Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospi...Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected.All patients received cervical Pap smear examination,and patients with abnormal examination results underwent colposcopic biopsy and HPV infection test for cervical cancer screening.Results:The results of cervical Pap smear showed that a total of 780 patients among 1200 patients showed cervical abnormalities.The Pap smear combined with colposcopy was used for pathological examination to detect cervical cancer lesions in time,and biopsy and HPV infection examination were arranged for high-risk patients to provide data reference for clinical treatment.Conclusions:Pathological examination has a good screening effect in gynecological physical examination.It can detect lesions early and take timely intervention measures,which is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Early detection of acute appendicitis(AA)in pediatric cases,critical to avoiding life-threatening complications such as perforation or abscess,remains challenging.AIM To evaluate the utility of abdominal ul...BACKGROUND Early detection of acute appendicitis(AA)in pediatric cases,critical to avoiding life-threatening complications such as perforation or abscess,remains challenging.AIM To evaluate the utility of abdominal ultrasonography(AUS)in diagnosing pediatric AA.METHODS Overall,102 pediatric patients(aged 3-12 years)suspected of having AA were enrolled and divided into the AA(n=78)and non-AA(n=24)groups.All children underwent AUS and computed tomography(CT).Comparative analyses regarding general patient characteristics and appendix-specific parameters were conducted.The diagnostic performance of AUS and CT in pediatric AA was evaluated.RESULTS All appendix-related parameters were greater in the AA group than in the non-AA group.The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves for pediatric AA diagnosis using AUS,CT,and AUS+CT were 0.870,0.824,and 0.931(all P<0.001),respectively(AUS:94.87%sensitivity,79.17%specificity;CT:89.74%sensitivity,75.00%specificity;combined:98.72%sensitivity,87.50%specificity).The positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),accuracy rate,positive detection rate,and misdiagnosis rate of AUS were 93.67%,82.61%,91.18%,72.55%,and 20.83%,respectively.CT had a slightly lower PPV(92.11%)and NPV(69.23%),along with accuracy,positive detection,and misdiagnosis rates of 86.27%,68.63%,and 25%,respectively.Their combination improved performance,yielding 96.25%PPV,95.45%NPV,96.08%accuracy,75.49%positive detection rate,and 12.50%misdiagnosis rate.CONCLUSION AUS demonstrates certain diagnostic potential in AA diagnosis in pediatric patients,and its combination with CT further improves diagnostic efficacy.展开更多
Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) technology, as a revolutionary digital technology in the field of pathology, is gradually changing the traditional clinical pathological diagnosis model. By converting traditional glass patho...Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) technology, as a revolutionary digital technology in the field of pathology, is gradually changing the traditional clinical pathological diagnosis model. By converting traditional glass pathological sections into complete digital images through high-resolution scanning, it provides a new method for pathological diagnosis. Based on this, this paper studies the application of WSI technology in clinical pathological diagnosis, elaborates on its application value, analyzes the current application status, and proposes corresponding application countermeasures, aiming to provide reference for the standardized and popularized development of this technology in clinical pathological diagnosis.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application value of a machine learning-based prediction model in assessing the prognosis of septic children in the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)and provide data support for clinical dec...Objective:To explore the application value of a machine learning-based prediction model in assessing the prognosis of septic children in the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)and provide data support for clinical decision-making.Methods:A total of 180 septic children admitted to the PICU of a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected.They were divided into a control group(90 cases,using traditional scoring methods to predict prognosis)and an observation group(90 cases,using a multivariable model based on machine learning algorithms to predict prognosis)according to the random number table method.General information,laboratory indicators,and clinical interventions were collected.Various models such as Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and Logistic Regression(LR)were established.The model performance was evaluated using ROC curve,AUC value,accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity.Results:The machine learning models performed better than traditional scoring methods in predicting the 28-day mortality rate of septic children.Among them,the RF model achieved an AUC value of 0.921,a sensitivity of 85.6%,and a specificity of 88.1%,which were significantly higher than the PIM3 score(AUC 0.762).The prediction accuracy and timeliness of clinical intervention in the observation group were significantly improved,leading to a shortened hospital stay and reduced mortality rate(p<0.05).Conclusion:The prediction model based on machine learning can more accurately assess the prognostic risk of septic children in PICU,showing good clinical application prospects and providing references for individualized treatment and optimal resource allocation.展开更多
Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic forest tree species in China,of which the different tissues and organs are widely used in traditional medicine for their abundant bioactive ingredients.Previous studies alway...Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic forest tree species in China,of which the different tissues and organs are widely used in traditional medicine for their abundant bioactive ingredients.Previous studies always focused on the Eucommia gum,a potential alternative to natural rubber because of its“rubber plastic duality”.In recent years,Eucommia has increasingly attracted more attention and interest for its excellent nutritional and economic value,with the deepening of research and the development of products involving in the application of bioactive ingredients.However,the dietary health effects and future application prospects of the bioactive components of E.ulmoides have not been systematically summarized.Therefore,we firstly reviewed the main bioactive ingredients category,structural characteristics,extraction methods and nutritive value.Furthermore,we also summarized the wide application of bioactive ingredients in food and medicine fields.Finally,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the safety and future development of products derived from E.ulmoides,as well as exploring potential applications for its bioactive constituents,aiming to facilitate further extensive investigation into its utilization.展开更多
