In the Chinese national nutrition surveys, fortified foods were not investigated separately from the base diet, and the contribution of fortified foods to micronutrients intake is not very clear. This study investigat...In the Chinese national nutrition surveys, fortified foods were not investigated separately from the base diet, and the contribution of fortified foods to micronutrients intake is not very clear. This study investigated the diet, including fortified foods and food supplements, of urban pregnant women and analyzed the intake of calcium, iron,and zinc to assess the corresponding contributions of fortified foods, food supplements, and the base diet. The results demonstrated that the base diet was the major source of calcium, iron, and zinc, and was recommended to be the first choice for micronutrients intake. Furthermore, consumption of fortified foods and food supplements offered effective approaches to improve the dietary intake of calcium, iron, and zinc in Chinese urban pregnant women.展开更多
A plant-based diet consists of all minimally processedfruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds,herbs, and spices and excludes all animal products, includ-ing red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy p...A plant-based diet consists of all minimally processedfruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds,herbs, and spices and excludes all animal products, includ-ing red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products.展开更多
The goal of this paper is to review the evidence related to the effect of plant-based dietary pattems on obesity and weight loss, includingboth observational and intervention trials. Literature from plant-based diets ...The goal of this paper is to review the evidence related to the effect of plant-based dietary pattems on obesity and weight loss, includingboth observational and intervention trials. Literature from plant-based diets （PBDs） epidemiological and clinical trial research was used toinform this review. In addition, data on dietary quality, adherence, and acceptability were evaluated and are presented. Both clinical trials andobservational research indicate an advantage to adoption of PBDs for preventing overweight and obesity and promoting weight loss. PBDsmay also confer higher levels of diet quality than are observed with other therapeutic diet approaches, with similar levels of adherence andacceptability. Future studies should utilize health behavior theory to inform intervention development and delivery of PBDs studies and newtechnologies to bring interventions to scale for greater public health impact. Research examining PBDs and weight loss is also needed withmore diverse populations, including older adults. Based on the available evidence, PBDs should be considered a viable option for the treat-ment and prevention of overweight and obesity.展开更多
Heart failure is associated with high rates of morbidityand mortality, and is a burden to the healthcare system.There is a growing appreciation for the role diet may play inthe development and treatment of heart failure.
Hypertension is an insidious, common, and deadly dis-ease, often detected incidentally at a routine doctor＇s visit orworkplace health screening. Worldwide, it is estimated thatone billion people have hypertension and...Hypertension is an insidious, common, and deadly dis-ease, often detected incidentally at a routine doctor＇s visit orworkplace health screening. Worldwide, it is estimated thatone billion people have hypertension and approximately 80million Americans 20 years of age and older are hyperten-sive.展开更多
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in theUnited States and globally. Each year, approxirnately 795,000Americans experience a stroke.Total annual costs of stroke,both direct and indirect, amount to $33 b...Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in theUnited States and globally. Each year, approxirnately 795,000Americans experience a stroke.Total annual costs of stroke,both direct and indirect, amount to $33 billion. Ischemicstroke is predicted to cost more than $2.2 trillion between2005 and 2050. In the United States, 87% of all strokesare ischemic, 10% are due to intracerebral hemorrhage, and3% are due to subarachnoid hemorrhage.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gynecological malignancies represent a major cause of death in women and are often treated with platinum-based regimens.Patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from alterations in nutritional status which m...BACKGROUND Gynecological malignancies represent a major cause of death in women and are often treated with platinum-based regimens.Patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from alterations in nutritional status which may worsen gastrointestinal(GI)toxicities,quality of life and affect the overall prognosis.Indeed,assuring a good nutritional status and limiting toxicities during treatment are still major goals for clinicians.AIM To assess the role of Mediterranean Diet(MD)in reducing GI toxicities in patients with gynecological cancers treated with platinum-based regimens.METHODS We conducted an observational study on 22 patients with gynecological tumors treated with a platinum-based chemotherapy at Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS between January 2018 and June 2018.The food and frequency(FFQ)and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Common Terminology Criteria For Adverse Events(PRO-CTCAE)questionnaires were administered at baseline and at every Day 1 of each cycle.To evaluate the differences in GI toxicities the study population was divided in two groups according to the currently