Agriculture received most direct influences from climate changes. Because of climate changes, agricultural climate resources changed and thus influenced climate adaptability of agricultural products. The growth and ou...Agriculture received most direct influences from climate changes. Because of climate changes, agricultural climate resources changed and thus influenced climate adaptability of agricultural products. The growth and output of crops were finally affected. The calculation method and application of agricultural products in recent years were summarized. Several questions about the response of agricultural crops to climate elements were proposed for attention.展开更多
Agricultural pests cause enormous losses in annual agricultural production.Understanding the evolutionary responses and adaptive capacity of agricultural pests under climate change is crucial for establishing sustaina...Agricultural pests cause enormous losses in annual agricultural production.Understanding the evolutionary responses and adaptive capacity of agricultural pests under climate change is crucial for establishing sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural pest management.In this study,we integrate climate modeling and landscape genomics to investigate the distributional dynamics of the cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera)in the adaptation to local environments and resilience to future climate change.Notably,the predicted inhabitable areas with higher suitability for the cotton bollworm could be eight times larger in the coming decades.Climate change is one of the factors driving the dynamics of distribution and population differentiation of the cotton bollworm.Approximately 19,000 years ago,the cotton bollworm expanded from its ancestral African population,followed by gradual occupations of the European,Asian,Oceanian,and American continents.Furthermore,we identify seven subpopulations with high dispersal and adaptability which may have an increased risk of invasion potential.Additionally,a large number of candidate genes and SNPs linked to climatic adaptation were mapped.These findings could inform sustainable pest management strategies in the face of climate change,aiding future pest forecasting and management planning.展开更多
The survival and mortality of conifer trees in response to climate change,particularly drought stress,have received considerable attention.However,it is crucial to explore the growth dynamics of the same conifer speci...The survival and mortality of conifer trees in response to climate change,particularly drought stress,have received considerable attention.However,it is crucial to explore the growth dynamics of the same conifer species in response to climate change in different climatic habitats.In this study,we aimed to quantify variations in the radial growth processes of conifer species,analyze their resilience during drought periods under different climatic habitats,and assess the impact of climate adaptation on conifer growth.We focused on two conifer species,Picea crassifolia(spruce)and Pinus tabuliformis(pine),which are distributed in both a humid habitat and a dry habitat in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.Growth and resilience dynamics were identified across both climatic habitats and the contributions of temperature and moisture to the growth of the two species were simulated under drought stress using the VS-oscilloscope model.Spruce growth exhibited significant variability between climatic habitats.Specifically,the spruce growth rate declined in response to drought in the dry habitat(-0.91 cm^(2)per decade,p<0.01).In contrast,pine growth remained relatively stable(humid habitat:-0.03 cm^(2)per decade;dry habitat:0.25 cm^(2)per decade,p>0.01),although it still responded to stress during the growing season(p<0.05).Furthermore,spruce displayed reduced resistance during stress in dry habitats(-30.11%),while pine exhibited an enhanced recovery of growth rates to ensure survival(+39.62%).The climate adaptation strategies of the species were linked to the contribution of temperature and moisture to their growth rates.Moisture is critical for the growth recovery of both conifers in dry habitats when temperature-associated growth displays a‘bimodal’pattern during the growing season.These findings have significant ecological implications for understanding conifer forest processes in the context of global climate change.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to choose appropriate floating plant in the wetland in the north China.[Method] Pistia stratiotes L.,Eichhornia crassipes,and Hydrocharis dubia（Bl.） Backer were planted in the aquatic biologi...[Objective] The aim was to choose appropriate floating plant in the wetland in the north China.[Method] Pistia stratiotes L.,Eichhornia crassipes,and Hydrocharis dubia（Bl.） Backer were planted in the aquatic biological pool of constructed subsurface flow wetland system in the reservoir.Through filed investigation,the growth of the three kinds of plants was studied and their adaptability to the northern climate was concluded.[Result] Judging from the growth speed and state of the three kinds of floating plants,the biological characteristic of Pistia stratiotes L.can perfectly adapt the environment in the pool in the reservoir,followed by the Eichhornia crassipes.The growth state of the Hydrocharis dubia（Bl.） Backer was the worst one and it can not adapt to the north environment.[Conclusion] It provided references for the choice of artificial floating plant in the north area.展开更多
Subtropical forest in China has received much attention due to its complex geologic environment and bioclimatic heterogeneity.There have been very few studies addressing which climatic factors have shaped both distrib...Subtropical forest in China has received much attention due to its complex geologic environment and bioclimatic heterogeneity.There have been very few studies addressing which climatic factors have shaped both distribution patterns and niche differentiation of species from this region.It also remains unclear whether phylogenetic niche conservatism retains in plant species from this biodiversityrich subtropical region in China.In this study,we used geographic occurrence records and bioclimatic factors of Prunus dielsiana(Rosaceae),a wild cherry species,combined with the classical ENM-based DIVA-GIS software to access contemporary distribution and richness patterns of its natural populations.The current distribution of P.dielsiana occupied a relatively wide range but exhibited an uneven pattern eastward in general,and the core distribution zone of its populations are projected to concentrate in the Wushan and Wuling Mountain ranges of western China.Hydrothermic variables,particularly the Temperature Seasonality(bio4)are screened out quantitatively to be the most influential factors that have shaped the current geographical patterns of P.dielsiana.By comparison with other sympatric families,climatic niche at regional scale showed a pattern of phylogenetic niche conservatism within cherry species of Ros aceae.The effect of habitat filtering from altitude is more significant than those of longitude and latitude.We conclude that habitat filtering dominated by limiting hydrothermic factors is the primary driving process of the diversity pattern of P.dielsiana in subtropical China.展开更多
