Objective Mercury (Hg), as one of the priority pollutants and also a hot topic of frontier environmental research in many countries, has been paid higher attention in the world since the middle of the last century. Gu...Objective Mercury (Hg), as one of the priority pollutants and also a hot topic of frontier environmental research in many countries, has been paid higher attention in the world since the middle of the last century. Guizhou Province (at N24°30′-29°13′, E103°1′-109°30′, 1 100 m above the sea level, with subtropical humid climate) in southwest China is an important mercury production center. It has been found that the mercury content in most media of aquatics, soil, atmosphere and in biomass of corns, plants and animals, is higher than the national standard.The present study aims to explore the influence of mercury pollution on the health of local citizens. Methods The effect of rice from two mercury polluted experimental plots of Guizhou Province on the expression of c-jun mRNA in rat brain and c-jun protein in cortex, hippocampus and ependyma was observed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemical methods. Results The results showed that the mercury polluted rice induced expression of c-jun mRNA and its protein significantly. Selenium can reduce Hg uptake, an antagonism between selenium and mercury on the expression of c-jun mRNA and c-jun protein. Conclusion c-jun participates in the toxicity process of brain injury by mercury polluted rice, the expression of c- jun mRNA in brain, and c-jun protein in rat cortex and hippocampus can predict neurotoxicity of mercury polluted rice. People should be advised to be cautious in eating any kind of Hg-polluted foods. To reveal the relationship between c-jun induction and apoptosis, further examinations are required.展开更多
AIM: To determine the location of c-jun protein, dynamic changes in c-jun mRNA and protein expression, and ultrastructure characteristics in the rd mouse retina, following a single dose of brain-derived neurotrophic f...AIM: To determine the location of c-jun protein, dynamic changes in c-jun mRNA and protein expression, and ultrastructure characteristics in the rd mouse retina, following a single dose of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a short period of time. METHODS: A single intravitreal injection of BDNF at two dosages (25 mu g/L or 50 mu g/L) was given to the right eye of the rd mouse at age 2 and 3 weeks respectively. Two weeks after injection, the location of c-jun protein in the retina was observed by immunofluorescence detection, c-jun mRNA and protein expression in retinas were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western immunoblotting analysis, ultrastructure characteristics of retinas were detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation. RESULTS: c-jun protein was expressed in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of retina. BDNF at two dosages (25 mu g/L and 50 mu g/L) increased c-jun mRNA expression at PN-4 weeks respectively (P-1 =0.019, P-2=0.021). 50 mu g/L BDNF increased c-jun protein expression at PN-4 weeks (P =0.000). The retinal ultrastructure was improved. CONCLUSION: The effects of BDNF exerts on the c-jun expression in the retina are dose-dependent and time-dependent, which may mediate photoreceptor rescue indirectly in the pathological process of retinitis pigmentosa (RP)at early stage.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 accelerates axon growth and enhances recovery of spinal cord function by inhibiting growth inhibitory factors. Neurotrophin-3 （NT-3）contributes to regeneration of nerve f...BACKGROUND： Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 accelerates axon growth and enhances recovery of spinal cord function by inhibiting growth inhibitory factors. Neurotrophin-3 （NT-3）contributes to regeneration of nerve fibers in the spinal cord and motor function recovery. The combination of Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 and NT-3 is hypothesized to produce better outcomes and facilitate axonal regeneration by affecting c-Fos and c-Jun protein expression. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the combined effects of Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 and NT-3 on c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels in the injured spinal cord. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled study was performed at the Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University and the Central Laboratory of Third Xiangya Hospital of China from June 2005 to December 2007. MATERIALS： NT-3 （Peprotech, USA） and Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 （Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： Hemisectioned spinal cord injury models were established by cutting the posterior 2/3 of rat spinal cord, which is equivalent to the T8 level in the human spine. A total of 120 rats were equally and randomly assigned to three groups： model （0.2 μL saline）, IN-1 （0.2 μL IN-1）, and IN-1/NT-3 （0.2 μL IN-1 ＋ 0.2 μL NT-3）. The compounds were separately infused into transection sites on the side of head. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Western blot analysis was employed to measure c-Fos and c-Jun protein expression in the injured spinal cord at 15, 30 minutes, 1,2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours following surgery. RESULTS： Following spinal cord injury, c-Fos and c-Jun protein expression were increased and peaked at 4 6 hours. Following injection of IN-1 or the combination of IN-1 and NT-3, c-Fos protein expression was significantly reduced in the injured spinal cord （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01） （with the exception of the 15 minute time point）. However, c-Jun protein expression was significantly increased （P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01） （with the exception of the 15 and 30 minute time points）. Combined application of IN-1 and NT-3 resulted in significantly altered protein expression compared to IN-1 alone. CONCLUSION： IN-1 increases c-Jun protein levels and protects the injured spinal cord by inhibiting c-Fos protein levels. Moreover, the effects of IN-1 combined with NT-3 are more significant than with IN-1 alone.展开更多
Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challengin...Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of the MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Fos in rat photoaging skin.Methods:A total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,natural recovery group,ph...Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of the MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Fos in rat photoaging skin.Methods:A total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,natural recovery group,physiological saline injection group and dermal pluripotent stem cells transplantation(DMSCs group),model group,natural recovery group,physiological saline injection group.DMSCs were treated with UV lamp irradiation to establish light aging skin model.Rats were then sacrificed after model prepared,no treatment was processed in the natural recovery group.Saline injections was adopted in saline group,DESCs group was treated with DESCs transplantation.Rats were sacrificed after 4 weeks.The expression of MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Kos were detected using the immunohistocheniical metluxl.Results:In model group,MMP 7positive expression was higher than that in the other 4 groups,but without statistically difference(P>0.05);c-Jun,c-Fos expression were higher than that in the control group and DESCs group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference comparing natural recovery group with physiological saline injection group(P>0.05).Conclusions:MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Fos can be used as diagnosis indicators in the early stage of light aging,and they jointly participate in its development.DMSCs transplants is effective in treating light aging skin.