The ocean possesses a complex setting with high pressure,high salinity,oligotrophy,low temperature and weak illumination conditions.To survive and evolve in such harsh surroundings,marine organisms metabolize a series...The ocean possesses a complex setting with high pressure,high salinity,oligotrophy,low temperature and weak illumination conditions.To survive and evolve in such harsh surroundings,marine organisms metabolize a series of chemicals known as secondary metabolites which indicate structural and functional diversity to adapt interspecific survival competition.During recent decades,the anti-inflammatory property of marine natural products has come under scrutiny as inflammation involves in the vast majority of diseases.Correspondingly,a myriad of marine bioactive molecules including terpenes,polypeptides,polysaccharides,sterols and many others may bring a new insight into inflammation therapies with multifarious sources and minimal side effects.And a better understanding of their mechanisms of anti-inflammation may lead to better treatments for numerous diseases.Herein,the research progress of marine-derived anti-inflammation compounds and the relevant mechanisms were reviewed,to provide a basis for the research and development of anti-inflammatory marine drugs.展开更多
Background:The aim was to elucidate the function of IL-37 in middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)infection,thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for managing the clinical treatment of inflam...Background:The aim was to elucidate the function of IL-37 in middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)infection,thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for managing the clinical treatment of inflammatory response caused by respiratory virus infection.Methods:We investigated the development of MERS by infecting hDPP4 mice with hCoV-EMC(107 TCID50[50%tissue culture infectious dose])intranasally.We infected A549 cells with MERS-CoV,which concurrently interfered with IL-37,detecting the viral titer,viral load,and cytokine expression at certain points postinfection.Meanwhile,we administered IL-37(12.5μg/kg)intravenously to hDPP4 mice 2 h after MERS-CoV-2 infection and collected the serum and lungs 5 days after infection to investigate the efficacy of IL-37 in MERS-CoV infection.Results:The viral titer of MERS-CoV-infected A549 cells interfering with IL-37 was significantly reduced by 4.7-fold,and the viral load of MERS-CoV-infected hDPP4 mice was decreased by 59-fold in lung tissue.Furthermore,the administration of IL-37 suppressed inflammatory cytokine and chemokine(monocyte chemoattractant protein 1,interferon-γ,and IL-17A)expression and ameliorated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in hDPP4 mice.Conclusion:IL-37 exhibits protective properties in severe pneumonia induced by MERS-CoV infection.This effect is achieved through attenuation of lung viral load,suppression of inflammatory cytokine secretion,reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration,and mitigation of pulmonary injury.展开更多
In this paper,the anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and anti-asthma effects of isobavachalcone and their molecular mechanisms were reviewed to provide theoretical support for further research of isobavachalco...In this paper,the anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and anti-asthma effects of isobavachalcone and their molecular mechanisms were reviewed to provide theoretical support for further research of isobavachalcone and development of new drugs.展开更多
Camellia oil,which contains a high content of triterpene alcohol,is known for a series of bioactivities including anti-inflammation.Amyrins are recognized as high bioactivity of anti-inflammation.However,no comparativ...Camellia oil,which contains a high content of triterpene alcohol,is known for a series of bioactivities including anti-inflammation.Amyrins are recognized as high bioactivity of anti-inflammation.However,no comparative study on triterpene alcohols from camellia oil.In this study,four high content triterpene alcohols from camellia oil,namelyβ-amyrin,ψ-taraxasterol,parkeol,and butyrospermol were evaluated through lipopolysaccharide induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation.The results showed that butyrospermol exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity,surpassing that ofβ-amyrin.Characterization of signaling pathways showed that butyrospermol inhibited Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor KB(NF-kB)and mitogenactivated protein kinase(MAPK)pathways,suppressing the transcription of Tlr4,expression of p65,NF-kB inhibitorα(IkBa),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),and p38,and the phosphorylation of p65,IkBa,ERK,and p38.The anti-inflammatory effect of butyrospermol was further validated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced mouse ear edema.The results in mouse showed that butyrospermol could inhibit the increase of tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),p-JNK,P-p38,p-IkBa,and their corresponding mRNA levels.Our study provides new perspective on the antiinflammatory role of different triterpene alcohols and explaining the bioactivity of camellia oil.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties and underlying molecular mechanisms of 2,4',5'-trihydroxyl-5,2'-dibromo diphenylmethanone(LM49)using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model i...This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties and underlying molecular mechanisms of 2,4',5'-trihydroxyl-5,2'-dibromo diphenylmethanone(LM49)using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in mice,which serves as a well-established model for acute inflammation.Mice were randomly assigned into six groups,and acute inflammation was induced by injecting 1%carrageenan solution into the paw.To elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of LM49,a comprehensive approach was employed,including pathology,transcriptomics,flow cytometry,RT-qPCR,Western blotting analysis,and molecular docking analysis.The results demonstrated that LM49 exerted a significant protective effect by reducing paw edema and lowering serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand TNF-a,while concurrently elevating anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels.Transcriptomic analysis identified 453 differentially expressed genes in the LM49-treated group.KEGG and GO enrichment analyses indicated that LM49 suppressed the NF-kB signaling pathway and modulated several other immuneinflammatory pathways.Molecular docking studies identified eight key targets of LM49 within the NF-kB signaling pathway.Furthermore,Western blotting analysis confirmed that LM49 inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 and IB-αand downregulated the expression of MYD88 and TLR4 in mouse paw tissues.These findings provided a foundational understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of LM49,paving the way for further in-depth studies in this field.展开更多
