Fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by the crustacean Skaracarida and Phosphatocopida were found in western Hunan, South China in 2005, including the important phosphatocopid species Vestrogothia spinata b...Fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by the crustacean Skaracarida and Phosphatocopida were found in western Hunan, South China in 2005, including the important phosphatocopid species Vestrogothia spinata based on exquisitely preserved soft-bodied specimens that allow the first growth stage to be reestablished. The taxonomy of Vestrogothia spinata is revised employing the character of a two-divided limb stem of the mandible. A new foundation for the phylogeny of the Phosphatocopina using mandible characters related to crustacean appendages is postulated. Vestrogothia spinata has only previously been found from Sweden.展开更多
The Early Cretaceous Jehol biota of northeastern China contains a diverse group of notostracans, including two genera, Chenops and Jeholops, described here. Chenops is characterized by a combination of an ovate carapa...The Early Cretaceous Jehol biota of northeastern China contains a diverse group of notostracans, including two genera, Chenops and Jeholops, described here. Chenops is characterized by a combination of an ovate carapace, narrow anal plate, equant distal endites and endopod on the anterior thoracic limbs. In addition to the new species, Chenops yixianensis, the genus also provisionally includes Prolepidurus oblongus Oleynikov, 1968. Jeholops, however, is monotypic, represented by the new species Jeholops hongi. It is characterized by a combination of kazacharthran and notostracan features unique to this taxon. Both new genera are provisionally placed in the taxon Notostraca. More detailed work exploring the morphology of exceptionally-preserved branchiopod crustaceans is needed. The difficulties in placing fossil notostracans into a phylogenetie framework are discussed.展开更多
1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the"s...1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the"sleeping"state(Radzikowski,2013).Bank of resting stages of planktonic organisms is an important component of the plankton community,without which we cannot understand community dynamics(Brendonck and De Meester,2003).展开更多
Along with the sequencing technology development and continual enthusiasm of researchers on the mitochondrial genomes, the number of metazoan mitochondrial genomes reported has a tremendous growth in the past decades....Along with the sequencing technology development and continual enthusiasm of researchers on the mitochondrial genomes, the number of metazoan mitochondrial genomes reported has a tremendous growth in the past decades. Phylomitogenomics—reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial genomic data—is now possible across large animal groups. Crustaceans in the class Malacostraca display a high diversity of body forms and include large number of ecologically and commercially important species. In this study, comprehensive and systematic analyses of the phylogenetic relationships within Malacostraca were conducted based on 86 mitochondrial genomes available from Gen Bank. Among 86 malacostracan mitochondrial genomes, 54 species have identical major gene arrangement（excluding t RNAs） to pancrustacean ground pattern,including six species from Stomatopoda, three species from Amphipoda, two krill, seven species from Dendrobranchiata（Decapoda）, and 36 species from Pleocyemata（Decapoda）. However, the other 32 mitochondrial genomes reported exhibit major gene rearrangements. Phylogenies based on Bayesian analyses of nucleotide sequences of the protein-coding genes produced a robust tree with 100% posterior probability at almost all nodes. The results indicate that Amphipoda and Isopoda cluster together（Edriophthalma）（BPP=100）.Phylomitogenomic analyses strong support that Euphausiacea is nested within Decapoda, and closely related to Dendrobranchiata, which is also consistent with the evidence from developmental biology. Yet the taxonomic sampling of mitochondrial genome from Malacostraca is very biased to the order Decapoda, with no complete mitochondrial genomes reported from 11 of the 16 orders. Future researches on sequencing the mitochondrial genomes from a wide variety of malacostracans are necessary to further elucidate the phylogeny of this important group of animals. With the increase in mitochondrial genomes available, phylomitogenomics will emerge as an important component in the Tree of Life researches.展开更多