Taking the bottom grey space with great influence on outdoor thermal comfort as the research object,this paper summarizes the morphological characteristics and climate response methods of two types of bottom grey spac...Taking the bottom grey space with great influence on outdoor thermal comfort as the research object,this paper summarizes the morphological characteristics and climate response methods of two types of bottom grey space:overhead grey space and canopy grey space.The spatial form indexes that greatly affect the ecological performance of architectural grey space such as ventilation,shading,etc.are discussed,and two passive spatial form indexes of spatial scale and location orientation are studied.According to the research of related scholars and literature summary,the optimization strategies for passive form design of architectural grey space based on climate adaptability are put forward,which will provide a reference for the climate adaptive design of architectural grey space,and helps to improve the outdoor thermal environment from the micro scale and create a better living environment.展开更多
Urban underutilized spaces,often the secondary by-products of large infrastructure projects,are often overlooked,despite their potential to enhance city life.With meaningful design interventions,these neglected areas ...Urban underutilized spaces,often the secondary by-products of large infrastructure projects,are often overlooked,despite their potential to enhance city life.With meaningful design interventions,these neglected areas can be transformed into inclusive public environments that offer social,environmental,and cultural value.This research investigates how modular,temporary installations beneath Toronto’s Gardiner Expressway,in Canada,can enhance thermal comfort and foster community engagement during the shoulder seasons.Using a multi-step methodology,including literature review,thermal comfort guidelines,site-specific climate analysis,and precedent studies,the research identifies key design strategies tailored to the unique microclimatic and social conditions of under-bridge spaces.The study culminates in the proposal of a flexible system of movable panels that provide wind protection,solar control,and opportunities for gathering,interaction,and rest.By reimagining these unnoticed infrastructure zones as adaptable,climate-responsive public spaces,this research contributes to sustainable urban design and highlights the importance of design strategies that address the challenges of a warming and increasingly variable climate.展开更多
Modular floating structures(MFS)offer a sustainable pathway towards the expansion of coastal cities in adaptation tofilooding and sea level rise driven by climate change.It is therefore necessary to develop analytical...Modular floating structures(MFS)offer a sustainable pathway towards the expansion of coastal cities in adaptation tofilooding and sea level rise driven by climate change.It is therefore necessary to develop analytical methods easily accessible to architects or structural engineers for the rapid prototyping of MFS designs.This work develops novel closed‑form expressions describing the rigid body dynamics of symmetrically loaded rectangular pontoons across all six degrees of freedom(DOF)excited by surface waves approaching from any arbitrary direction.The derivations were based on Airy wave theory assuming frequency‑independent added mass and damping.When benchmarked against numerical solutions from ANSYS/AQWA for two MFS prototypes,the analytical approach proved capable of predicting the response amplitude operators(RAO)across all DOFs,wave directions,and structural confiigurations.However,while the response of mass‑dominated DOFs(surge,sway,and yaw)were well captured,the damping ratio for stiffness‑dominated DOFs(heave,roll,and pitch)must be judiciously selected to yield accurate RAO results.A parametric investigation further elucidated the contribution of structural geometry and wave directionality on the critical accelerations experienced by an idealizedfiloating structure founded upon a square pontoon under realistic sea states.It was discovered that the largest accelerations were triggered by waves approaching orthogonally to the pontoon.Ultimately,this work facilitates a more streamlined approach for the dynamic analysis of compliantfiloating bodies to supplement detailed modeling efforts via numerical methods.展开更多
This study analyzes the causes and effects of climate change in the upper Niger River basin and the implementation of local adaptation strategies based on EMS(Environmental Management Systems).It aims to strengthen ec...This study analyzes the causes and effects of climate change in the upper Niger River basin and the implementation of local adaptation strategies based on EMS(Environmental Management Systems).It aims to strengthen ecological resilience and sustainable natural resource management practices through training,awareness-raising,and community participation.The work was conducted in three rural communes in the Kissidougou prefecture,located in the Faranah administrative region.Data collection and analysis tools included questionnaires,GPS devices,digital devices,laptops,and Excel and SPSS software.The methodology employed a participatory and multidisciplinary approach combining a literature review,surveys of 163 respondents,semi-structured interviews with 16 key informants,training for 218 technical staff and local elected officials(30%of whom were women),and awareness-raising activities for 1,800 participants in local languages.Five community forests covering 443.58 hectares were integrated into management plans,concerted,under the coordination of the NGO APARFE.The results show an increase in average temperature(+0.8°C since 1960),a decrease in rainfall(-5.3 mm/month),and increased vulnerability of populations dependent on agriculture.The integration of the EMS(Environmental Management System)has led to improvements in environmental governance,community forest management,awareness of sustainable agricultural practices,and the inclusion of women(51%of participants).In short,the EMS is an effective tool for strengthening community resilience and environmental sustainability.展开更多