Metal halides have attracted worldwide attention as exceptional optoelectronic materials.Over the past decade,research on metal halides has yielded remarkable progress,and their color-conversion applications have show...Metal halides have attracted worldwide attention as exceptional optoelectronic materials.Over the past decade,research on metal halides has yielded remarkable progress,and their color-conversion applications have shown considerable promise for commercialization.With the reporting of self-trapped exciton(STE)emission in perovskites,the application of metal halides as broadband emitting materials in the lighting field has gained increas-ing interest.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of metal halide STE emitters,especially for lighting applications.We begin with highlighting the ideal spectral characteristics and corresponding performance metrics for lighting.This is followed by a systematic summary of the mechanisms,optimization strategies,and recent advances of STE emission in metal halides.Finally,we outline the major challenges and prospective trends for metal halide STE emitters.This review aims to offer valuable insights into metal halide STE emitters and their lighting applications for facilitating the future commercialization.展开更多
This paper is concerned with a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations with a disturbance parameter in the integral boundary conditions on the infinite interval.By using Guo-Krasnoselskii fixed point theo...This paper is concerned with a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations with a disturbance parameter in the integral boundary conditions on the infinite interval.By using Guo-Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem,fixed point index theory and the analytic technique,we give the bifurcation point of the parameter which divides the range of parameter for the existence of at least two,one and no positive solutions for the problem.And,by using a fixed point theorem of generalized concave operator and cone theory,we establish the maximum parameter interval for the existence of the unique positive solution for the problem and show that such a positive solution continuously depends on the parameter.In the end,some examples are given to illustrate our main results.展开更多
This paper grasps the research theme of artificial intelligence(AI)and human intelligence(HI)synergy to create value,and analyzes the development status of AI and HI in the current context of digital intelligence,as w...This paper grasps the research theme of artificial intelligence(AI)and human intelligence(HI)synergy to create value,and analyzes the development status of AI and HI in the current context of digital intelligence,as well as the significance of their synergy to empower value creation.At the same time,the theory of resource arrangement is introduced,and the connotation and composition of the theory are summarized,as well as the development in the field of research and application.This paper focuses on revealing the intrinsic relationship between resource orchestration theory and AI and HI collaborative work,aiming to fully explore the potential of resource orchestration theory in the collaborative innovation of AI and HI,and put forward practical suggestions based on this.展开更多
In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point res...In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point results are established in the framework of metric spaces.Based on the presented work,some examples reflecting decision-making problems related to real life are also solved.The suggested method’s flexibility and efficacy compared to conventional techniques are demonstrated in decision-making situations involving uncertainty,such as choosing the best options in multi-criteria settings.We noted that the presented work combines and generalizes two major concepts,the idea of soft sets and hesitant fuzzy set-valued mapping from the existing literature.展开更多
Extreme traffic loads significantly challenge the safety and cost-effectiveness of highway bridges,especially under site-specific traffic conditions.Conventional assessments often rely on overly conservative load mode...Extreme traffic loads significantly challenge the safety and cost-effectiveness of highway bridges,especially under site-specific traffic conditions.Conventional assessments often rely on overly conservative load models,leading to excessive structural design.In this study,a framework for the prediction of maximum bending moments in simply supported bridges is developed by integrating weigh-in-motion(WIM)data,traffic microsimulation,and generalized extreme value(GEV)regression modeling to establish relationships between the GEV parameters(μ,σ,ξ)and traffic factors—heavy vehicle proportion,bridge span length,vehicle speed,headway,and traffic volume.Using one-year WIM data from 7.4 million vehicles,the developed models for μ and σ exhibit high predictive accuracy(R^(2)>0.95)and are validated through leave-one-out cross-validation.The prediction of ξ is less accurate(R^(2)≈0.6),requiring further improvement.Applying these models to a 1000-year return level yields a reliable,data-driven extrapolation,supporting optimized bridge design and safety assessment under varying traffic conditions.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women globally and poses a major public health challenge due to limitations in traditional diagnostic and treatment processes,such as subjective interpretation bi...Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women globally and poses a major public health challenge due to limitations in traditional diagnostic and treatment processes,such as subjective interpretation biases and inefficient multidimensional data integration.Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly deep learning and machine learning technologies,has emerged as a transformative tool in addressing these issues.Clinically,AI has been widely applied in imaging screening to improve detection rates and reduce reading time,digital pathology for precise tumor typing and gene mutation prediction,treatment decisionsupport systems to enhance guideline compliance,and drug research and development to accelerate target identification and virtual screening.Despite these achievements,AI implementation faces challenges,such as data standardization issues,limited model generalization,low clinical accessibility,and unclear ethical-legal responsibilities,which require targeted solutions that include national data standards,multi-center training,hierarchical physician training,and explainable AI.Future directions involve multimodal data integration,human-AI collaborative multidisciplinary team models,and extension to full-cycle health management from prevention-to-rehabilitation.This review provides a systematic overview of the role of AI in breast cancer care,offering insights for clinical practice and scientific research innovation,and supporting the transition toward personalized and intelligent medicine in oncology.