A pool of dormant stages of planktonic organisms in saline lakes is a substantial component in the plankton communities;we need to take it into account to understand plankton dynamics.Hypersaline water bodies in Crime...A pool of dormant stages of planktonic organisms in saline lakes is a substantial component in the plankton communities;we need to take it into account to understand plankton dynamics.Hypersaline water bodies in Crimea,the largest peninsula in the Black Sea,constitute a very characteristic and peculiar habitat type in the region.We examined the presence of crustacean resting stages in sediments of dried up sites of the Crimean hypersaline lakes.Sediment samples were taken in 9 different lakes.Experiments performed on the hatching of these resting stages showed the presence of Moina salina(Cladocera),parthenogenetic Artemia and Artemia urmiana(Anostraca),Eucypris mareotica( inflata)(Ostracoda),and Cletocamptus retrogressus(Harpacticoida).Comparing the experimental results obtained with clean dried brine shrimp cysts and those kept in sediment samples,it was noted that clean cysts hatched much faster than those from sediments did.Some components in bottom sediments slow down and desynchronize hatching from resting eggs in different groups of crustaceans.The sediments of different lakes inhibited the nauplii output from Artemia and ostracod resting eggs to different degrees.More data are needed before we can discuss the reasons of this inhibition.The nonsynchronous output of active stages from the bottom resting ones may be an adaptation that allows crustacean species to exist in extreme and unpredictably changing environments,avoiding the risk that all may emerge at once under unsuitable conditions.展开更多
The bacteria in the genus Vibrio are heterothrophic, which exist in the larval rearing water of Crustacea and often show diverse pathogenicities to marine animals. In order to assess the bacterial diversity associated...The bacteria in the genus Vibrio are heterothrophic, which exist in the larval rearing water of Crustacea and often show diverse pathogenicities to marine animals. In order to assess the bacterial diversity associated with Crustacean seed production, 32 strains were isolated from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and mangrove crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae and their rearing-water and characterized using biochemical and molecular approaches. Two or more genotypically different species were identified. The vibriosis of black tiger shrimp was caused by V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus and Vibrio spp. predominantly, while that of crab by V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus only.展开更多
The littoral paranthurid isopod crustacean Paranthura nigropunctata （Lucas, 1846） is recorded for the first time from the littoral of El Jadida located on the Atlantic northwest coast of Morocco. Specimens were obta...The littoral paranthurid isopod crustacean Paranthura nigropunctata （Lucas, 1846） is recorded for the first time from the littoral of El Jadida located on the Atlantic northwest coast of Morocco. Specimens were obtained from the invasive brown seaweed Sargassum muticum and the natives Bifurcaria bifurcata and Cystoseira tamariscifolia in January 2015. This new record further confirms a significant southward distribution of P. nigropunctata and contributes to the knowledge of the biogeography of this isopod. Heretofore, the species was only known from the western and eastern Mediterranean and some Atlantic coasts. The present finding is the first of the species from Moroccan Atlantic shores, and suggests that the species may also be present in other coastal localities from Morocco and Africa. Some data on morphology, ecology and spatial distribution of the species are provided.展开更多
The genus Synalpheus （Decapoda： Alpheidae） from China seas is reviewed. Thirty one species belonging to this genus are described and illustrated in the present paper, including 4 new species and 6 newly recorded sp...The genus Synalpheus （Decapoda： Alpheidae） from China seas is reviewed. Thirty one species belonging to this genus are described and illustrated in the present paper, including 4 new species and 6 newly recorded species from the China seas as following： S. brevrostrus sp. nov., S. jinqingensis sp. nov., S. liui sp. nov., S. tonkinensis sp. nov., S. biunguiculatus （Stimpson, 1860）, S. gracilirostris de Man, 1910, S. iphinoe de Man, 1909, S. lophodactylus Coutiere, 1908, S. modestus de Man, 1909 and S. mortenseni Banners, 1985. A key to 31 species of the genus Synalpheus from China seas is provided.展开更多
The present paper reports five species of squat lobster, genus Agononida Baba and de Saint Laurent, 1996, of which A. squamosa （Henderson, 1885） and A. cf. variabilis （Baba, 1988） were not previously reported in C...The present paper reports five species of squat lobster, genus Agononida Baba and de Saint Laurent, 1996, of which A. squamosa （Henderson, 1885） and A. cf. variabilis （Baba, 1988） were not previously reported in Chinese waters. All the specimens are kept in the Marine Biological Museum collection in the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao. To date, there have been l 1 species of this genus recorded from China＇s seas. A key to those species is provided in this paper.展开更多