Objective To investigate the protective effects of morusin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute liver injury in mice and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Thirty-two male specific pathogen-free(SPF)C57BL/6J mice w...Objective To investigate the protective effects of morusin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute liver injury in mice and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Thirty-two male specific pathogen-free(SPF)C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups(n=8 per group):control,LPS,low-dose morusin(morusin-L,10 mg/kg),and high-dose morusin(morusin-H,20 mg/kg)groups.The mice in each group were administered the corresponding drugs or normal saline via continuous gavage daily for 16 consecutive days.Except for control group,which received an equal volume of normal saline,other groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS(5 mg/kg)2 h after the last gavage to establish the acute liver injury model.Serum and liver tissues were collected for subsequent analysis 6 h after LPS injection.The activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)in serum were detected with biochemical methods.The levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1βin serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Hepatic pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The 16S ribosomal RNA(16S rRNA)sequencing was performed to assess the composition of intestinal flora,linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)was applied for multi-level species discrimination,and Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed.The liver tissues of mice with acute liver injury were analyzed by RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)technology to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs),and then enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway was conducted.The expression levels of selected genes was validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),while immunohistochemistry(IHC)was performed to examine the expression levels of IL-6,myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88),and toll-like receptor 2(TLR2).Results Morusin significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT,AST,and inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β)(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001),while alleviating the hepatic pathological damage in mice.Based on efficacy comparisons,morusin-H group was selected for subsequent microbiome and transcriptome analyses.Microbiome analysis revealed that morusin-H effectively mitigated LPS-induced gut dysbiosis and restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota balance(P<0.01).At the genus level,morusin-H significantly reduced the abundances of norank_f_Muribaculaceae,Desulfovibrio,Parabacteroides,and Muribaculum(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).At the phylum,family,and genus levels,our findings indicated that morusin-H treatment caused a significant decrease in the abundance of Desulfobacterota,Desulfovibrionaceae,and Desulfovibrio(P<0.01).Importantly,the abundance of Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with the levels of ALT,AST,TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6.Transcriptomic and molecular analyses showed that the therapeutic mechanism of morusin-H involved suppression of the IL-17/TNF signaling pathways and downregulating the mRNA levels of Tlr2,Tlr3,Myd88,Il6,and Cxcl10(P<0.05 or P<0.001),as well as the protein levels of key inflammatory mediators(IL-6,MYD88,and TLR2)(P<0.001).Conclusion Morusin demonstrates protective effects against LPS-induced acute liver injury,likely through modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of pro-inflammatory factor expression.These findings indicate that morusin exerts its effects through the"microbiota-inflammation-liver"axis,providing a theoretical basis for its use as a multi-target plant-based drug in the treatment of metabolic inflammation-related liver diseases.展开更多
Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms lig...Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms ligand bonds or hydrogen bonds with sulfur ions in lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),thus inhibiting the shuttle effect.Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that lithium‑sulfur(Li‑S)batteries employing the NH2‑SS interlayer exhibited discharge specific capacities of 1048 and 789 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2C and 2C,respectively,and even at 4C,the initial discharge specific capacity remained at 590 mAh·g^(-1),outperforming the Li‑S battery with unmodified SS as the interlayer.展开更多
Traditional Medicine Research published an article entitled Study of the anti-inflammatory effect of the Traditional Mongolian Medicine Hohgardi-9 in acute lung injury on 01 August 2023.The author confirmed this arti...Traditional Medicine Research published an article entitled Study of the anti-inflammatory effect of the Traditional Mongolian Medicine Hohgardi-9 in acute lung injury on 01 August 2023.The author confirmed this article’s proof on 31 July 2023 without any questions.But on 06 January 2025,the editorial team found an inconsistency between the number of SD rats purchased(n=20)and the sample size used in the experiment(n=50).展开更多
Chitosan(CTS)was grafted onto the surface of amino‑functionalized silver chloride silicon dioxide(AgCl@SiO_(2)‑NH_(2))cores to obtain AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticles.The as‑obtained AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS nanoparticle...Chitosan(CTS)was grafted onto the surface of amino‑functionalized silver chloride silicon dioxide(AgCl@SiO_(2)‑NH_(2))cores to obtain AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticles.The as‑obtained AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS nanoparticles were chlorinated by NaClO solution to get AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑based chloramine nano‑hybrid materials,denoted as AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of the as‑prepared samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.At the same time,an X‑ray diffractometer and an infrared spectroscope were utilized to characterize their crystal and chemical structures.Besides,ζpotentials were measured to elucidate the surface modification of AgCl nanoparticles by—NH_(2),the antibacterial mechanism of AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl was investigated by scanning electron microscopy,and Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were used as the to‑be‑tested strains to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.Findings demonstrate that sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS exhibits a chain‑like structure ascribed to the interaction between—NH_(2),and each AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticle contains several AgCl cores.In the meantime,sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus,which is attributed to the synergistic antibacterial effect of Ag^(+)and Cl^(-).Sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl with a dosage of 640.00μg·mL^(-1) could completely kill the two kinds of tested bacteria in 12 h of incubation;it retains a high antibacterial efficiency even after 10 cycles of antibacterial tests.展开更多
Rechargeable Zn/Sn-air batteries have received considerable attention as promising energy storage devices.However,the electrochemical performance of these batteries is significantly constrained by the sluggish electro...Rechargeable Zn/Sn-air batteries have received considerable attention as promising energy storage devices.However,the electrochemical performance of these batteries is significantly constrained by the sluggish electrocatalytic reaction kinetics at the cathode.The integration of light energy into Zn/Sn-air batteries is a promising strategy for enhancing their performance.However,the photothermal and photoelectric effects generate heat in the battery under prolonged solar irradiation,leading to air cathode instability.This paper presents the first design and synthesis of Ni_(2)-1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone(Ni_(2)DDA),an electronically conductiveπ-d conjugated metal-organic framework(MOF).Ni_(2)DDA exhibits both photoelectric and photothermal effects,with an optical band gap of~1.14 eV.Under illumination,Ni_(2)DDA achieves excellent oxygen evolution reaction performance(with an overpotential of 245 mV vs.reversible hydrogen electrode at 10 mA cm^(−2))and photothermal stability.These properties result from the synergy between the photoelectric and photothermal effects of Ni_(2)DDA.Upon integration into Zn/Sn-air batteries,Ni_(2)DDA ensures excellent cycling stability under light and exhibits remarkable performance in high-temperature environments up to 80℃.This study experimentally confirms the stable operation of photo-assisted Zn/Sn-air batteries under high-temperature conditions for the first time and provides novel insights into the application of electronically conductive MOFs in photoelectrocatalysis and photothermal catalysis.展开更多