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Weak measurement offers a powerful framework for probing nonclassical features of quantum mechanics,with anomalous weak values serving as operational signatures of contextuality.While the anomalous weak value verifica...Weak measurement offers a powerful framework for probing nonclassical features of quantum mechanics,with anomalous weak values serving as operational signatures of contextuality.While the anomalous weak value verification of quantum contextuality has been predominantly investigated in the single-photon regime and analyzed under approximation condition of infinitesimally small perturbation strength.This study releases the approximation condition and takes into account the impact of perturbation strength on the rigor of the verification.And the investigation on the verification of contextuality is extended to the multi-photon scenarios for observing the influence of the correlation between photons on the verification.Without the limitation of infinitesimally small probability of disturbance,anomalous weak values are identified as necessary for contextuality to emerge,thereby refining the criterion proposed by Pusey[Phys.Rev.Lett.113200401(2014)].In the multi-photon scenarios,the emergence of contextuality also depends strongly on both the photon number and the photon-number distribution state.In particular,contextuality is found to be maximized when the single-photon component dominates and the second-order correlation is lower.These results highlight the critical role of photon statistics in experimental tests of contextuality via anomalous weak values.展开更多
Lignin,the most abundant natural aromatic polymer globally,has garnered considerable interest due to its rich and diverse active functional groups and its antioxidant,antimicrobial,and adhesive properties.Recent resea...Lignin,the most abundant natural aromatic polymer globally,has garnered considerable interest due to its rich and diverse active functional groups and its antioxidant,antimicrobial,and adhesive properties.Recent research has significantly improved the performance of lignin-based hydrogels,suggesting their substantial potential in fields such as biomedicine,environmental science,and agriculture.This paper reviews the process of lignin extraction,systematically introduces synthesis strategies for preparing lignin-based hydrogels,and discusses the current state of research on these hydrogels in biomedical and environmental protection fields.It concludes by identifying the existing challenges in lignin hydrogel research and envisioning future prospects and development trends.展开更多
Biomass is a resourcewhose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric carbon dioxide.It has numerous characteristics such as low carbon emissions,renewability,and environmental friendliness.The efficient utilization of...Biomass is a resourcewhose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric carbon dioxide.It has numerous characteristics such as low carbon emissions,renewability,and environmental friendliness.The efficient utilization of biomass plays a significant role in promoting the development of clean energy,alleviating environmental pressures,and achieving carbon neutrality goals.Among the numerous processing technologies of biomass,hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising thermochemical process that can decompose and convert biomass into hydrochar under relatively mild conditions of approximately 180℃–300℃,thereby enabling its efficient resource utilization.In addition,HTC can directly process feedstocks with high moisture content without the need for high-temperature drying,resulting in lower energy consumption.Based on a systematic analysis of the critical articles mainly published in 2011-2025 related to biomass,HTC,and hydrochar applications,in this review,the category of biomass was first classified and the chemical compositions were summarized.Then,the main chemical reaction pathways involved in biomass decomposition and transformation during the HTC process were introduced.Meanwhile,the roles of key process parameters,including reaction temperature,residence time,pH,feedstock type,pressure,mass ratio of biomass to water,and the use of catalysts on HTC,were carefully discussed.Finally,the applications of hydrochar in energy utilization,environmental remediation,soil improvement,adsorbent,microbial fermentation,and phosphorus recovery fields were highlighted.The future directions of the HTC process were also provided,which would respond to climate change by promoting the development of the sustainable carbon materials field.展开更多
The genus Actinidia is primarily functionally dioecious,and early sex identification plays a crucial role in improving breeding efficiency and reducing production costs.In this study,the accuracy of three sex-linked m...The genus Actinidia is primarily functionally dioecious,and early sex identification plays a crucial role in improving breeding efficiency and reducing production costs.In this study,the accuracy of three sex-linked molecular markers(SyGI[Shy Girl],FrBy[Friendly Boy],and SmY1)in sex identification was evaluated in various Actinidia species.The selected marker products were subsequently cloned and sequenced in six wild Actinidia species.Ninety-six wild A.chinensis chinensis accessions and 74 A.chinensis deliciosa accessions,most of which were wild,with only one cultivated,were used for comprehensive primer validation.Thirty-three juvenile A.chinensis chinensis hybrid seedlings were used for practical application tests.The results showed that the marker SyGI accurately identified the sex of 20 samples from six Actinidia species and 96 A.chinensis chinensis accessions with 100%reliability.For Actinidia chinensis deliciosa,the identification accuracy reached 98.65%.Sequence analysis revealed that SyGI shared the highest similarity with the male-specific genomic region.Furthermore,SyGI achieved 100%accuracy in identifying the sex of 33 juvenile A.chinensis chinensis individuals.The findings confirm that the SyGI marker possesses high accuracy,strong specificity,and broad applicability,making it a valuable tool for kiwifruit breeding programs.The cloned sequences from wild Actinidia species also provide important references for future research on the mechanisms of sexual evolution and determination.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Although the Confusion Assessment Methods for the Intensive Care Unit(CAMICU) is a recommended tool for diagnosing sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE),it has several limitations.Mismatch-negativity(MMN) a...BACKGROUND:Although the Confusion Assessment Methods for the Intensive Care Unit(CAMICU) is a recommended tool for diagnosing sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE),it has several limitations.Mismatch-negativity(MMN) and P3a are components of event-related potentials(ERPs) used with electroencephalography(EEG) and are associated with cerebral function changes in critically ill patients.This study aimed to provide a quantitative,non-invasive method to guide SAE diagnosis in nonsedated patients.METHODS:From January 2022 to March 2023,sepsis patients without sedation were enrolled and assessed via the CAM-ICU,Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS),and ERP under standard procedures.Both MMN and P3a data were collected.The diagnostic value of MMN and P3a was assessed with processed ERP data.RESULTS:Thirty-six patients were included in this study,comprising 19 patients with SAE and 17 patients without SAE(NSAE).MMN and P3a amplitudes decreased,and only FzMMN amplitude significantly decreased in SAE patients(2.03 [1.08,2.93] mV vs.3.21 [1.92,4.34] mV,P=0.040).After median dichotomization,low F3P3a and FzP3a amplitudes were associated with higher CAM-ICU positivity rates and APACHE II scores.Both amplitude in F3P3a(AUC=0.710,95%CI:0.527–0.893,P=0.034) and FzP3a(AUC=0.700,95%CI:0.519–0.881,P=0.041) exhibited moderate diagnostic efficacy for SAE,while FzMMN amplitude lacks effective diagnostic value.CONCLUSION:In this pilot study,ERP components F3P3a and FzP3a amplitudes demonstrated moderate diagnostic value for SAE.These exploratory findings require confirmation in larger and powered cohorts.展开更多
