The adsorbents–adsorbates interaction is critical for resourcelization in heavy metal wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,it is still indistinct to depict the impact of metal center effect on heavy metals removal perfo...The adsorbents–adsorbates interaction is critical for resourcelization in heavy metal wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,it is still indistinct to depict the impact of metal center effect on heavy metals removal performance in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)-based adsorbents.Herein,a series of MOFs with different metal centers of Mg(II),La(III),and Zr(IV)are rationally designed,and the effect of electronic structure on the Sb(V)removal performance is systematically investigated.The obtained La-MGs achieve Sb(V)adsorption capacity of 897.6 mg/g,which is about 1.2 and 4.5 times above average than those of Zr-MGs and Mg-MGs,respectively.On account of more edge adsorption sites achieve,the sites utilization efficiency of La-MGs(92.1%)is much better than Zr-MGs(75.0%)and Mg-MGs(20.4%).Furthermore,density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that La-MGs are more active than Mg-MGs and Zr-MGs,owing to the lower adsorption energy,higher charge transfer,and stronger bonding interaction,which will promote the Sb(V)removal performance.The experimental results in practical water indicate that La-MGs effectively capture antimony at low concentration,reaching drinking water standard in samples from Ganjiang River.This study opens an avenue for atomic-level insight into high-efficient absorbents design for water treatment from electronic structuremodification of active centers.展开更多
This paper aims to investigate self-access centers'effects on college English learning. Data, collected in the form of questionnaires and interview, were analyzed. Results demonstrate that the self-access center(S...This paper aims to investigate self-access centers'effects on college English learning. Data, collected in the form of questionnaires and interview, were analyzed. Results demonstrate that the self-access center(SAC)does help students to promote learner autonomy, lower their anxiety and encourage their interest in college English learning.展开更多
Reading is one of the four basic skills of English learning, and it is also regarded as one efficient means to take in scientific and technological information in this age of knowledge explosion. The selection of read...Reading is one of the four basic skills of English learning, and it is also regarded as one efficient means to take in scientific and technological information in this age of knowledge explosion. The selection of reading materials should base on the learners’ need and cognitive ability, meanwhile the readability and feasibility of the reading materials lead to the effectiveness of reading. As far as it is concerned, different theorists hold different opinions, sometimes even diametrically opposed views. Some theorists reject the value of researches on reading materials while other theorists hold that the issue on reading materials should not be avoided in the research of effective reading. As the selection of reading materials should be based on traditional teachers’ experience or learners’ need, theorists had diverse voices. Taking all as a point of departure, the author investigated the origin of the problem, and believed that the selection of reading materials should take learners’ need in consideration, and focused on learners’ reading need and ability.展开更多
The precedence effect is a prerequisite for faithful sound localization in a complex auditory environment, and is a physiological phenomenon in which the auditory system selectively suppresses the directional informat...The precedence effect is a prerequisite for faithful sound localization in a complex auditory environment, and is a physiological phenomenon in which the auditory system selectively suppresses the directional information from echoes. Here we investigated how neurons in the inferior colliculus respond to the paired sounds that produce precedence-effect illusions, and whether their firing behavior can be modulated through inhibition with gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA）. We recorded extracellularly from 36 neurons in rat inferior colliculus under three conditions： no injection, injection with saline, and injection with gamma-aminobutyric acid. The paired sounds that produced precedence effects were two identical 4-ms noise bursts, which were delivered contralaterally or ipsilaterally to the recording site. The normalized neural responses were measured as a function of different inter-stimulus delays and half-maximal interstimulus delays were acquired. Neuronal responses to the lagging sounds were weak when the inter-stimulus delay was short, but increased gradually as the delay was lengthened. Saline injection produced no changes in neural responses, but after local gamma-arninobutyric acid application, responses to the lagging stimulus were suppressed. Application of gamma-aminobutyric acid affected the normalized response to lagging sounds, independently of whether they or the paired sounds were contralateral or ipsilateral to the recording site. These observations suggest that local inhibition by gamma-aminobutyric acid in the rat inferior colliculus shapes the neural responses to lagging sounds, and modulates the precedence effect.展开更多
Multicollinearity constitutes shared variation among predictors that inflates standard errors of regression coefficients. Several years ago, it was proven that the common practice of mean centering in moderated regres...Multicollinearity constitutes shared variation among predictors that inflates standard errors of regression coefficients. Several years ago, it was proven that the common practice of mean centering in moderated regression cannot alleviate multicollinearity among variables comprising an interaction, but merely masks it. Residual centering (orthogonalizing) is unacceptable because it biases parameters for predictors from which the interaction derives, thus precluding interpretation of moderator effects. I propose and validate residual centering in sequential re-estimations of a moderated regression—sequential residual centering (SRC)—by revealing unbiased multicollinearity conditioning across the interaction and its related terms. Across simulations, SRC reduces variance inflation factors (VIF) regardless of distribution shape or pattern of regression coefficients across predictors. For any predictor, the reduced VIF is used to derive a lower standard error of its regression coefficient. A cancer sample illustrates SRC, which allows unbiased interpretations of symptom clusters. SRC can be applied efficiently to alleviate multicollinearity after data collection and shows promise for advancing synergistic frontiers of research.展开更多
