Most studies have shown that oxygen vacancies on Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution are important for enhancing the catalytic oxidation performance.However,a handful of studies investigated the different roles of surf...Most studies have shown that oxygen vacancies on Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution are important for enhancing the catalytic oxidation performance.However,a handful of studies investigated the different roles of surface and subsurface oxygen vacancies on the performance and mechanisms of catalysts.Herein,a series of zirconium doping on CeO_(2) samples(CeO_(2),Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),and Ce_(0.8)5Zr_(0.15)O_(2))with various surface-to-subsurface oxygen vacancies ratios have been synthesized and applied in toluene catalytic oxidation.The obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) exhibits an excellent catalytic performance with a 90%toluene conversion at 295℃,which is 68℃lower than that of CeO_(2).Additionally,the obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2)catalyst also exhibited good catalytic stability and water resistance.The XRD and HRTEM results show that Zr ions are incorporated into CeO_(2) lattice,forming Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution.Temperature-programmed experiments reveal that Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) shows excellent lowtemperature reducibility and abundant surface oxygen species.In-situ DRIFTS tests were used to probe the reaction mechanism,and the function of Zr doping in promoting the activation of oxygen was further determined.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the vacancy formation energy and O_(2) adsorption energy are both lower on Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),confirming the reason for its superior catalytic performance.展开更多
The low-dose X-ray induced long afterglow near infrared(NIR)luminescence from Cr^(3+)doped Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions was investigated.The structure analysis shows the good formation of Zn_(1-x)Cd...The low-dose X-ray induced long afterglow near infrared(NIR)luminescence from Cr^(3+)doped Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions was investigated.The structure analysis shows the good formation of Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions,which possesses a cubic spinel structure with Fd3m space group.The formation of Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions induces the obvious increase of long afterglow near infrared luminescence excited by low-dose X-ray,When the content of doped Cd^(2+)reaches 0.1,the low-dose X-ray induced long afterglow NIR luminescence is the maximum.More importantly,only 5 s Xray irradiation can induce more than 6 h NIR afterglow emission,of which the afterglow luminescent intensity is still 5 times stronger than the background intensity after 6 h.The thermoluminescent results show that under the 5 s exposure of X-ray,the trap density of Zn_(0.9)Cd_(0.1)Ga_(2)O_(4):Cr^(3+)is much higher than that of ZnGa_(2)O_(4):Cr^(3+).The replacement of Cd^(2+)ions with large radius at Zn^(2+)sites causes the increase of de fects and dislocations,which results in the obvious increase of trap co ncentrations.And the addition of high-z number elements Cd^(2+)would enhance the X-ray absorption of the solid solutions,which thus can be easily excited by low-dose X-ray.Zn_(0.9)Cd_(0.1)Ga_(2)O_(4):1%Cr^(3+)solid solution is a potential candidate of lowdose X-ray induced long afterglow luminescent materials.展开更多
The problem of nonlinear forced oscillations for elliptical sandwich plates is dealt with. Based on the governing equations expressed in terms of five displacement components, the nonlinear dynamic equation of an elli...The problem of nonlinear forced oscillations for elliptical sandwich plates is dealt with. Based on the governing equations expressed in terms of five displacement components, the nonlinear dynamic equation of an elliptical sandwich plate under a harmonic force is derived. A superpositive-iterative harmonic balance (SIHB) method is presented for the steady-state analysis of strongly nonlinear oscillators. In a periodic oscillation, the periodic solutions can be expressed in the form of basic harmonics and bifurcate harmonics. Thus, an oscillation system which is described as a second order ordinary differential equation, can be expressed as fundamental differential equation with fundamental harmonics and incremental differential equation with derived harmonics. The 1/3 subharmonic solution of an elliptical sandwich plate is investigated by using the methods of SIHB. The SIHB method is compared with the numerical integration method. Finally, asymptotical stability of the 1/3 subharmonic oscillations is inspected.展开更多