The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents.In this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)derived from fish emerge as a highly promising strategic ...The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents.In this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)derived from fish emerge as a highly promising strategic resource,owing to their unique structural diversity and the exceptional adaptability and tolerance conferred by evolutionary pressures in aquatic environments.This review systematically synthesizes key advances in fish-derived AMP research.It details their diverse sourcing avenues,encompassing tissues from live fish(e.g.,skin,mucus,gills,intestines)and processing byproducts(e.g.,scales,skins,viscera).The discussion covers efficient isolation,purification,and synthesis strategies,and critically examines their defining feature:unique multi-target synergistic antimicrobial mechanisms(including microbial membrane disruption,intracellular targeting,and immunomodulation),which contribute to a reduced propensity for resistance development.To address inherent limitations of natural AMPs(such as susceptibility to proteolysis and potential toxicity),the review highlights innovative optimization approaches,including computational-aided rational design,amino acid modification,cyclization,and hybrid peptide construction.Furthermore,the review elaborates on their significant application potential across crucial domains:food preservation(inhibiting spoilage organisms,extending shelf-life),sustainable aquaculture(as antibiotic alternatives,enhancing disease resistance,improving water quality),and the development of novel anti-infective therapeutics(particularly against drug-resistant infections).Therefore,this work aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation and innovative strategic insights to foster in-depth research and the sustainable exploitation of this vital strategic biological resource.展开更多
Graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)stands out as the most promising candidate for solar energy conversion owing to its easy preparation,metal-free nature,flexible molecular structure,moderate bandgap,and excellent thermal/...Graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)stands out as the most promising candidate for solar energy conversion owing to its easy preparation,metal-free nature,flexible molecular structure,moderate bandgap,and excellent thermal/chemical stability.To enhance the performance of intrinsic g-CN,a supramolecular self-assembly strategy has been proposed to regulate the molecular structure of supramolecular precursors through non-covalent interactions across molecular building blocks,thereby optimizing the electronic structure of g-CN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in supramolecular self-assembly-derived graphitic carbon nitride(SM-CN)from both experimental and theoretical computational research in synthesis strategies,including synthesis methods and influencing factors,providing a theoretical foundation for the design of supramolecular assembly.It also discusses modification strategies,such as internal modification of the conjugated plane,interlayer optimization,and construction of heterointerfaces to improve the electronic structure of SM-CN owing to its unique layered structure.This review further summarizes the applications of SM-CN in environment and energy,including wastewater treatment,sterilization and disinfection/air purification,water splitting,H_(2)O_(2)production,organic synthesis/biomass conversion,CO_(2)reduction,photocatalytic coupling technology.Finally,perspectives and outlooks for the future development of SM-CN aim to inspire further innovation in the design and construction of high-performance SM-CN for broader applications.展开更多
Natural evolution has endowed biological surfaces with unique microstructural features,enabling them to achieve complex functions such as grasping,climbing,and self-cleaning through precise regulation of adhesion.Insp...Natural evolution has endowed biological surfaces with unique microstructural features,enabling them to achieve complex functions such as grasping,climbing,and self-cleaning through precise regulation of adhesion.Inspired by this,bioinspired adhesive microstructures have shown tremendous application potential in the rapidly advancing and highly innovative biomedical field.This paper systematically reviews the adhesion systems of biological surfaces like those of geckos and tree frogs,and conducts an in-depth analysis of the adhesion mechanisms underlying various microstructures and their corresponding bioinspired adhesives from the critical perspective of structural characteristics.It reviews different types of interfacial adhesion models,with special emphasis on the suitability of the Cantor-Borodich profile model for accurately describing multiscale hierarchical adhesive structures in diverse and complex biological systems.The paper focuses on elaborating the significant contributions of bioinspired adhesives in biomedical engineering,particularly their practical and impactful applications in wearable medical devices such as stable adhesion in dynamic physiological environments,surgical instruments such as low-damage soft tissue gripping,and drug delivery systems such as enhanced transdermal delivery efficiency.Additionally,it outlines current development prospects and key challenges such as long-term biocompatibility,environmental adaptability,and structure-function synergistic optimization,providing new ideas and valuable references for further research and application of bioinspired adhesive microstructures in biomedical engineering.展开更多
文摘Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected.All patients received cervical Pap smear examination,and patients with abnormal examination results underwent colposcopic biopsy and HPV infection test for cervical cancer screening.Results:The results of cervical Pap smear showed that a total of 780 patients among 1200 patients showed cervical abnormalities.The Pap smear combined with colposcopy was used for pathological examination to detect cervical cancer lesions in time,and biopsy and HPV infection examination were arranged for high-risk patients to provide data reference for clinical treatment.Conclusions:Pathological examination has a good screening effect in gynecological physical examination.It can detect lesions early and take timely intervention measures,which is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.