Beam-tracking simulations have been extensively utilized in the study of collective beam instabilities in circular accelerators.Traditionally,many simulation codes have relied on central processing unit(CPU)-based met...Beam-tracking simulations have been extensively utilized in the study of collective beam instabilities in circular accelerators.Traditionally,many simulation codes have relied on central processing unit(CPU)-based methods,tracking on a single CPU core,or parallelizing the computation across multiple cores via the message passing interface(MPI).Although these approaches work well for single-bunch tracking,scaling them to multiple bunches significantly increases the computational load,which often necessitates the use of a dedicated multi-CPU cluster.To address this challenge,alternative methods leveraging General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units(GPGPU)have been proposed,enabling tracking studies on a standalone desktop personal computer(PC).However,frequent CPU-GPU interactions,including data transfers and synchronization operations during tracking,can introduce communication overheads,potentially reducing the overall effectiveness of GPU-based computations.In this study,we propose a novel approach that eliminates this overhead by performing the entire tracking simulation process exclusively on the GPU,thereby enabling the simultaneous processing of all bunches and their macro-particles.Specifically,we introduce MBTRACK2-CUDA,a Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)ported version of MBTRACK2,which facilitates efficient tracking of single-and multi-bunch collective effects by leveraging the full GPU-resident computation.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based ...[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based on the demonstration construction project of the ecological ditch-constructed wetland system in the Hetao Irrigation District,an experimental study was conducted from July to September 2023 to investigate the interception and purification effects of ecological ditches,constructed wetlands,and the combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system on farmland drainage pollutants.Key water quality parameters measured included total nitrogen(TN)concentration and total phosphorus(TP)concentration.[Results]Different treatment modes of ecological ditches and constructed wetlands have a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water bodies.The ecological ditches treated with Astragalus laxmannii,Melilotus officinalis,Medicago sativa,bio-ball substrate,and bio-sheet substrate showed reduction efficiencies for TN and TP of 21.09% and 23.84%,12.06% and 26.67%,20.08% and 34.15%,23.65% and 20.56%,and 19.92% and 25.83%,respectively.The emergent plant area showed reduction efficiencies of 24.28%for TN and 17.89%for TP,while the submerged plant area achieved a reduction efficiency of 10.21%for both TN and TP.Among the different treatment modes,the ecological ditch with M.sativa performed better in TP removal,whereas the bio-ball substrate treatment mode showed higher effectiveness in TN removal.In addition,the emergent plant area exhibited better TP removal performance,while the submerged plant area was more effective in TN removal.The combined system of ecological ditch and constructed wetland achieved removal rates of 37.55% for TN and 11.47% for TP.It effectively facilitates the step-by-step interception and adsorption purification of pollutants,thereby showing significant removal and purification effects on nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants.This contributes to mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution.[Conclusions]The combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system serves dual functions of agricultural drainage and pollutant interception and purification.It reduces the pollution load of farmland drainage on receiving water bodies to some extent and mitigates agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore,it is a relatively suitable technology for managing agricultural non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District.展开更多
Fe_(3)Sn_(2),a ferromagnetic metal with a kagome lattice,serves as an ideal platform for exploring topological electronic states and Berry curvature due to its unique band structure.However,systematic reports on the t...Fe_(3)Sn_(2),a ferromagnetic metal with a kagome lattice,serves as an ideal platform for exploring topological electronic states and Berry curvature due to its unique band structure.However,systematic reports on the transport properties of Fe_(3)Sn_(2)nanosheets remain scarce.We present temperature-dependent transport property measurements of Fe_(3)Sn_(2)nanosheets synthesized via chemical vapor deposition on Si/SiO_(2)substrates.The samples exhibit a robust anomalous Hall effect from 40 K to 300 K,along with a magnetoresistance sign reversal at 40 K at high magnetic fields,indicating a spin reorientation from in-plane to out-of-plane.Notably,a sharp crossover in the dominant transport contribution from electrons to holes near 200 K is observed,accompanied by distinct anomalous Hall behaviors in the two regimes,indicating a temperature-induced Lifshitz transition within the multi-band system.This divergence is potentially linked to a topological reconstruction of the Fermi surface across the transition.Our findings highlight the tunability of topological transport in two-dimensional kagome magnets and provide new insights into the interplay between band topology,dimensionality and magnetic order.展开更多
The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color...The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color parameters,anthocyanin content,and overall polyphenol levels in the wine samples.The copigmentation effect of malvidin-3-Oglucoside and sinapic acid was further explored in model solution and through theoretical calculations.The results indicated that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids significantly enhanced the wine's color with sinapic acid(before the fermentation)showing the most pronounced color protection effect.Compared to control samples,the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids resulted in a 36%increase in total phenolic content and a 28% increase in total anthocyanin content.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between sinapic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside was spontaneous and exothermic.Theoretical studies identified hydrogen bonding(HB)and dispersion forces as the main primary stabilizing forces,with the carboxyl group of sinapic acid playing a critical role while the anthocyanin backbone also influenced the interaction.展开更多
