Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop mor...Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop morphological development and increase yield.Here,a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans.Of three row-spacing configurations(40-40,20-40,and 20-60 cm)and two planting densities(normal 180,000 plants ha 1 and high 270,000 plants ha 1).The differences in canopy structure,plant morphological development,photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed.Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance(CT).The 20-60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment,in which plant height is reduced,while branching is promoted.This approach reduces plant competition,optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant,specific leaf area,leaf area development rate,leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices(F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,P_(n)).The significant increase of 11.9%-34.2%in canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP)is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT,an important contributing factor to yield increases.The yield in the 20-60 cm treatment is 4.0%higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density,but 5.9%under high density,primarily driven by CAP and pod number.These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants,promote source-sink transformation in soybeans,and further improve yield.In practice,a 20-60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain.展开更多
In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways Hi...In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways High-Speed 5 Electric Multiple Unit and proposed a mathematical model and capacity optimization method for an onboard energy storage system using lithium batteries and supercapacitors as storage media.Firstly,considering the electrical characteristics,weight,and volume of the storage media,a mathematical model of the energy storage system was established.Secondly,to tackle problems related to energy consumption and power quality,an energy management strategy was proposed that comprehensively considers peak shaving and valley filling and power quality by controlling the charge/discharge thresholds of the storage system.Thecapacity optimization adopted a bilevel programming model,with the series/parallel number of storage modules as variables,considering constraints imposed by the Direct Current to Direct Current converter,train load,and space.An improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and linear programming solver were used to solve specific cases.The results show that the proposed onboard energy storage system can effectively achieve energy savings,reduce consumption,and improve power qualitywhile meeting the load and space limitations of the train.展开更多
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(HAP NPs)were synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method.The surface of HAP NPs was grafted-SH and-COOH chelating groups via in situ surface‐modification with iminodiacetic acid(IDA)an...Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(HAP NPs)were synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method.The surface of HAP NPs was grafted-SH and-COOH chelating groups via in situ surface‐modification with iminodiacetic acid(IDA)and 3‐mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane(MPS)to afford dual surface‐capped nano‐amendment HAPIDA/MPS.The structure of HAP‐IDA/MPS was characterized,and its adsorption performance for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)was evaluated.The total adsorption capacity of 0.10 g HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)with an initial mass concentration of 20 mg·L^(-1) reached 13.7 mg·g^(-1),about 4.3 times as much as that of HAP.Notably,HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment displayed the highest immobilization rate for Hg^(2+),possibly because of its chemical reaction with-SH to form sulfide,possessing the lowest solubility product constant among a variety of metal sulfides.展开更多
With the increase in the quantity and scale of Static Random-Access Memory Field Programmable Gate Arrays (SRAM-based FPGAs) for aerospace application, the volume of FPGA configuration bit files that must be stored ha...With the increase in the quantity and scale of Static Random-Access Memory Field Programmable Gate Arrays (SRAM-based FPGAs) for aerospace application, the volume of FPGA configuration bit files that must be stored has increased dramatically. The use of compression techniques for these bitstream files is emerging as a key strategy to alleviate the burden on storage resources. Due to the severe resource constraints of space-based electronics and the unique application environment, the simplicity, efficiency and robustness of the decompression circuitry is also a key design consideration. Through comparative analysis current bitstream file compression technologies, this research suggests that the Lempel Ziv Oberhumer (LZO) compression algorithm is more suitable for satellite applications. This paper also delves into the compression process and format of the LZO compression algorithm, as well as the inherent characteristics of configuration bitstream files. We propose an improved algorithm based on LZO for bitstream file compression, which optimises the compression process by refining the format and reducing the offset. Furthermore, a low-cost, robust decompression hardware architecture is proposed based on this method. Experimental results show that the compression speed of the improved LZO algorithm is increased by 3%, the decompression hardware cost is reduced by approximately 60%, and the compression ratio is slightly reduced by 0.47%.展开更多
The design of wide-range high-efficiency aerodynamic configurations is one of the most important key technologies in the research of near-space hypersonic vehicles.A double-sided intake configuration with different in...The design of wide-range high-efficiency aerodynamic configurations is one of the most important key technologies in the research of near-space hypersonic vehicles.A double-sided intake configuration with different inlets on the upper and lower surfaces is proposed to adapt to widerange flight.Firstly,the double-sided intake configuration’s design method and flight profile are delineated.Secondly,Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation based on multi-Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)parallel computing is adopted to evaluate the vehicle’s performance comprehensively,aiming to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme.This evaluation encompasses a wide-range basic aerodynamic characteristics,inlet performance,and heat flux at critical locations.The results show that the inlets of the designed integration configuration can start up across Mach number 3.5 to 8.The vehicle possesses multi-point cruising capability by flipping the fuselage.Simultaneously,a 180°rotation of the fuselage can significantly decrease the heat accumulation on the lower surface of the vehicle,particularly at the inlet lip,further decreasing the temperature gradient across the vehicle structure.This study has some engineering value for the aerodynamic configuration design of wide-range vehicles.However,further study reveals that the flow phenomena at the intersection of two inlets are complex,posing potential adverse impacts on propulsion efficiency.Therefore,it is imperative to conduct additional research to delve into this matter comprehensively.展开更多