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Ischemia/reperfusion is the main cause of hepatic damage in liver transplantation. Immediate early genes (IEGs) encode proteins can regulate expression of cellular response genes after injury, and is assoc...BACKGROUND: Ischemia/reperfusion is the main cause of hepatic damage in liver transplantation. Immediate early genes (IEGs) encode proteins can regulate expression of cellular response genes after injury, and is associated with tissue repair and cell apoptosis. The purpose of this re- search was to investigate the effects of preconditioning on expression of immediate early genes c-fos and c-jun follow- ing hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) and its roles in cellu- lar regeneration and apoptosis. METHODS: Ninety-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into IR group and hepatic ischemic preconditioning (IPC) group, and each group was further divided into eight sub- groups (n =6). The model of partial liver ischemia/reper- fusion was used. The rats were subjected to 60-minute liver ischemia, preceded by 10-minute preconditioning. After 0-, 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 24-hour reperfusion, the se- rum and liver tissue in each group were collected to detect the level of serum ALT/AST, liver histopathology, expres- sion of c-fos, and c-jun mRNA. Flow cytometer was used to detect Ki67 and Sub-G1 as the quantity indicators of cell regeneration and apoptosis respectively. RESULTS: Compared with IR group, IPC group showed a significantly lower ALT/AST level in 0. 5-hour sub-group to 8-hour sub-group (P<0.05). Ki67 elevated significantly at 0.5, 1, 2 hours, but decreased significantly at 24 hours ( P < 0 . 05). Ap index decreased significantly after 1-hour reperfusion(P<0.05). Expressions of c-fos and c-jun mR- NA were low, especially c-jun at 0.5, 1 and 2 hours after reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning can protect liver cells against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and this protec- tive effect may be related to influence transcription levels of c-fos and c-jun.展开更多
Objective To study the effects of selenium on DNA damage, apoptosis and c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun expression in rat hepatocytes. Methods Sodium selenite at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 μmol/kg was given to rats by i.p. a...Objective To study the effects of selenium on DNA damage, apoptosis and c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun expression in rat hepatocytes. Methods Sodium selenite at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 μmol/kg was given to rats by i.p. and there were 5 male SD rats in each group. Hepatocellular DNA damage was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis （or comet assay）. Hepatocellular apoptosis was determined by TUNEL （TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labelling） and flow cytometry. C-myc, c-fos, and c-jun expression in rat bepatocytes were assayed by Northern dot hybridization. C-myc, c-fos, and c-jun protein were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results At the doses of 5, 10, and 20μmol/kg, DNA damage was induced by sodium selenite in rat hepatocytes and the rates of comet cells were 34.40%, 74.80%, and 91.40% respectively. Results also showed an obvious dose-response relationship between the rates of comet cells and the doses of sodium selenite （r=0.9501, P〈0.01）. Sodium selenite at the doses of 5, 10, and 20μmol/kg caused c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun overexpression obviously. The positive brown-yellow signal for proteins of c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun was mainly located in the cytoplasm of bepatocytes with immunohistocbemical method. TUNEL-positive cells were detected in selenium-treated rat livers. Apoptotic rates （%） of selenium-treated liver cells at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 μmol/kg were （3.72±1.76）, （5.82±1.42）, and （11.76±1.87） respectively, being much higher than those in the control. Besides an obvious dose-response relationship between apoptotic rates and the doses of sodium selenite （r=0.9897, P〈0.01）, these results displayed a close relationship between DNA damage rates and apoptotic rates, and the relative coefficient was 0.9021, P〈0.01. Conclusion Selenium at 5-20μmol/kg can induce DNA damage, apoptosis, and overexpression of c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun in rat hepatocytes.展开更多
Secalonic acid D(SAD) could inhibit cell growth in not only sensitive cells but also multidrug resistant(MDR) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms need to be elucidated. Here, we identified that SAD possessed pote...Secalonic acid D(SAD) could inhibit cell growth in not only sensitive cells but also multidrug resistant(MDR) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms need to be elucidated. Here, we identified that SAD possessed potent cytotoxicity in 3 pairs of MDR and their parental sensitive cells including S1-MI-80 and S1,H460/MX20 and H460, MCF-7/ADR and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, SAD induced cell G2/M phase arrest via the downregulation of cyclin B1 and the increase of CDC2 phosphorylation. Importantly, JNK pathway upregulated the expression of c-Jun in protein level and increased c-Jun phosphorylation induced by SAD, which was linked to cell apoptosis via c-Jun/Src/STAT3 pathway. To investigate the mechanisms of upregulation of c-Jun protein by SAD, the mR NA expression level and degradation of c-Jun were examined. We found that SAD did not alter the mR NA level of c-Jun but inhibited its proteasome-dependent degradation. Taken together, these results implicate that SAD induces cancer cell death through c-Jun/Src/STAT3 signaling axis by inhibiting the proteasome-dependent degradation of c-Jun in both sensitive cells and ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family G member 2(ABCG2)-mediated MDR cells.展开更多
The present study attempted to examine the effects of bile acid pool size on liver regeneration after hepatectomy.The rats were fed on 0.2% cholic acid(CA)or 2% cholestyramine for 7 days to induce a change in the bile...The present study attempted to examine the effects of bile acid pool size on liver regeneration after hepatectomy.The rats were fed on 0.2% cholic acid(CA)or 2% cholestyramine for 7 days to induce a change in the bile acid size,and then a partial hepatectomy(PH)was performed.Rats fed on the normal diet served as the controls.Measurements were made on the rate of liver regeneration,the labeling indices of PCNA,the plasma total bile acids(TBA),and the mRNA expression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase(CYP7A1),...展开更多
The changes of proto-oncogene c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in angiotensin Ⅱ （AngⅡ）-induced hypertrophy and effects of sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate （STS） in the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocyte...The changes of proto-oncogene c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in angiotensin Ⅱ （AngⅡ）-induced hypertrophy and effects of sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate （STS） in the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were investigated. Twelve neonatal clean grade Wistar rats were selected. The cardiomyocytes were isolated, cultured and divided according to different treatments in the medium. The cardiomyocyte size was determined by phase contrast microscope, and the rate of protein synthesis was measured by [3H]-Leucine incorporation. The c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. It was found after cardiomyocytes were treated with AngⅡ for 30 min, the c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes was increased significantly （P〈0.01）. After treatment with AngⅡ for 24 h, the rate of protein synthesis in AngⅡ group was significantly increased as compared with control group （P〈0.01）. After treatment with AngⅡ for 7 days, the size of cardiomyocytes in AngⅡ group was increased obviously as compared with control group （P〈0.05）. After pretreatment with STS or Valsartan before AngⅡ treatment, both of them could inhibit the above effects of AngⅡ （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. It was suggested that STS could ameliorate AngⅡ-induced cardiomyocyte hy- pertrophy by inhibiting c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression and reducing protein synthesis rate of cardiomyocytes.展开更多