The environmental and economic difficulties arising from climate change affect developing world rural populations with increasing intensity.However,the traditional knowledge serves as a major means for understanding c...The environmental and economic difficulties arising from climate change affect developing world rural populations with increasing intensity.However,the traditional knowledge serves as a major means for understanding climate change adaptation processes in Kogi State’s rural populace while contributing to policy frameworks and climate messaging strategies.Correspondingly,this study examines how traditional knowledge supports rural communities during climate change adaptation and it examines the performance of communication methods for weaving indigenous understanding into adaptation procedures.The study was anchored on the Indigenous Knowledge Systems(IKS)Theory according to which the knowledge of indigenous people is considered to be valid and culturally grounded and sustainable instrument of environmental adaptation.It employed surveys by obtaining data from 246 participants in nine(three each from the senatorial districts)rural communities of Kogi State.The analysis focused on 246 responses collected during this research.The finding showed that local weather predictions systems,agricultural traditions,as well as traditional soil preservation methods,are popular and applied by the rural population with high confidence rates to overcome changes in climate.These are community practices,and are still part of the local adaptation strategies.It is also revealed in the study that conventional forms of communication-storytelling,use of indigenous languages,and incorporation of traditional leaders are moderately useful in persuasion of climate adaptation,although there is little reparation of government when it comes to development of communication tactics.The respondents confirmed that it is important to combine the traditional knowledge with suitable formal policy.The study concludes that to become effective and culturally responsive,climate policies and related communication strategies should include participatory approaches of traditional knowledge systems.Its outcomes can be used significantly by policymakers,development practitioners,and climate communication professionals to establish resilient and inclusive adaptation channels in Nigeria and other related settings.展开更多
Climate change presents a critical global challenge,threatening human well-being,ecosystems,economies,and societies.While mitigation efforts remain essential and critically important,the growing urgency of climate imp...Climate change presents a critical global challenge,threatening human well-being,ecosystems,economies,and societies.While mitigation efforts remain essential and critically important,the growing urgency of climate impacts necessitates immediate and effective adaptation measures.Effective adaptation strategies require advanced modeling tools with higher resolution,integration of ecosystem and social dynamics,and the ability to assess diverse adaptation scenarios.Local-scale models,which are performed at the scale of an administrative region,a country,or a specified region,are particularly valuable as they can incorporate specific adaptation measures and generate precise,contextspecific insights.These models play a key role in formulating tailored climate adaptation strategies and action plans.This paper explores the significance and challenges in developing such models,emphasizing the pressing need to accelerate their advancement.We call on the scientific community and policymakers to prioritize the development of tailored local-scale modeling tools and services to enhance resilience and better support adaptive responses to the complex and evolving challenges posed by climate change and rapid urbanization at the local level.展开更多
Climate change is significantly altering viticultural practices worldwide,with profound implications for the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds that determine wine’s sensory and health properties.This review summ...Climate change is significantly altering viticultural practices worldwide,with profound implications for the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds that determine wine’s sensory and health properties.This review summarizes the effects of climate change,particularly rising temperatures,shifting precipitation patterns,and altered light conditions-on polyphenol synthesis in Vitis amurensis(V.amurensis)grapes from Northeast China,the country’s highest-latitude wine region.Key findings reveal that:(1)Temperature increases accelerate phenological stages but differentially impact polyphenols,suppressing anthocyanins and flavonols while promoting tannins;(2)Precipitation variability induces water stress that can enhance anthocyanin content under moderate drought but reduce quality during extreme events;(3)Declining sunshine duration may limit polyphenol production,though certain cultivars(e.g.,Beibinghong)exhibit adaptability to low light conditions.The region’s unique climatic trends-stronger winter warming and reduced summer precipitation-paradoxically offer potential benefits by extending the growing season while minimizing heat stress during critical ripening periods.It is highlighted how V.amurensis,with its cold hardiness and naturally high polyphenol content(notably anthocyanins and resveratrol),could become increasingly valuable under climate change.However,strategic adaptation through cultivar selection,vineyard management,and stress-responsive breeding will be critical to maintain wine quality.This synthesis provides a framework for understanding climate-polyphenol dynamics in cool-climate viticulture and outlines research priorities to safeguard the future of Northeast China’s distinctive wine industry.展开更多
Tropical forests,critical for global carbon storage and biodiversity,are failing to adapt at the pace required by accelerating climate change.A comprehensive study by Aguirre-Gutiérrez et al.(Science 387:eadi5414...Tropical forests,critical for global carbon storage and biodiversity,are failing to adapt at the pace required by accelerating climate change.A comprehensive study by Aguirre-Gutiérrez et al.(Science 387:eadi5414,2025)analyzing four decades of data from 415 forest plots and 250,000 trees across the Americas reveals significant mismatches between functional trait shifts(e.g.,leaf area,wood density,photosynthetic capacity)and climatic pressures.Survivor trees tracked climatic changes at less than 8%of the necessary rate,while recruits achieved only 22%,leaving ecosystems increasingly vulnerable.Lowland forests exhibited stronger trait responses compared to nutrient-limited montane forests,but neither aligned with future climate projections.By 2100,projected temperature rises(~4℃)and precipitation declines(~20%)may push forests into“no-analog”climates,surpassing adaptive thresholds.These lags threaten carbon sequestration,biodiversity,and ecosystem stability,underscoring the urgent need for emissions reduction,conservation of climate refugia,and assisted migration strategies to mitigate irreversible biome transitions.展开更多
Groundwater overextraction and contamination by heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic have resultedin ecological degradation and increased risks of renal disease,particularly in water-scarce regions.To address thes...Groundwater overextraction and contamination by heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic have resultedin ecological degradation and increased risks of renal disease,particularly in water-scarce regions.To address thesechallenges,this review aimed to evaluate the ecological potential of dew water harvesting as a sustainable and safealternative water source.Literature published between 2000 and 2024 was systematically searched in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar using the terms“dew water,”“atmospheric water harvesting,”“groundwaterpollution,”“heavy metals,”“ecosystem restoration,”and“sustainable water systems.”Studies were included if theyfocused on dew water quality,ecological functions,or health-related outcomes,while non-English publications,conference abstracts without full text,and studies not directly addressing dew water were excluded.A total of 46 studiesand 7 official guidelines met the eligibility criteria.Findings indicate that natural dew water generally exhibits a neutralpH(6.5–8.5),negligible concentrations of heavy metals,and relatively high dissolved oxygen content(~9 mg/L).Casestudies from Morocco,Israel,China,and India illustrate its contributions to soil moisture retention,plant survival,biodiversity support,and microclimate regulation.Moreover,dew water produced through the Systemized Dew Process(SDP)consistently complied with WHO(2024)standards for drinking water,showing contaminant levels belowdetection thresholds.In conclusion,dew water harvesting represents a low-impact,climate-resilient,and safe alternativethat mitigates exposure to nephrotoxic pollutants,reduces reliance on overexploited groundwater,and enhances longtermecological restoration and water security in degraded and water-scarce environments.展开更多