The introduction of metal single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)are effective approaches to mod-ify electronic configuration of semiconductors,whereas recognizing the synergistic effects of metal SAs and NPs are stil...The introduction of metal single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)are effective approaches to mod-ify electronic configuration of semiconductors,whereas recognizing the synergistic effects of metal SAs and NPs are still challenging in photocatalytic water purification.Herein,a general strategy is achieved by subsequentially anchoring Fe SAs and Fe NPs in graphitic carbon nitride.The modification of Fe SAs and Fe NPs improves the energy band structure and constructs a gradient charge polarization,directly expanding the optical absorption range and facilitating the efficient separation and transfer of charge car-riers.With the assistance of the gradient charge polarization,pollutants are readily oxidated by h+,which strengthens the continuous reduction of O2 on Fe NPs for pollutant oxidation in water.This work rein-forces the synergistic effect of SAs and NPs on electronic configuration modulation at the atomic level,which exhibits great potential for the construction of an efficient and sustainable water purification sys-tem.展开更多
This study introduces a novel approach to addressing the challenges of high-dimensional variables and strong nonlinearity in reservoir production and layer configuration optimization.For the first time,relational mach...This study introduces a novel approach to addressing the challenges of high-dimensional variables and strong nonlinearity in reservoir production and layer configuration optimization.For the first time,relational machine learning models are applied in reservoir development optimization.Traditional regression-based models often struggle in complex scenarios,but the proposed relational and regression-based composite differential evolution(RRCODE)method combines a Gaussian naive Bayes relational model with a radial basis function network regression model.This integration effectively captures complex relationships in the optimization process,improving both accuracy and convergence speed.Experimental tests on a multi-layer multi-channel reservoir model,the Egg reservoir model,and a real-field reservoir model(the S reservoir)demonstrate that RRCODE significantly reduces water injection and production volumes while increasing economic returns and cumulative oil recovery.Moreover,the surrogate models employed in RRCODE exhibit lightweight characteristics with low computational overhead.These results highlight RRCODE's superior performance in the integrated optimization of reservoir production and layer configurations,offering more efficient and economically viable solutions for oilfield development.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have recently gained wildly interest due to the abundance of sodium,lower production costs,and better low-temperature performance compared to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Among various cathode...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have recently gained wildly interest due to the abundance of sodium,lower production costs,and better low-temperature performance compared to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Among various cathode materials of SIBs,O_(3)-type NaNi_(0.4)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.4)O_(2)(NFM424)demonstrates high capacity and ease of synthesis,yet suffers from structural degradation and sluggish Na^(+)kinetics caused by large ionic radius and strong electrostatic interactions.To overcome these issues,a configuration strategy combined with TiO_(2) and Co_(3)O_(4) by a simple solid-state reaction method was introduced to improve structural and electrochemical stability.XRD,SEM,TEM,and various electrochemical characterizations as well as TGA/DSC tests were conducted.The resulting NaNi_(0.4)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.05)Ti_(0.05)O_(2)(NFMCT)cathode mitigated Jahn-Teller distortions and Na^(+)/vacancy ordering while enhancing phase integrity and diffusion pathways.The obtained NFMCT maintained 93.7 mAh·g^(−1) after 550 cycles at 1 C,with superior rate capabilities at 2 C and 5 C.These findings deepen the understanding of configuration strategy by using multi-element oxide and highlight a practical strategy for designing high-performance SIB cathodes.展开更多
This paper presents a new capacity planning method that utilizes the complementary characteristics of wind and solar power output.It addresses the limitations of relying on a single metric for a comprehensive assessme...This paper presents a new capacity planning method that utilizes the complementary characteristics of wind and solar power output.It addresses the limitations of relying on a single metric for a comprehensive assessment of complementarity.To enable more accurate predictions of the optimal wind-solar ratio,a comprehensive complementarity rate is proposed,which allows for the optimization of wind-solar capacity based on this measure.Initially,the Clayton Copula function is employed to create a joint probability distribution model for wind and solar power,enabling the calculation of the comprehensive complementarity rate.Following this,a joint planning model is developed to enhance the system’s economy and reliability.The goal is to minimize total costs,load deficit rates,and curtailment rates by applying an ImprovedMulti-Objective Particle SwarmOptimization algorithm(IMOPSO).Results show that when the proportion of wind power reaches 70%,the comprehensive complementarity rate is optimized.This optimization leads to a 14.83%reduction in total costs and a 9.27%decrease in curtailment rates.Compared to existing studies,this paper offers a multidimensional analysis of the relationship between the comprehensive complementarity rate and the optimal wind-solar ratio,thereby improving predictive accuracy and providing a valuable reference for research on the correlation between wind and solar power.展开更多
In response to the issue of determining the appropriate capacity when hybrid energy storage systems(HESS)collaborate with thermal power units(TPU)in the system’s secondary frequency regulation,a configuration method ...In response to the issue of determining the appropriate capacity when hybrid energy storage systems(HESS)collaborate with thermal power units(TPU)in the system’s secondary frequency regulation,a configuration method for HESS based on the analysis of frequency regulation demand analysis is proposed.And a corresponding simulation platform is developed.Firstly,a frequency modulation demand method for reducing the frequency modulation losses of TPU is proposed.Secondly,taking into comprehensive consideration that flywheel energy storage features rapid power response and battery energy storage has the characteristic of high energy density,a coordinated control strategy for HESS considering the self-recovery of state of charge(SOC)is put forward.Then,to measure the economic and technical performance of HESS in assisting the secondary frequency modulation of TPU,an optimized configurationmodel considering the full-life-cycle economy and frequency modulation performance of TPU and HESS system is constructed.Finally,a visual simulation platform for the combined frequency modulation of TPU and HESS is developed based on Matlab Appdesigner.Theresults of calculation examples indicate that the proposed configuration method can improve the overall economic efficiency and frequency modulation performance of TPU and HESS;The control strategy can not only prolong the service life of battery energy storage but also enhance the continuous response ability of HESS;The visual simulation platform is easy to use,and the simulation results are accurate and reliable.展开更多
Origami mechanisms are extensively employed in various engineering applications due to their exceptional folding performance and deformability.The key to designing origami mechanisms lies in the design of the creases....Origami mechanisms are extensively employed in various engineering applications due to their exceptional folding performance and deformability.The key to designing origami mechanisms lies in the design of the creases.The crease design is often derived from experience and inspiration,so it is crucial to have a systematic approach to crease design.In this paper,a novel synthesis approach based on graph theory is proposed,which effectively addresses the challenge of designing the creases in origami mechanisms.The essence of this method lies in the acquisition of the double symmetrical crease pattern through the directed graph product operation of two subgraphs.The crease pattern can be simplified by employing a technique that eliminates certain creases while preserving the non-isomorphism and symmetry of the pattern.An improved mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to achieve an automatic distribution of the peak_valley creases of the origami.The proposed method ultimately generates 12 unique double symmetrical crease patterns.The new method proposed in this paper,through systematic design,significantly improves the efficiency of mechanism design while opening up broad prospects for exploring new mechanism structures,thereby greatly expanding its application potential in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace engineering and intelligent robots.展开更多