文摘BACKGROUND Early detection of acute appendicitis(AA)in pediatric cases,critical to avoiding life-threatening complications such as perforation or abscess,remains challenging.AIM To evaluate the utility of abdominal ultrasonography(AUS)in diagnosing pediatric AA.METHODS Overall,102 pediatric patients(aged 3-12 years)suspected of having AA were enrolled and divided into the AA(n=78)and non-AA(n=24)groups.All children underwent AUS and computed tomography(CT).Comparative analyses regarding general patient characteristics and appendix-specific parameters were conducted.The diagnostic performance of AUS and CT in pediatric AA was evaluated.RESULTS All appendix-related parameters were greater in the AA group than in the non-AA group.The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves for pediatric AA diagnosis using AUS,CT,and AUS+CT were 0.870,0.824,and 0.931(all P<0.001),respectively(AUS:94.87%sensitivity,79.17%specificity;CT:89.74%sensitivity,75.00%specificity;combined:98.72%sensitivity,87.50%specificity).The positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),accuracy rate,positive detection rate,and misdiagnosis rate of AUS were 93.67%,82.61%,91.18%,72.55%,and 20.83%,respectively.CT had a slightly lower PPV(92.11%)and NPV(69.23%),along with accuracy,positive detection,and misdiagnosis rates of 86.27%,68.63%,and 25%,respectively.Their combination improved performance,yielding 96.25%PPV,95.45%NPV,96.08%accuracy,75.49%positive detection rate,and 12.50%misdiagnosis rate.CONCLUSION AUS demonstrates certain diagnostic potential in AA diagnosis in pediatric patients,and its combination with CT further improves diagnostic efficacy.
文摘Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) technology, as a revolutionary digital technology in the field of pathology, is gradually changing the traditional clinical pathological diagnosis model. By converting traditional glass pathological sections into complete digital images through high-resolution scanning, it provides a new method for pathological diagnosis. Based on this, this paper studies the application of WSI technology in clinical pathological diagnosis, elaborates on its application value, analyzes the current application status, and proposes corresponding application countermeasures, aiming to provide reference for the standardized and popularized development of this technology in clinical pathological diagnosis.
文摘Objective:To explore the application value of a machine learning-based prediction model in assessing the prognosis of septic children in the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)and provide data support for clinical decision-making.Methods:A total of 180 septic children admitted to the PICU of a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected.They were divided into a control group(90 cases,using traditional scoring methods to predict prognosis)and an observation group(90 cases,using a multivariable model based on machine learning algorithms to predict prognosis)according to the random number table method.General information,laboratory indicators,and clinical interventions were collected.Various models such as Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and Logistic Regression(LR)were established.The model performance was evaluated using ROC curve,AUC value,accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity.Results:The machine learning models performed better than traditional scoring methods in predicting the 28-day mortality rate of septic children.Among them,the RF model achieved an AUC value of 0.921,a sensitivity of 85.6%,and a specificity of 88.1%,which were significantly higher than the PIM3 score(AUC 0.762).The prediction accuracy and timeliness of clinical intervention in the observation group were significantly improved,leading to a shortened hospital stay and reduced mortality rate(p<0.05).Conclusion:The prediction model based on machine learning can more accurately assess the prognostic risk of septic children in PICU,showing good clinical application prospects and providing references for individualized treatment and optimal resource allocation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201586 and 32301760)Key Specialized Research and Development Program in Henan Province(232102110218)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Research Start-Up Fund of Henan Province(HN2022112)Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University(30501318).
文摘Eucommia ulmoides is an important economic forest tree species in China,of which the different tissues and organs are widely used in traditional medicine for their abundant bioactive ingredients.Previous studies always focused on the Eucommia gum,a potential alternative to natural rubber because of its“rubber plastic duality”.In recent years,Eucommia has increasingly attracted more attention and interest for its excellent nutritional and economic value,with the deepening of research and the development of products involving in the application of bioactive ingredients.However,the dietary health effects and future application prospects of the bioactive components of E.ulmoides have not been systematically summarized.Therefore,we firstly reviewed the main bioactive ingredients category,structural characteristics,extraction methods and nutritive value.Furthermore,we also summarized the wide application of bioactive ingredients in food and medicine fields.Finally,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the safety and future development of products derived from E.ulmoides,as well as exploring potential applications for its bioactive constituents,aiming to facilitate further extensive investigation into its utilization.