In this paper, a class of lump solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is studied by searching for positive quadratic function solutions to the associated bilinear equation. To guarantee rational lo...In this paper, a class of lump solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is studied by searching for positive quadratic function solutions to the associated bilinear equation. To guarantee rational localization and analyticity of the lumps, some sufficient and necessary conditions are presented on the parameters involved in the solutions. Then, a completely non-elastic interaction between a lump and a stripe of the(2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is obtained, which shows a lump solution is drowned or swallowed by a stripe soliton. Finally, 2-dimensional curves, 3-dimensional plots and density plots with particular choices of the involved parameters are presented to show the dynamic characteristics of the obtained lump and interaction solutions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic enteropathy associated with solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1(SLCO2A1)(CEAS)is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease characterized by anemia,hypoproteinemia,abdomina...BACKGROUND Chronic enteropathy associated with solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1(SLCO2A1)(CEAS)is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease characterized by anemia,hypoproteinemia,abdominal pain,diarrhea,and multiple shallow ulcers in the small intestine.Genetic analysis for SLCO2A1 mutations has identified more than 10 variant types,including the mostly reported c.940+1G>A splice site mutation.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we described a 33-year-old female patient who was admitted for anemia,edema,and a positive fecal occult blood test,unaccompanied by abdominal pain and diarrhea.She was diagnosed with CEAS due to compound heterozygous variants,c.940+1G>cA(splice-5)and c.1658T>A(p.Ile553Asn)in SLCO2A1,which had not been previously reported.Importantly,we reviewed 132 reported CEAS patients,which showed that anemia(87.3%)and hypoproteinemia(81%)were the most common symptoms.Nearly 25.8%of patients only had a positive result of fecal occult blood,without any symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding.CONCLUSION In conclusion,fecal tests should be repeated in patients with anemia and edema to find clues for chronic enteropathy,including the rare cause-CEAS.展开更多
Recently, a new （2＋1）-dimensional shallow water wave system, the （2＋1）-dlmenslonal displacement shallow water wave system （2DDSWWS）, was constructed by applying the variational principle of the analytic mechan...Recently, a new （2＋1）-dimensional shallow water wave system, the （2＋1）-dlmenslonal displacement shallow water wave system （2DDSWWS）, was constructed by applying the variational principle of the analytic mechanics in the Lagrange coordinates. The disadvantage is that fluid viscidity is not considered in the 2DDSWWS, which is the same as the famous Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation and Korteweg-de Vries equation. Applying dimensional analysis, we modify the 2DDSWWS and add the term related to the fluid viscidity to the 2DDSWWS. The approximate similarity solutions of the modified 2DDSWWS （M2DDSWWS） is studied and four similarity solutions are obtained. For the perfect fluids, the coefficient of kinematic viscosity is zero, then the M2DDSWWS will degenerate to the 2DDSWWS.展开更多
In this paper, we make use of the auxiliary equation and the expanded mapping methods to find the new exact periodic solutions for （2＋1）-dimensional dispersive long wave equations in mathematical physics, which are...In this paper, we make use of the auxiliary equation and the expanded mapping methods to find the new exact periodic solutions for （2＋1）-dimensional dispersive long wave equations in mathematical physics, which are expressed by Jacobi elliptic functions, and obtain some new solitary wave solutions （m → 1）. This method can also be used to explore new periodic wave solutions for other nonlinear evolution equations.展开更多
Based on the travelling wave method, a(2 + 1)-dimensional AKNS equation is considered. Elliptic solution and soliton solution are presented and it is shown that the soliton solution can be reduced from the elliptic so...Based on the travelling wave method, a(2 + 1)-dimensional AKNS equation is considered. Elliptic solution and soliton solution are presented and it is shown that the soliton solution can be reduced from the elliptic solution. It also proves that the result is consistent with the soliton solution of simplify Hirota bilinear method by Wazwaz and illustrate the solution are right travelling wave solution.展开更多
In this paper,the truncated Painlev′e analysis,nonlocal symmetry,Bcklund transformation of the（2＋1）-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff equation are presented.Then the nonlocal symmetry is localized to the...In this paper,the truncated Painlev′e analysis,nonlocal symmetry,Bcklund transformation of the（2＋1）-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff equation are presented.Then the nonlocal symmetry is localized to the corresponding nonlocal group by the prolonged system.In addition,the（2＋1）-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff is proved consistent Riccati expansion（CRE） solvable.As a result,the soliton–cnoidal wave interaction solutions of the equation are explicitly given,which are difficult to find by other traditional methods.Moreover figures are given out to show the properties of the explicit analytic interaction solutions.展开更多
