A rapid method to determine glutamic acid (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by capillaryelectrophoresis with high frequency conductivity detection (contactless conductivity detection) wasdescribed. The CSF sample was...A rapid method to determine glutamic acid (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by capillaryelectrophoresis with high frequency conductivity detection (contactless conductivity detection) wasdescribed. The CSF sample was pretreated with silver cation resin to remove high concentration ofCl- ions in CSF. The separation was achieved in the buffer solution of 10 mmol/L Tris and 8mmol/L boric acid at the separation voltage of 20.0 kV. Glu showed linear response in the range of5.0×10-6 to 6.0×10-3 mol/L, the limit of detection was 1.0×10-6 mol/L. The method was used foranalysis Glu in CSF satisfactorily with a recovery of 97.8-98.8%.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Vitis heyneana cultivation on rocky hillsides on the variation of soil fertility,so as to provide theoretical support for economic development and the...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Vitis heyneana cultivation on rocky hillsides on the variation of soil fertility,so as to provide theoretical support for economic development and the control of rocky desertification in the Dashi mountainous area.[Methods]Taking V.heyneana planting base in Luocheng County,Hechi City,Guangxi Province as the research object,the methods of field investigation,regular sampling and experimental analysis were used to analyze seasonal variations of soil urease,sucrase and soil alkaline phosphatase activity of 15 different sample plots surveyed,and their correlation with soil physical and chemical properties was analyzed.[Results]①In general,sucrase,urease and alkaline phosphatase were lower in summer and autumn,and higher in spring and winter,and the performance of the activity of the three enzymes was inconsistent.Among them,the activity of sucrase was in order of spring>autumn>summer>winter,and the activity of urease and alkaline phosphatase showed an order of winter>spring>summer>autumn.②The seasonal variations of soil fertility in different sample plots were affected by various factors such as human disturbance,climate change,vegetation coverage,topography and landforms,cultivation and management measures,and although the change laws in different sample plots were different,the seasonal differences in soil fertility in the same place were extremely significant.③If the influence of artificial fertilization factors is excluded,the planting of V.heyneana on rocky hillsides will cause a significant decrease in soil enzyme activity,that is,a significant decrease in soil fertility.[Conclusions]Related issues such as the effects of planting V.heyneana on the variation of soil fertility in rocky hillsides should arouse necessary attention of management departments and producers.展开更多
Grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.)is one of the most economically and culturally important perennial fruit crops in the world for fresh consumption and wine production.Virus disease is one of the most important diseases in ...Grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.)is one of the most economically and culturally important perennial fruit crops in the world for fresh consumption and wine production.Virus disease is one of the most important diseases in grape.It is difficult to control and causes great harm to grapevine physiology and significant economic losses in grape production(Endeshaw et al.,2014;Montero et al.,2016b;Wang et al.,2023;Yang et al.,2024).More than 80viruses have been reported to infect grapevines worldwide,and more than 20 grapevine viruses have been reported in China(Umer et al.,2019;Fan et al.,2020).Grapevine leafroll disease(GLD)is one of the most widespread and economically damaging viral diseases in grapevine around the world,and it can cause an30%-40%yield reduction per hectare without any control measures(Atallah et al.,2012).GLD is caused by a complex of virus species named grapevine leafroll-associated viruses(GLRaVs),among which GLRaV-3 is the most prevalent and economically important virus(Ling et al.,2004;Naidu et al.,2014;Martelli,2017).GLRaV-3 infection can impact vine growth,yield,berry weight,and fruit quality of some grapevine cultivars(Vega et al.,2011;Endeshaw et al.,2014;Alabi et al.,2016;Montero et al.,2016a,2016b;Cabaleiro et al.,2021;Lee et al.,2023).In addition to GLRaVs,other viruses have also been found to adversely affect grape growth and fruit quality.For example,Grapevine red blotchassociated virus(GRBV)can compromise crop yield and berry chemical composition,delay ripening,and damage the flavor and aroma properties of must and wine(Blanco-Ulate et al.,2017).展开更多
Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics,but also in altered reproductive mechanisms.Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphr...Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics,but also in altered reproductive mechanisms.Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphroditic mating system,which makes the reproductive system more efficient.In consequence and the fact that it is one of the oldest and most economically important cultivated plants,Vitis vinifera could be defined as an over-domesticated species.Here we review some key aspects in viticulture.The main areas of interest have remained consistent throughout history,including the origin and characterisation of cultivars,resistance to environmental con-ditions,pests and pathogens,and berry quality.Advances in genomic analysis and epigenetics shed new light on these aspects.Although the vine has a long and complex life cycle,recent haplotype sequencing techniques allow genomic characteristics related to different reproduction processes to be identified.Recent work on haplotype sequencing reveals genomic changes accompanying each reproductive type,providing improved detail about the sex-determining region(SDR).Meanwhile,the application of epigenetic analysis offers new tools for defining varietal characteristics and their responses to changing environmental conditions.However,critical issues,such as differentiating between sylvestris and feral cultivars,remain unclear.Understanding the molecular basis of morphological differences and investigating the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and genome dynamics in response to breeding and environmental factors in this species will be crucial.Seed morphology could help to resolve how to differentiate between wild and feral plants.展开更多
Stilbenes,a natural plant phytoalexin,are involved in the plant's response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in its environment.STILBENE SYNTHASE(STS)is the key enzyme regulating resveratrol synthesis in grap...Stilbenes,a natural plant phytoalexin,are involved in the plant's response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in its environment.STILBENE SYNTHASE(STS)is the key enzyme regulating resveratrol synthesis in grapevine.However,the regulatory mechanism of STS gene expression remains unclear.In this study,we reported a NAC transcription factor,VqNAC17,in Vitis quinquangularis,which can improve plant resistance to salt stress,drought stress,and Pseudomonas syringae pv.Tomato DC3000(Pst DC3000)in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.Additionally,the interaction between the transcription factors VqNAC17 and VqMYB15 was confrmed using yeast two-hybrid and BiFC.In transgenic A.thaliana,VqNAC17 participates in plant immunity through interaction with VqMYB15 to affect the stilbene synthesis.Furthermore,the experimental results of the yeast one-hybrid assay and LUC transient expression assay found that VqNAC17 can also bind to the promoter of VqMYB15.These results indicate that VqNAC17 is a key regulator that can promote the expression of STS by interacting with VqMYB15.展开更多
Climate change is significantly altering viticultural practices worldwide,with profound implications for the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds that determine wine’s sensory and health properties.This review summ...Climate change is significantly altering viticultural practices worldwide,with profound implications for the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds that determine wine’s sensory and health properties.This review summarizes the effects of climate change,particularly rising temperatures,shifting precipitation patterns,and altered light conditions-on polyphenol synthesis in Vitis amurensis(V.amurensis)grapes from Northeast China,the country’s highest-latitude wine region.Key findings reveal that:(1)Temperature increases accelerate phenological stages but differentially impact polyphenols,suppressing anthocyanins and flavonols while promoting tannins;(2)Precipitation variability induces water stress that can enhance anthocyanin content under moderate drought but reduce quality during extreme events;(3)Declining sunshine duration may limit polyphenol production,though certain cultivars(e.g.,Beibinghong)exhibit adaptability to low light conditions.The region’s unique climatic trends-stronger winter warming and reduced summer precipitation-paradoxically offer potential benefits by extending the growing season while minimizing heat stress during critical ripening periods.It is highlighted how V.amurensis,with its cold hardiness and naturally high polyphenol content(notably anthocyanins and resveratrol),could become increasingly valuable under climate change.However,strategic adaptation through cultivar selection,vineyard management,and stress-responsive breeding will be critical to maintain wine quality.This synthesis provides a framework for understanding climate-polyphenol dynamics in cool-climate viticulture and outlines research priorities to safeguard the future of Northeast China’s distinctive wine industry.展开更多