文摘Metal halides have attracted worldwide attention as exceptional optoelectronic materials.Over the past decade,research on metal halides has yielded remarkable progress,and their color-conversion applications have shown considerable promise for commercialization.With the reporting of self-trapped exciton(STE)emission in perovskites,the application of metal halides as broadband emitting materials in the lighting field has gained increas-ing interest.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of metal halide STE emitters,especially for lighting applications.We begin with highlighting the ideal spectral characteristics and corresponding performance metrics for lighting.This is followed by a systematic summary of the mechanisms,optimization strategies,and recent advances of STE emission in metal halides.Finally,we outline the major challenges and prospective trends for metal halide STE emitters.This review aims to offer valuable insights into metal halide STE emitters and their lighting applications for facilitating the future commercialization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11361047)Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(20210302124529)。
文摘This paper is concerned with a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations with a disturbance parameter in the integral boundary conditions on the infinite interval.By using Guo-Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem,fixed point index theory and the analytic technique,we give the bifurcation point of the parameter which divides the range of parameter for the existence of at least two,one and no positive solutions for the problem.And,by using a fixed point theorem of generalized concave operator and cone theory,we establish the maximum parameter interval for the existence of the unique positive solution for the problem and show that such a positive solution continuously depends on the parameter.In the end,some examples are given to illustrate our main results.
文摘This paper grasps the research theme of artificial intelligence(AI)and human intelligence(HI)synergy to create value,and analyzes the development status of AI and HI in the current context of digital intelligence,as well as the significance of their synergy to empower value creation.At the same time,the theory of resource arrangement is introduced,and the connotation and composition of the theory are summarized,as well as the development in the field of research and application.This paper focuses on revealing the intrinsic relationship between resource orchestration theory and AI and HI collaborative work,aiming to fully explore the potential of resource orchestration theory in the collaborative innovation of AI and HI,and put forward practical suggestions based on this.
基金funded by National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok with Contract No.KMUTNB-FF-68-B-46.
文摘In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point results are established in the framework of metric spaces.Based on the presented work,some examples reflecting decision-making problems related to real life are also solved.The suggested method’s flexibility and efficacy compared to conventional techniques are demonstrated in decision-making situations involving uncertainty,such as choosing the best options in multi-criteria settings.We noted that the presented work combines and generalizes two major concepts,the idea of soft sets and hesitant fuzzy set-valued mapping from the existing literature.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278149)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BZ2024015)+1 种基金the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-Speed Railway(No.2023YJ375)the Opening Project of Zhejiang Engineering Centre of Road and Bridge Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology(No.202402G).
文摘Extreme traffic loads significantly challenge the safety and cost-effectiveness of highway bridges,especially under site-specific traffic conditions.Conventional assessments often rely on overly conservative load models,leading to excessive structural design.In this study,a framework for the prediction of maximum bending moments in simply supported bridges is developed by integrating weigh-in-motion(WIM)data,traffic microsimulation,and generalized extreme value(GEV)regression modeling to establish relationships between the GEV parameters(μ,σ,ξ)and traffic factors—heavy vehicle proportion,bridge span length,vehicle speed,headway,and traffic volume.Using one-year WIM data from 7.4 million vehicles,the developed models for μ and σ exhibit high predictive accuracy(R^(2)>0.95)and are validated through leave-one-out cross-validation.The prediction of ξ is less accurate(R^(2)≈0.6),requiring further improvement.Applying these models to a 1000-year return level yields a reliable,data-driven extrapolation,supporting optimized bridge design and safety assessment under varying traffic conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82404074)the Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2024ZD0519805).
文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women globally and poses a major public health challenge due to limitations in traditional diagnostic and treatment processes,such as subjective interpretation biases and inefficient multidimensional data integration.Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly deep learning and machine learning technologies,has emerged as a transformative tool in addressing these issues.Clinically,AI has been widely applied in imaging screening to improve detection rates and reduce reading time,digital pathology for precise tumor typing and gene mutation prediction,treatment decisionsupport systems to enhance guideline compliance,and drug research and development to accelerate target identification and virtual screening.Despite these achievements,AI implementation faces challenges,such as data standardization issues,limited model generalization,low clinical accessibility,and unclear ethical-legal responsibilities,which require targeted solutions that include national data standards,multi-center training,hierarchical physician training,and explainable AI.Future directions involve multimodal data integration,human-AI collaborative multidisciplinary team models,and extension to full-cycle health management from prevention-to-rehabilitation.This review provides a systematic overview of the role of AI in breast cancer care,offering insights for clinical practice and scientific research innovation,and supporting the transition toward personalized and intelligent medicine in oncology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant Nos.62371199 and 62071186)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2024A1515012427)+1 种基金the Quantum Science Strate-gic Initiative Project of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.GDZX2305001)the Key Laboratory Project of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2020B1212060066).