Managed Aquifer Recharge(MAR)is a strategic approach to artificially replenishing groundwater supplies and has become an integral component of global water resource management.The number of MAR projects has steadily i...Managed Aquifer Recharge(MAR)is a strategic approach to artificially replenishing groundwater supplies and has become an integral component of global water resource management.The number of MAR projects has steadily increased in recent decades,yet many have failed to achieved their intended outcomes,underscoring the complexity of project implementation.This review is dedicated to examine existing research and reports on MAR performance and impacts,aiming to establish objective criteria for gauging the success and identify key factors influencing the effectiveness of MAR project.Five critical performance factors have been identified as major determinants of MAR performance:aquifer transmissivity,vertical permeability,availability of recharge water,recharge water quality,and aquifer thickness,geometry and boundary conditions.These factors are directly related to project success and significantly shape MAR outcomes.In addition,this review explores research-based strategies to improve MAR success,including cutting-edge methodologies,technological innovations,and integrated management approaches to address key challenges.The ultimate goal is to foster more efficient,effective,and sustainable MAR practices,thereby enhancing the resilience and sustainability of water resource management.展开更多
The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a tra...The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a transformative pathway for climate change adaptation and peacebuilding, with emphasis on a holistic approach to managing resource conflicts and environmental challenges. This paper explores the synergies between emerging technologies and strategic framework to mitigate climate-induced tensions and foster resilience. It focuses on the application of renewable energy systems to reduce dependence on contested resources, blockchain technology to ensure transparency in climate finance, equitable resource allocation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance early warning systems for climate-related disaster and conflicts. Additionally, technologies such as precision agriculture and remote sensing empower communities to optimize resource use, adapt to shifting environmental conditions, and reduce competition over scares resources. These innovations with inclusive governance and local capacity-building are very primordial. Ultimately, the convergence of technology, policy, and local participation offers a scalable and replicable model for addressing the dual challenges of environmental degradation and instability, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and peaceful future.展开更多
While climate change impacts on ancient societies are well-documented,their adaptation mechanisms remain poorly understood.This study examines ancient Chinese architecture,specifically focusing on the abrupt decline i...While climate change impacts on ancient societies are well-documented,their adaptation mechanisms remain poorly understood.This study examines ancient Chinese architecture,specifically focusing on the abrupt decline in the use of projecting arms in bracket sets during the cold period from the 3rd to 6th centuries—a phenomenon known as the“Six Dynasties Bracket Mystery”—to explore how architectural forms responded to climatic shifts.Based on an analysis of approximately 250 cases of quasi-architectural evidence,we identify a five-stage variation in the presence ratio of projecting arms over approximately 700 years,beginning in the early 1st century.By integrating this quantitative variation with high-resolution paleoclimate reconstructions and experimental analysis,this study demonstrates that climate change,particularly the abrupt cooling events during the 3rd–6th centuries,altered the functional requirements of building eaves,leading to the decline of projecting arms.Our study provides a reasonable explanation for the longstanding puzzle concerning bracket sets in ancient Chinese architectural research,emphasizing environmental adaptation rather than aesthetic or technological considerations.It also highlights architectural adaptation as a material expression of human responses to climate change,offering insights into the interplay between climate,socio-historical context,and architecture in ancient China.展开更多
IN his video speech to the United Nations Climate Summit held in New York on September 24,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced China’s new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDC)—the efforts taken by each country...IN his video speech to the United Nations Climate Summit held in New York on September 24,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced China’s new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDC)—the efforts taken by each country to reduce their emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.展开更多
The important contributions of urban trees and green spaces to for example,climate moderation and public health have been recognized.This paper discusses guidelines and norms that promote the benefi ts of viewing gree...The important contributions of urban trees and green spaces to for example,climate moderation and public health have been recognized.This paper discusses guidelines and norms that promote the benefi ts of viewing green,living amongst green,and having easy access to green spaces for recreational use.Having trees and other vegetation in sight from one’s home,place of work,or school has important mental health and performance benefi ts.Local tree canopy cover is positively associated with cooling and other aspects of climate moderation.With public green spaces in proximity to one’s home stimulates regular use of these areas and results in positive impacts on mental,physical,and social health.After analyzing existing guidelines and rules for urban green space planning and provision,a new,comprehensive guideline is presented,known as the‘3–30–300 rule’for urban forestry.This guideline aims to provide equitable access to trees and green spaces and their benefi ts by setting the thresholds of having at least 3 well-established trees in view from every home,school,and place of work,no less than a 30%tree canopy in every neighbourhood;and no more than 300 m to the nearest public green space from every residence.Current implementation of this new guideline is discussed,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using this evidence-based but also clear and simple rules.展开更多