Aim Isolation and structural elucidation of the constituents from the aerial part of Vitis thunbergii . Methods To isolate chemical constituents, column chromatography and HPLC were used. Physico chemical ...Aim Isolation and structural elucidation of the constituents from the aerial part of Vitis thunbergii . Methods To isolate chemical constituents, column chromatography and HPLC were used. Physico chemical characterization and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural identification. Results Eleven polyphenols were isolated and identified. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound and its structure was characterized to be 3,5 dimethoxyl 4 hydroxyl phenylpropanol 9 O β D glycopyranoside.展开更多
基金This project was supported by the Guangdong Provincial Foundation of Natural Science(021808)
文摘A rapid method to determine glutamic acid (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by capillaryelectrophoresis with high frequency conductivity detection (contactless conductivity detection) wasdescribed. The CSF sample was pretreated with silver cation resin to remove high concentration ofCl- ions in CSF. The separation was achieved in the buffer solution of 10 mmol/L Tris and 8mmol/L boric acid at the separation voltage of 20.0 kV. Glu showed linear response in the range of5.0×10-6 to 6.0×10-3 mol/L, the limit of detection was 1.0×10-6 mol/L. The method was used foranalysis Glu in CSF satisfactorily with a recovery of 97.8-98.8%.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(GKZ 0832273)Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas in Northwest Guangxi(XZF[2016]91)+1 种基金High-level Talent Research Startup Fund of Hechi University(XJ2018GKQ016)Undergraduate Innovation and Enterpreneurship Training Program of Guangxi(201810605086).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Vitis heyneana cultivation on rocky hillsides on the variation of soil fertility,so as to provide theoretical support for economic development and the control of rocky desertification in the Dashi mountainous area.[Methods]Taking V.heyneana planting base in Luocheng County,Hechi City,Guangxi Province as the research object,the methods of field investigation,regular sampling and experimental analysis were used to analyze seasonal variations of soil urease,sucrase and soil alkaline phosphatase activity of 15 different sample plots surveyed,and their correlation with soil physical and chemical properties was analyzed.[Results]①In general,sucrase,urease and alkaline phosphatase were lower in summer and autumn,and higher in spring and winter,and the performance of the activity of the three enzymes was inconsistent.Among them,the activity of sucrase was in order of spring>autumn>summer>winter,and the activity of urease and alkaline phosphatase showed an order of winter>spring>summer>autumn.②The seasonal variations of soil fertility in different sample plots were affected by various factors such as human disturbance,climate change,vegetation coverage,topography and landforms,cultivation and management measures,and although the change laws in different sample plots were different,the seasonal differences in soil fertility in the same place were extremely significant.③If the influence of artificial fertilization factors is excluded,the planting of V.heyneana on rocky hillsides will cause a significant decrease in soil enzyme activity,that is,a significant decrease in soil fertility.[Conclusions]Related issues such as the effects of planting V.heyneana on the variation of soil fertility in rocky hillsides should arouse necessary attention of management departments and producers.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(Grant No.CARS-29-bc-1)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(Grant No.2024-MS-237)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-2021-RIP-05)。
文摘Grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.)is one of the most economically and culturally important perennial fruit crops in the world for fresh consumption and wine production.Virus disease is one of the most important diseases in grape.It is difficult to control and causes great harm to grapevine physiology and significant economic losses in grape production(Endeshaw et al.,2014;Montero et al.,2016b;Wang et al.,2023;Yang et al.,2024).More than 80viruses have been reported to infect grapevines worldwide,and more than 20 grapevine viruses have been reported in China(Umer et al.,2019;Fan et al.,2020).Grapevine leafroll disease(GLD)is one of the most widespread and economically damaging viral diseases in grapevine around the world,and it can cause an30%-40%yield reduction per hectare without any control measures(Atallah et al.,2012).GLD is caused by a complex of virus species named grapevine leafroll-associated viruses(GLRaVs),among which GLRaV-3 is the most prevalent and economically important virus(Ling et al.,2004;Naidu et al.,2014;Martelli,2017).GLRaV-3 infection can impact vine growth,yield,berry weight,and fruit quality of some grapevine cultivars(Vega et al.,2011;Endeshaw et al.,2014;Alabi et al.,2016;Montero et al.,2016a,2016b;Cabaleiro et al.,2021;Lee et al.,2023).In addition to GLRaVs,other viruses have also been found to adversely affect grape growth and fruit quality.For example,Grapevine red blotchassociated virus(GRBV)can compromise crop yield and berry chemical composition,delay ripening,and damage the flavor and aroma properties of must and wine(Blanco-Ulate et al.,2017).