By analyzing the urgent demand for digital talents in the current landscape industry and the challenges faced by the traditional teaching mode,this study aims to explore a set of teaching methodology reform solutions ...By analyzing the urgent demand for digital talents in the current landscape industry and the challenges faced by the traditional teaching mode,this study aims to explore a set of teaching methodology reform solutions based on digital technology to improve the quality of teaching and enhance the practical innovation ability of students.The study firstly describes the application of digital technologies such as CAD/BIM,3D modelling and rendering,virtual reality(VR)/augmented reality(AR),and geographic information system(GIS)in the field of landscape architecture.Then,the current teaching status of plant configuration and landscape architecture courses is analyzed,and the advantages and challenges of digital technology applications are identified.On this basis,this study proposes a multi-dimensional reform path and practice plan including the reconstruction of teaching objectives and content,innovation of teaching mode,improvement of teaching strategies and methods,as well as the construction of teaching resources and the reform of teaching evaluation,guided by modern educational theories such as constructivism,collaborative learning and project-based learning(PBL).Finally,this study emphasizes the key roles of faculty construction,optimization of hardware and software environment,and teaching management and institutional guarantee in the reform.展开更多
[Objectives]To provide a reference for the promotion of appropriate row spacing configuration modes for cotton planting in the Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang.[Methods]Xinluzao 63 was employed as the ...[Objectives]To provide a reference for the promotion of appropriate row spacing configuration modes for cotton planting in the Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang.[Methods]Xinluzao 63 was employed as the research subject to examine the effects of three different configuration modes:three rows with one film,four rows with one film,and six rows with one film,on the growth and development of cotton,as well as on yield and the amount of residual film in the field.[Results]In comparison to the configuration modes of four rows with one film and six rows with one film,the development process in the row spacing configuration mode of three rows with one film was accelerated by 1-4 d.This configuration mode exhibited variability in several agronomic traits,particularly in plant height,the number of fruiting branches per plant,and the number of leaves per plant,with the observed trend indicating T3>T2>T1.Conversely,the height of the first fruiting branch node displayed an inverse trend.In terms of yield composition,no significant differences were observed in boll weight and yield among various configuration modes.However,T3 exhibited the highest boll weight at 5.68 g and a yield of 462.67 kg/667 m 2.Additionally,significant differences were noted in harvesting density and the number of bolls per plant.T3 demonstrated the lowest harvesting density at 1.11×104 plants/666.7 m 2,the highest number of bolls per plant at 8.63,and the highest boll opening rate at 97.48%.Furthermore,T3 also resulted in the least amount of agricultural film residue during the current season.[Conclusions]Among the three planting configuration modes examined,the low-density planting configuration mode consisting of three rows and one film demonstrated a significant advantage at the individual plant level.This approach yielded results comparable to those of the high density planting configuration mode while also reducing costs.Furthermore,low density planting positively influenced the cotton boll opening rate,leading to a decreased amount of residual film and promoting ecological health within the agricultural land.展开更多
Asymmetric single-atom catalysts(ASACs)have attracted much attention owing to their excellent catalytic properties.However,the relationship between asymmetric coordination and the spin states of metal sites remains un...Asymmetric single-atom catalysts(ASACs)have attracted much attention owing to their excellent catalytic properties.However,the relationship between asymmetric coordination and the spin states of metal sites remains unclear.Additionally,the modulation of reactive oxygen species in Fenton-like reactions remains challenging.Herein,a novel strategy is reported for the rational design of highly loaded Co ASACs(CoN_(1)C_(2)/C_(2)N)immobilized on three-dimensional flower-like C_(2)N using an in situ-generated carbon defect method.In particular,the asymmetrically tricoordinated CoN_(1)C_(2)/C_(2)N exhibited excellent catalytic activity for sulfachloropyridazine degradation,with a turnover frequency of 36.8 min^(–1).Experimental results and theoretical calculations revealed that the electron spin state of the Co-active sites was transferred from the low-spin configuration(t_(2g)^(6)e_(g)^(1))to the high-spin configuration(t_(2g)^(5)e_(g)^(2))owing to asymmetric coordination.The high-spin Co 3d orbital in CoN_(1)C_(2)/C_(2)N possessed more unpaired electrons and therefore,had a strong ability to gain electrons from the O 2p orbitals of HSO_(5)^(–),boosting d-p orbital hybridization.More importantly,the spin-electron filling in theσ^(*)orbital of high-spin Co 3d−O 2p accelerated the desorption of^(*)SO_(5)•^(−),which acted as a rate-limiting step in the reaction,thus facilitating more^(1)O_(2)generation.This study provides an innovative synthetic route for practical ASACs and clarifies the critical relationship between structure and spin state,paving the way for advancements in environmental remediation and energy conversion applications.展开更多
The configuration of a hybrid energy storage system(HESS)plays a pivotal role in mitigating wind power fluctuations and enabling primary frequency regulation,thereby enhancing the active power support capability of wi...The configuration of a hybrid energy storage system(HESS)plays a pivotal role in mitigating wind power fluctuations and enabling primary frequency regulation,thereby enhancing the active power support capability of wind power integration systems.However,most existing studies on HESS capacity configuration overlook the selfrecovery control of the state of charge(SOC),creating challenges in sustaining capacity during long-term operation.This omission can impair frequency regulation performance,increase capacity requirements,and shorten battery lifespan.To address these challenges,this study proposes a bi-level planning–operation capacity configuration model that explicitly incorporates SOC self-recovery control.In the operation layer,a variable-baseline charging/discharging strategy is developed to restore SOC by balancing positive and negative energy over a 24-h period,with the goal of maximizing daily operational benefits.In the planning layer,the annualized net life-cycle cost of the HESS isminimized by configuring storage capacity based on feedback fromthe operation layer.Thetwo layers operate iteratively to achieve coordinated optimization of capacity sizing and control strategy.Case study results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.Compared with a configuration without considering SOC self-recovery,the proposed approach reduces the 1-min wind power fluctuation rate to 3.53%,lowers the mean squared frequency error to 0.000084,and decreases the annualized net life-cycle cost by 545,000 CNY/MWh.展开更多