Passive house has been constructed in China on a large-scale over the past couple years for its great energy saving potential.However,research indicates that there is a significant discrepancy in energy performance fo...Passive house has been constructed in China on a large-scale over the past couple years for its great energy saving potential.However,research indicates that there is a significant discrepancy in energy performance for heating and cooling between passive houses in different climate zones.Therefore,this research develops a comparative analysis on the energy saving potential of passive houses with the conventional around China.A sensitivity analysis of thermal characteristics of building envelope(insulation of exterior walls and windows,and airtightness)on energy consumption is further carried out to improve the climate adaptability of passive house.Moreover,the variation of energy consumption under different heat gain intensity is also compared,to evaluate the effects of envelope thermal characteristics comprehensively.Results suggest that the decrease of exterior wall insulation leads to the greatest increase in energy consumption,especially in severe cold zone in China.However,the optimal insulation may change with the internal heat gain intensity,for instance,the decrease of insulation(from 0.4 to 1.0 W/(m^(2)·K))could reduce the energy consumption by 4.65 kW·h/(m^(2)·a)when the heat gain increases to 20 W/m^(2)for buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter zone in China.展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Meteorology) (201106020)China Meteorological BureauClimate Changes Special Fund (CCSF-09-12)
文摘Agriculture received most direct influences from climate changes. Because of climate changes, agricultural climate resources changed and thus influenced climate adaptability of agricultural products. The growth and output of crops were finally affected. The calculation method and application of agricultural products in recent years were summarized. Several questions about the response of agricultural crops to climate elements were proposed for attention.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372546)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD20180411143628272)+1 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and STI 2030-Major Projects(2022ZD04021)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2200700)。
文摘Agricultural pests cause enormous losses in annual agricultural production.Understanding the evolutionary responses and adaptive capacity of agricultural pests under climate change is crucial for establishing sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural pest management.In this study,we integrate climate modeling and landscape genomics to investigate the distributional dynamics of the cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera)in the adaptation to local environments and resilience to future climate change.Notably,the predicted inhabitable areas with higher suitability for the cotton bollworm could be eight times larger in the coming decades.Climate change is one of the factors driving the dynamics of distribution and population differentiation of the cotton bollworm.Approximately 19,000 years ago,the cotton bollworm expanded from its ancestral African population,followed by gradual occupations of the European,Asian,Oceanian,and American continents.Furthermore,we identify seven subpopulations with high dispersal and adaptability which may have an increased risk of invasion potential.Additionally,a large number of candidate genes and SNPs linked to climatic adaptation were mapped.These findings could inform sustainable pest management strategies in the face of climate change,aiding future pest forecasting and management planning.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42371038)the Basic Research Innovation Group Project of Gansu Province(No.22JR5RA129)+1 种基金the 2022 Major Scientific Research Project Cultivation Program of Northwest Normal University(No.WNU-LKZD2022-04)the 2022 Northwest Normal University Graduate Research Grant Program(No.2022KYZZ-B066).
文摘The survival and mortality of conifer trees in response to climate change,particularly drought stress,have received considerable attention.However,it is crucial to explore the growth dynamics of the same conifer species in response to climate change in different climatic habitats.In this study,we aimed to quantify variations in the radial growth processes of conifer species,analyze their resilience during drought periods under different climatic habitats,and assess the impact of climate adaptation on conifer growth.We focused on two conifer species,Picea crassifolia(spruce)and Pinus tabuliformis(pine),which are distributed in both a humid habitat and a dry habitat in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.Growth and resilience dynamics were identified across both climatic habitats and the contributions of temperature and moisture to the growth of the two species were simulated under drought stress using the VS-oscilloscope model.Spruce growth exhibited significant variability between climatic habitats.Specifically,the spruce growth rate declined in response to drought in the dry habitat(-0.91 cm^(2)per decade,p<0.01).In contrast,pine growth remained relatively stable(humid habitat:-0.03 cm^(2)per decade;dry habitat:0.25 cm^(2)per decade,p>0.01),although it still responded to stress during the growing season(p<0.05).Furthermore,spruce displayed reduced resistance during stress in dry habitats(-30.11%),while pine exhibited an enhanced recovery of growth rates to ensure survival(+39.62%).The climate adaptation strategies of the species were linked to the contribution of temperature and moisture to their growth rates.Moisture is critical for the growth recovery of both conifers in dry habitats when temperature-associated growth displays a‘bimodal’pattern during the growing season.These findings have significant ecological implications for understanding conifer forest processes in the context of global climate change.
基金Supported by National Water Special Project"River Water Environment Comprehensive Management Technology Study and Comprehensive demonstration"(2008ZX07209-002-002)China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Open Fund(IWHRKF201013)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to choose appropriate floating plant in the wetland in the north China.[Method] Pistia stratiotes L.,Eichhornia crassipes,and Hydrocharis dubia（Bl.） Backer were planted in the aquatic biological pool of constructed subsurface flow wetland system in the reservoir.Through filed investigation,the growth of the three kinds of plants was studied and their adaptability to the northern climate was concluded.[Result] Judging from the growth speed and state of the three kinds of floating plants,the biological characteristic of Pistia stratiotes L.can perfectly adapt the environment in the pool in the reservoir,followed by the Eichhornia crassipes.The growth state of the Hydrocharis dubia（Bl.） Backer was the worst one and it can not adapt to the north environment.[Conclusion] It provided references for the choice of artificial floating plant in the north area.