The effect of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol on silver electrodeposition process from 5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin solutions was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetric measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray di...The effect of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol on silver electrodeposition process from 5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin solutions was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetric measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cyclic voltammetric studies indicate that the reduction process of silver electrodeposition is influenced by adding 2-butyne-1, 4-diol. Owing to its adsorption on the electrode surface, 2-butyne-1, 4-diol moderately hinders the mass transfer of the silver complexed ions from the bulk solution to the outer limit of the electrode double layer and affects the electrocrystallization step. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that the presence of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol in the electrolyte is beneficial and the silver deposits obtained are smoother, more compact and more leveled. X-ray diffraction analysis of the silver deposits obtained at 0.5 g·L-1 2-butyne-1, 4-diol indicated that the (110) plane is the most preferred plane and is not affected by the presence of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol in the electrolyte.展开更多
Based on the B/icklund method and the multilinear variable separation approach （MLVSA）, this paper finds a general solution including two arbitrary functions for the （2＋1）-dimensional Burgers equations. Then a cl...Based on the B/icklund method and the multilinear variable separation approach （MLVSA）, this paper finds a general solution including two arbitrary functions for the （2＋1）-dimensional Burgers equations. Then a class of new doubly periodic wave solutions for （2＋l）-dimensional Burgers equations is obtained by introducing appropriate Jacobi elliptic functions, Weierstrass elliptic functions and their combination in the general solutions （which contains two arbitrary functions）. Two types of limit cases are considered. Firstly, taking one of the moduli to be unity and the other zero, it obtains particular wave （called semi-localized） patterns, which is periodic in one direction, but localized in the other direction. Secondly, if both moduli are tending to 1 as a limit, it derives some novel localized excitations （two-dromion solution）.展开更多
In this paper, we present a new rational algebraic approach to uniformly construct a series of exact analytical solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations. Compared with most existing tanh methods and othe...In this paper, we present a new rational algebraic approach to uniformly construct a series of exact analytical solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations. Compared with most existing tanh methods and other sophisticated methods, the proposed method not only recovers some known solutions, but also finds some new and general solutions. The solutions obtained in this paper include rational form triangular periodic wave solutions, solitary wave solutions, and elliptic doubly periodic wave solutions. The efficiency of the method can be demonstrated on （2＋1）-dimensional dispersive long-wave equation.展开更多
In order to reduce the oxidizing and volatilizing caused by Mg element in the traditional methods for synthesizing Mg2Sil-xSnx （x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8） solid solutions, microwave irradiation techniques were used in pr...In order to reduce the oxidizing and volatilizing caused by Mg element in the traditional methods for synthesizing Mg2Sil-xSnx （x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8） solid solutions, microwave irradiation techniques were used in preparing them as thermoelectric materials. Structure and phase composition of the obtained materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity were measured as a function of temperature from 300 to 750 K. It is found that Mg2Si1-xSnx solid solutions are well formed with excessive content of 5% （molar fraction） Mg from the stoichiometric MgESil.xSnx under microwave irradiation. A maximum dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, of about 0.26 is obtained for Mg2Si1-xSnx solid solutions at about 500 K for x=0.6.展开更多