Shanghai World Financial Center is one of the highest buildings in the world, of which cumulation of vertical deformation during construction is significant and worth investigating. A refined finite element model was ...Shanghai World Financial Center is one of the highest buildings in the world, of which cumulation of vertical deformation during construction is significant and worth investigating. A refined finite element model was developed to conduct full-process analysis of construction of super-high rise buildings like Shanghai World Financial Center, in which the discrete analysis method of time-varying structures and age-adjusted effective modulus method were both used. In the finite element analysis, the whole construction process was divided into a series of stages, each with a structural system that is a part of the whole structure and with different material parameters, geometrical parameters, loading and boundary conditions. The whole construction process of Shanghai World Financial Center in consideration of creep of concrete was simulated successfully by using the finite element model and the analytical method developed. With respect to different construction stage, the total vertical deformation, inter-floor compression deformation and the relative deformation between the outer frame and the core-wall were obtained through the analysis. The comparison between the results from the stage-wise full-process analysis of construction with and without considering the creep and the results from the conventional analysis of the whole building under the total load from all self-weight and construction applied to the structure "in one go" shows that the cumulative effect on the deformation from the construction process and the creep effect need to be considered in analyzing the deformation of Shanghai World Financial Center, and the super-high rise buildings suchlike. Finally, the simulation results correlate well with the monitoring results-a proof of the feasibility and the validity of this paper.展开更多
To analysis the early failures of machining centers,the failure mode effect and criticality analysis( FMECA) method was used. Based on the failure data collected from production lines in test run,all the failure modes...To analysis the early failures of machining centers,the failure mode effect and criticality analysis( FMECA) method was used. Based on the failure data collected from production lines in test run,all the failure modes of machining centers were summarized and criticality of all subsystems is figured out. And the process of FMECA was improved. The most critical subsystem was manipulator subsystem. The most critical failure mode was impacted manipulator. Reasons and effect of some important failure modes were analyzed. And some suggestions to solve failures were given.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Develop</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;&qu...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Develop</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ment</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of renewable energy (RE) and mitigation of carbon dioxide, as the two largest climate action initiatives are the most challenging factors for new generation green data center (GDC). Reduction of conventional electricity consumption as well as cost of electricity (COE) with preferred quality</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of service (QoS) has been recognized as the interesting research topic in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. Moreover, it becomes challenging to design a large-scale sustainable GDC with standalone RE supply. This paper gives spotlight on hybrid energy supply solution for the GDC to reduce grid electricity usage and minimum net system cost. The proposed framework includes RE source such as solar photovoltaic, wind turbine and non-renewable energy sources as Disel Generator (DG) and Battery. A hybrid optimization model is designed using HOMER software for cost assessment and energy evaluation to validate the effectiveness of the suggested scheme focusing on eco-friendly implication.</span></span></span>展开更多
The paper aims to theoretically and numerically investigate the confinement effect of inert materials on the detonation of insensitive high explosives. An improved shock polar theory based on the Zeldovich-von Neumann...The paper aims to theoretically and numerically investigate the confinement effect of inert materials on the detonation of insensitive high explosives. An improved shock polar theory based on the Zeldovich-von Neumann-Döring model of explosive detonation is established and can fully categorize the confinement interactions between insensitive high explosive and inert materials into six types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocities than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation. To confirm the theoretical categorization and obtain the flow details, a second-order, cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamic method based on the characteristic theory of the two-dimensional first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations with Ignition-Growth chemistry reaction law is proposed and can exactly numerically simulate the confinement interactions. The numerical result confirms the theoretical categorization and can further merge six types of interaction styles into five types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocity, moreover, the numerical method can give a new type of interaction style existing a precursor wave in the confining inert material with a larger sonic velocity than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation, in which a shock polar theory is invalid. The numerical method can also give the effect of inert materials on the edge angles of detonation wave front.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51938007,51720105001,52100039,52125002,and 52100043)the Youth Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2020JJ5076).