The four palaemonoid(sub)families Anchistioididae,Gnathophyllidae,Hymenoceridae,and Pontoniinae are similar in morphology,and all live in marine habitats.Their systematic relationships are controversial.In this study,...The four palaemonoid(sub)families Anchistioididae,Gnathophyllidae,Hymenoceridae,and Pontoniinae are similar in morphology,and all live in marine habitats.Their systematic relationships are controversial.In this study,we used sequences from a mitochondrial ribosomal gene(16S rRNA) and three nuclear genes(H3,NaK,and enolase) to explore the phylogenetic relationships of these four taxa.Our tree based on 43 species belonging to 28 genera shows that Gnathophyllidae and Hymenoceridae are nested within Pontoniinae.This result is consistent with evidence from larval morphology.The defining characteristics of Gnathophyllidae and Hymenoceridae,a vestigial or missing mandibular incisor process and a broadened third maxilliped,can also be found in Pontoniinae;conversely,on the basis of published species descriptions,gnathophyllids and hymenocerids meet most of the defining characteristics of Pontoniinae.The peculiar form of the third maxilliped in gnathophyllids and hymenocerids might be the result of adaptive evolution,as these particular features are also present in pontoniines.According to our phylogenetic tree,Anchistioididae are more remote from Pontoniinae,which is consistent with the distinct morphological differences in the pleopods.The pontoniine genera analyzed(together with Gnathophyllidae and Hymenoceridae) are divided into two clades.The members of Clade I exhibit primordial characteristics similar to those of the Palaemoninae,and might be direct descendants of the ancestor of the Pontoniinae;members of Clade II are more specialized.展开更多
A new species of goneplacid crab, Paragoneplax chenae, is described, based on collections from the Nansha Islands, South China Sea. P. chenae closely resembles its only congener P. serenei (Zarenkov, 1972) in general ...A new species of goneplacid crab, Paragoneplax chenae, is described, based on collections from the Nansha Islands, South China Sea. P. chenae closely resembles its only congener P. serenei (Zarenkov, 1972) in general appearance. They are distinguishable from each other by the male abdominal and gonopodal characters.展开更多
The researches on taxonomy and phylogeny of the subphylum Crustacea in China, mainly the marine species, are reviewed in the present paper. The researches involved taxonomy, morphology, fauna and zoogeography, phyloge...The researches on taxonomy and phylogeny of the subphylum Crustacea in China, mainly the marine species, are reviewed in the present paper. The researches involved taxonomy, morphology, fauna and zoogeography, phylogeny and systematics. The mentioned groups almost cover all groups of the Crustacea which have been studied by Chinese scholars. This review is of great significance to summarize the achievements in the field of taxonomy and phylogeny on marine crustaceans in China.展开更多
The introduction of non-indigenous species(NIS),deliberately or unintentionally,by means of human action,is considered one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide[1].Some of thes...The introduction of non-indigenous species(NIS),deliberately or unintentionally,by means of human action,is considered one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide[1].Some of these species successfully establish,spread rapidly into new locations,and become invasive,altering ecosystem services and causing both significant ecological and socio-economic impacts[1,2].展开更多
Although fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by Skaracarida and Phosphatocopina were first reported from the Middle and Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South China in 2005, diversified phosphatocopine spe...Although fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by Skaracarida and Phosphatocopina were first reported from the Middle and Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South China in 2005, diversified phosphatocopine species have never been appropriately described and elucidated in terms of their evolutionary relationships. Here, we described two new species of Phosphatocopina, Vestrogothia anterispinata sp. nov. and V. bispinata sp. nov. The evolutionary relationship among all the valid species of Phosphatocopina is discussed and the phylogeny of Phosphatocopina is reestablished using cladistic analysis. Accordingly, phosphatocopines primitively evolved along two lineages: one evolved towards the emergence of lobes; the other evolved towards the emergence of dorsal spines. Respectively, lobes originated independently three times, and dorsal spines originated only once. With regard to the dorsal rims, interdorsum originated first, whereas dorsal furrow originated independently twice on the basis of interdorsum. Probably Hesslandona may represent a polyphyletic group, whereas Vestrogothia a monophyletic group.展开更多