Nagilactone E(NLE),a natural product with anticancer activities,is isolated from Podocarpus nagi.In this study,we reported that NLE increased programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)expressions at both protein and mRNA levels...Nagilactone E(NLE),a natural product with anticancer activities,is isolated from Podocarpus nagi.In this study,we reported that NLE increased programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)expressions at both protein and mRNA levels in human lung cancer cells,and enhanced its localization on the cell membrane.Mechanistically,NLE increased the phosphorylation and expression of cJun,and promoted the localization of c-Jun in the nucleus,while silencing of c-Jun by small interfering RNA(siRNA)reduced NLEinduced PD-L1.Further study showed that NLE activated the c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNK),the upstream of c-Jun,and its inhibitor SP600125 reversed the NLE-increased PD-L1.Moreover,NLE-induced PD-L1 increased the binding intensity of PD-1 on the cell surface.In summary,NLE upregulates the expression of PD-L1 in lung cancer cells through the activation of JNK-c-Jun axis,which has the potential to combine with the PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapies in lung cancer.展开更多
Objective: To explore cytotoxicity of Synsepalum dulcificum(S. dulcificum) Daniell(Sapotaceae) on human colon cancer(HCT-116 and HT-29), human monocytic leukemia(THP-1) and normal(HDFn) cell lines, and its effect on t...Objective: To explore cytotoxicity of Synsepalum dulcificum(S. dulcificum) Daniell(Sapotaceae) on human colon cancer(HCT-116 and HT-29), human monocytic leukemia(THP-1) and normal(HDFn) cell lines, and its effect on the expression of early apoptotic genes, c-fos and c-jun. Methods: Leaf, stem and berry of S. dulcificum were separately extracted by using 2 solvents, 10% ethanol(EtOH) and 80% methanol(MeOH). PrestoB lue~? cell viability assay and q RT-PCR assay were conducted to examine the above objectives respectively. Results: Stem MeOH, stem EtOH, and berry EtOH extracts of S. dulcificum were cytotoxic to HCT-116 and HT-29 human colon cancer cells. For HCT-116, IC_(50) values of these 3 extracts were not significantly different(P>0.05) from that of the positive control bleomycin(IC_(50) of 33.57 μg/mL), while for HT-29, IC_(50) values of these 3 extracts were significantly lower(P<0.05) than that of bleomycin(IC_(50) of 25.24 μg/mL). None of the extracts were cytotoxic to the THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells and HDFn normal human dermal fibroblasts. For both HCT-116 and HT-29, these extracts significantly up-regulated(P<0.05) the expression of c-fos and c-jun compared to the untreated negative control. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that cytotoxicity of stem MeOH, stem EtOH, and berry EtOH extracts of S. dulcificum on HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells is due to the induced apoptosis which is caused by the up-regulation of the expression of early apoptotic genes, c-fos and c-jun.展开更多
Artificial intelligence,such as deep learning technology,has advanced the study of facial expression recognition since facial expression carries rich emotional information and is significant for many naturalistic situ...Artificial intelligence,such as deep learning technology,has advanced the study of facial expression recognition since facial expression carries rich emotional information and is significant for many naturalistic situations.To pursue a high facial expression recognition accuracy,the network model of deep learning is generally designed to be very deep while the model’s real-time performance is typically constrained and limited.With MobileNetV3,a lightweight model with a good accuracy,a further study is conducted by adding a basic ResNet module to each of its existing modules and an SSH(Single Stage Headless Face Detector)context module to expand the model’s perceptual field.In this article,the enhanced model named Res-MobileNetV3,could alleviate the subpar of real-time performance and compress the size of large network models,which can process information at a rate of up to 33 frames per second.Although the improved model has been verified to be slightly inferior to the current state-of-the-art method in aspect of accuracy rate on the publically available face expression datasets,it can bring a good balance on accuracy,real-time performance,model size and model complexity in practical applications.展开更多
AIM：Toinvestigate the effects of vitamin E succinate(VES)on the expression of c-jun gene and protein in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:After SGC-7901cells were treated with VESat different doses(5,10,20m...AIM：Toinvestigate the effects of vitamin E succinate(VES)on the expression of c-jun gene and protein in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:After SGC-7901cells were treated with VESat different doses(5,10,20mg·L^-1)at different time,reverse transcription-PCR technique was used to detect the level of c-jun mRNA;Western Blot was applied to measure the expression of c-jun protein.RESULTS:After the cells were theated with VESat 20mg·L^-1for 3h,the expression rapidly reached its maximun that was3.5times of UT control(P<0.01).The level of c-jun mRNA was also increased following treatment of VESfor 6h.However the expression after treatment of VES at 5mg·L^-1for24h was 1.6tmes compared with UTcontrol(P<0.01),Western blot analysis showed that the level of c-jun protein was obviusly elevated in VES-treated SGC-7901cells at 20mg·L^-1for3h,The expression of c-jun protein was gradually increased after treatment of VES at 20mg·L^-1for3,6,12and24h,respectively,with an evident time-effect relationship.CONCONCLUSION:The levels of c-jun mRNA and protein in VES-treated SGC-7901cells were increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner;the expression of c-jun was prolonged by VES,indicating that c-jun is involvedin VES-induced apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND： In studies concerning cell injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, current experiments have primarily focused on altered protein levels. In addition, the apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-2 have bee...BACKGROUND： In studies concerning cell injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, current experiments have primarily focused on altered protein levels. In addition, the apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-2 have been thoroughly studied with regard to initiating neuronal apoptosis. OBJECTIVE： To establish an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction in the rat hippocampus to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; to observe c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 （JNK3） mRNA expression in hippocampal neurons following Astragalus injection; and thus to determine changes in the signaling and downstream pathways of neuronal apoptosis at the cellular and molecular level. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, cellular and molecular experiment was performed at the Department of Central Laboratory, Chengde Medical College from February to June 2008. MATERIALS： Astragalus injection, the main ingredient of astragaloside, was purchased from Chengdu Di＇ao Jiuhong Pharmaceutical Manufactory, China. JNK3 mRNA probe and in situ hybridization kit were purchased from Tianjin Haoyang Biological Technology, China, and JNK3 RT-PCR primers were designed by Shanghai Bio-engineering, China. METHODS： Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons derived from Sprague Dawley rats, aged 1 2 days, were established. After 8 days, the hippocampal neurons were assigned to the following interventions： model group, Astragalus group, and vehicle control group, cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose reintroduction after oxygen-glucose deprivation for 30 minutes in sugar-free Earle＇s solution and a hypoxia device, which contained high-purity nitrogen. The normal control group was subjected to primary culture techniques and was not treated using above-mentioned interventions. In addition, the Astragalus and vehicle control groups were treated with Astragalus injection （0.5 g/L raw drug） or sterile, deionized water at 2 hours prior to oxygen-glucose deprivation, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： JNK3 mRNA expression was measured by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR at 0, 0.5, 2, 6, 24, 72, and 120 hours after oxygen-glucose reintroduction. RESULTS： Hippocampal neuronal morphology was normal in the normal control group. Hippocampal neurons exhibited apparent apoptosis-like pathological changes in the model, as well as the vehicle control, groups. The apoptosis-like pathological changes in the hippocampal neurons were less in the Astragalus group. Results from in situ hybridization and RT-PCR showed that JNK3 mRNA expression significantly increased in hippocampal neurons from model group, as well as the vehicle control group, compared with the normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, JNK3 mRNA expression significantly decreased in hippocampal neurons of the Astragalus group, compared with the model group and vehicle control group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Astragalus injection inhibited apoptosis-related JNK3 mRNA expression following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction, and accordingly played a role in inhibiting hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.展开更多
AIM: To explore the expression of apoptosis-regulatinggenes C-jun and Bcl-XL after normothermic liver ischemic preconditioning and its protective effect on hepatocytes in the rat.METHODS: Wistar rats are randomly divi...AIM: To explore the expression of apoptosis-regulatinggenes C-jun and Bcl-XL after normothermic liver ischemic preconditioning and its protective effect on hepatocytes in the rat.METHODS: Wistar rats are randomly divided into sham operation group (S group, n = 10), ischemic reperfusion group (IR group, n = 10) and ischemic preconditioning group (IP group, n = 10). After dissection of the hepatoduodenal ligament in S group, and after 30-min reperfusion in IR group and in IP group, the samples of liver tissue were taken for studying the hepatocellular apoptosis, theexpressions of C-jun mRNA, Bcl-XL mRNA and their proteins, and morphologic changes at 0, 3, 6, 20 h. Meanwhile the venous blood samples were drawn at 3, 6 and 20 h for testing ALT, AST and LDH.RESULTS: The levels of ALT, AST and LDH in IR group and IP group were significantly higher than those in S group. Hepatocellular apoptosis was significantly increased in both IR group and IP group, especially in IR group.Expressions of C-jun mRNA and protein were significantly increased in IR group compared with those in both IP group and S group, but no significant difference between IP group and S group (P＞0.05). Expressions of Bcl-XL mRNA and protein in IR group and S group were not significant (P＞0.05), but were significantly increased in IP group compared with those in both S group and IR group. Patch necrosis of hepatocytes because of severe injury could be seen in IR group microscopically, and the ultrastructural changes were irreversible. Meanwhile in IP group, no hepatocellular necrosis occurred, and the ultrastructural changes were reversible because of mild injury. CONCLUSION: (1) IP can protect the rat liver from normothermic IR injury by modulation of the expressionof apoptosis-regulating genes C-jun and Bcl-XL; (2) IR injury may activate the apoptosis of hepatocytes by increasing the expression of apoptosis-inducing gene C-jun; (3) IP may prohibit the apoptosis of hepatocytes by increasing the expression of apoptosis-inhibitory gene Bcl-XL.展开更多
Rice is a poor source of folate,an essential micronutrient for the body.Biofortification offers an effective way to enhance the folate content of rice and alleviate folate deficiencies in humans.In this study,we confi...Rice is a poor source of folate,an essential micronutrient for the body.Biofortification offers an effective way to enhance the folate content of rice and alleviate folate deficiencies in humans.In this study,we confirmed that OsADCS and OsGTPCHI,encoding the initial enzymes necessary for folate synthesis,positively regulate folate accumulation in knockout mutants of both japonica and indica rice backgrounds.The folate content in the low-folate japonica variety was slightly increased by the expression of the indica alleles driven by the endosperm-specific promoter.We further obtained co-expression lines by stacking OsADCS and OsGTPCHI genes;the folate accumulation in brown rice and polished rice reached 5.65μg/g and 2.95μg/g,respectively,representing 37.9-fold and 26.5-fold increases compared with the wild type.Transcriptomic analysis of rice grains from six transgenic lines showed that folate changes affected biological pathways involved in the synthesis and metabolism of rice seed storage substances,while the expression of other folate synthesis genes was weakly regulated.In addition,we identified Aus rice as a high-folate germplasm carrying superior haplotypes of OsADCS and OsGTPCHI through natural variation.This study provides an alternative and effective complementary strategy for rice biofortification,promoting the rational combination of metabolic engineering and conventional breeding to breed high-folate varieties.展开更多
Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a qua...Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research method to carry out the research and proposes an AI-based reflective dialogue model.Based on this,an analysis of the impact brought by this model on EFL students’oral expression performance and learning anxiety levels.The results show that students in the experimental group have significantly higher oral expression performance than those in the control group in the three dimensions of grammatical accuracy,expressive fluency,and word accuracy.In addition,the students in the experimental group produced facilitated anxiety after using the AI-based reflective dialogue model for oral expression learning,which prompted the students to learn more diligently.展开更多
AIM: To study influence of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia(VOL) on expression of C Fos,C Jun after focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Inducing rat model of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)using Ko...AIM: To study influence of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia(VOL) on expression of C Fos,C Jun after focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Inducing rat model of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)using Koizumi’s intraluminal suture occlusion method.48 male rats were divided into 5 groups randomly, pseudo operation group, MCAO group, saline control group,VOL group.2 hours after MCAO, we took gastric gavage with VOL and saline, 8 hour per time, and took out of brain to test C Fos,C Jun expression immunohistochemically at the 5th day after operation.RESULTS: There was no positive cell in each hippocampus zone of normal group;we observed C Fos, C Jun positive cells in each Hippocampus zone after MCAO;Density of C Fos,C Jun positive cells of VOL group were apparently lower than that of simple ischemia group. CONCLUSION: VOL can relieve histopathological lesions after cerebral ischemia and promote protection function of rat through inhibiting the expression of C Fos,C Jun expression.展开更多
AIM: To clarify the relationship between autophagy and lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, which is termed "lipoapoptosis," in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(...AIM: To clarify the relationship between autophagy and lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, which is termed "lipoapoptosis," in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD) for 12 wk, after which the liver histology and expression of proteins such as p62 or LC3 were evaluated. Alpha mouse liver 12(AML12) cells treated with palmitate(PA) were used as an in vitro model. RESULTS: LC3-Ⅱ, p62, and Run domain Beclin-1 interacting and cysteine-rich containing(Rubicon) proteins increased in both the HFD mice and in AML12 cells in response to PA treatment. Rubicon expression was decreased upon c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) inhibition at both the m RNA and the protein level in AML12 cells. Rubicon knockdown in AML12 cells with PA decreased the protein levels of both LC3-Ⅱ and p62. Rubicon expression peaked at 4 h of PA treatment in AML12, and then decreased. Treatment with caspase-9 inhibitor ameliorated the decrease in Rubicon protein expression at 10 h of PA and resulted in enlarged AML12 cells under PA treatment. The enlargement of AML12 cells by PA with caspase-9 inhibition was canceled by Rubicon knockdown.CONCLUSION: The JNK-Rubicon axis enhanced lipoapoptosis, and caspase-9 inhibition and Rubicon had effects that were cytologically similar to hepatocyte ballooning. As ballooned hepatocytes secrete fibrogenic signals and thus might promote fibrosis in the liver, the inhibition of hepatocyte ballooning might provide antifibrosis in the NASH liver.展开更多