文摘Weak measurement offers a powerful framework for probing nonclassical features of quantum mechanics,with anomalous weak values serving as operational signatures of contextuality.While the anomalous weak value verification of quantum contextuality has been predominantly investigated in the single-photon regime and analyzed under approximation condition of infinitesimally small perturbation strength.This study releases the approximation condition and takes into account the impact of perturbation strength on the rigor of the verification.And the investigation on the verification of contextuality is extended to the multi-photon scenarios for observing the influence of the correlation between photons on the verification.Without the limitation of infinitesimally small probability of disturbance,anomalous weak values are identified as necessary for contextuality to emerge,thereby refining the criterion proposed by Pusey[Phys.Rev.Lett.113200401(2014)].In the multi-photon scenarios,the emergence of contextuality also depends strongly on both the photon number and the photon-number distribution state.In particular,contextuality is found to be maximized when the single-photon component dominates and the second-order correlation is lower.These results highlight the critical role of photon statistics in experimental tests of contextuality via anomalous weak values.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21706052,22278114)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421575).
文摘Lignin,the most abundant natural aromatic polymer globally,has garnered considerable interest due to its rich and diverse active functional groups and its antioxidant,antimicrobial,and adhesive properties.Recent research has significantly improved the performance of lignin-based hydrogels,suggesting their substantial potential in fields such as biomedicine,environmental science,and agriculture.This paper reviews the process of lignin extraction,systematically introduces synthesis strategies for preparing lignin-based hydrogels,and discusses the current state of research on these hydrogels in biomedical and environmental protection fields.It concludes by identifying the existing challenges in lignin hydrogel research and envisioning future prospects and development trends.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22578155,22478147)the Natural Science Foundation of Huaian City(HAB2024051).
文摘Biomass is a resourcewhose organic carbon is formed from atmospheric carbon dioxide.It has numerous characteristics such as low carbon emissions,renewability,and environmental friendliness.The efficient utilization of biomass plays a significant role in promoting the development of clean energy,alleviating environmental pressures,and achieving carbon neutrality goals.Among the numerous processing technologies of biomass,hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising thermochemical process that can decompose and convert biomass into hydrochar under relatively mild conditions of approximately 180℃–300℃,thereby enabling its efficient resource utilization.In addition,HTC can directly process feedstocks with high moisture content without the need for high-temperature drying,resulting in lower energy consumption.Based on a systematic analysis of the critical articles mainly published in 2011-2025 related to biomass,HTC,and hydrochar applications,in this review,the category of biomass was first classified and the chemical compositions were summarized.Then,the main chemical reaction pathways involved in biomass decomposition and transformation during the HTC process were introduced.Meanwhile,the roles of key process parameters,including reaction temperature,residence time,pH,feedstock type,pressure,mass ratio of biomass to water,and the use of catalysts on HTC,were carefully discussed.Finally,the applications of hydrochar in energy utilization,environmental remediation,soil improvement,adsorbent,microbial fermentation,and phosphorus recovery fields were highlighted.The future directions of the HTC process were also provided,which would respond to climate change by promoting the development of the sustainable carbon materials field.
基金funded by Sichuan Science and Technology Program,grant numbers 2021YFYZ0010,2023YFH0006,2025YFHZ0295The Basic Research Program of Sichuan Provincial Research Institutes,grant numbers 2024JDKY0001 and 2023JDKY0001.
文摘The genus Actinidia is primarily functionally dioecious,and early sex identification plays a crucial role in improving breeding efficiency and reducing production costs.In this study,the accuracy of three sex-linked molecular markers(SyGI[Shy Girl],FrBy[Friendly Boy],and SmY1)in sex identification was evaluated in various Actinidia species.The selected marker products were subsequently cloned and sequenced in six wild Actinidia species.Ninety-six wild A.chinensis chinensis accessions and 74 A.chinensis deliciosa accessions,most of which were wild,with only one cultivated,were used for comprehensive primer validation.Thirty-three juvenile A.chinensis chinensis hybrid seedlings were used for practical application tests.The results showed that the marker SyGI accurately identified the sex of 20 samples from six Actinidia species and 96 A.chinensis chinensis accessions with 100%reliability.For Actinidia chinensis deliciosa,the identification accuracy reached 98.65%.Sequence analysis revealed that SyGI shared the highest similarity with the male-specific genomic region.Furthermore,SyGI achieved 100%accuracy in identifying the sex of 33 juvenile A.chinensis chinensis individuals.The findings confirm that the SyGI marker possesses high accuracy,strong specificity,and broad applicability,making it a valuable tool for kiwifruit breeding programs.The cloned sequences from wild Actinidia species also provide important references for future research on the mechanisms of sexual evolution and determination.