The mechanical behaviour of Titanium-based Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs)reinforced with Kevlar,Jute and the novel woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat were evaluated through tensile,flexural,Charpy impact,and drop-weight tests.T...The mechanical behaviour of Titanium-based Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs)reinforced with Kevlar,Jute and the novel woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat were evaluated through tensile,flexural,Charpy impact,and drop-weight tests.The FMLs were fabricated with various stacking configurations(2/1,3/2,4/3,and 5/4)to examine their influence on mechanical properties.Kevlar-reinforced laminates consistently demonstrated superior tensile and flexural strengths,with the highest tensile strength of 772 MPa observed in the 3/2 configuration,attributed to Kevlar's excellent load-bearing capacity.Jute-reinforced laminates exhibited lower performance due to poor bonding and early delamination,while the FMLs reinforced with woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat achieved a balance between mechanical strength and cost-effectiveness by attaining a tensile strength of 718 MPa in the 3/2 configuration.Impact energy absorption results revealed that Kevlar-reinforced FMLs provided the highest energy absorption under Charpy tests,reaching 13.5 J in the 3/2 configuration.The 4/3 configu ration exhibited superior resistance under drop-weight impacts,absorbing 104.7 J of energy.Failure analysis using SEM revealed key mechanisms such as fiber debonding,delamination,and fiber pull-out,with increased severity observed in laminates with a higher number of fiber-epoxy layers,especially in the 5/4 configuration.This study highlights the potential of Kevlar-Jute hybrid fiber-reinforced FMLs for applications requiring high mechanical performance and impact resistance.Future research should explore advanced surface treatments and the environmental durability of these laminates for aerospace and automotive applications.展开更多
To address local concrete damage in joint areas at the footing of prefabricated assembled self-centering bridge piers(PASPs)in seismic design,a damage transfer configuration(DTC)was proposed,based on the bridge pier s...To address local concrete damage in joint areas at the footing of prefabricated assembled self-centering bridge piers(PASPs)in seismic design,a damage transfer configuration(DTC)was proposed,based on the bridge pier structure configuration and the mechanism of local damage formation.Integrating the DTC into the PASP,numerical models of a previous experimental reference PASP and a PASP with damage transfer configuration(DTPASP)were established using the finite element software ABAQUS with a concrete damage plasticity(CDP)model.The models were then compared with experimental results regarding damage distribution,hysteresis curves,energy dissipation capacity,the joint opening degree,and residual displacement.The findings indicate that the finite element model developed in this study can well reflect the experimental results of the reference PASP.The incorporation of the DTC proved to be beneficial in preserving structural integrity,bearing capacity,and the functionality of the core structure of bridge piers following an earthquake.Meanwhile,this addition did not exert a significant influence on the seismic behavior of the core structure of the bridge pier.展开更多
The accurate estimation of lithium battery state of health(SOH)plays an important role in the health management of battery systems.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of SOH,this paper proposes a stochastic co...The accurate estimation of lithium battery state of health(SOH)plays an important role in the health management of battery systems.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of SOH,this paper proposes a stochastic configuration network based on a multi-converged black-winged kite search algorithm,called SBKA-CLSCN.Firstly,the indirect health index(HI)of the battery is extracted by combining it with Person correlation coefficients in the battery charging and discharging cycle point data.Secondly,to address the problem that the black-winged kite optimization algorithm(BKA)falls into the local optimum problem and improve the convergence speed,the Sine chaotic black-winged kite search algorithm(SBKA)is designed,which mainly utilizes the Sine mapping and the golden-sine strategy to enhance the algorithm’s global optimality search ability;secondly,the Cauchy distribution and Laplace regularization techniques are used in the SCN model,which is referred to as CLSCN,thereby improving the model’s overall search capability and generalization ability.Finally,the performance of SBKA and SBKA-CLSCN is evaluated using eight benchmark functions and the CALCE battery dataset,respectively,and compared in comparison with the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)model and the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)model,and the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the SBKA-CLSCN algorithm.展开更多
Anion exchange membrane fuel cells(AEMFCs)are considered a more affordable technology compared to proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),but the performance and durability of AEMFCs are still not competent with P...Anion exchange membrane fuel cells(AEMFCs)are considered a more affordable technology compared to proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),but the performance and durability of AEMFCs are still not competent with PEMFCs owing to the more challenging water management,which severely hinders its development and real-life applications.In this study,we introduce the strategy to boost the performance and stability of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA)of AEMFCs by regulating the hydrophilicity of the anode and cathode ionomers.Two poly(biphenyl alkylene)ionomers with different hydrophilicity are synthesized and used to fabricate MEAs with asymmetric or symmetric ionomer configurations in the anodic and cathodic catalyst layers(CLs)for AEMFCs.Molecular dynamics(MD)simulations have revealed different diffusion rates of water in the hydrophobic anode and the hydrophilic cathode,which show the potential of this design to improve water management in AEMFCs,The effectiveness of this design is also confirmed by experimental results that the MEA with this asymmetric configuration exhibits the highest power and current densities of 1.58 W cm^(-2)or 5.58 A cm^(-2),respectively,among all configurations.Furthermore,this configuration also enhances the durability,with the MEA showing a voltage decay rate of only 313.1μV h^(-1)after 500 h of in-situ durability test at 0.2 A cm^(-2).This study provides new insights into the rational design of more efficient water management in MEA for high-performance AEMFCs.展开更多
With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role i...With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role in the camouflaging effect. Based on the concept of cost-effectiveness ratio, according to the newly formulated Johnson criterion and the view of discovery and destruction, this paper proposes to take the identification probability as the probability of being destroyed and uses mathematical formulas to calculate the cost of a single use decoy. On this basis, a cost-effectiveness ratio model is established, with the product of the increase in the survival probability of the target and the cost of the target as the benefit, and the sum of the product of the probability of being destroyed and the cost of the decoy and the cost of a single use as the consumption cost. The model is calculated and analyzed, and the number of decoys that conform to the actual situation is obtained.展开更多
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0403305)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101845)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0105000)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04).