文摘Objective Mercury (Hg), as one of the priority pollutants and also a hot topic of frontier environmental research in many countries, has been paid higher attention in the world since the middle of the last century. Guizhou Province (at N24°30′-29°13′, E103°1′-109°30′, 1 100 m above the sea level, with subtropical humid climate) in southwest China is an important mercury production center. It has been found that the mercury content in most media of aquatics, soil, atmosphere and in biomass of corns, plants and animals, is higher than the national standard.The present study aims to explore the influence of mercury pollution on the health of local citizens. Methods The effect of rice from two mercury polluted experimental plots of Guizhou Province on the expression of c-jun mRNA in rat brain and c-jun protein in cortex, hippocampus and ependyma was observed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemical methods. Results The results showed that the mercury polluted rice induced expression of c-jun mRNA and its protein significantly. Selenium can reduce Hg uptake, an antagonism between selenium and mercury on the expression of c-jun mRNA and c-jun protein. Conclusion c-jun participates in the toxicity process of brain injury by mercury polluted rice, the expression of c- jun mRNA in brain, and c-jun protein in rat cortex and hippocampus can predict neurotoxicity of mercury polluted rice. People should be advised to be cautious in eating any kind of Hg-polluted foods. To reveal the relationship between c-jun induction and apoptosis, further examinations are required.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30973262)
文摘AIM: To determine the location of c-jun protein, dynamic changes in c-jun mRNA and protein expression, and ultrastructure characteristics in the rd mouse retina, following a single dose of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a short period of time. METHODS: A single intravitreal injection of BDNF at two dosages (25 mu g/L or 50 mu g/L) was given to the right eye of the rd mouse at age 2 and 3 weeks respectively. Two weeks after injection, the location of c-jun protein in the retina was observed by immunofluorescence detection, c-jun mRNA and protein expression in retinas were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western immunoblotting analysis, ultrastructure characteristics of retinas were detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation. RESULTS: c-jun protein was expressed in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of retina. BDNF at two dosages (25 mu g/L and 50 mu g/L) increased c-jun mRNA expression at PN-4 weeks respectively (P-1 =0.019, P-2=0.021). 50 mu g/L BDNF increased c-jun protein expression at PN-4 weeks (P =0.000). The retinal ultrastructure was improved. CONCLUSION: The effects of BDNF exerts on the c-jun expression in the retina are dose-dependent and time-dependent, which may mediate photoreceptor rescue indirectly in the pathological process of retinitis pigmentosa (RP)at early stage.
基金a Grant from Department of Health of Hunan Province of China,No.B2005-076
文摘BACKGROUND： Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 accelerates axon growth and enhances recovery of spinal cord function by inhibiting growth inhibitory factors. Neurotrophin-3 （NT-3）contributes to regeneration of nerve fibers in the spinal cord and motor function recovery. The combination of Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 and NT-3 is hypothesized to produce better outcomes and facilitate axonal regeneration by affecting c-Fos and c-Jun protein expression. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the combined effects of Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 and NT-3 on c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels in the injured spinal cord. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled study was performed at the Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University and the Central Laboratory of Third Xiangya Hospital of China from June 2005 to December 2007. MATERIALS： NT-3 （Peprotech, USA） and Nogo-neutralizing antibody IN-1 （Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： Hemisectioned spinal cord injury models were established by cutting the posterior 2/3 of rat spinal cord, which is equivalent to the T8 level in the human spine. A total of 120 rats were equally and randomly assigned to three groups： model （0.2 μL saline）, IN-1 （0.2 μL IN-1）, and IN-1/NT-3 （0.2 μL IN-1 ＋ 0.2 μL NT-3）. The compounds were separately infused into transection sites on the side of head. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Western blot analysis was employed to measure c-Fos and c-Jun protein expression in the injured spinal cord at 15, 30 minutes, 1,2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours following surgery. RESULTS： Following spinal cord injury, c-Fos and c-Jun protein expression were increased and peaked at 4 6 hours. Following injection of IN-1 or the combination of IN-1 and NT-3, c-Fos protein expression was significantly reduced in the injured spinal cord （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01） （with the exception of the 15 minute time point）. However, c-Jun protein expression was significantly increased （P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01） （with the exception of the 15 and 30 minute time points）. Combined application of IN-1 and NT-3 resulted in significantly altered protein expression compared to IN-1 alone. CONCLUSION： IN-1 increases c-Jun protein levels and protects the injured spinal cord by inhibiting c-Fos protein levels. Moreover, the effects of IN-1 combined with NT-3 are more significant than with IN-1 alone.
基金supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CATAS-Nos.1630152023007,1630152023011,1630152023012,1630152023013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071805).
文摘Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.
基金supported by Science and Technology Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2011JE006)
文摘Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of the MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Fos in rat photoaging skin.Methods:A total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,natural recovery group,physiological saline injection group and dermal pluripotent stem cells transplantation(DMSCs group),model group,natural recovery group,physiological saline injection group.DMSCs were treated with UV lamp irradiation to establish light aging skin model.Rats were then sacrificed after model prepared,no treatment was processed in the natural recovery group.Saline injections was adopted in saline group,DESCs group was treated with DESCs transplantation.Rats were sacrificed after 4 weeks.The expression of MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Kos were detected using the immunohistocheniical metluxl.Results:In model group,MMP 7positive expression was higher than that in the other 4 groups,but without statistically difference(P>0.05);c-Jun,c-Fos expression were higher than that in the control group and DESCs group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference comparing natural recovery group with physiological saline injection group(P>0.05).Conclusions:MMP-7,c-Jun and c-Fos can be used as diagnosis indicators in the early stage of light aging,and they jointly participate in its development.DMSCs transplants is effective in treating light aging skin.