The Phosphatocopina (Crustacea,Arthropoda) is an important group of 'Orsten-type' preserved fossils.It is resolved as the sister-group of Eucrustacea.Here we study the labrum,the median eyes,and the inner lame...The Phosphatocopina (Crustacea,Arthropoda) is an important group of 'Orsten-type' preserved fossils.It is resolved as the sister-group of Eucrustacea.Here we study the labrum,the median eyes,and the inner lamella of Phosphatocopina based on the selected specimens respectively from western Hunan,South China,and Sweden.The labrum characters of different species exhibit interspecific difference.The ratio of labrum length/shield length is significant to the reconstruction of the ontogeny of phosphatocopines.The labrum characters should be introduced to the diagnosis of Phosphatocopina.In the earliest growth stage,the median eyes were inconspicuous,almost as flat as the other area of the hypstome.However,with the growth of the individuals they became conspicuous.There were two obviously concave structures on the ventral side of the hypostome in later stages,which were the positions where the median eyes should have been located.In addition,the two modes of preservation of the inner lamella,i.e.,that of shrinking and that of bulging up,are interpreted as the preservational artifact herein.展开更多
Over the period 20-25 June,2010,I had the good fortune to attend the Seventh International Crustacean Congress in Qingdao,China.Discipline specific conferences are very special events-giving us the opportunity to both...Over the period 20-25 June,2010,I had the good fortune to attend the Seventh International Crustacean Congress in Qingdao,China.Discipline specific conferences are very special events-giving us the opportunity to both share knowledge and to learn from colleagues who are interested in the narrower field(s)in which we are specialists.However,with recent advances in molecular biology and microscopy,carcinology,which comprises crustacean biology,palaeontology,distribution and evolution,is now so diverse that sub-disciplines within it are becoming increasingly specialized.Indeed,this is so much so that except in meetings such as this congress,many of us lack real opportunities to discuss and debate other perspectives of our science.The meeting at Qingdao provided such a venue,and it was particularly enjoyable.展开更多
The fossils of one new genus and three new species described in this paper were collected from the grey-brownish sandstone of the Kelamayi Formation （克拉玛依组） （Xiaoquangou Group） in Toksun County （托克逊）, No...The fossils of one new genus and three new species described in this paper were collected from the grey-brownish sandstone of the Kelamayi Formation （克拉玛依组） （Xiaoquangou Group） in Toksun County （托克逊）, North Xinjiang. In age the formation may be referred to as the Middle Triassic （T2K）; and the fossils, a new Middle Triassic Notostraca （Crustacea）. They are Xinjiangiops suni g.s.n., Xin. Keerjianensis and Xin. tuokexunensis g.s.n.展开更多
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40772008 and 40572003)the Research Fund for DoctoralProgram of High Education(Grant No.20060001059)State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,ChineseAcademy of Sciences(Grant No.083101)
文摘Fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by the crustacean Skaracarida and Phosphatocopida were found in western Hunan, South China in 2005, including the important phosphatocopid species Vestrogothia spinata based on exquisitely preserved soft-bodied specimens that allow the first growth stage to be reestablished. The taxonomy of Vestrogothia spinata is revised employing the character of a two-divided limb stem of the mandible. A new foundation for the phylogeny of the Phosphatocopina using mandible characters related to crustacean appendages is postulated. Vestrogothia spinata has only previously been found from Sweden.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.40872022)the Nature Science Foundation of Beijing(no.5082002)+1 种基金Scientific Research Key Program and PHR Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Educationfunded by a Crustacean Society Denton Belk Fellowship and the Yale Peabody Museum
文摘The Early Cretaceous Jehol biota of northeastern China contains a diverse group of notostracans, including two genera, Chenops and Jeholops, described here. Chenops is characterized by a combination of an ovate carapace, narrow anal plate, equant distal endites and endopod on the anterior thoracic limbs. In addition to the new species, Chenops yixianensis, the genus also provisionally includes Prolepidurus oblongus Oleynikov, 1968. Jeholops, however, is monotypic, represented by the new species Jeholops hongi. It is characterized by a combination of kazacharthran and notostracan features unique to this taxon. Both new genera are provisionally placed in the taxon Notostraca. More detailed work exploring the morphology of exceptionally-preserved branchiopod crustaceans is needed. The difficulties in placing fossil notostracans into a phylogenetie framework are discussed.