文摘Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition,which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth.Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization,support crop morphological development and increase yield.Here,a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans.Of three row-spacing configurations(40-40,20-40,and 20-60 cm)and two planting densities(normal 180,000 plants ha 1 and high 270,000 plants ha 1).The differences in canopy structure,plant morphological development,photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed.Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance(CT).The 20-60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment,in which plant height is reduced,while branching is promoted.This approach reduces plant competition,optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant,specific leaf area,leaf area development rate,leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices(F_(v)/F_(m),ETR,P_(n)).The significant increase of 11.9%-34.2%in canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP)is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT,an important contributing factor to yield increases.The yield in the 20-60 cm treatment is 4.0%higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density,but 5.9%under high density,primarily driven by CAP and pod number.These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants,promote source-sink transformation in soybeans,and further improve yield.In practice,a 20-60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52167013)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(24JRRA225)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(23JRRA891).
文摘In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways High-Speed 5 Electric Multiple Unit and proposed a mathematical model and capacity optimization method for an onboard energy storage system using lithium batteries and supercapacitors as storage media.Firstly,considering the electrical characteristics,weight,and volume of the storage media,a mathematical model of the energy storage system was established.Secondly,to tackle problems related to energy consumption and power quality,an energy management strategy was proposed that comprehensively considers peak shaving and valley filling and power quality by controlling the charge/discharge thresholds of the storage system.Thecapacity optimization adopted a bilevel programming model,with the series/parallel number of storage modules as variables,considering constraints imposed by the Direct Current to Direct Current converter,train load,and space.An improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and linear programming solver were used to solve specific cases.The results show that the proposed onboard energy storage system can effectively achieve energy savings,reduce consumption,and improve power qualitywhile meeting the load and space limitations of the train.
文摘Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(HAP NPs)were synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method.The surface of HAP NPs was grafted-SH and-COOH chelating groups via in situ surface‐modification with iminodiacetic acid(IDA)and 3‐mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane(MPS)to afford dual surface‐capped nano‐amendment HAPIDA/MPS.The structure of HAP‐IDA/MPS was characterized,and its adsorption performance for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)was evaluated.The total adsorption capacity of 0.10 g HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment for Hg^(2+),Cu^(2+),Zn^(2+),Ni^(2+),Co^(2+),and Cd^(2+)with an initial mass concentration of 20 mg·L^(-1) reached 13.7 mg·g^(-1),about 4.3 times as much as that of HAP.Notably,HAP‐IDA/MPS nano‐amendment displayed the highest immobilization rate for Hg^(2+),possibly because of its chemical reaction with-SH to form sulfide,possessing the lowest solubility product constant among a variety of metal sulfides.
基金supported in part by the National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave(Grant Nos.HTKJ2022KL504009 and HTKJ2022KL5040010).
文摘With the increase in the quantity and scale of Static Random-Access Memory Field Programmable Gate Arrays (SRAM-based FPGAs) for aerospace application, the volume of FPGA configuration bit files that must be stored has increased dramatically. The use of compression techniques for these bitstream files is emerging as a key strategy to alleviate the burden on storage resources. Due to the severe resource constraints of space-based electronics and the unique application environment, the simplicity, efficiency and robustness of the decompression circuitry is also a key design consideration. Through comparative analysis current bitstream file compression technologies, this research suggests that the Lempel Ziv Oberhumer (LZO) compression algorithm is more suitable for satellite applications. This paper also delves into the compression process and format of the LZO compression algorithm, as well as the inherent characteristics of configuration bitstream files. We propose an improved algorithm based on LZO for bitstream file compression, which optimises the compression process by refining the format and reducing the offset. Furthermore, a low-cost, robust decompression hardware architecture is proposed based on this method. Experimental results show that the compression speed of the improved LZO algorithm is increased by 3%, the decompression hardware cost is reduced by approximately 60%, and the compression ratio is slightly reduced by 0.47%.
基金co-supported by the Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerodynamic Design and Research,China(No.614220121020114)the Key R&D Projects of Hunan Province,China(No.2023GK2022)。
文摘The design of wide-range high-efficiency aerodynamic configurations is one of the most important key technologies in the research of near-space hypersonic vehicles.A double-sided intake configuration with different inlets on the upper and lower surfaces is proposed to adapt to widerange flight.Firstly,the double-sided intake configuration’s design method and flight profile are delineated.Secondly,Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation based on multi-Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)parallel computing is adopted to evaluate the vehicle’s performance comprehensively,aiming to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme.This evaluation encompasses a wide-range basic aerodynamic characteristics,inlet performance,and heat flux at critical locations.The results show that the inlets of the designed integration configuration can start up across Mach number 3.5 to 8.The vehicle possesses multi-point cruising capability by flipping the fuselage.Simultaneously,a 180°rotation of the fuselage can significantly decrease the heat accumulation on the lower surface of the vehicle,particularly at the inlet lip,further decreasing the temperature gradient across the vehicle structure.This study has some engineering value for the aerodynamic configuration design of wide-range vehicles.However,further study reveals that the flow phenomena at the intersection of two inlets are complex,posing potential adverse impacts on propulsion efficiency.Therefore,it is imperative to conduct additional research to delve into this matter comprehensively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52100032 and 52350005)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou(Nos.2024A04J3679, 2024A03J0088)+2 种基金the Introduced Innovative Research and Development Team Project under the“The Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program”of Guangdong Province(No.2019ZT08L387)the Special Basic Research Fund for Central Public Research Institutes of China(No.PMzx703-202204-152)the Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology(No.2023B1212060016).