文摘BACKGROUND: Ischemia/reperfusion is the main cause of hepatic damage in liver transplantation. Immediate early genes (IEGs) encode proteins can regulate expression of cellular response genes after injury, and is associated with tissue repair and cell apoptosis. The purpose of this re- search was to investigate the effects of preconditioning on expression of immediate early genes c-fos and c-jun follow- ing hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) and its roles in cellu- lar regeneration and apoptosis. METHODS: Ninety-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into IR group and hepatic ischemic preconditioning (IPC) group, and each group was further divided into eight sub- groups (n =6). The model of partial liver ischemia/reper- fusion was used. The rats were subjected to 60-minute liver ischemia, preceded by 10-minute preconditioning. After 0-, 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 24-hour reperfusion, the se- rum and liver tissue in each group were collected to detect the level of serum ALT/AST, liver histopathology, expres- sion of c-fos, and c-jun mRNA. Flow cytometer was used to detect Ki67 and Sub-G1 as the quantity indicators of cell regeneration and apoptosis respectively. RESULTS: Compared with IR group, IPC group showed a significantly lower ALT/AST level in 0. 5-hour sub-group to 8-hour sub-group (P<0.05). Ki67 elevated significantly at 0.5, 1, 2 hours, but decreased significantly at 24 hours ( P < 0 . 05). Ap index decreased significantly after 1-hour reperfusion(P<0.05). Expressions of c-fos and c-jun mR- NA were low, especially c-jun at 0.5, 1 and 2 hours after reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning can protect liver cells against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and this protec- tive effect may be related to influence transcription levels of c-fos and c-jun.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30271110, 30471500).
文摘Objective To study the effects of selenium on DNA damage, apoptosis and c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun expression in rat hepatocytes. Methods Sodium selenite at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 μmol/kg was given to rats by i.p. and there were 5 male SD rats in each group. Hepatocellular DNA damage was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis （or comet assay）. Hepatocellular apoptosis was determined by TUNEL （TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labelling） and flow cytometry. C-myc, c-fos, and c-jun expression in rat bepatocytes were assayed by Northern dot hybridization. C-myc, c-fos, and c-jun protein were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results At the doses of 5, 10, and 20μmol/kg, DNA damage was induced by sodium selenite in rat hepatocytes and the rates of comet cells were 34.40%, 74.80%, and 91.40% respectively. Results also showed an obvious dose-response relationship between the rates of comet cells and the doses of sodium selenite （r=0.9501, P〈0.01）. Sodium selenite at the doses of 5, 10, and 20μmol/kg caused c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun overexpression obviously. The positive brown-yellow signal for proteins of c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun was mainly located in the cytoplasm of bepatocytes with immunohistocbemical method. TUNEL-positive cells were detected in selenium-treated rat livers. Apoptotic rates （%） of selenium-treated liver cells at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 μmol/kg were （3.72±1.76）, （5.82±1.42）, and （11.76±1.87） respectively, being much higher than those in the control. Besides an obvious dose-response relationship between apoptotic rates and the doses of sodium selenite （r=0.9897, P〈0.01）, these results displayed a close relationship between DNA damage rates and apoptotic rates, and the relative coefficient was 0.9021, P〈0.01. Conclusion Selenium at 5-20μmol/kg can induce DNA damage, apoptosis, and overexpression of c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun in rat hepatocytes.
基金supported by grants from the National Science & Technology Major Project “Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing Program” (No. 2018ZX09711002, China)Science and Technology Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030312014, China)+1 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (No. 201707010048, China)from the Scientific and Technological Leading Talent Project of Guangdong Province (2015, China)
文摘Secalonic acid D(SAD) could inhibit cell growth in not only sensitive cells but also multidrug resistant(MDR) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms need to be elucidated. Here, we identified that SAD possessed potent cytotoxicity in 3 pairs of MDR and their parental sensitive cells including S1-MI-80 and S1,H460/MX20 and H460, MCF-7/ADR and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, SAD induced cell G2/M phase arrest via the downregulation of cyclin B1 and the increase of CDC2 phosphorylation. Importantly, JNK pathway upregulated the expression of c-Jun in protein level and increased c-Jun phosphorylation induced by SAD, which was linked to cell apoptosis via c-Jun/Src/STAT3 pathway. To investigate the mechanisms of upregulation of c-Jun protein by SAD, the mR NA expression level and degradation of c-Jun were examined. We found that SAD did not alter the mR NA level of c-Jun but inhibited its proteasome-dependent degradation. Taken together, these results implicate that SAD induces cancer cell death through c-Jun/Src/STAT3 signaling axis by inhibiting the proteasome-dependent degradation of c-Jun in both sensitive cells and ATP-binding cassette transporter sub-family G member 2(ABCG2)-mediated MDR cells.
文摘The present study attempted to examine the effects of bile acid pool size on liver regeneration after hepatectomy.The rats were fed on 0.2% cholic acid(CA)or 2% cholestyramine for 7 days to induce a change in the bile acid size,and then a partial hepatectomy(PH)was performed.Rats fed on the normal diet served as the controls.Measurements were made on the rate of liver regeneration,the labeling indices of PCNA,the plasma total bile acids(TBA),and the mRNA expression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase(CYP7A1),...
基金a grant from National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 30500657)
文摘The changes of proto-oncogene c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in angiotensin Ⅱ （AngⅡ）-induced hypertrophy and effects of sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate （STS） in the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were investigated. Twelve neonatal clean grade Wistar rats were selected. The cardiomyocytes were isolated, cultured and divided according to different treatments in the medium. The cardiomyocyte size was determined by phase contrast microscope, and the rate of protein synthesis was measured by [3H]-Leucine incorporation. The c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. It was found after cardiomyocytes were treated with AngⅡ for 30 min, the c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes was increased significantly （P〈0.01）. After treatment with AngⅡ for 24 h, the rate of protein synthesis in AngⅡ group was significantly increased as compared with control group （P〈0.01）. After treatment with AngⅡ for 7 days, the size of cardiomyocytes in AngⅡ group was increased obviously as compared with control group （P〈0.05）. After pretreatment with STS or Valsartan before AngⅡ treatment, both of them could inhibit the above effects of AngⅡ （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. It was suggested that STS could ameliorate AngⅡ-induced cardiomyocyte hy- pertrophy by inhibiting c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression and reducing protein synthesis rate of cardiomyocytes.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(No.176/2017/A3)University of Macao(No.MYRG2018-00165-ICMS/CPG.020-00016-ICMS/MYRG2017-00109-ICMS)。
文摘Nagilactone E(NLE),a natural product with anticancer activities,is isolated from Podocarpus nagi.In this study,we reported that NLE increased programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)expressions at both protein and mRNA levels in human lung cancer cells,and enhanced its localization on the cell membrane.Mechanistically,NLE increased the phosphorylation and expression of cJun,and promoted the localization of c-Jun in the nucleus,while silencing of c-Jun by small interfering RNA(siRNA)reduced NLEinduced PD-L1.Further study showed that NLE activated the c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNK),the upstream of c-Jun,and its inhibitor SP600125 reversed the NLE-increased PD-L1.Moreover,NLE-induced PD-L1 increased the binding intensity of PD-1 on the cell surface.In summary,NLE upregulates the expression of PD-L1 in lung cancer cells through the activation of JNK-c-Jun axis,which has the potential to combine with the PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapies in lung cancer.