文摘1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the"sleeping"state(Radzikowski,2013).Bank of resting stages of planktonic organisms is an important component of the plankton community,without which we cannot understand community dynamics(Brendonck and De Meester,2003).
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41476146 and 40906067Hong Kong Scholars Program under contract No.XJ2012056+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under contract Nos 2012M510054 and 2012T50218a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Along with the sequencing technology development and continual enthusiasm of researchers on the mitochondrial genomes, the number of metazoan mitochondrial genomes reported has a tremendous growth in the past decades. Phylomitogenomics—reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial genomic data—is now possible across large animal groups. Crustaceans in the class Malacostraca display a high diversity of body forms and include large number of ecologically and commercially important species. In this study, comprehensive and systematic analyses of the phylogenetic relationships within Malacostraca were conducted based on 86 mitochondrial genomes available from Gen Bank. Among 86 malacostracan mitochondrial genomes, 54 species have identical major gene arrangement（excluding t RNAs） to pancrustacean ground pattern,including six species from Stomatopoda, three species from Amphipoda, two krill, seven species from Dendrobranchiata（Decapoda）, and 36 species from Pleocyemata（Decapoda）. However, the other 32 mitochondrial genomes reported exhibit major gene rearrangements. Phylogenies based on Bayesian analyses of nucleotide sequences of the protein-coding genes produced a robust tree with 100% posterior probability at almost all nodes. The results indicate that Amphipoda and Isopoda cluster together（Edriophthalma）（BPP=100）.Phylomitogenomic analyses strong support that Euphausiacea is nested within Decapoda, and closely related to Dendrobranchiata, which is also consistent with the evidence from developmental biology. Yet the taxonomic sampling of mitochondrial genome from Malacostraca is very biased to the order Decapoda, with no complete mitochondrial genomes reported from 11 of the 16 orders. Future researches on sequencing the mitochondrial genomes from a wide variety of malacostracans are necessary to further elucidate the phylogeny of this important group of animals. With the increase in mitochondrial genomes available, phylomitogenomics will emerge as an important component in the Tree of Life researches.
文摘A pool of dormant stages of planktonic organisms in saline lakes is a substantial component in the plankton communities;we need to take it into account to understand plankton dynamics.Hypersaline water bodies in Crimea,the largest peninsula in the Black Sea,constitute a very characteristic and peculiar habitat type in the region.We examined the presence of crustacean resting stages in sediments of dried up sites of the Crimean hypersaline lakes.Sediment samples were taken in 9 different lakes.Experiments performed on the hatching of these resting stages showed the presence of Moina salina(Cladocera),parthenogenetic Artemia and Artemia urmiana(Anostraca),Eucypris mareotica( inflata)(Ostracoda),and Cletocamptus retrogressus(Harpacticoida).Comparing the experimental results obtained with clean dried brine shrimp cysts and those kept in sediment samples,it was noted that clean cysts hatched much faster than those from sediments did.Some components in bottom sediments slow down and desynchronize hatching from resting eggs in different groups of crustaceans.The sediments of different lakes inhibited the nauplii output from Artemia and ostracod resting eggs to different degrees.More data are needed before we can discuss the reasons of this inhibition.The nonsynchronous output of active stages from the bottom resting ones may be an adaptation that allows crustacean species to exist in extreme and unpredictably changing environments,avoiding the risk that all may emerge at once under unsuitable conditions.