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS)(No.2021-1-I2M-020)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (No.2022-PUMCH-B-109)National Natural Science Foundation of China (82402543)。
文摘BACKGROUND:Although the Confusion Assessment Methods for the Intensive Care Unit(CAMICU) is a recommended tool for diagnosing sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE),it has several limitations.Mismatch-negativity(MMN) and P3a are components of event-related potentials(ERPs) used with electroencephalography(EEG) and are associated with cerebral function changes in critically ill patients.This study aimed to provide a quantitative,non-invasive method to guide SAE diagnosis in nonsedated patients.METHODS:From January 2022 to March 2023,sepsis patients without sedation were enrolled and assessed via the CAM-ICU,Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS),and ERP under standard procedures.Both MMN and P3a data were collected.The diagnostic value of MMN and P3a was assessed with processed ERP data.RESULTS:Thirty-six patients were included in this study,comprising 19 patients with SAE and 17 patients without SAE(NSAE).MMN and P3a amplitudes decreased,and only FzMMN amplitude significantly decreased in SAE patients(2.03 [1.08,2.93] mV vs.3.21 [1.92,4.34] mV,P=0.040).After median dichotomization,low F3P3a and FzP3a amplitudes were associated with higher CAM-ICU positivity rates and APACHE II scores.Both amplitude in F3P3a(AUC=0.710,95%CI:0.527–0.893,P=0.034) and FzP3a(AUC=0.700,95%CI:0.519–0.881,P=0.041) exhibited moderate diagnostic efficacy for SAE,while FzMMN amplitude lacks effective diagnostic value.CONCLUSION:In this pilot study,ERP components F3P3a and FzP3a amplitudes demonstrated moderate diagnostic value for SAE.These exploratory findings require confirmation in larger and powered cohorts.
文摘The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance necessitates urgent development of novel antimicrobial agents.In this context,antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)derived from fish emerge as a highly promising strategic resource,owing to their unique structural diversity and the exceptional adaptability and tolerance conferred by evolutionary pressures in aquatic environments.This review systematically synthesizes key advances in fish-derived AMP research.It details their diverse sourcing avenues,encompassing tissues from live fish(e.g.,skin,mucus,gills,intestines)and processing byproducts(e.g.,scales,skins,viscera).The discussion covers efficient isolation,purification,and synthesis strategies,and critically examines their defining feature:unique multi-target synergistic antimicrobial mechanisms(including microbial membrane disruption,intracellular targeting,and immunomodulation),which contribute to a reduced propensity for resistance development.To address inherent limitations of natural AMPs(such as susceptibility to proteolysis and potential toxicity),the review highlights innovative optimization approaches,including computational-aided rational design,amino acid modification,cyclization,and hybrid peptide construction.Furthermore,the review elaborates on their significant application potential across crucial domains:food preservation(inhibiting spoilage organisms,extending shelf-life),sustainable aquaculture(as antibiotic alternatives,enhancing disease resistance,improving water quality),and the development of novel anti-infective therapeutics(particularly against drug-resistant infections).Therefore,this work aims to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation and innovative strategic insights to foster in-depth research and the sustainable exploitation of this vital strategic biological resource.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.52271228)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JC-ZD-21)the Doctoral Dissertation Innovation Fund of Xi'an University of Technology(No.101-252072301)。
文摘Graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)stands out as the most promising candidate for solar energy conversion owing to its easy preparation,metal-free nature,flexible molecular structure,moderate bandgap,and excellent thermal/chemical stability.To enhance the performance of intrinsic g-CN,a supramolecular self-assembly strategy has been proposed to regulate the molecular structure of supramolecular precursors through non-covalent interactions across molecular building blocks,thereby optimizing the electronic structure of g-CN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in supramolecular self-assembly-derived graphitic carbon nitride(SM-CN)from both experimental and theoretical computational research in synthesis strategies,including synthesis methods and influencing factors,providing a theoretical foundation for the design of supramolecular assembly.It also discusses modification strategies,such as internal modification of the conjugated plane,interlayer optimization,and construction of heterointerfaces to improve the electronic structure of SM-CN owing to its unique layered structure.This review further summarizes the applications of SM-CN in environment and energy,including wastewater treatment,sterilization and disinfection/air purification,water splitting,H_(2)O_(2)production,organic synthesis/biomass conversion,CO_(2)reduction,photocatalytic coupling technology.Finally,perspectives and outlooks for the future development of SM-CN aim to inspire further innovation in the design and construction of high-performance SM-CN for broader applications.
基金supported and funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(HWG2022001,12402135,52575201 and 12502114)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M763860)support from Chongqing City Science and Technology Program(Grant No.CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0760,CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0778 and CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0784).
文摘Natural evolution has endowed biological surfaces with unique microstructural features,enabling them to achieve complex functions such as grasping,climbing,and self-cleaning through precise regulation of adhesion.Inspired by this,bioinspired adhesive microstructures have shown tremendous application potential in the rapidly advancing and highly innovative biomedical field.This paper systematically reviews the adhesion systems of biological surfaces like those of geckos and tree frogs,and conducts an in-depth analysis of the adhesion mechanisms underlying various microstructures and their corresponding bioinspired adhesives from the critical perspective of structural characteristics.It reviews different types of interfacial adhesion models,with special emphasis on the suitability of the Cantor-Borodich profile model for accurately describing multiscale hierarchical adhesive structures in diverse and complex biological systems.The paper focuses on elaborating the significant contributions of bioinspired adhesives in biomedical engineering,particularly their practical and impactful applications in wearable medical devices such as stable adhesion in dynamic physiological environments,surgical instruments such as low-damage soft tissue gripping,and drug delivery systems such as enhanced transdermal delivery efficiency.Additionally,it outlines current development prospects and key challenges such as long-term biocompatibility,environmental adaptability,and structure-function synergistic optimization,providing new ideas and valuable references for further research and application of bioinspired adhesive microstructures in biomedical engineering.
