This work proposes quantum circuit complexity—the minimal number of elementary operations needed to implement a quantum transformation—be established as a legitimate physical observable. We prove that circuit comple...This work proposes quantum circuit complexity—the minimal number of elementary operations needed to implement a quantum transformation—be established as a legitimate physical observable. We prove that circuit complexity satisfies all requirements for physical observables, including self-adjointness, gauge invariance, and a consistent measurement theory with well-defined uncertainty relations. We develop complete protocols for measuring complexity in quantum systems and demonstrate its connections to gauge theory and quantum gravity. Our results suggest that computational requirements may constitute physical laws as fundamental as energy conservation. This framework grants insights into the relationship between quantum information, gravity, and the emergence of spacetime geometry while offering practical methods for experimental verification. Our results indicate that the physical universe may be governed by both energetic and computational constraints, with profound implications for our understanding of fundamental physics.展开更多
In this issue of Journal of Biomedical Research,3review articles are published that cover a broad range of topics addressing current understanding on regulation of nutrient metabolism through protein phosphatases,home...In this issue of Journal of Biomedical Research,3review articles are published that cover a broad range of topics addressing current understanding on regulation of nutrient metabolism through protein phosphatases,homeostatic regulation of cellular lipid droplets by small GTPases,and mechanisms by which hepatic assembly and secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are regulated.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)conductive structures significantly reduce flexible circuit complexity and enhance circuit integration.Direct extrusion printing technology offers the advantages of various material applicability ...Three-dimensional(3D)conductive structures significantly reduce flexible circuit complexity and enhance circuit integration.Direct extrusion printing technology offers the advantages of various material applicability and high flexibility for fabricating filamentary interconnects.The printing resolution is,however,highly dependent on the needle size.A micro-printing method was proposed based on fluid drawing to fabricate freestanding 3D conductive structures.The delicate structure is drawn out under the tension when printing.The printing material is a high-viscosity ink composed of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP).The viscosity is controlled by evaporating the ink’s solvent for drawing prints.This unique printing method utilizes a single needle,controlled by precise air pressure and speed,to construct 3D filamentary structures with varied wire widths.The 3D conductive structures exhibit superior structural retention and enhanced conductivity by thermal treatment.The drawing printing method has been successfully implemented on flexible circuits,including light-emitting diode(LED)arrays,thermal imaging displays,and multivibrator circuits.This work establishes a novel paradigm for flexible electronics manufacturing through fluid-drawing printing,achieving unprecedented customization and compatibility in fabricating 3D interconnects.展开更多
Any unknown unitary operations conditioned on a control system can be deterministically performed if ancillary subspaces are available for the target systems [Zhou X Q, et al. 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 413]. In this paper, ...Any unknown unitary operations conditioned on a control system can be deterministically performed if ancillary subspaces are available for the target systems [Zhou X Q, et al. 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 413]. In this paper, we show that previous optical schemes may be extended to general hybrid systems if unknown operations are provided by optical instruments. Moreover, a probabilistic scheme is proposed when the unknown operation may be performed on the subspaces of ancillary high-dimensional systems. Furthermore, the unknown operations conditioned on the multi-control system may be reduced to the case with a control system using additional linear circuit complexity. The new schemes may be more flexible for different systems or hybrid systems.展开更多
On the basis of analyzing and testing of common inverting circuits, a new type inverter, which has a special inverting circuit called complex isolated, has been put forward. In turn, an applicable air plasma cutting ...On the basis of analyzing and testing of common inverting circuits, a new type inverter, which has a special inverting circuit called complex isolated, has been put forward. In turn, an applicable air plasma cutting machine has also been put into use. Testing results show that this kind inverter has lots of properties as high reliability, high efficiency, good EMC(electromagnetic compatibility) and easy operating. The complex isolated inverting circuit can be considered as a quite valuable reference for the research of high power welding inverter.展开更多
On the basis of a conventional permanent magnet(PM)synchronous generator’s construction,a novel kind of Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(HEPMSG)is introduced by inserting exciting winding in t...On the basis of a conventional permanent magnet(PM)synchronous generator’s construction,a novel kind of Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(HEPMSG)is introduced by inserting exciting winding in the stator or rotor.Firstly,the construction of HEPMSG is improved with the addition of PM excitation on the ferromagnetic pole,and its working principle and design method are studied in detail.Then,an appropriate exciting current control system is presented considering the characteristics of HEPMSG.Finally,a prototype is made,and test results confirm the analysis and design.展开更多
文摘This work proposes quantum circuit complexity—the minimal number of elementary operations needed to implement a quantum transformation—be established as a legitimate physical observable. We prove that circuit complexity satisfies all requirements for physical observables, including self-adjointness, gauge invariance, and a consistent measurement theory with well-defined uncertainty relations. We develop complete protocols for measuring complexity in quantum systems and demonstrate its connections to gauge theory and quantum gravity. Our results suggest that computational requirements may constitute physical laws as fundamental as energy conservation. This framework grants insights into the relationship between quantum information, gravity, and the emergence of spacetime geometry while offering practical methods for experimental verification. Our results indicate that the physical universe may be governed by both energetic and computational constraints, with profound implications for our understanding of fundamental physics.