validated Mediterranean Diet Serving Score(MDSS)at baseline.RESULTS Patients with high MDSS reported a trend toward lower GI toxicities according to PRO-CTCAE at each timepoint(first evaluation:P=0.7;second:P=0.52;third:P=0.01).In particular,difference in nausea frequency and gravity(P<0.001),stomach pain frequency and gravity(P=0.01 and P=0.02),abdomen bloating frequency and gravity(P=0.02 and P=0.03),and interference with daily activities(P=0.02)were highly statistically significant at the end of treatment.More than 60%of patients changed their food habits during chemotherapy mainly because of GI toxicities.A higher reduction of food intake,both in terms of caloric(P=0.29)and of single nutrients emerged in the group experiencing higher toxicity.CONCLUSION Our results show that adherence to MD possibly reduces GI toxicity and prevents nutritional status impairment during chemotherapy treatment.Bigger studies are needed to confirm our results.展开更多
目的:厘清植物性饮食的概念内涵,为植物性饮食的研究和实践提供理论指导。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库中与植物性饮食有关的文献,检索时限...目的:厘清植物性饮食的概念内涵,为植物性饮食的研究和实践提供理论指导。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库中与植物性饮食有关的文献,检索时限为建库至2024年12月30日。依据Walker及Avant概念分析法进行植物性饮食的概念分析。结果:共纳入48篇文献。植物性饮食包括食物来源以植物为主、多样化的食物选择、可能限制或排除动物产品3个定义属性。前因包括自身因素、社会因素、经济因素;后果包括健康益处、健康潜在风险、环境影响。结论:通过概念分析明确了植物性饮食概念属性。未来可针对植物性饮食的积极影响展开研究,提高公众接受度,并对植物性饮食的个性化干预进行更为系统、深入的研究。展开更多
Successfully implementing a plant-based diet is attain-able for patients, but the likelihood of achieving long-term,dietary maintenance can be increased by follow-up andsupport from practitioners. Practitioners, in pa...Successfully implementing a plant-based diet is attain-able for patients, but the likelihood of achieving long-term,dietary maintenance can be increased by follow-up andsupport from practitioners. Practitioners, in particular physi-cians, are seen as nutrition authorities,and are thereforewell-positioned to deliver dietary advice and nutritionalprescriptions.展开更多
目的检索、评价和整合糖尿病视网膜病变手术患者血糖管理的相关证据。方法系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、澳大利亚Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循征卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、加拿大安大略注册...目的检索、评价和整合糖尿病视网膜病变手术患者血糖管理的相关证据。方法系统检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、澳大利亚Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循征卫生保健中心数据库、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网站、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、医脉通、中国知网、万方数据库、中华医学会糖尿病学会网站中关于糖尿病视网膜病患者血糖管理的证据,包括指南、临床决策、系统评价、专家共识和最佳证据总结,检索时限为建库至2024年1月。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选和质量评价,根据主题对证据提取、归纳和汇总。结果共纳入15篇文献,包括指南3篇、临床决策4篇、系统评价5篇、专家共识1篇、证据总结1篇和质性研究1篇,从血糖管理的原则和目标、应用激素的血糖管理、饮食管理、运动管理、药物管理、护理管理教育及支持6个方面汇总23条证据。结论本研究总结了糖尿病视网膜病变手术患者血糖管理的最佳证据,为建立血糖管理方案提供循证依据,建议医护人员在证据应用和转化时充分考虑临床情境和患者的个体差异性。展开更多
目的:总结肌少性肥胖病人营养管理的相关证据,为制订科学、有效的肌少性肥胖病人营养管理方案提供循证依据。方法:计算机检索UpToDate、DynaMed循证医学临床决策网站、BMJ最佳临床实践(BMJ Best Practice)、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网...目的:总结肌少性肥胖病人营养管理的相关证据,为制订科学、有效的肌少性肥胖病人营养管理方案提供循证依据。方法:计算机检索UpToDate、DynaMed循证医学临床决策网站、BMJ最佳临床实践(BMJ Best Practice)、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网、中国医脉通指南网、美国国立指南库、世界卫生组织指南网、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网站、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library中关于肌少性肥胖病人营养管理措施的相关证据,检索时限为建库至2024年12月1日。结果:共纳入18篇文献,包括1篇指南、2篇临床决策、5篇专家共识、7篇系统评价、3篇Meta分析。总结了包含筛查与评估、饮食调整、营养补充、健康教育与监测随访4个方面的32条证据。结论:总结的肌少性肥胖病人营养管理的最佳证据有助于指导肌少性肥胖病人安全、有效地改善机体营养状况,提高生活质量,降低残疾率和死亡率。展开更多
文摘In the Chinese national nutrition surveys, fortified foods were not investigated separately from the base diet, and the contribution of fortified foods to micronutrients intake is not very clear. This study investigated the diet, including fortified foods and food supplements, of urban pregnant women and analyzed the intake of calcium, iron,and zinc to assess the corresponding contributions of fortified foods, food supplements, and the base diet. The results demonstrated that the base diet was the major source of calcium, iron, and zinc, and was recommended to be the first choice for micronutrients intake. Furthermore, consumption of fortified foods and food supplements offered effective approaches to improve the dietary intake of calcium, iron, and zinc in Chinese urban pregnant women.
文摘A plant-based diet consists of all minimally processedfruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds,herbs, and spices and excludes all animal products, includ-ing red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products.
文摘The goal of this paper is to review the evidence related to the effect of plant-based dietary pattems on obesity and weight loss, includingboth observational and intervention trials. Literature from plant-based diets （PBDs） epidemiological and clinical trial research was used toinform this review. In addition, data on dietary quality, adherence, and acceptability were evaluated and are presented. Both clinical trials andobservational research indicate an advantage to adoption of PBDs for preventing overweight and obesity and promoting weight loss. PBDsmay also confer higher levels of diet quality than are observed with other therapeutic diet approaches, with similar levels of adherence andacceptability. Future studies should utilize health behavior theory to inform intervention development and delivery of PBDs studies and newtechnologies to bring interventions to scale for greater public health impact. Research examining PBDs and weight loss is also needed withmore diverse populations, including older adults. Based on the available evidence, PBDs should be considered a viable option for the treat-ment and prevention of overweight and obesity.