文摘The introduction of metal single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)are effective approaches to mod-ify electronic configuration of semiconductors,whereas recognizing the synergistic effects of metal SAs and NPs are still challenging in photocatalytic water purification.Herein,a general strategy is achieved by subsequentially anchoring Fe SAs and Fe NPs in graphitic carbon nitride.The modification of Fe SAs and Fe NPs improves the energy band structure and constructs a gradient charge polarization,directly expanding the optical absorption range and facilitating the efficient separation and transfer of charge car-riers.With the assistance of the gradient charge polarization,pollutants are readily oxidated by h+,which strengthens the continuous reduction of O2 on Fe NPs for pollutant oxidation in water.This work rein-forces the synergistic effect of SAs and NPs on electronic configuration modulation at the atomic level,which exhibits great potential for the construction of an efficient and sustainable water purification sys-tem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52325402,52274057,and 52074340the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2023YFB4104200+2 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of CNOOC under Grant CCL2022RCPS0397RSN111 Project under Grant B08028China Scholarship Council under Grant 202306450108.
文摘This study introduces a novel approach to addressing the challenges of high-dimensional variables and strong nonlinearity in reservoir production and layer configuration optimization.For the first time,relational machine learning models are applied in reservoir development optimization.Traditional regression-based models often struggle in complex scenarios,but the proposed relational and regression-based composite differential evolution(RRCODE)method combines a Gaussian naive Bayes relational model with a radial basis function network regression model.This integration effectively captures complex relationships in the optimization process,improving both accuracy and convergence speed.Experimental tests on a multi-layer multi-channel reservoir model,the Egg reservoir model,and a real-field reservoir model(the S reservoir)demonstrate that RRCODE significantly reduces water injection and production volumes while increasing economic returns and cumulative oil recovery.Moreover,the surrogate models employed in RRCODE exhibit lightweight characteristics with low computational overhead.These results highlight RRCODE's superior performance in the integrated optimization of reservoir production and layer configurations,offering more efficient and economically viable solutions for oilfield development.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 21701083 and 22179054)Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(BZ2023010)2023 Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies.
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have recently gained wildly interest due to the abundance of sodium,lower production costs,and better low-temperature performance compared to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Among various cathode materials of SIBs,O_(3)-type NaNi_(0.4)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.4)O_(2)(NFM424)demonstrates high capacity and ease of synthesis,yet suffers from structural degradation and sluggish Na^(+)kinetics caused by large ionic radius and strong electrostatic interactions.To overcome these issues,a configuration strategy combined with TiO_(2) and Co_(3)O_(4) by a simple solid-state reaction method was introduced to improve structural and electrochemical stability.XRD,SEM,TEM,and various electrochemical characterizations as well as TGA/DSC tests were conducted.The resulting NaNi_(0.4)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.05)Ti_(0.05)O_(2)(NFMCT)cathode mitigated Jahn-Teller distortions and Na^(+)/vacancy ordering while enhancing phase integrity and diffusion pathways.The obtained NFMCT maintained 93.7 mAh·g^(−1) after 550 cycles at 1 C,with superior rate capabilities at 2 C and 5 C.These findings deepen the understanding of configuration strategy by using multi-element oxide and highlight a practical strategy for designing high-performance SIB cathodes.
基金This work was supported by Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project and the Optimization of Exergy Efficiency of a Hybrid Energy Storage System with Crossover Control for Wind Power(2023JQ04).
文摘This paper presents a new capacity planning method that utilizes the complementary characteristics of wind and solar power output.It addresses the limitations of relying on a single metric for a comprehensive assessment of complementarity.To enable more accurate predictions of the optimal wind-solar ratio,a comprehensive complementarity rate is proposed,which allows for the optimization of wind-solar capacity based on this measure.Initially,the Clayton Copula function is employed to create a joint probability distribution model for wind and solar power,enabling the calculation of the comprehensive complementarity rate.Following this,a joint planning model is developed to enhance the system’s economy and reliability.The goal is to minimize total costs,load deficit rates,and curtailment rates by applying an ImprovedMulti-Objective Particle SwarmOptimization algorithm(IMOPSO).Results show that when the proportion of wind power reaches 70%,the comprehensive complementarity rate is optimized.This optimization leads to a 14.83%reduction in total costs and a 9.27%decrease in curtailment rates.Compared to existing studies,this paper offers a multidimensional analysis of the relationship between the comprehensive complementarity rate and the optimal wind-solar ratio,thereby improving predictive accuracy and providing a valuable reference for research on the correlation between wind and solar power.
基金supported by a Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52337004.
文摘In response to the issue of determining the appropriate capacity when hybrid energy storage systems(HESS)collaborate with thermal power units(TPU)in the system’s secondary frequency regulation,a configuration method for HESS based on the analysis of frequency regulation demand analysis is proposed.And a corresponding simulation platform is developed.Firstly,a frequency modulation demand method for reducing the frequency modulation losses of TPU is proposed.Secondly,taking into comprehensive consideration that flywheel energy storage features rapid power response and battery energy storage has the characteristic of high energy density,a coordinated control strategy for HESS considering the self-recovery of state of charge(SOC)is put forward.Then,to measure the economic and technical performance of HESS in assisting the secondary frequency modulation of TPU,an optimized configurationmodel considering the full-life-cycle economy and frequency modulation performance of TPU and HESS system is constructed.Finally,a visual simulation platform for the combined frequency modulation of TPU and HESS is developed based on Matlab Appdesigner.Theresults of calculation examples indicate that the proposed configuration method can improve the overall economic efficiency and frequency modulation performance of TPU and HESS;The control strategy can not only prolong the service life of battery energy storage but also enhance the continuous response ability of HESS;The visual simulation platform is easy to use,and the simulation results are accurate and reliable.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52375028,52205040)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.E2024203052,E2024203105)Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(Grant No.QN2023206).