文摘Objective: To explore cytotoxicity of Synsepalum dulcificum(S. dulcificum) Daniell(Sapotaceae) on human colon cancer(HCT-116 and HT-29), human monocytic leukemia(THP-1) and normal(HDFn) cell lines, and its effect on the expression of early apoptotic genes, c-fos and c-jun. Methods: Leaf, stem and berry of S. dulcificum were separately extracted by using 2 solvents, 10% ethanol(EtOH) and 80% methanol(MeOH). PrestoB lue~? cell viability assay and q RT-PCR assay were conducted to examine the above objectives respectively. Results: Stem MeOH, stem EtOH, and berry EtOH extracts of S. dulcificum were cytotoxic to HCT-116 and HT-29 human colon cancer cells. For HCT-116, IC_(50) values of these 3 extracts were not significantly different(P>0.05) from that of the positive control bleomycin(IC_(50) of 33.57 μg/mL), while for HT-29, IC_(50) values of these 3 extracts were significantly lower(P<0.05) than that of bleomycin(IC_(50) of 25.24 μg/mL). None of the extracts were cytotoxic to the THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells and HDFn normal human dermal fibroblasts. For both HCT-116 and HT-29, these extracts significantly up-regulated(P<0.05) the expression of c-fos and c-jun compared to the untreated negative control. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that cytotoxicity of stem MeOH, stem EtOH, and berry EtOH extracts of S. dulcificum on HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells is due to the induced apoptosis which is caused by the up-regulation of the expression of early apoptotic genes, c-fos and c-jun.
基金supported by China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited(No.2021YJ127).
文摘Artificial intelligence,such as deep learning technology,has advanced the study of facial expression recognition since facial expression carries rich emotional information and is significant for many naturalistic situations.To pursue a high facial expression recognition accuracy,the network model of deep learning is generally designed to be very deep while the model’s real-time performance is typically constrained and limited.With MobileNetV3,a lightweight model with a good accuracy,a further study is conducted by adding a basic ResNet module to each of its existing modules and an SSH(Single Stage Headless Face Detector)context module to expand the model’s perceptual field.In this article,the enhanced model named Res-MobileNetV3,could alleviate the subpar of real-time performance and compress the size of large network models,which can process information at a rate of up to 33 frames per second.Although the improved model has been verified to be slightly inferior to the current state-of-the-art method in aspect of accuracy rate on the publically available face expression datasets,it can bring a good balance on accuracy,real-time performance,model size and model complexity in practical applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.39870662
文摘AIM：Toinvestigate the effects of vitamin E succinate(VES)on the expression of c-jun gene and protein in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:After SGC-7901cells were treated with VESat different doses(5,10,20mg·L^-1)at different time,reverse transcription-PCR technique was used to detect the level of c-jun mRNA;Western Blot was applied to measure the expression of c-jun protein.RESULTS:After the cells were theated with VESat 20mg·L^-1for 3h,the expression rapidly reached its maximun that was3.5times of UT control(P<0.01).The level of c-jun mRNA was also increased following treatment of VESfor 6h.However the expression after treatment of VES at 5mg·L^-1for24h was 1.6tmes compared with UTcontrol(P<0.01),Western blot analysis showed that the level of c-jun protein was obviusly elevated in VES-treated SGC-7901cells at 20mg·L^-1for3h,The expression of c-jun protein was gradually increased after treatment of VES at 20mg·L^-1for3,6,12and24h,respectively,with an evident time-effect relationship.CONCONCLUSION:The levels of c-jun mRNA and protein in VES-treated SGC-7901cells were increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner;the expression of c-jun was prolonged by VES,indicating that c-jun is involvedin VES-induced apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.C2006000865
文摘BACKGROUND： In studies concerning cell injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, current experiments have primarily focused on altered protein levels. In addition, the apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-2 have been thoroughly studied with regard to initiating neuronal apoptosis. OBJECTIVE： To establish an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction in the rat hippocampus to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; to observe c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 （JNK3） mRNA expression in hippocampal neurons following Astragalus injection; and thus to determine changes in the signaling and downstream pathways of neuronal apoptosis at the cellular and molecular level. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, cellular and molecular experiment was performed at the Department of Central Laboratory, Chengde Medical College from February to June 2008. MATERIALS： Astragalus injection, the main ingredient of astragaloside, was purchased from Chengdu Di＇ao Jiuhong Pharmaceutical Manufactory, China. JNK3 mRNA probe and in situ hybridization kit were purchased from Tianjin Haoyang Biological Technology, China, and JNK3 RT-PCR primers were designed by Shanghai Bio-engineering, China. METHODS： Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons derived from Sprague Dawley rats, aged 1 2 days, were established. After 8 days, the hippocampal neurons were assigned to the following interventions： model group, Astragalus group, and vehicle control group, cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose reintroduction after oxygen-glucose deprivation for 30 minutes in sugar-free Earle＇s solution and a hypoxia device, which contained high-purity nitrogen. The normal control group was subjected to primary culture techniques and was not treated using above-mentioned interventions. In addition, the Astragalus and vehicle control groups were treated with Astragalus injection （0.5 g/L raw drug） or sterile, deionized water at 2 hours prior to oxygen-glucose deprivation, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： JNK3 mRNA expression was measured by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR at 0, 0.5, 2, 6, 24, 72, and 120 hours after oxygen-glucose reintroduction. RESULTS： Hippocampal neuronal morphology was normal in the normal control group. Hippocampal neurons exhibited apparent apoptosis-like pathological changes in the model, as well as the vehicle control, groups. The apoptosis-like pathological changes in the hippocampal neurons were less in the Astragalus group. Results from in situ hybridization and RT-PCR showed that JNK3 mRNA expression significantly increased in hippocampal neurons from model group, as well as the vehicle control group, compared with the normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, JNK3 mRNA expression significantly decreased in hippocampal neurons of the Astragalus group, compared with the model group and vehicle control group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Astragalus injection inhibited apoptosis-related JNK3 mRNA expression following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reintroduction, and accordingly played a role in inhibiting hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.