文摘The adsorbents–adsorbates interaction is critical for resourcelization in heavy metal wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,it is still indistinct to depict the impact of metal center effect on heavy metals removal performance in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)-based adsorbents.Herein,a series of MOFs with different metal centers of Mg(II),La(III),and Zr(IV)are rationally designed,and the effect of electronic structure on the Sb(V)removal performance is systematically investigated.The obtained La-MGs achieve Sb(V)adsorption capacity of 897.6 mg/g,which is about 1.2 and 4.5 times above average than those of Zr-MGs and Mg-MGs,respectively.On account of more edge adsorption sites achieve,the sites utilization efficiency of La-MGs(92.1%)is much better than Zr-MGs(75.0%)and Mg-MGs(20.4%).Furthermore,density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that La-MGs are more active than Mg-MGs and Zr-MGs,owing to the lower adsorption energy,higher charge transfer,and stronger bonding interaction,which will promote the Sb(V)removal performance.The experimental results in practical water indicate that La-MGs effectively capture antimony at low concentration,reaching drinking water standard in samples from Ganjiang River.This study opens an avenue for atomic-level insight into high-efficient absorbents design for water treatment from electronic structuremodification of active centers.
文摘This paper aims to investigate self-access centers'effects on college English learning. Data, collected in the form of questionnaires and interview, were analyzed. Results demonstrate that the self-access center(SAC)does help students to promote learner autonomy, lower their anxiety and encourage their interest in college English learning.
文摘Reading is one of the four basic skills of English learning, and it is also regarded as one efficient means to take in scientific and technological information in this age of knowledge explosion. The selection of reading materials should base on the learners’ need and cognitive ability, meanwhile the readability and feasibility of the reading materials lead to the effectiveness of reading. As far as it is concerned, different theorists hold different opinions, sometimes even diametrically opposed views. Some theorists reject the value of researches on reading materials while other theorists hold that the issue on reading materials should not be avoided in the research of effective reading. As the selection of reading materials should be based on traditional teachers’ experience or learners’ need, theorists had diverse voices. Taking all as a point of departure, the author investigated the origin of the problem, and believed that the selection of reading materials should take learners’ need in consideration, and focused on learners’ reading need and ability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81271090 and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.7112055
文摘The precedence effect is a prerequisite for faithful sound localization in a complex auditory environment, and is a physiological phenomenon in which the auditory system selectively suppresses the directional information from echoes. Here we investigated how neurons in the inferior colliculus respond to the paired sounds that produce precedence-effect illusions, and whether their firing behavior can be modulated through inhibition with gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA）. We recorded extracellularly from 36 neurons in rat inferior colliculus under three conditions： no injection, injection with saline, and injection with gamma-aminobutyric acid. The paired sounds that produced precedence effects were two identical 4-ms noise bursts, which were delivered contralaterally or ipsilaterally to the recording site. The normalized neural responses were measured as a function of different inter-stimulus delays and half-maximal interstimulus delays were acquired. Neuronal responses to the lagging sounds were weak when the inter-stimulus delay was short, but increased gradually as the delay was lengthened. Saline injection produced no changes in neural responses, but after local gamma-arninobutyric acid application, responses to the lagging stimulus were suppressed. Application of gamma-aminobutyric acid affected the normalized response to lagging sounds, independently of whether they or the paired sounds were contralateral or ipsilateral to the recording site. These observations suggest that local inhibition by gamma-aminobutyric acid in the rat inferior colliculus shapes the neural responses to lagging sounds, and modulates the precedence effect.
