Astrocyte maturation is crucial for brain function,yet the mechanisms regulating this process remain poorly understood.In this study,we identify the bHLH transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 as essential coordinators...Astrocyte maturation is crucial for brain function,yet the mechanisms regulating this process remain poorly understood.In this study,we identify the bHLH transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 as essential coordinators of cortical astrocyte maturation.We demonstrate that Olig1 and Olig2 work synergistically to regulate cortical astrocyte maturation by modulating Bmp7 expression.Genetic ablation of both Olig1 and Olig2 results in defective astrocyte morphology,including reduced process complexity and an immature gene expression profile.Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a shift towards a less mature astrocyte state,marked by elevated levels of HOPX and GFAP,resembling human astrocytes.Mechanistically,Olig1 and Olig2 bind directly to the Bmp7 enhancer,repressing its expression to promote astrocyte maturation.Overexpression of Bmp7 in vivo replicates the astrocyte defects seen in Olig1/2 double mutants,confirming the critical role of BMP7 signaling in this process.These findings provide insights into the transcriptional and signaling pathways regulating astrocyte development and highlight Olig1 and Olig2 as key regulators of cortical astrocyte maturation,with potential implications for understanding glial dysfunction in neurological diseases.展开更多
目的:本研究主要探讨糖肾平对糖尿病肾病(DKD)KK-Ay小鼠肾脏保护作用及其对TGF-β_1/Samd6/BMP7信号通路的影响。方法:10只雌性C57BL/6J小鼠作为对照组。雌性10周龄KK-Ay小鼠60只,KK鼠料诱导10周后建立糖尿病肾病动物模型。模型小鼠按...目的:本研究主要探讨糖肾平对糖尿病肾病(DKD)KK-Ay小鼠肾脏保护作用及其对TGF-β_1/Samd6/BMP7信号通路的影响。方法:10只雌性C57BL/6J小鼠作为对照组。雌性10周龄KK-Ay小鼠60只,KK鼠料诱导10周后建立糖尿病肾病动物模型。模型小鼠按体质量和血糖区组分层随机法分为模型组、厄贝沙坦组与糖肾平小、中、大剂量组。厄贝沙坦组,糖肾平小、中、大剂量组均灌胃给药,正常组、模型组用等体积去离子水灌胃。每4周称体质量和测24 h尿蛋白定量。实验第26周,眼球取血并处死小鼠,称肾脏质量、测血糖,分离血清测BUN、Scr、TG、MDA、NO和SOD;HE染色和Mallory染色观察肾组织病理形态;原位杂交、免疫组化、Western blot检测肾组织TGF-β_1、Samd6、BMP7、α-SMA、E-Cadherin m RNA及蛋白表达。结果:与模型组比较,各治疗组体质量、肾质量/体质量、尿蛋白降低,其中糖肾平中、大剂量组有显著性差异(P<0.01);肾脏病理损害明显减轻,FBG、血清BUN、Scr、TG和MDA含量明显降低(P<0.01),NO、SOD含量明显增加(P<0.01),Samd6、BMP7和E-Cadherin m RNA及蛋白的表达量增加,TGF-β_1和α-SMA m RNA及蛋白的表达量减少,其中糖肾平大剂量组有显著性差异(P<0.01),糖肾平的治疗效果呈剂量依赖关系。结论:糖肾平对DKD KK-Ay小鼠肾脏保护及逆转肾小管上皮细胞转分化的作用,可能与下调氧化应激水平及调节TGF-β_1/Samd6/BMP7信号通路有关,这为DKD"肾痿"学说提供了新的实验依据。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271197,81974175,31820103006,32070971,32200792,32200776).
文摘Astrocyte maturation is crucial for brain function,yet the mechanisms regulating this process remain poorly understood.In this study,we identify the bHLH transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 as essential coordinators of cortical astrocyte maturation.We demonstrate that Olig1 and Olig2 work synergistically to regulate cortical astrocyte maturation by modulating Bmp7 expression.Genetic ablation of both Olig1 and Olig2 results in defective astrocyte morphology,including reduced process complexity and an immature gene expression profile.Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a shift towards a less mature astrocyte state,marked by elevated levels of HOPX and GFAP,resembling human astrocytes.Mechanistically,Olig1 and Olig2 bind directly to the Bmp7 enhancer,repressing its expression to promote astrocyte maturation.Overexpression of Bmp7 in vivo replicates the astrocyte defects seen in Olig1/2 double mutants,confirming the critical role of BMP7 signaling in this process.These findings provide insights into the transcriptional and signaling pathways regulating astrocyte development and highlight Olig1 and Olig2 as key regulators of cortical astrocyte maturation,with potential implications for understanding glial dysfunction in neurological diseases.
文摘目的:本研究主要探讨糖肾平对糖尿病肾病(DKD)KK-Ay小鼠肾脏保护作用及其对TGF-β_1/Samd6/BMP7信号通路的影响。方法:10只雌性C57BL/6J小鼠作为对照组。雌性10周龄KK-Ay小鼠60只,KK鼠料诱导10周后建立糖尿病肾病动物模型。模型小鼠按体质量和血糖区组分层随机法分为模型组、厄贝沙坦组与糖肾平小、中、大剂量组。厄贝沙坦组,糖肾平小、中、大剂量组均灌胃给药,正常组、模型组用等体积去离子水灌胃。每4周称体质量和测24 h尿蛋白定量。实验第26周,眼球取血并处死小鼠,称肾脏质量、测血糖,分离血清测BUN、Scr、TG、MDA、NO和SOD;HE染色和Mallory染色观察肾组织病理形态;原位杂交、免疫组化、Western blot检测肾组织TGF-β_1、Samd6、BMP7、α-SMA、E-Cadherin m RNA及蛋白表达。结果:与模型组比较,各治疗组体质量、肾质量/体质量、尿蛋白降低,其中糖肾平中、大剂量组有显著性差异(P<0.01);肾脏病理损害明显减轻,FBG、血清BUN、Scr、TG和MDA含量明显降低(P<0.01),NO、SOD含量明显增加(P<0.01),Samd6、BMP7和E-Cadherin m RNA及蛋白的表达量增加,TGF-β_1和α-SMA m RNA及蛋白的表达量减少,其中糖肾平大剂量组有显著性差异(P<0.01),糖肾平的治疗效果呈剂量依赖关系。结论:糖肾平对DKD KK-Ay小鼠肾脏保护及逆转肾小管上皮细胞转分化的作用,可能与下调氧化应激水平及调节TGF-β_1/Samd6/BMP7信号通路有关,这为DKD"肾痿"学说提供了新的实验依据。