文摘AIM: To explore the expression of apoptosis-regulatinggenes C-jun and Bcl-XL after normothermic liver ischemic preconditioning and its protective effect on hepatocytes in the rat.METHODS: Wistar rats are randomly divided into sham operation group (S group, n = 10), ischemic reperfusion group (IR group, n = 10) and ischemic preconditioning group (IP group, n = 10). After dissection of the hepatoduodenal ligament in S group, and after 30-min reperfusion in IR group and in IP group, the samples of liver tissue were taken for studying the hepatocellular apoptosis, theexpressions of C-jun mRNA, Bcl-XL mRNA and their proteins, and morphologic changes at 0, 3, 6, 20 h. Meanwhile the venous blood samples were drawn at 3, 6 and 20 h for testing ALT, AST and LDH.RESULTS: The levels of ALT, AST and LDH in IR group and IP group were significantly higher than those in S group. Hepatocellular apoptosis was significantly increased in both IR group and IP group, especially in IR group.Expressions of C-jun mRNA and protein were significantly increased in IR group compared with those in both IP group and S group, but no significant difference between IP group and S group (P＞0.05). Expressions of Bcl-XL mRNA and protein in IR group and S group were not significant (P＞0.05), but were significantly increased in IP group compared with those in both S group and IR group. Patch necrosis of hepatocytes because of severe injury could be seen in IR group microscopically, and the ultrastructural changes were irreversible. Meanwhile in IP group, no hepatocellular necrosis occurred, and the ultrastructural changes were reversible because of mild injury. CONCLUSION: (1) IP can protect the rat liver from normothermic IR injury by modulation of the expressionof apoptosis-regulating genes C-jun and Bcl-XL; (2) IR injury may activate the apoptosis of hepatocytes by increasing the expression of apoptosis-inducing gene C-jun; (3) IP may prohibit the apoptosis of hepatocytes by increasing the expression of apoptosis-inhibitory gene Bcl-XL.
基金supported by the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202403)。
文摘Rice is a poor source of folate,an essential micronutrient for the body.Biofortification offers an effective way to enhance the folate content of rice and alleviate folate deficiencies in humans.In this study,we confirmed that OsADCS and OsGTPCHI,encoding the initial enzymes necessary for folate synthesis,positively regulate folate accumulation in knockout mutants of both japonica and indica rice backgrounds.The folate content in the low-folate japonica variety was slightly increased by the expression of the indica alleles driven by the endosperm-specific promoter.We further obtained co-expression lines by stacking OsADCS and OsGTPCHI genes;the folate accumulation in brown rice and polished rice reached 5.65μg/g and 2.95μg/g,respectively,representing 37.9-fold and 26.5-fold increases compared with the wild type.Transcriptomic analysis of rice grains from six transgenic lines showed that folate changes affected biological pathways involved in the synthesis and metabolism of rice seed storage substances,while the expression of other folate synthesis genes was weakly regulated.In addition,we identified Aus rice as a high-folate germplasm carrying superior haplotypes of OsADCS and OsGTPCHI through natural variation.This study provides an alternative and effective complementary strategy for rice biofortification,promoting the rational combination of metabolic engineering and conventional breeding to breed high-folate varieties.
基金2024 Provincial Teaching Reform Program for Graduate Students in the Second Batch of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Zhejiang Provincial Office of Education:Innovation and Practice of“Six Synergistic”Graduate Teaching Guided by Educator’s Spirit(No.JGCG2024406)Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Education Science Planning:Research on an interdisciplinary teaching model to promote students’computational thinking from multiple analytical perspectives[No.2025SB103].
文摘Oral expression skills play an essential role in the development of EFL students’language abilities,and how to improve EFL students’oral expression skills is an essential and challenging task.This study adopts a quasi-experimental research method to carry out the research and proposes an AI-based reflective dialogue model.Based on this,an analysis of the impact brought by this model on EFL students’oral expression performance and learning anxiety levels.The results show that students in the experimental group have significantly higher oral expression performance than those in the control group in the three dimensions of grammatical accuracy,expressive fluency,and word accuracy.In addition,the students in the experimental group produced facilitated anxiety after using the AI-based reflective dialogue model for oral expression learning,which prompted the students to learn more diligently.
文摘AIM: To study influence of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia(VOL) on expression of C Fos,C Jun after focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Inducing rat model of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)using Koizumi’s intraluminal suture occlusion method.48 male rats were divided into 5 groups randomly, pseudo operation group, MCAO group, saline control group,VOL group.2 hours after MCAO, we took gastric gavage with VOL and saline, 8 hour per time, and took out of brain to test C Fos,C Jun expression immunohistochemically at the 5th day after operation.RESULTS: There was no positive cell in each hippocampus zone of normal group;we observed C Fos, C Jun positive cells in each Hippocampus zone after MCAO;Density of C Fos,C Jun positive cells of VOL group were apparently lower than that of simple ischemia group. CONCLUSION: VOL can relieve histopathological lesions after cerebral ischemia and promote protection function of rat through inhibiting the expression of C Fos,C Jun expression.
文摘AIM: To clarify the relationship between autophagy and lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, which is termed "lipoapoptosis," in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD) for 12 wk, after which the liver histology and expression of proteins such as p62 or LC3 were evaluated. Alpha mouse liver 12(AML12) cells treated with palmitate(PA) were used as an in vitro model. RESULTS: LC3-Ⅱ, p62, and Run domain Beclin-1 interacting and cysteine-rich containing(Rubicon) proteins increased in both the HFD mice and in AML12 cells in response to PA treatment. Rubicon expression was decreased upon c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) inhibition at both the m RNA and the protein level in AML12 cells. Rubicon knockdown in AML12 cells with PA decreased the protein levels of both LC3-Ⅱ and p62. Rubicon expression peaked at 4 h of PA treatment in AML12, and then decreased. Treatment with caspase-9 inhibitor ameliorated the decrease in Rubicon protein expression at 10 h of PA and resulted in enlarged AML12 cells under PA treatment. The enlargement of AML12 cells by PA with caspase-9 inhibition was canceled by Rubicon knockdown.CONCLUSION: The JNK-Rubicon axis enhanced lipoapoptosis, and caspase-9 inhibition and Rubicon had effects that were cytologically similar to hepatocyte ballooning. As ballooned hepatocytes secrete fibrogenic signals and thus might promote fibrosis in the liver, the inhibition of hepatocyte ballooning might provide antifibrosis in the NASH liver.