文摘The bacteria in the genus Vibrio are heterothrophic, which exist in the larval rearing water of Crustacea and often show diverse pathogenicities to marine animals. In order to assess the bacterial diversity associated with Crustacean seed production, 32 strains were isolated from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and mangrove crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae and their rearing-water and characterized using biochemical and molecular approaches. Two or more genotypically different species were identified. The vibriosis of black tiger shrimp was caused by V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus and Vibrio spp. predominantly, while that of crab by V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus only.
基金supported by fellowship SFRH/BPD/107878/2015 of FCT
文摘The littoral paranthurid isopod crustacean Paranthura nigropunctata （Lucas, 1846） is recorded for the first time from the littoral of El Jadida located on the Atlantic northwest coast of Morocco. Specimens were obtained from the invasive brown seaweed Sargassum muticum and the natives Bifurcaria bifurcata and Cystoseira tamariscifolia in January 2015. This new record further confirms a significant southward distribution of P. nigropunctata and contributes to the knowledge of the biogeography of this isopod. Heretofore, the species was only known from the western and eastern Mediterranean and some Atlantic coasts. The present finding is the first of the species from Moroccan Atlantic shores, and suggests that the species may also be present in other coastal localities from Morocco and Africa. Some data on morphology, ecology and spatial distribution of the species are provided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31172054)partly supported by the project of the S&T basic work from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014FY110500,2015FY210300)
文摘The genus Synalpheus （Decapoda： Alpheidae） from China seas is reviewed. Thirty one species belonging to this genus are described and illustrated in the present paper, including 4 new species and 6 newly recorded species from the China seas as following： S. brevrostrus sp. nov., S. jinqingensis sp. nov., S. liui sp. nov., S. tonkinensis sp. nov., S. biunguiculatus （Stimpson, 1860）, S. gracilirostris de Man, 1910, S. iphinoe de Man, 1909, S. lophodactylus Coutiere, 1908, S. modestus de Man, 1909 and S. mortenseni Banners, 1985. A key to 31 species of the genus Synalpheus from China seas is provided.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31071889,30499340)
文摘The present paper reports five species of squat lobster, genus Agononida Baba and de Saint Laurent, 1996, of which A. squamosa （Henderson, 1885） and A. cf. variabilis （Baba, 1988） were not previously reported in Chinese waters. All the specimens are kept in the Marine Biological Museum collection in the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao. To date, there have been l 1 species of this genus recorded from China＇s seas. A key to those species is provided in this paper.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41376163,30499340)the National Science Council,Taiwan to CHAN Tinyam
文摘The four palaemonoid(sub)families Anchistioididae,Gnathophyllidae,Hymenoceridae,and Pontoniinae are similar in morphology,and all live in marine habitats.Their systematic relationships are controversial.In this study,we used sequences from a mitochondrial ribosomal gene(16S rRNA) and three nuclear genes(H3,NaK,and enolase) to explore the phylogenetic relationships of these four taxa.Our tree based on 43 species belonging to 28 genera shows that Gnathophyllidae and Hymenoceridae are nested within Pontoniinae.This result is consistent with evidence from larval morphology.The defining characteristics of Gnathophyllidae and Hymenoceridae,a vestigial or missing mandibular incisor process and a broadened third maxilliped,can also be found in Pontoniinae;conversely,on the basis of published species descriptions,gnathophyllids and hymenocerids meet most of the defining characteristics of Pontoniinae.The peculiar form of the third maxilliped in gnathophyllids and hymenocerids might be the result of adaptive evolution,as these particular features are also present in pontoniines.According to our phylogenetic tree,Anchistioididae are more remote from Pontoniinae,which is consistent with the distinct morphological differences in the pleopods.The pontoniine genera analyzed(together with Gnathophyllidae and Hymenoceridae) are divided into two clades.The members of Clade I exhibit primordial characteristics similar to those of the Palaemoninae,and might be direct descendants of the ancestor of the Pontoniinae;members of Clade II are more specialized.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2006FY110500)
文摘A new species of goneplacid crab, Paragoneplax chenae, is described, based on collections from the Nansha Islands, South China Sea. P. chenae closely resembles its only congener P. serenei (Zarenkov, 1972) in general appearance. They are distinguishable from each other by the male abdominal and gonopodal characters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41876178, 42176114)the Senior User Project of RV “KEXUE”(KEXUE2020GZ01)。
文摘The researches on taxonomy and phylogeny of the subphylum Crustacea in China, mainly the marine species, are reviewed in the present paper. The researches involved taxonomy, morphology, fauna and zoogeography, phylogeny and systematics. The mentioned groups almost cover all groups of the Crustacea which have been studied by Chinese scholars. This review is of great significance to summarize the achievements in the field of taxonomy and phylogeny on marine crustaceans in China.