文摘Origami mechanisms are extensively employed in various engineering applications due to their exceptional folding performance and deformability.The key to designing origami mechanisms lies in the design of the creases.The crease design is often derived from experience and inspiration,so it is crucial to have a systematic approach to crease design.In this paper,a novel synthesis approach based on graph theory is proposed,which effectively addresses the challenge of designing the creases in origami mechanisms.The essence of this method lies in the acquisition of the double symmetrical crease pattern through the directed graph product operation of two subgraphs.The crease pattern can be simplified by employing a technique that eliminates certain creases while preserving the non-isomorphism and symmetry of the pattern.An improved mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to achieve an automatic distribution of the peak_valley creases of the origami.The proposed method ultimately generates 12 unique double symmetrical crease patterns.The new method proposed in this paper,through systematic design,significantly improves the efficiency of mechanism design while opening up broad prospects for exploring new mechanism structures,thereby greatly expanding its application potential in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace engineering and intelligent robots.
基金Chongqing Institute of Engineering 2023 Education Teaching Reform Research Project,“Exploration of Teaching Methods Reform of Plant Configuration and Landscape Architecture Curriculum under Digital Technology”(Project No.:JY2023214)Chongqing Institute of Engineering 2023 First-class Curriculum Construction Project,“Plant Configuration and Landscape Architecture”(Project No.:KC20230103)。
文摘By analyzing the urgent demand for digital talents in the current landscape industry and the challenges faced by the traditional teaching mode,this study aims to explore a set of teaching methodology reform solutions based on digital technology to improve the quality of teaching and enhance the practical innovation ability of students.The study firstly describes the application of digital technologies such as CAD/BIM,3D modelling and rendering,virtual reality(VR)/augmented reality(AR),and geographic information system(GIS)in the field of landscape architecture.Then,the current teaching status of plant configuration and landscape architecture courses is analyzed,and the advantages and challenges of digital technology applications are identified.On this basis,this study proposes a multi-dimensional reform path and practice plan including the reconstruction of teaching objectives and content,innovation of teaching mode,improvement of teaching strategies and methods,as well as the construction of teaching resources and the reform of teaching evaluation,guided by modern educational theories such as constructivism,collaborative learning and project-based learning(PBL).Finally,this study emphasizes the key roles of faculty construction,optimization of hardware and software environment,and teaching management and institutional guarantee in the reform.
基金Supported by China Agriculture(Cotton)Research System(CARS-15-46)Intellectual Aid Xinjiang Innovation and Expansion Talent Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024500207).
文摘[Objectives]To provide a reference for the promotion of appropriate row spacing configuration modes for cotton planting in the Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang.[Methods]Xinluzao 63 was employed as the research subject to examine the effects of three different configuration modes:three rows with one film,four rows with one film,and six rows with one film,on the growth and development of cotton,as well as on yield and the amount of residual film in the field.[Results]In comparison to the configuration modes of four rows with one film and six rows with one film,the development process in the row spacing configuration mode of three rows with one film was accelerated by 1-4 d.This configuration mode exhibited variability in several agronomic traits,particularly in plant height,the number of fruiting branches per plant,and the number of leaves per plant,with the observed trend indicating T3>T2>T1.Conversely,the height of the first fruiting branch node displayed an inverse trend.In terms of yield composition,no significant differences were observed in boll weight and yield among various configuration modes.However,T3 exhibited the highest boll weight at 5.68 g and a yield of 462.67 kg/667 m 2.Additionally,significant differences were noted in harvesting density and the number of bolls per plant.T3 demonstrated the lowest harvesting density at 1.11×104 plants/666.7 m 2,the highest number of bolls per plant at 8.63,and the highest boll opening rate at 97.48%.Furthermore,T3 also resulted in the least amount of agricultural film residue during the current season.[Conclusions]Among the three planting configuration modes examined,the low-density planting configuration mode consisting of three rows and one film demonstrated a significant advantage at the individual plant level.This approach yielded results comparable to those of the high density planting configuration mode while also reducing costs.Furthermore,low density planting positively influenced the cotton boll opening rate,leading to a decreased amount of residual film and promoting ecological health within the agricultural land.
文摘Asymmetric single-atom catalysts(ASACs)have attracted much attention owing to their excellent catalytic properties.However,the relationship between asymmetric coordination and the spin states of metal sites remains unclear.Additionally,the modulation of reactive oxygen species in Fenton-like reactions remains challenging.Herein,a novel strategy is reported for the rational design of highly loaded Co ASACs(CoN_(1)C_(2)/C_(2)N)immobilized on three-dimensional flower-like C_(2)N using an in situ-generated carbon defect method.In particular,the asymmetrically tricoordinated CoN_(1)C_(2)/C_(2)N exhibited excellent catalytic activity for sulfachloropyridazine degradation,with a turnover frequency of 36.8 min^(–1).Experimental results and theoretical calculations revealed that the electron spin state of the Co-active sites was transferred from the low-spin configuration(t_(2g)^(6)e_(g)^(1))to the high-spin configuration(t_(2g)^(5)e_(g)^(2))owing to asymmetric coordination.The high-spin Co 3d orbital in CoN_(1)C_(2)/C_(2)N possessed more unpaired electrons and therefore,had a strong ability to gain electrons from the O 2p orbitals of HSO_(5)^(–),boosting d-p orbital hybridization.More importantly,the spin-electron filling in theσ^(*)orbital of high-spin Co 3d−O 2p accelerated the desorption of^(*)SO_(5)•^(−),which acted as a rate-limiting step in the reaction,thus facilitating more^(1)O_(2)generation.This study provides an innovative synthetic route for practical ASACs and clarifies the critical relationship between structure and spin state,paving the way for advancements in environmental remediation and energy conversion applications.
基金supported by Graduate Research and Innovation Program Project of Nanjing Institute of Technology(No.TB202517022).
文摘The configuration of a hybrid energy storage system(HESS)plays a pivotal role in mitigating wind power fluctuations and enabling primary frequency regulation,thereby enhancing the active power support capability of wind power integration systems.However,most existing studies on HESS capacity configuration overlook the selfrecovery control of the state of charge(SOC),creating challenges in sustaining capacity during long-term operation.This omission can impair frequency regulation performance,increase capacity requirements,and shorten battery lifespan.To address these challenges,this study proposes a bi-level planning–operation capacity configuration model that explicitly incorporates SOC self-recovery control.In the operation layer,a variable-baseline charging/discharging strategy is developed to restore SOC by balancing positive and negative energy over a 24-h period,with the goal of maximizing daily operational benefits.In the planning layer,the annualized net life-cycle cost of the HESS isminimized by configuring storage capacity based on feedback fromthe operation layer.Thetwo layers operate iteratively to achieve coordinated optimization of capacity sizing and control strategy.Case study results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.Compared with a configuration without considering SOC self-recovery,the proposed approach reduces the 1-min wind power fluctuation rate to 3.53%,lowers the mean squared frequency error to 0.000084,and decreases the annualized net life-cycle cost by 545,000 CNY/MWh.