Benzalkonium chloride(BAC)is widely employed as a broad-spectrum biocide and has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant.Polymyxin B(PB)serves as the last-line defense for the treatment of Gram-negative patho...Benzalkonium chloride(BAC)is widely employed as a broad-spectrum biocide and has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant.Polymyxin B(PB)serves as the last-line defense for the treatment of Gram-negative pathogens.Previous studies reported that BAC-adapted Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased the tolerance to PB.Herein,we present the novel finding that the combination of BAC and PB exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects against P.aeruginosa.Time-killing assay demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial cell viability.Scanning electron microscopy,zeta potential analysis,hydrophobicity measurements,and fluorescence probe analyses collectively revealed severe disruption of the cell envelope and membrane potential induced by the combination of BAC and PB.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the BAC-PB combination notably downreg-ulated the expression of genes involved in lipid A modification and cell envelope production,including phoPQ,pmrAB,bamABCDE,lptABCDEG,lolB,yidC,and murJ.Additionally,the combination group exhibited augmented production of reactive oxygen species and diminished ATP synthesis.The expression of the genes associated with substance metabolism and energy generation was significantly impeded.This study provides significant implica-tions for the interactions of biocides and antibiotics on Gram-negative pathogens,while also addressing antibiotic resistance and developing the external treatment strategy for Pseudomonas-infected wounds and burns.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract.The global incidence and prevalence of IBD continu...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract.The global incidence and prevalence of IBD continue to increase.While multiple clinical treatments exist,conventional therapies frequently present limitations and adverse effects.Natural polysaccharides(PSs)have emerged as a significant focus of research interest due to their therapeutic potential and applications in functional foods and health products.This review synthesizes current understanding of IBD pathophysiology and the mechanisms by which natural PSs counter IBD,including their capacity to restore immune homeostasis and intestinal barrier function,modulate gut microbiota and metabolites,reduce oxidative stress,and address irregularities in autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS).The review examines the structure-activity relationships of PSs demonstrating anti-IBD effects and identifies promising therapeutic products.The discussion encompasses pharmacokinetics,safety evaluations,and clinical applications of these compounds.This comprehensive review establishes a theoretical foundation for developing natural PS-based therapeutic approaches for IBD management.展开更多
This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinic...This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate and compare alterations in the effective lens position(ELP)and refractive outcomes among three distinct intraocular lens(IOL)types.METHODS:Patients with cataracts were enrolled and allocated to 3 group...AIM:To evaluate and compare alterations in the effective lens position(ELP)and refractive outcomes among three distinct intraocular lens(IOL)types.METHODS:Patients with cataracts were enrolled and allocated to 3 groups:Group A(implanted with the SN6CWS),Group B(implanted with the MI60),and Group C(implanted with the Aspira-aA).ELP measurements were obtained with swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)at 1d,1wk,1mo,and 3mo postoperatively.Subjective refraction assessments were conducted at 1wk,1mo,and 3mo following surgery.RESULTS:The study included 189 eyes of 150 cataract patients(66 males).There were 77 eyes in Group A,55 eyes in Group B,and 57 eyes in Group C.The root mean square of the ELP(ELPRMS)within the initial 3mo was significantly lower for Group A than for Groups B and C.Refractive changes within Group A were not significant across the time points of 1wk,1mo,and 3mo.Conversely,both Group B and Group C demonstrated statistically significant shifts toward hyperopia from 1wk to 3mo postsurgery.CONCLUSION:Among the three IOLs examined,the SN6CWS IOL showes the greatest stability during the first 3mo postoperatively.Between 1wk and 3mo after surgery,notable hyperopic shifts are evident in eyes implanted with the MI60 and Aspira-aA IOLs,whereas refractive outcomes remain relatively constant in eyes implanted with SN6CWS IOLs.展开更多
The Stern-Gerlach(SG)experiment is a fundamental experiment for revealing the existence of“spin”.In this experiment,beams of silver atoms are sent through inhomogeneous magnetic fields to observe their deflection.Th...The Stern-Gerlach(SG)experiment is a fundamental experiment for revealing the existence of“spin”.In this experiment,beams of silver atoms are sent through inhomogeneous magnetic fields to observe their deflection.Thus,the conventional SG experiment can be viewed as a magnetic-type spin effect.In this work,we successfully generalize the SG effect from magnetic-type to electric-type by solving Dirac's equation with a potential barrier,revealing an extraordinary spin effect.Beams of Dirac particles can be regarded as matter waves.Based on Dirac's equation,we obtain the explicit forms of the incident,reflected,and transmitted waves.The electric-type SG effect shows that the reflected and transmitted waves can exhibit notable spatial shifts,which depend on the spin direction and the incident angle of the wave.The electrictype SG effect has potential applications for separating Dirac particles with different spin directions and for estimating the spin direction of Dirac particles.Some discussions related to the interaction between spin and the electric field are also presented.展开更多
Electrical and electronic devices face significant challenges in heatmanagement due to their compact size and high heat flux,which negatively impact performance and reliability.Conventional coolingmethods,such as forc...Electrical and electronic devices face significant challenges in heatmanagement due to their compact size and high heat flux,which negatively impact performance and reliability.Conventional coolingmethods,such as forced air cooling,often struggle to transfer heat efficiently.In contrast,thermoelectric coolers(TECs)provide an innovative active cooling solution to meet growing thermal management demands.In this research,a refrigerant based on mono ethylene glycol and distilled water was used instead of using gases,in addition to using thermoelectric cooling units instead of using a compressor in traditional refrigeration systems.This study evaluates the performance of a Peltierbased thermalmanagement systemby analyzing the effects of using two,three,and four Peltiermodules on cooling rates,power consumption,temperature reduction,and system efficiency.Experimental results indicate that increasing the number of Peltier modules significantly enhances cooling performance.The four-module system achieved an optimal balance between cooling speed and energy efficiency,reducing the temperature of a liquidmixture(30% mono ethylene glycol+70% distilled water plus laser dyes)to 8℃ in just 17 min.It demonstrated a cooling rate of 0.794℃/min and a high coefficient of performance(COP)of 1.2 while consuming less energy than the two-and three-module systems.Furthermore,the study revealed that increasing the number of modules led to faster air cooling and improved temperature reduction.These findings highlight the importance of selecting the optimal number of Peltier modules to enhance efficiency and cooling speed whileminimizing energy consumption.This makes TEC technology a sustainable and effective solution for applications requiring rapid and reliable thermal management.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by National Key R&D Project of China(No.2019YFC1708902,2019YFC1711000)National Natural Science Foundation(No.81973505,81773932).