文摘Heart failure is associated with high rates of morbidityand mortality, and is a burden to the healthcare system.There is a growing appreciation for the role diet may play inthe development and treatment of heart failure.
文摘Hypertension is an insidious, common, and deadly dis-ease, often detected incidentally at a routine doctor＇s visit orworkplace health screening. Worldwide, it is estimated thatone billion people have hypertension and approximately 80million Americans 20 years of age and older are hyperten-sive.
文摘Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in theUnited States and globally. Each year, approxirnately 795,000Americans experience a stroke.Total annual costs of stroke,both direct and indirect, amount to $33 billion. Ischemicstroke is predicted to cost more than $2.2 trillion between2005 and 2050. In the United States, 87% of all strokesare ischemic, 10% are due to intracerebral hemorrhage, and3% are due to subarachnoid hemorrhage.
基金funded by Italian Ministry of Health, Ricerca Corrente 2019
文摘BACKGROUND Gynecological malignancies represent a major cause of death in women and are often treated with platinum-based regimens.Patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from alterations in nutritional status which may worsen gastrointestinal(GI)toxicities,quality of life and affect the overall prognosis.Indeed,assuring a good nutritional status and limiting toxicities during treatment are still major goals for clinicians.AIM To assess the role of Mediterranean Diet(MD)in reducing GI toxicities in patients with gynecological cancers treated with platinum-based regimens.METHODS We conducted an observational study on 22 patients with gynecological tumors treated with a platinum-based chemotherapy at Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO/IRCCS between January 2018 and June 2018.The food and frequency(FFQ)and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Common Terminology Criteria For Adverse Events(PRO-CTCAE)questionnaires were administered at baseline and at every Day 1 of each cycle.To evaluate the differences in GI toxicities the study population was divided in two groups according to the currently validated Mediterranean Diet Serving Score(MDSS)at baseline.RESULTS Patients with high MDSS reported a trend toward lower GI toxicities according to PRO-CTCAE at each timepoint(first evaluation:P=0.7;second:P=0.52;third:P=0.01).In particular,difference in nausea frequency and gravity(P<0.001),stomach pain frequency and gravity(P=0.01 and P=0.02),abdomen bloating frequency and gravity(P=0.02 and P=0.03),and interference with daily activities(P=0.02)were highly statistically significant at the end of treatment.More than 60%of patients changed their food habits during chemotherapy mainly because of GI toxicities.A higher reduction of food intake,both in terms of caloric(P=0.29)and of single nutrients emerged in the group experiencing higher toxicity.CONCLUSION Our results show that adherence to MD possibly reduces GI toxicity and prevents nutritional status impairment during chemotherapy treatment.Bigger studies are needed to confirm our results.
文摘目的:厘清植物性饮食的概念内涵,为植物性饮食的研究和实践提供理论指导。方法:系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库中与植物性饮食有关的文献,检索时限为建库至2024年12月30日。依据Walker及Avant概念分析法进行植物性饮食的概念分析。结果:共纳入48篇文献。植物性饮食包括食物来源以植物为主、多样化的食物选择、可能限制或排除动物产品3个定义属性。前因包括自身因素、社会因素、经济因素;后果包括健康益处、健康潜在风险、环境影响。结论:通过概念分析明确了植物性饮食概念属性。未来可针对植物性饮食的积极影响展开研究,提高公众接受度,并对植物性饮食的个性化干预进行更为系统、深入的研究。
文摘Successfully implementing a plant-based diet is attain-able for patients, but the likelihood of achieving long-term,dietary maintenance can be increased by follow-up andsupport from practitioners. Practitioners, in particular physi-cians, are seen as nutrition authorities,and are thereforewell-positioned to deliver dietary advice and nutritionalprescriptions.
文摘目的:总结肌少性肥胖病人营养管理的相关证据,为制订科学、有效的肌少性肥胖病人营养管理方案提供循证依据。方法:计算机检索UpToDate、DynaMed循证医学临床决策网站、BMJ最佳临床实践(BMJ Best Practice)、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网、中国医脉通指南网、美国国立指南库、世界卫生组织指南网、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网站、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library中关于肌少性肥胖病人营养管理措施的相关证据,检索时限为建库至2024年12月1日。结果:共纳入18篇文献,包括1篇指南、2篇临床决策、5篇专家共识、7篇系统评价、3篇Meta分析。总结了包含筛查与评估、饮食调整、营养补充、健康教育与监测随访4个方面的32条证据。结论:总结的肌少性肥胖病人营养管理的最佳证据有助于指导肌少性肥胖病人安全、有效地改善机体营养状况,提高生活质量,降低残疾率和死亡率。