基金funded by the Three New Forestry Project of Jiangsuthe Forestry Technological Innovation and Promotion Program of Jiangsu Province+1 种基金the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Provincethe Doctorate Fellowship Foundation of Nanjing Forestry University,grant number,LYSX[2015]17,LYKJ[2018]29 and KYCX17-0815,respectively。
文摘Subtropical forest in China has received much attention due to its complex geologic environment and bioclimatic heterogeneity.There have been very few studies addressing which climatic factors have shaped both distribution patterns and niche differentiation of species from this region.It also remains unclear whether phylogenetic niche conservatism retains in plant species from this biodiversityrich subtropical region in China.In this study,we used geographic occurrence records and bioclimatic factors of Prunus dielsiana(Rosaceae),a wild cherry species,combined with the classical ENM-based DIVA-GIS software to access contemporary distribution and richness patterns of its natural populations.The current distribution of P.dielsiana occupied a relatively wide range but exhibited an uneven pattern eastward in general,and the core distribution zone of its populations are projected to concentrate in the Wushan and Wuling Mountain ranges of western China.Hydrothermic variables,particularly the Temperature Seasonality(bio4)are screened out quantitatively to be the most influential factors that have shaped the current geographical patterns of P.dielsiana.By comparison with other sympatric families,climatic niche at regional scale showed a pattern of phylogenetic niche conservatism within cherry species of Ros aceae.The effect of habitat filtering from altitude is more significant than those of longitude and latitude.We conclude that habitat filtering dominated by limiting hydrothermic factors is the primary driving process of the diversity pattern of P.dielsiana in subtropical China.
基金General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(8202017)Youth Talent Support Program of 2018 Beijing Municipal University Academic Human Resources Development(PXM2018_014212_000043)。
文摘Taking the bottom grey space with great influence on outdoor thermal comfort as the research object,this paper summarizes the morphological characteristics and climate response methods of two types of bottom grey space:overhead grey space and canopy grey space.The spatial form indexes that greatly affect the ecological performance of architectural grey space such as ventilation,shading,etc.are discussed,and two passive spatial form indexes of spatial scale and location orientation are studied.According to the research of related scholars and literature summary,the optimization strategies for passive form design of architectural grey space based on climate adaptability are put forward,which will provide a reference for the climate adaptive design of architectural grey space,and helps to improve the outdoor thermal environment from the micro scale and create a better living environment.
文摘Urban underutilized spaces,often the secondary by-products of large infrastructure projects,are often overlooked,despite their potential to enhance city life.With meaningful design interventions,these neglected areas can be transformed into inclusive public environments that offer social,environmental,and cultural value.This research investigates how modular,temporary installations beneath Toronto’s Gardiner Expressway,in Canada,can enhance thermal comfort and foster community engagement during the shoulder seasons.Using a multi-step methodology,including literature review,thermal comfort guidelines,site-specific climate analysis,and precedent studies,the research identifies key design strategies tailored to the unique microclimatic and social conditions of under-bridge spaces.The study culminates in the proposal of a flexible system of movable panels that provide wind protection,solar control,and opportunities for gathering,interaction,and rest.By reimagining these unnoticed infrastructure zones as adaptable,climate-responsive public spaces,this research contributes to sustainable urban design and highlights the importance of design strategies that address the challenges of a warming and increasingly variable climate.
文摘Modular floating structures(MFS)offer a sustainable pathway towards the expansion of coastal cities in adaptation tofilooding and sea level rise driven by climate change.It is therefore necessary to develop analytical methods easily accessible to architects or structural engineers for the rapid prototyping of MFS designs.This work develops novel closed‑form expressions describing the rigid body dynamics of symmetrically loaded rectangular pontoons across all six degrees of freedom(DOF)excited by surface waves approaching from any arbitrary direction.The derivations were based on Airy wave theory assuming frequency‑independent added mass and damping.When benchmarked against numerical solutions from ANSYS/AQWA for two MFS prototypes,the analytical approach proved capable of predicting the response amplitude operators(RAO)across all DOFs,wave directions,and structural confiigurations.However,while the response of mass‑dominated DOFs(surge,sway,and yaw)were well captured,the damping ratio for stiffness‑dominated DOFs(heave,roll,and pitch)must be judiciously selected to yield accurate RAO results.A parametric investigation further elucidated the contribution of structural geometry and wave directionality on the critical accelerations experienced by an idealizedfiloating structure founded upon a square pontoon under realistic sea states.It was discovered that the largest accelerations were triggered by waves approaching orthogonally to the pontoon.Ultimately,this work facilitates a more streamlined approach for the dynamic analysis of compliantfiloating bodies to supplement detailed modeling efforts via numerical methods.
文摘This study analyzes the causes and effects of climate change in the upper Niger River basin and the implementation of local adaptation strategies based on EMS(Environmental Management Systems).It aims to strengthen ecological resilience and sustainable natural resource management practices through training,awareness-raising,and community participation.The work was conducted in three rural communes in the Kissidougou prefecture,located in the Faranah administrative region.Data collection and analysis tools included questionnaires,GPS devices,digital devices,laptops,and Excel and SPSS software.The methodology employed a participatory and multidisciplinary approach combining a literature review,surveys of 163 respondents,semi-structured interviews with 16 key informants,training for 218 technical staff and local elected officials(30%of whom were women),and awareness-raising activities for 1,800 participants in local languages.Five community forests covering 443.58 hectares were integrated into management plans,concerted,under the coordination of the NGO APARFE.The results show an increase in average temperature(+0.8°C since 1960),a decrease in rainfall(-5.3 mm/month),and increased vulnerability of populations dependent on agriculture.The integration of the EMS(Environmental Management System)has led to improvements in environmental governance,community forest management,awareness of sustainable agricultural practices,and the inclusion of women(51%of participants).In short,the EMS is an effective tool for strengthening community resilience and environmental sustainability.