文摘The ocean possesses a complex setting with high pressure,high salinity,oligotrophy,low temperature and weak illumination conditions.To survive and evolve in such harsh surroundings,marine organisms metabolize a series of chemicals known as secondary metabolites which indicate structural and functional diversity to adapt interspecific survival competition.During recent decades,the anti-inflammatory property of marine natural products has come under scrutiny as inflammation involves in the vast majority of diseases.Correspondingly,a myriad of marine bioactive molecules including terpenes,polypeptides,polysaccharides,sterols and many others may bring a new insight into inflammation therapies with multifarious sources and minimal side effects.And a better understanding of their mechanisms of anti-inflammation may lead to better treatments for numerous diseases.Herein,the research progress of marine-derived anti-inflammation compounds and the relevant mechanisms were reviewed,to provide a basis for the research and development of anti-inflammatory marine drugs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32000358the CAMS initiative for Innovative Medicine of China,Grant/Award Number:2021-I2M-1-035Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS),Grant/Award Number:2020QNRC001。
文摘Background:The aim was to elucidate the function of IL-37 in middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)infection,thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for managing the clinical treatment of inflammatory response caused by respiratory virus infection.Methods:We investigated the development of MERS by infecting hDPP4 mice with hCoV-EMC(107 TCID50[50%tissue culture infectious dose])intranasally.We infected A549 cells with MERS-CoV,which concurrently interfered with IL-37,detecting the viral titer,viral load,and cytokine expression at certain points postinfection.Meanwhile,we administered IL-37(12.5μg/kg)intravenously to hDPP4 mice 2 h after MERS-CoV-2 infection and collected the serum and lungs 5 days after infection to investigate the efficacy of IL-37 in MERS-CoV infection.Results:The viral titer of MERS-CoV-infected A549 cells interfering with IL-37 was significantly reduced by 4.7-fold,and the viral load of MERS-CoV-infected hDPP4 mice was decreased by 59-fold in lung tissue.Furthermore,the administration of IL-37 suppressed inflammatory cytokine and chemokine(monocyte chemoattractant protein 1,interferon-γ,and IL-17A)expression and ameliorated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in hDPP4 mice.Conclusion:IL-37 exhibits protective properties in severe pneumonia induced by MERS-CoV infection.This effect is achieved through attenuation of lung viral load,suppression of inflammatory cytokine secretion,reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration,and mitigation of pulmonary injury.
基金Supported by the Key Research and Development Plan Guidance Project of Heilongjiang Province(GZ20220039)Central Support for Local Universities Reform and Development Fund Talent Training Project(2020GSP16).
文摘In this paper,the anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and anti-asthma effects of isobavachalcone and their molecular mechanisms were reviewed to provide theoretical support for further research of isobavachalcone and development of new drugs.
基金the Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi Province(2022GD-TSLD-58-5)Shaanxi Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(2024RS-CXTD-70)for the financial support.
文摘Camellia oil,which contains a high content of triterpene alcohol,is known for a series of bioactivities including anti-inflammation.Amyrins are recognized as high bioactivity of anti-inflammation.However,no comparative study on triterpene alcohols from camellia oil.In this study,four high content triterpene alcohols from camellia oil,namelyβ-amyrin,ψ-taraxasterol,parkeol,and butyrospermol were evaluated through lipopolysaccharide induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation.The results showed that butyrospermol exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity,surpassing that ofβ-amyrin.Characterization of signaling pathways showed that butyrospermol inhibited Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor KB(NF-kB)and mitogenactivated protein kinase(MAPK)pathways,suppressing the transcription of Tlr4,expression of p65,NF-kB inhibitorα(IkBa),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),and p38,and the phosphorylation of p65,IkBa,ERK,and p38.The anti-inflammatory effect of butyrospermol was further validated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced mouse ear edema.The results in mouse showed that butyrospermol could inhibit the increase of tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),p-JNK,P-p38,p-IkBa,and their corresponding mRNA levels.Our study provides new perspective on the antiinflammatory role of different triterpene alcohols and explaining the bioactivity of camellia oil.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82003770)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2018ZX09711001-001-017)the Key Research and Development Plan of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202102130501005)。
文摘This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties and underlying molecular mechanisms of 2,4',5'-trihydroxyl-5,2'-dibromo diphenylmethanone(LM49)using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in mice,which serves as a well-established model for acute inflammation.Mice were randomly assigned into six groups,and acute inflammation was induced by injecting 1%carrageenan solution into the paw.To elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of LM49,a comprehensive approach was employed,including pathology,transcriptomics,flow cytometry,RT-qPCR,Western blotting analysis,and molecular docking analysis.The results demonstrated that LM49 exerted a significant protective effect by reducing paw edema and lowering serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand TNF-a,while concurrently elevating anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels.Transcriptomic analysis identified 453 differentially expressed genes in the LM49-treated group.KEGG and GO enrichment analyses indicated that LM49 suppressed the NF-kB signaling pathway and modulated several other immuneinflammatory pathways.Molecular docking studies identified eight key targets of LM49 within the NF-kB signaling pathway.Furthermore,Western blotting analysis confirmed that LM49 inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 and IB-αand downregulated the expression of MYD88 and TLR4 in mouse paw tissues.These findings provided a foundational understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of LM49,paving the way for further in-depth studies in this field.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ2022-0530150408018,JCYJ20250604180541051)Shenzhen Basic Discipline Layout Project(JCYJ20220818101806014)。