基金the aid of Research and Development Fund-Seed Money provided by Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology。
文摘The mechanical behaviour of Titanium-based Fiber Metal Laminates(FMLs)reinforced with Kevlar,Jute and the novel woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat were evaluated through tensile,flexural,Charpy impact,and drop-weight tests.The FMLs were fabricated with various stacking configurations(2/1,3/2,4/3,and 5/4)to examine their influence on mechanical properties.Kevlar-reinforced laminates consistently demonstrated superior tensile and flexural strengths,with the highest tensile strength of 772 MPa observed in the 3/2 configuration,attributed to Kevlar's excellent load-bearing capacity.Jute-reinforced laminates exhibited lower performance due to poor bonding and early delamination,while the FMLs reinforced with woven(Kevlar+Jute)fiber mat achieved a balance between mechanical strength and cost-effectiveness by attaining a tensile strength of 718 MPa in the 3/2 configuration.Impact energy absorption results revealed that Kevlar-reinforced FMLs provided the highest energy absorption under Charpy tests,reaching 13.5 J in the 3/2 configuration.The 4/3 configu ration exhibited superior resistance under drop-weight impacts,absorbing 104.7 J of energy.Failure analysis using SEM revealed key mechanisms such as fiber debonding,delamination,and fiber pull-out,with increased severity observed in laminates with a higher number of fiber-epoxy layers,especially in the 5/4 configuration.This study highlights the potential of Kevlar-Jute hybrid fiber-reinforced FMLs for applications requiring high mechanical performance and impact resistance.Future research should explore advanced surface treatments and the environmental durability of these laminates for aerospace and automotive applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51408359,52278527 and 52478536。
文摘To address local concrete damage in joint areas at the footing of prefabricated assembled self-centering bridge piers(PASPs)in seismic design,a damage transfer configuration(DTC)was proposed,based on the bridge pier structure configuration and the mechanism of local damage formation.Integrating the DTC into the PASP,numerical models of a previous experimental reference PASP and a PASP with damage transfer configuration(DTPASP)were established using the finite element software ABAQUS with a concrete damage plasticity(CDP)model.The models were then compared with experimental results regarding damage distribution,hysteresis curves,energy dissipation capacity,the joint opening degree,and residual displacement.The findings indicate that the finite element model developed in this study can well reflect the experimental results of the reference PASP.The incorporation of the DTC proved to be beneficial in preserving structural integrity,bearing capacity,and the functionality of the core structure of bridge piers following an earthquake.Meanwhile,this addition did not exert a significant influence on the seismic behavior of the core structure of the bridge pier.
文摘The accurate estimation of lithium battery state of health(SOH)plays an important role in the health management of battery systems.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of SOH,this paper proposes a stochastic configuration network based on a multi-converged black-winged kite search algorithm,called SBKA-CLSCN.Firstly,the indirect health index(HI)of the battery is extracted by combining it with Person correlation coefficients in the battery charging and discharging cycle point data.Secondly,to address the problem that the black-winged kite optimization algorithm(BKA)falls into the local optimum problem and improve the convergence speed,the Sine chaotic black-winged kite search algorithm(SBKA)is designed,which mainly utilizes the Sine mapping and the golden-sine strategy to enhance the algorithm’s global optimality search ability;secondly,the Cauchy distribution and Laplace regularization techniques are used in the SCN model,which is referred to as CLSCN,thereby improving the model’s overall search capability and generalization ability.Finally,the performance of SBKA and SBKA-CLSCN is evaluated using eight benchmark functions and the CALCE battery dataset,respectively,and compared in comparison with the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)model and the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)model,and the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the SBKA-CLSCN algorithm.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4004700)。
文摘Anion exchange membrane fuel cells(AEMFCs)are considered a more affordable technology compared to proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),but the performance and durability of AEMFCs are still not competent with PEMFCs owing to the more challenging water management,which severely hinders its development and real-life applications.In this study,we introduce the strategy to boost the performance and stability of the membrane electrode assembly(MEA)of AEMFCs by regulating the hydrophilicity of the anode and cathode ionomers.Two poly(biphenyl alkylene)ionomers with different hydrophilicity are synthesized and used to fabricate MEAs with asymmetric or symmetric ionomer configurations in the anodic and cathodic catalyst layers(CLs)for AEMFCs.Molecular dynamics(MD)simulations have revealed different diffusion rates of water in the hydrophobic anode and the hydrophilic cathode,which show the potential of this design to improve water management in AEMFCs,The effectiveness of this design is also confirmed by experimental results that the MEA with this asymmetric configuration exhibits the highest power and current densities of 1.58 W cm^(-2)or 5.58 A cm^(-2),respectively,among all configurations.Furthermore,this configuration also enhances the durability,with the MEA showing a voltage decay rate of only 313.1μV h^(-1)after 500 h of in-situ durability test at 0.2 A cm^(-2).This study provides new insights into the rational design of more efficient water management in MEA for high-performance AEMFCs.
文摘With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role in the camouflaging effect. Based on the concept of cost-effectiveness ratio, according to the newly formulated Johnson criterion and the view of discovery and destruction, this paper proposes to take the identification probability as the probability of being destroyed and uses mathematical formulas to calculate the cost of a single use decoy. On this basis, a cost-effectiveness ratio model is established, with the product of the increase in the survival probability of the target and the cost of the target as the benefit, and the sum of the product of the probability of being destroyed and the cost of the decoy and the cost of a single use as the consumption cost. The model is calculated and analyzed, and the number of decoys that conform to the actual situation is obtained.