文摘The environmental and economic difficulties arising from climate change affect developing world rural populations with increasing intensity.However,the traditional knowledge serves as a major means for understanding climate change adaptation processes in Kogi State’s rural populace while contributing to policy frameworks and climate messaging strategies.Correspondingly,this study examines how traditional knowledge supports rural communities during climate change adaptation and it examines the performance of communication methods for weaving indigenous understanding into adaptation procedures.The study was anchored on the Indigenous Knowledge Systems(IKS)Theory according to which the knowledge of indigenous people is considered to be valid and culturally grounded and sustainable instrument of environmental adaptation.It employed surveys by obtaining data from 246 participants in nine(three each from the senatorial districts)rural communities of Kogi State.The analysis focused on 246 responses collected during this research.The finding showed that local weather predictions systems,agricultural traditions,as well as traditional soil preservation methods,are popular and applied by the rural population with high confidence rates to overcome changes in climate.These are community practices,and are still part of the local adaptation strategies.It is also revealed in the study that conventional forms of communication-storytelling,use of indigenous languages,and incorporation of traditional leaders are moderately useful in persuasion of climate adaptation,although there is little reparation of government when it comes to development of communication tactics.The respondents confirmed that it is important to combine the traditional knowledge with suitable formal policy.The study concludes that to become effective and culturally responsive,climate policies and related communication strategies should include participatory approaches of traditional knowledge systems.Its outcomes can be used significantly by policymakers,development practitioners,and climate communication professionals to establish resilient and inclusive adaptation channels in Nigeria and other related settings.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42288101&42375183)Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project(No.21230780200)+1 种基金Shanghai B&R Joint Laboratory Project(No.22230750300)EU HORIZON Project FOCI(No.101056783).
文摘Climate change presents a critical global challenge,threatening human well-being,ecosystems,economies,and societies.While mitigation efforts remain essential and critically important,the growing urgency of climate impacts necessitates immediate and effective adaptation measures.Effective adaptation strategies require advanced modeling tools with higher resolution,integration of ecosystem and social dynamics,and the ability to assess diverse adaptation scenarios.Local-scale models,which are performed at the scale of an administrative region,a country,or a specified region,are particularly valuable as they can incorporate specific adaptation measures and generate precise,contextspecific insights.These models play a key role in formulating tailored climate adaptation strategies and action plans.This paper explores the significance and challenges in developing such models,emphasizing the pressing need to accelerate their advancement.We call on the scientific community and policymakers to prioritize the development of tailored local-scale modeling tools and services to enhance resilience and better support adaptive responses to the complex and evolving challenges posed by climate change and rapid urbanization at the local level.
文摘Climate change is significantly altering viticultural practices worldwide,with profound implications for the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds that determine wine’s sensory and health properties.This review summarizes the effects of climate change,particularly rising temperatures,shifting precipitation patterns,and altered light conditions-on polyphenol synthesis in Vitis amurensis(V.amurensis)grapes from Northeast China,the country’s highest-latitude wine region.Key findings reveal that:(1)Temperature increases accelerate phenological stages but differentially impact polyphenols,suppressing anthocyanins and flavonols while promoting tannins;(2)Precipitation variability induces water stress that can enhance anthocyanin content under moderate drought but reduce quality during extreme events;(3)Declining sunshine duration may limit polyphenol production,though certain cultivars(e.g.,Beibinghong)exhibit adaptability to low light conditions.The region’s unique climatic trends-stronger winter warming and reduced summer precipitation-paradoxically offer potential benefits by extending the growing season while minimizing heat stress during critical ripening periods.It is highlighted how V.amurensis,with its cold hardiness and naturally high polyphenol content(notably anthocyanins and resveratrol),could become increasingly valuable under climate change.However,strategic adaptation through cultivar selection,vineyard management,and stress-responsive breeding will be critical to maintain wine quality.This synthesis provides a framework for understanding climate-polyphenol dynamics in cool-climate viticulture and outlines research priorities to safeguard the future of Northeast China’s distinctive wine industry.
基金supported by Central Government Guided Local Science and Technology Development Fund(2024ZY0616),the China Agricultural Journal Website Research Fund Project(CAJW2024-045).
文摘Tropical forests,critical for global carbon storage and biodiversity,are failing to adapt at the pace required by accelerating climate change.A comprehensive study by Aguirre-Gutiérrez et al.(Science 387:eadi5414,2025)analyzing four decades of data from 415 forest plots and 250,000 trees across the Americas reveals significant mismatches between functional trait shifts(e.g.,leaf area,wood density,photosynthetic capacity)and climatic pressures.Survivor trees tracked climatic changes at less than 8%of the necessary rate,while recruits achieved only 22%,leaving ecosystems increasingly vulnerable.Lowland forests exhibited stronger trait responses compared to nutrient-limited montane forests,but neither aligned with future climate projections.By 2100,projected temperature rises(~4℃)and precipitation declines(~20%)may push forests into“no-analog”climates,surpassing adaptive thresholds.These lags threaten carbon sequestration,biodiversity,and ecosystem stability,underscoring the urgent need for emissions reduction,conservation of climate refugia,and assisted migration strategies to mitigate irreversible biome transitions.
文摘Groundwater overextraction and contamination by heavy metals such as cadmium and arsenic have resultedin ecological degradation and increased risks of renal disease,particularly in water-scarce regions.To address thesechallenges,this review aimed to evaluate the ecological potential of dew water harvesting as a sustainable and safealternative water source.Literature published between 2000 and 2024 was systematically searched in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar using the terms“dew water,”“atmospheric water harvesting,”“groundwaterpollution,”“heavy metals,”“ecosystem restoration,”and“sustainable water systems.”Studies were included if theyfocused on dew water quality,ecological functions,or health-related outcomes,while non-English publications,conference abstracts without full text,and studies not directly addressing dew water were excluded.A total of 46 studiesand 7 official guidelines met the eligibility criteria.Findings indicate that natural dew water generally exhibits a neutralpH(6.5–8.5),negligible concentrations of heavy metals,and relatively high dissolved oxygen content(~9 mg/L).Casestudies from Morocco,Israel,China,and India illustrate its contributions to soil moisture retention,plant survival,biodiversity support,and microclimate regulation.Moreover,dew water produced through the Systemized Dew Process(SDP)consistently complied with WHO(2024)standards for drinking water,showing contaminant levels belowdetection thresholds.In conclusion,dew water harvesting represents a low-impact,climate-resilient,and safe alternativethat mitigates exposure to nephrotoxic pollutants,reduces reliance on overexploited groundwater,and enhances longtermecological restoration and water security in degraded and water-scarce environments.