文摘Objective To investigate the protective effects of morusin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute liver injury in mice and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Thirty-two male specific pathogen-free(SPF)C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups(n=8 per group):control,LPS,low-dose morusin(morusin-L,10 mg/kg),and high-dose morusin(morusin-H,20 mg/kg)groups.The mice in each group were administered the corresponding drugs or normal saline via continuous gavage daily for 16 consecutive days.Except for control group,which received an equal volume of normal saline,other groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS(5 mg/kg)2 h after the last gavage to establish the acute liver injury model.Serum and liver tissues were collected for subsequent analysis 6 h after LPS injection.The activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)in serum were detected with biochemical methods.The levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1βin serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Hepatic pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The 16S ribosomal RNA(16S rRNA)sequencing was performed to assess the composition of intestinal flora,linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)was applied for multi-level species discrimination,and Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed.The liver tissues of mice with acute liver injury were analyzed by RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)technology to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs),and then enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway was conducted.The expression levels of selected genes was validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),while immunohistochemistry(IHC)was performed to examine the expression levels of IL-6,myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88),and toll-like receptor 2(TLR2).Results Morusin significantly reduced the serum levels of ALT,AST,and inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β)(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001),while alleviating the hepatic pathological damage in mice.Based on efficacy comparisons,morusin-H group was selected for subsequent microbiome and transcriptome analyses.Microbiome analysis revealed that morusin-H effectively mitigated LPS-induced gut dysbiosis and restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota balance(P<0.01).At the genus level,morusin-H significantly reduced the abundances of norank_f_Muribaculaceae,Desulfovibrio,Parabacteroides,and Muribaculum(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).At the phylum,family,and genus levels,our findings indicated that morusin-H treatment caused a significant decrease in the abundance of Desulfobacterota,Desulfovibrionaceae,and Desulfovibrio(P<0.01).Importantly,the abundance of Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with the levels of ALT,AST,TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6.Transcriptomic and molecular analyses showed that the therapeutic mechanism of morusin-H involved suppression of the IL-17/TNF signaling pathways and downregulating the mRNA levels of Tlr2,Tlr3,Myd88,Il6,and Cxcl10(P<0.05 or P<0.001),as well as the protein levels of key inflammatory mediators(IL-6,MYD88,and TLR2)(P<0.001).Conclusion Morusin demonstrates protective effects against LPS-induced acute liver injury,likely through modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of pro-inflammatory factor expression.These findings indicate that morusin exerts its effects through the"microbiota-inflammation-liver"axis,providing a theoretical basis for its use as a multi-target plant-based drug in the treatment of metabolic inflammation-related liver diseases.
文摘Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms ligand bonds or hydrogen bonds with sulfur ions in lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),thus inhibiting the shuttle effect.Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that lithium‑sulfur(Li‑S)batteries employing the NH2‑SS interlayer exhibited discharge specific capacities of 1048 and 789 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2C and 2C,respectively,and even at 4C,the initial discharge specific capacity remained at 590 mAh·g^(-1),outperforming the Li‑S battery with unmodified SS as the interlayer.
文摘Traditional Medicine Research published an article entitled Study of the anti-inflammatory effect of the Traditional Mongolian Medicine Hohgardi-9 in acute lung injury on 01 August 2023.The author confirmed this article’s proof on 31 July 2023 without any questions.But on 06 January 2025,the editorial team found an inconsistency between the number of SD rats purchased(n=20)and the sample size used in the experiment(n=50).
文摘Chitosan(CTS)was grafted onto the surface of amino‑functionalized silver chloride silicon dioxide(AgCl@SiO_(2)‑NH_(2))cores to obtain AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticles.The as‑obtained AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS nanoparticles were chlorinated by NaClO solution to get AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑based chloramine nano‑hybrid materials,denoted as AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of the as‑prepared samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.At the same time,an X‑ray diffractometer and an infrared spectroscope were utilized to characterize their crystal and chemical structures.Besides,ζpotentials were measured to elucidate the surface modification of AgCl nanoparticles by—NH_(2),the antibacterial mechanism of AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl was investigated by scanning electron microscopy,and Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were used as the to‑be‑tested strains to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.Findings demonstrate that sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS exhibits a chain‑like structure ascribed to the interaction between—NH_(2),and each AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticle contains several AgCl cores.In the meantime,sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus,which is attributed to the synergistic antibacterial effect of Ag^(+)and Cl^(-).Sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl with a dosage of 640.00μg·mL^(-1) could completely kill the two kinds of tested bacteria in 12 h of incubation;it retains a high antibacterial efficiency even after 10 cycles of antibacterial tests.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62464010)Spring City Plan-Special Program for Young Talents(K202005007)+2 种基金Yunnan Talents Support Plan for Young Talents(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0482)Yunnan Local Colleges Applied Basic Research Projects(202101BA070001-138)Frontier Research Team of Kunming University 2023.
文摘Rechargeable Zn/Sn-air batteries have received considerable attention as promising energy storage devices.However,the electrochemical performance of these batteries is significantly constrained by the sluggish electrocatalytic reaction kinetics at the cathode.The integration of light energy into Zn/Sn-air batteries is a promising strategy for enhancing their performance.However,the photothermal and photoelectric effects generate heat in the battery under prolonged solar irradiation,leading to air cathode instability.This paper presents the first design and synthesis of Ni_(2)-1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone(Ni_(2)DDA),an electronically conductiveπ-d conjugated metal-organic framework(MOF).Ni_(2)DDA exhibits both photoelectric and photothermal effects,with an optical band gap of~1.14 eV.Under illumination,Ni_(2)DDA achieves excellent oxygen evolution reaction performance(with an overpotential of 245 mV vs.reversible hydrogen electrode at 10 mA cm^(−2))and photothermal stability.These properties result from the synergy between the photoelectric and photothermal effects of Ni_(2)DDA.Upon integration into Zn/Sn-air batteries,Ni_(2)DDA ensures excellent cycling stability under light and exhibits remarkable performance in high-temperature environments up to 80℃.This study experimentally confirms the stable operation of photo-assisted Zn/Sn-air batteries under high-temperature conditions for the first time and provides novel insights into the application of electronically conductive MOFs in photoelectrocatalysis and photothermal catalysis.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(No.RS-2022-00143178)the Ministry of Education(MOE)(Nos.2022R1A6A3A13053896 and 2022R1F1A1074616),Republic of Korea.