文摘Multicollinearity constitutes shared variation among predictors that inflates standard errors of regression coefficients. Several years ago, it was proven that the common practice of mean centering in moderated regression cannot alleviate multicollinearity among variables comprising an interaction, but merely masks it. Residual centering (orthogonalizing) is unacceptable because it biases parameters for predictors from which the interaction derives, thus precluding interpretation of moderator effects. I propose and validate residual centering in sequential re-estimations of a moderated regression—sequential residual centering (SRC)—by revealing unbiased multicollinearity conditioning across the interaction and its related terms. Across simulations, SRC reduces variance inflation factors (VIF) regardless of distribution shape or pattern of regression coefficients across predictors. For any predictor, the reduced VIF is used to derive a lower standard error of its regression coefficient. A cancer sample illustrates SRC, which allows unbiased interpretations of symptom clusters. SRC can be applied efficiently to alleviate multicollinearity after data collection and shows promise for advancing synergistic frontiers of research.
基金Sponsored by the Technology Pillar Program During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period (Grant No.2006BAJ01B02)
文摘Shanghai World Financial Center is one of the highest buildings in the world, of which cumulation of vertical deformation during construction is significant and worth investigating. A refined finite element model was developed to conduct full-process analysis of construction of super-high rise buildings like Shanghai World Financial Center, in which the discrete analysis method of time-varying structures and age-adjusted effective modulus method were both used. In the finite element analysis, the whole construction process was divided into a series of stages, each with a structural system that is a part of the whole structure and with different material parameters, geometrical parameters, loading and boundary conditions. The whole construction process of Shanghai World Financial Center in consideration of creep of concrete was simulated successfully by using the finite element model and the analytical method developed. With respect to different construction stage, the total vertical deformation, inter-floor compression deformation and the relative deformation between the outer frame and the core-wall were obtained through the analysis. The comparison between the results from the stage-wise full-process analysis of construction with and without considering the creep and the results from the conventional analysis of the whole building under the total load from all self-weight and construction applied to the structure "in one go" shows that the cumulative effect on the deformation from the construction process and the creep effect need to be considered in analyzing the deformation of Shanghai World Financial Center, and the super-high rise buildings suchlike. Finally, the simulation results correlate well with the monitoring results-a proof of the feasibility and the validity of this paper.
基金National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2013ZX04012071)
文摘To analysis the early failures of machining centers,the failure mode effect and criticality analysis( FMECA) method was used. Based on the failure data collected from production lines in test run,all the failure modes of machining centers were summarized and criticality of all subsystems is figured out. And the process of FMECA was improved. The most critical subsystem was manipulator subsystem. The most critical failure mode was impacted manipulator. Reasons and effect of some important failure modes were analyzed. And some suggestions to solve failures were given.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Develop</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ment</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of renewable energy (RE) and mitigation of carbon dioxide, as the two largest climate action initiatives are the most challenging factors for new generation green data center (GDC). Reduction of conventional electricity consumption as well as cost of electricity (COE) with preferred quality</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of service (QoS) has been recognized as the interesting research topic in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. Moreover, it becomes challenging to design a large-scale sustainable GDC with standalone RE supply. This paper gives spotlight on hybrid energy supply solution for the GDC to reduce grid electricity usage and minimum net system cost. The proposed framework includes RE source such as solar photovoltaic, wind turbine and non-renewable energy sources as Disel Generator (DG) and Battery. A hybrid optimization model is designed using HOMER software for cost assessment and energy evaluation to validate the effectiveness of the suggested scheme focusing on eco-friendly implication.</span></span></span>
文摘The paper aims to theoretically and numerically investigate the confinement effect of inert materials on the detonation of insensitive high explosives. An improved shock polar theory based on the Zeldovich-von Neumann-Döring model of explosive detonation is established and can fully categorize the confinement interactions between insensitive high explosive and inert materials into six types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocities than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation. To confirm the theoretical categorization and obtain the flow details, a second-order, cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamic method based on the characteristic theory of the two-dimensional first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations with Ignition-Growth chemistry reaction law is proposed and can exactly numerically simulate the confinement interactions. The numerical result confirms the theoretical categorization and can further merge six types of interaction styles into five types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocity, moreover, the numerical method can give a new type of interaction style existing a precursor wave in the confining inert material with a larger sonic velocity than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation, in which a shock polar theory is invalid. The numerical method can also give the effect of inert materials on the edge angles of detonation wave front.