文摘In this issue of Journal of Biomedical Research,3review articles are published that cover a broad range of topics addressing current understanding on regulation of nutrient metabolism through protein phosphatases,homeostatic regulation of cellular lipid droplets by small GTPases,and mechanisms by which hepatic assembly and secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are regulated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U24A20137,52475587,52103224,52405610)Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province(2023JH1/10400044)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Municipality(2022J008)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT23RC(3)051,DUT24RC(3)048)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)conductive structures significantly reduce flexible circuit complexity and enhance circuit integration.Direct extrusion printing technology offers the advantages of various material applicability and high flexibility for fabricating filamentary interconnects.The printing resolution is,however,highly dependent on the needle size.A micro-printing method was proposed based on fluid drawing to fabricate freestanding 3D conductive structures.The delicate structure is drawn out under the tension when printing.The printing material is a high-viscosity ink composed of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP).The viscosity is controlled by evaporating the ink’s solvent for drawing prints.This unique printing method utilizes a single needle,controlled by precise air pressure and speed,to construct 3D filamentary structures with varied wire widths.The 3D conductive structures exhibit superior structural retention and enhanced conductivity by thermal treatment.The drawing printing method has been successfully implemented on flexible circuits,including light-emitting diode(LED)arrays,thermal imaging displays,and multivibrator circuits.This work establishes a novel paradigm for flexible electronics manufacturing through fluid-drawing printing,achieving unprecedented customization and compatibility in fabricating 3D interconnects.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61303039 and 61201253)Chunying Fellowship,and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2682014CX095)
文摘Any unknown unitary operations conditioned on a control system can be deterministically performed if ancillary subspaces are available for the target systems [Zhou X Q, et al. 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 413]. In this paper, we show that previous optical schemes may be extended to general hybrid systems if unknown operations are provided by optical instruments. Moreover, a probabilistic scheme is proposed when the unknown operation may be performed on the subspaces of ancillary high-dimensional systems. Furthermore, the unknown operations conditioned on the multi-control system may be reduced to the case with a control system using additional linear circuit complexity. The new schemes may be more flexible for different systems or hybrid systems.
文摘On the basis of analyzing and testing of common inverting circuits, a new type inverter, which has a special inverting circuit called complex isolated, has been put forward. In turn, an applicable air plasma cutting machine has also been put into use. Testing results show that this kind inverter has lots of properties as high reliability, high efficiency, good EMC(electromagnetic compatibility) and easy operating. The complex isolated inverting circuit can be considered as a quite valuable reference for the research of high power welding inverter.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China Key Project (No.Z37-03).
文摘On the basis of a conventional permanent magnet(PM)synchronous generator’s construction,a novel kind of Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(HEPMSG)is introduced by inserting exciting winding in the stator or rotor.Firstly,the construction of HEPMSG is improved with the addition of PM excitation on the ferromagnetic pole,and its working principle and design method are studied in detail.Then,an appropriate exciting current control system is presented considering the characteristics of HEPMSG.Finally,a prototype is made,and test results confirm the analysis and design.