文摘Beam-tracking simulations have been extensively utilized in the study of collective beam instabilities in circular accelerators.Traditionally,many simulation codes have relied on central processing unit(CPU)-based methods,tracking on a single CPU core,or parallelizing the computation across multiple cores via the message passing interface(MPI).Although these approaches work well for single-bunch tracking,scaling them to multiple bunches significantly increases the computational load,which often necessitates the use of a dedicated multi-CPU cluster.To address this challenge,alternative methods leveraging General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units(GPGPU)have been proposed,enabling tracking studies on a standalone desktop personal computer(PC).However,frequent CPU-GPU interactions,including data transfers and synchronization operations during tracking,can introduce communication overheads,potentially reducing the overall effectiveness of GPU-based computations.In this study,we propose a novel approach that eliminates this overhead by performing the entire tracking simulation process exclusively on the GPU,thereby enabling the simultaneous processing of all bunches and their macro-particles.Specifically,we introduce MBTRACK2-CUDA,a Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)ported version of MBTRACK2,which facilitates efficient tracking of single-and multi-bunch collective effects by leveraging the full GPU-resident computation.
基金Supported by Special Fund Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021CG0013)Bayannur City Science and Technology Plan Project(K202014)+1 种基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Plan Project(2022YFHH0088)Research Special Project of the Education Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(STAQZX202320).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the control mode of farmland drainage pollutants and investigate the effects of ecological ditch and wetland on reducing farmland drainage pollutants in Hetao Irrigation District.[Methods]Based on the demonstration construction project of the ecological ditch-constructed wetland system in the Hetao Irrigation District,an experimental study was conducted from July to September 2023 to investigate the interception and purification effects of ecological ditches,constructed wetlands,and the combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system on farmland drainage pollutants.Key water quality parameters measured included total nitrogen(TN)concentration and total phosphorus(TP)concentration.[Results]Different treatment modes of ecological ditches and constructed wetlands have a certain removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water bodies.The ecological ditches treated with Astragalus laxmannii,Melilotus officinalis,Medicago sativa,bio-ball substrate,and bio-sheet substrate showed reduction efficiencies for TN and TP of 21.09% and 23.84%,12.06% and 26.67%,20.08% and 34.15%,23.65% and 20.56%,and 19.92% and 25.83%,respectively.The emergent plant area showed reduction efficiencies of 24.28%for TN and 17.89%for TP,while the submerged plant area achieved a reduction efficiency of 10.21%for both TN and TP.Among the different treatment modes,the ecological ditch with M.sativa performed better in TP removal,whereas the bio-ball substrate treatment mode showed higher effectiveness in TN removal.In addition,the emergent plant area exhibited better TP removal performance,while the submerged plant area was more effective in TN removal.The combined system of ecological ditch and constructed wetland achieved removal rates of 37.55% for TN and 11.47% for TP.It effectively facilitates the step-by-step interception and adsorption purification of pollutants,thereby showing significant removal and purification effects on nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants.This contributes to mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution.[Conclusions]The combined ecological ditch-constructed wetland system serves dual functions of agricultural drainage and pollutant interception and purification.It reduces the pollution load of farmland drainage on receiving water bodies to some extent and mitigates agricultural non-point source pollution.Therefore,it is a relatively suitable technology for managing agricultural non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1403503,2022YFA1602802,2023YFA1607400,and 2024YFA1613200)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ23022)supported by the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility and the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0302600)。
文摘Fe_(3)Sn_(2),a ferromagnetic metal with a kagome lattice,serves as an ideal platform for exploring topological electronic states and Berry curvature due to its unique band structure.However,systematic reports on the transport properties of Fe_(3)Sn_(2)nanosheets remain scarce.We present temperature-dependent transport property measurements of Fe_(3)Sn_(2)nanosheets synthesized via chemical vapor deposition on Si/SiO_(2)substrates.The samples exhibit a robust anomalous Hall effect from 40 K to 300 K,along with a magnetoresistance sign reversal at 40 K at high magnetic fields,indicating a spin reorientation from in-plane to out-of-plane.Notably,a sharp crossover in the dominant transport contribution from electrons to holes near 200 K is observed,accompanied by distinct anomalous Hall behaviors in the two regimes,indicating a temperature-induced Lifshitz transition within the multi-band system.This divergence is potentially linked to a topological reconstruction of the Fermi surface across the transition.Our findings highlight the tunability of topological transport in two-dimensional kagome magnets and provide new insights into the interplay between band topology,dimensionality and magnetic order.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province,China(2024NC-YBXM-146)the Xi’an Agricultural Technology Research and Development Project,China(24NYGG0048)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Xianyang,China(L2024-ZDYF-ZDYF-NY-0028)the National Foreign Expert Project of China(G2023172002L)。
文摘The effect of adding hydroxycinnamic acids(caffeic acid,sinapic acid,p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid)in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine before and after fermentation was investigated,taking into account the color parameters,anthocyanin content,and overall polyphenol levels in the wine samples.The copigmentation effect of malvidin-3-Oglucoside and sinapic acid was further explored in model solution and through theoretical calculations.The results indicated that the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids significantly enhanced the wine's color with sinapic acid(before the fermentation)showing the most pronounced color protection effect.Compared to control samples,the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids resulted in a 36%increase in total phenolic content and a 28% increase in total anthocyanin content.Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between sinapic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside was spontaneous and exothermic.Theoretical studies identified hydrogen bonding(HB)and dispersion forces as the main primary stabilizing forces,with the carboxyl group of sinapic acid playing a critical role while the anthocyanin backbone also influenced the interaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32170121).
文摘Benzalkonium chloride(BAC)is widely employed as a broad-spectrum biocide and has emerged as a significant environmental pollutant.Polymyxin B(PB)serves as the last-line defense for the treatment of Gram-negative pathogens.Previous studies reported that BAC-adapted Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased the tolerance to PB.Herein,we present the novel finding that the combination of BAC and PB exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects against P.aeruginosa.Time-killing assay demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial cell viability.Scanning electron microscopy,zeta potential analysis,hydrophobicity measurements,and fluorescence probe analyses collectively revealed severe disruption of the cell envelope and membrane potential induced by the combination of BAC and PB.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the BAC-PB combination notably downreg-ulated the expression of genes involved in lipid A modification and cell envelope production,including phoPQ,pmrAB,bamABCDE,lptABCDEG,lolB,yidC,and murJ.Additionally,the combination group exhibited augmented production of reactive oxygen species and diminished ATP synthesis.The expression of the genes associated with substance metabolism and energy generation was significantly impeded.This study provides significant implica-tions for the interactions of biocides and antibiotics on Gram-negative pathogens,while also addressing antibiotic resistance and developing the external treatment strategy for Pseudomonas-infected wounds and burns.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82003977,82274134 and 82274139)the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2017YFC1702200)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2020C04020)the Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2025C02183).