文摘The introduction of non-indigenous species(NIS),deliberately or unintentionally,by means of human action,is considered one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide[1].Some of these species successfully establish,spread rapidly into new locations,and become invasive,altering ecosystem services and causing both significant ecological and socio-economic impacts[1,2].
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40772008, 40572003)Research Fund for Doctoral Program of High Education (Grant No. 20060001059)State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 083101)
文摘Although fossils of Orsten-type preservation represented by Skaracarida and Phosphatocopina were first reported from the Middle and Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South China in 2005, diversified phosphatocopine species have never been appropriately described and elucidated in terms of their evolutionary relationships. Here, we described two new species of Phosphatocopina, Vestrogothia anterispinata sp. nov. and V. bispinata sp. nov. The evolutionary relationship among all the valid species of Phosphatocopina is discussed and the phylogeny of Phosphatocopina is reestablished using cladistic analysis. Accordingly, phosphatocopines primitively evolved along two lineages: one evolved towards the emergence of lobes; the other evolved towards the emergence of dorsal spines. Respectively, lobes originated independently three times, and dorsal spines originated only once. With regard to the dorsal rims, interdorsum originated first, whereas dorsal furrow originated independently twice on the basis of interdorsum. Probably Hesslandona may represent a polyphyletic group, whereas Vestrogothia a monophyletic group.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40772008 and 40572003)the Research Fund for Doctoral Program of High Education (Grant No.20060001059)State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.103102)
文摘The Phosphatocopina (Crustacea,Arthropoda) is an important group of 'Orsten-type' preserved fossils.It is resolved as the sister-group of Eucrustacea.Here we study the labrum,the median eyes,and the inner lamella of Phosphatocopina based on the selected specimens respectively from western Hunan,South China,and Sweden.The labrum characters of different species exhibit interspecific difference.The ratio of labrum length/shield length is significant to the reconstruction of the ontogeny of phosphatocopines.The labrum characters should be introduced to the diagnosis of Phosphatocopina.In the earliest growth stage,the median eyes were inconspicuous,almost as flat as the other area of the hypstome.However,with the growth of the individuals they became conspicuous.There were two obviously concave structures on the ventral side of the hypostome in later stages,which were the positions where the median eyes should have been located.In addition,the two modes of preservation of the inner lamella,i.e.,that of shrinking and that of bulging up,are interpreted as the preservational artifact herein.
文摘Over the period 20-25 June,2010,I had the good fortune to attend the Seventh International Crustacean Congress in Qingdao,China.Discipline specific conferences are very special events-giving us the opportunity to both share knowledge and to learn from colleagues who are interested in the narrower field(s)in which we are specialists.However,with recent advances in molecular biology and microscopy,carcinology,which comprises crustacean biology,palaeontology,distribution and evolution,is now so diverse that sub-disciplines within it are becoming increasingly specialized.Indeed,this is so much so that except in meetings such as this congress,many of us lack real opportunities to discuss and debate other perspectives of our science.The meeting at Qingdao provided such a venue,and it was particularly enjoyable.
文摘The fossils of one new genus and three new species described in this paper were collected from the grey-brownish sandstone of the Kelamayi Formation （克拉玛依组） （Xiaoquangou Group） in Toksun County （托克逊）, North Xinjiang. In age the formation may be referred to as the Middle Triassic （T2K）; and the fossils, a new Middle Triassic Notostraca （Crustacea）. They are Xinjiangiops suni g.s.n., Xin. Keerjianensis and Xin. tuokexunensis g.s.n.