文摘Grapevine is unique among crops because its domestication resulted not only in new morphological characteristics,but also in altered reproductive mechanisms.Viticulture involves a change from a dioecious to a hermaphroditic mating system,which makes the reproductive system more efficient.In consequence and the fact that it is one of the oldest and most economically important cultivated plants,Vitis vinifera could be defined as an over-domesticated species.Here we review some key aspects in viticulture.The main areas of interest have remained consistent throughout history,including the origin and characterisation of cultivars,resistance to environmental con-ditions,pests and pathogens,and berry quality.Advances in genomic analysis and epigenetics shed new light on these aspects.Although the vine has a long and complex life cycle,recent haplotype sequencing techniques allow genomic characteristics related to different reproduction processes to be identified.Recent work on haplotype sequencing reveals genomic changes accompanying each reproductive type,providing improved detail about the sex-determining region(SDR).Meanwhile,the application of epigenetic analysis offers new tools for defining varietal characteristics and their responses to changing environmental conditions.However,critical issues,such as differentiating between sylvestris and feral cultivars,remain unclear.Understanding the molecular basis of morphological differences and investigating the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and genome dynamics in response to breeding and environmental factors in this species will be crucial.Seed morphology could help to resolve how to differentiate between wild and feral plants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970348 and 31600256)the International Scientifc and Technological Cooperation Projects of Shaanxi Province,China(2022KW-45)+1 种基金the Young Academic Talent Support Program of Northwest Universitythe Xi’an Agriculture Technology Research General Project,China(24NYGG0088)。
文摘Stilbenes,a natural plant phytoalexin,are involved in the plant's response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in its environment.STILBENE SYNTHASE(STS)is the key enzyme regulating resveratrol synthesis in grapevine.However,the regulatory mechanism of STS gene expression remains unclear.In this study,we reported a NAC transcription factor,VqNAC17,in Vitis quinquangularis,which can improve plant resistance to salt stress,drought stress,and Pseudomonas syringae pv.Tomato DC3000(Pst DC3000)in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.Additionally,the interaction between the transcription factors VqNAC17 and VqMYB15 was confrmed using yeast two-hybrid and BiFC.In transgenic A.thaliana,VqNAC17 participates in plant immunity through interaction with VqMYB15 to affect the stilbene synthesis.Furthermore,the experimental results of the yeast one-hybrid assay and LUC transient expression assay found that VqNAC17 can also bind to the promoter of VqMYB15.These results indicate that VqNAC17 is a key regulator that can promote the expression of STS by interacting with VqMYB15.
文摘Climate change is significantly altering viticultural practices worldwide,with profound implications for the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds that determine wine’s sensory and health properties.This review summarizes the effects of climate change,particularly rising temperatures,shifting precipitation patterns,and altered light conditions-on polyphenol synthesis in Vitis amurensis(V.amurensis)grapes from Northeast China,the country’s highest-latitude wine region.Key findings reveal that:(1)Temperature increases accelerate phenological stages but differentially impact polyphenols,suppressing anthocyanins and flavonols while promoting tannins;(2)Precipitation variability induces water stress that can enhance anthocyanin content under moderate drought but reduce quality during extreme events;(3)Declining sunshine duration may limit polyphenol production,though certain cultivars(e.g.,Beibinghong)exhibit adaptability to low light conditions.The region’s unique climatic trends-stronger winter warming and reduced summer precipitation-paradoxically offer potential benefits by extending the growing season while minimizing heat stress during critical ripening periods.It is highlighted how V.amurensis,with its cold hardiness and naturally high polyphenol content(notably anthocyanins and resveratrol),could become increasingly valuable under climate change.However,strategic adaptation through cultivar selection,vineyard management,and stress-responsive breeding will be critical to maintain wine quality.This synthesis provides a framework for understanding climate-polyphenol dynamics in cool-climate viticulture and outlines research priorities to safeguard the future of Northeast China’s distinctive wine industry.
文摘Aim Isolation and structural elucidation of the constituents from the aerial part of Vitis thunbergii . Methods To isolate chemical constituents, column chromatography and HPLC were used. Physico chemical characterization and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural identification. Results Eleven polyphenols were isolated and identified. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound and its structure was characterized to be 3,5 dimethoxyl 4 hydroxyl phenylpropanol 9 O β D glycopyranoside.