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract.The global incidence and prevalence of IBD continue to increase.While multiple clinical treatments exist,conventional therapies frequently present limitations and adverse effects.Natural polysaccharides(PSs)have emerged as a significant focus of research interest due to their therapeutic potential and applications in functional foods and health products.This review synthesizes current understanding of IBD pathophysiology and the mechanisms by which natural PSs counter IBD,including their capacity to restore immune homeostasis and intestinal barrier function,modulate gut microbiota and metabolites,reduce oxidative stress,and address irregularities in autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS).The review examines the structure-activity relationships of PSs demonstrating anti-IBD effects and identifies promising therapeutic products.The discussion encompasses pharmacokinetics,safety evaluations,and clinical applications of these compounds.This comprehensive review establishes a theoretical foundation for developing natural PS-based therapeutic approaches for IBD management.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82374346)Double Hundred Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Medical and Health Talents of Wuxi City(BJ2023071)Scientific Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(Q202358).
文摘This article reviews the research advances in traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb and its compound formulations in the treatment of sepsis,with particular emphasis on elucidating their mechanisms of action and clinical application value.Research has demonstrated that rhubarb and its compound formulations exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and mechanisms,including anti-inflammatory actions,protection of the intestinal barrier,modulation of immune balance,inhibition of oxidative stress,and regulation of associated signaling pathways.Clinically,rhubarb has shown distinct advantages in enhancing gastrointestinal function,mitigating systemic inflammatory responses,and reducing mortality rates among patients with sepsis.These findings provide a foundational reference for the integrated prevention and treatment of sepsis through the combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Medical Health Science and Technology Project(No.2021KY217)the Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.2024Y1221).
文摘AIM:To evaluate and compare alterations in the effective lens position(ELP)and refractive outcomes among three distinct intraocular lens(IOL)types.METHODS:Patients with cataracts were enrolled and allocated to 3 groups:Group A(implanted with the SN6CWS),Group B(implanted with the MI60),and Group C(implanted with the Aspira-aA).ELP measurements were obtained with swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)at 1d,1wk,1mo,and 3mo postoperatively.Subjective refraction assessments were conducted at 1wk,1mo,and 3mo following surgery.RESULTS:The study included 189 eyes of 150 cataract patients(66 males).There were 77 eyes in Group A,55 eyes in Group B,and 57 eyes in Group C.The root mean square of the ELP(ELPRMS)within the initial 3mo was significantly lower for Group A than for Groups B and C.Refractive changes within Group A were not significant across the time points of 1wk,1mo,and 3mo.Conversely,both Group B and Group C demonstrated statistically significant shifts toward hyperopia from 1wk to 3mo postsurgery.CONCLUSION:Among the three IOLs examined,the SN6CWS IOL showes the greatest stability during the first 3mo postoperatively.Between 1wk and 3mo after surgery,notable hyperopic shifts are evident in eyes implanted with the MI60 and Aspira-aA IOLs,whereas refractive outcomes remain relatively constant in eyes implanted with SN6CWS IOLs.
基金supported by the Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2024ZD0301000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12275136)。
文摘The Stern-Gerlach(SG)experiment is a fundamental experiment for revealing the existence of“spin”.In this experiment,beams of silver atoms are sent through inhomogeneous magnetic fields to observe their deflection.Thus,the conventional SG experiment can be viewed as a magnetic-type spin effect.In this work,we successfully generalize the SG effect from magnetic-type to electric-type by solving Dirac's equation with a potential barrier,revealing an extraordinary spin effect.Beams of Dirac particles can be regarded as matter waves.Based on Dirac's equation,we obtain the explicit forms of the incident,reflected,and transmitted waves.The electric-type SG effect shows that the reflected and transmitted waves can exhibit notable spatial shifts,which depend on the spin direction and the incident angle of the wave.The electrictype SG effect has potential applications for separating Dirac particles with different spin directions and for estimating the spin direction of Dirac particles.Some discussions related to the interaction between spin and the electric field are also presented.
文摘Electrical and electronic devices face significant challenges in heatmanagement due to their compact size and high heat flux,which negatively impact performance and reliability.Conventional coolingmethods,such as forced air cooling,often struggle to transfer heat efficiently.In contrast,thermoelectric coolers(TECs)provide an innovative active cooling solution to meet growing thermal management demands.In this research,a refrigerant based on mono ethylene glycol and distilled water was used instead of using gases,in addition to using thermoelectric cooling units instead of using a compressor in traditional refrigeration systems.This study evaluates the performance of a Peltierbased thermalmanagement systemby analyzing the effects of using two,three,and four Peltiermodules on cooling rates,power consumption,temperature reduction,and system efficiency.Experimental results indicate that increasing the number of Peltier modules significantly enhances cooling performance.The four-module system achieved an optimal balance between cooling speed and energy efficiency,reducing the temperature of a liquidmixture(30% mono ethylene glycol+70% distilled water plus laser dyes)to 8℃ in just 17 min.It demonstrated a cooling rate of 0.794℃/min and a high coefficient of performance(COP)of 1.2 while consuming less energy than the two-and three-module systems.Furthermore,the study revealed that increasing the number of modules led to faster air cooling and improved temperature reduction.These findings highlight the importance of selecting the optimal number of Peltier modules to enhance efficiency and cooling speed whileminimizing energy consumption.This makes TEC technology a sustainable and effective solution for applications requiring rapid and reliable thermal management.