基金supported by Sultan Qaboos University through grants EG/DVC/WRC/21/01,and DR/RG/17.
文摘Managed Aquifer Recharge(MAR)is a strategic approach to artificially replenishing groundwater supplies and has become an integral component of global water resource management.The number of MAR projects has steadily increased in recent decades,yet many have failed to achieved their intended outcomes,underscoring the complexity of project implementation.This review is dedicated to examine existing research and reports on MAR performance and impacts,aiming to establish objective criteria for gauging the success and identify key factors influencing the effectiveness of MAR project.Five critical performance factors have been identified as major determinants of MAR performance:aquifer transmissivity,vertical permeability,availability of recharge water,recharge water quality,and aquifer thickness,geometry and boundary conditions.These factors are directly related to project success and significantly shape MAR outcomes.In addition,this review explores research-based strategies to improve MAR success,including cutting-edge methodologies,technological innovations,and integrated management approaches to address key challenges.The ultimate goal is to foster more efficient,effective,and sustainable MAR practices,thereby enhancing the resilience and sustainability of water resource management.
文摘The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a transformative pathway for climate change adaptation and peacebuilding, with emphasis on a holistic approach to managing resource conflicts and environmental challenges. This paper explores the synergies between emerging technologies and strategic framework to mitigate climate-induced tensions and foster resilience. It focuses on the application of renewable energy systems to reduce dependence on contested resources, blockchain technology to ensure transparency in climate finance, equitable resource allocation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance early warning systems for climate-related disaster and conflicts. Additionally, technologies such as precision agriculture and remote sensing empower communities to optimize resource use, adapt to shifting environmental conditions, and reduce competition over scares resources. These innovations with inclusive governance and local capacity-building are very primordial. Ultimately, the convergence of technology, policy, and local participation offers a scalable and replicable model for addressing the dual challenges of environmental degradation and instability, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and peaceful future.
基金The Postdoctoral Program of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘While climate change impacts on ancient societies are well-documented,their adaptation mechanisms remain poorly understood.This study examines ancient Chinese architecture,specifically focusing on the abrupt decline in the use of projecting arms in bracket sets during the cold period from the 3rd to 6th centuries—a phenomenon known as the“Six Dynasties Bracket Mystery”—to explore how architectural forms responded to climatic shifts.Based on an analysis of approximately 250 cases of quasi-architectural evidence,we identify a five-stage variation in the presence ratio of projecting arms over approximately 700 years,beginning in the early 1st century.By integrating this quantitative variation with high-resolution paleoclimate reconstructions and experimental analysis,this study demonstrates that climate change,particularly the abrupt cooling events during the 3rd–6th centuries,altered the functional requirements of building eaves,leading to the decline of projecting arms.Our study provides a reasonable explanation for the longstanding puzzle concerning bracket sets in ancient Chinese architectural research,emphasizing environmental adaptation rather than aesthetic or technological considerations.It also highlights architectural adaptation as a material expression of human responses to climate change,offering insights into the interplay between climate,socio-historical context,and architecture in ancient China.
文摘IN his video speech to the United Nations Climate Summit held in New York on September 24,Chinese President Xi Jinping announced China’s new Nationally Determined Contributions(NDC)—the efforts taken by each country to reduce their emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.
文摘The important contributions of urban trees and green spaces to for example,climate moderation and public health have been recognized.This paper discusses guidelines and norms that promote the benefi ts of viewing green,living amongst green,and having easy access to green spaces for recreational use.Having trees and other vegetation in sight from one’s home,place of work,or school has important mental health and performance benefi ts.Local tree canopy cover is positively associated with cooling and other aspects of climate moderation.With public green spaces in proximity to one’s home stimulates regular use of these areas and results in positive impacts on mental,physical,and social health.After analyzing existing guidelines and rules for urban green space planning and provision,a new,comprehensive guideline is presented,known as the‘3–30–300 rule’for urban forestry.This guideline aims to provide equitable access to trees and green spaces and their benefi ts by setting the thresholds of having at least 3 well-established trees in view from every home,school,and place of work,no less than a 30%tree canopy in every neighbourhood;and no more than 300 m to the nearest public green space from every residence.Current implementation of this new guideline is discussed,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using this evidence-based but also clear and simple rules.
基金Project(51825802)supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of ChinaProject(2018YFE0106100)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China。
文摘Passive house has been constructed in China on a large-scale over the past couple years for its great energy saving potential.However,research indicates that there is a significant discrepancy in energy performance for heating and cooling between passive houses in different climate zones.Therefore,this research develops a comparative analysis on the energy saving potential of passive houses with the conventional around China.A sensitivity analysis of thermal characteristics of building envelope(insulation of exterior walls and windows,and airtightness)on energy consumption is further carried out to improve the climate adaptability of passive house.Moreover,the variation of energy consumption under different heat gain intensity is also compared,to evaluate the effects of envelope thermal characteristics comprehensively.Results suggest that the decrease of exterior wall insulation leads to the greatest increase in energy consumption,especially in severe cold zone in China.However,the optimal insulation may change with the internal heat gain intensity,for instance,the decrease of insulation(from 0.4 to 1.0 W/(m^(2)·K))could reduce the energy consumption by 4.65 kW·h/(m^(2)·a)when the heat gain increases to 20 W/m^(2)for buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter zone in China.