A general mapping deformation method is presented and applied to a (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq system. Many new types of explicit and exact travelling wave solutions, which contain solitary wave solutions, periodic w...A general mapping deformation method is presented and applied to a (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq system. Many new types of explicit and exact travelling wave solutions, which contain solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, Jacobian and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions, and other exact excitations like polynomial solutions, exponential solutions, and rational solutions, etc., are obtained by a simple algebraic transformation relation between the (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation and a generalized cubic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation.展开更多
New exact solutions in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions are obtained to the (2+1)-dimensional breakingsoliton equation by means of the modified mapping method. Limit cases are studied, and new solitary wave solu...New exact solutions in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions are obtained to the (2+1)-dimensional breakingsoliton equation by means of the modified mapping method. Limit cases are studied, and new solitary wave solutionsand triangular periodic wave solutions are obtained.展开更多
In this paper, the （2＋ 1）-dimensional soliton equation is mainly being discussed. Based on the Hirota direct method, Wronskian technique and the Pfattlan properties, the N-soliton solution, Wronskian and Grammian s...In this paper, the （2＋ 1）-dimensional soliton equation is mainly being discussed. Based on the Hirota direct method, Wronskian technique and the Pfattlan properties, the N-soliton solution, Wronskian and Grammian solutions have been generated.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate some new interesting solution structures of the(2+1)-dimensional bidirectional Sawada–Kotera(bSK)equation.We obtain soliton molecules by introducing velocity resonance.On the basis of sol...In this paper,we investigate some new interesting solution structures of the(2+1)-dimensional bidirectional Sawada–Kotera(bSK)equation.We obtain soliton molecules by introducing velocity resonance.On the basis of soliton molecules,asymmetric solitons are obtained by changing the distance between two solitons of molecules.Based on the N-soliton solutions,several novel types of mixed solutions are generated,which include the mixed breather-soliton molecule solution by the module resonance of the wave number and partial velocity resonance,the mixed lump-soliton molecule solution obtained by partial velocity resonance and partial long wave limits,and the mixed solutions composed of soliton molecules(asymmetric solitons),lump waves,and breather waves.Some plots are presented to clearly illustrate the dynamic features of these solutions.展开更多
We give the bilinear form and n-soliton solutions of a（2+1）-dimensional [（2+1）-D] extended shallow water wave（eSWW） equation associated with two functions v and r by using Hirota bilinear method. We provide soli...We give the bilinear form and n-soliton solutions of a（2+1）-dimensional [（2+1）-D] extended shallow water wave（eSWW） equation associated with two functions v and r by using Hirota bilinear method. We provide solitons, breathers,and hybrid solutions of them. Four cases of a crucial φ（y）, which is an arbitrary real continuous function appeared in f of bilinear form, are selected by using Jacobi elliptic functions, which yield a periodic solution and three kinds of doubly localized dormion-type solution. The first order Jacobi-type solution travels parallelly along the x axis with the velocity（3k12+ α, 0） on（x, y）-plane. If φ（y） = sn（y, 3/10）, it is a periodic solution. If φ（y） = cn（y, 1）, it is a dormion-type-Ⅰ solutions which has a maximum（3/4）k1p1 and a minimum-（3/4）k1p1. The width of the contour line is ln■. If φ（y） = sn（y, 1）, we get a dormion-type-Ⅱ solution（26） which has only one extreme value-（3/2）k1p1. The width of the contour line is ln■. If φ（y） = sn（y, 1/2）/（1 + y2）, we get a dormion-type-Ⅲ solution（21） which shows very strong doubly localized feature on（x, y） plane. Moreover, several interesting patterns of the mixture of periodic and localized solutions are also given in graphic way.展开更多
In this paper, we extend the multiple Riccati equations rational expansion method by introducing a new ansatz. Using this method, many complexiton solutions of the （2＋ 1 ）-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equati...In this paper, we extend the multiple Riccati equations rational expansion method by introducing a new ansatz. Using this method, many complexiton solutions of the （2＋ 1 ）-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equations are obtained which include various combination of hyperbolic and trigonometric periodic function solutions, various combination of hyperbolic and rational function solutions, various combination of trigonometric periodic and rational function solutions, etc. The method can be also used to solve other nonlinear partial differential equations.展开更多
In this paper,based on N-soliton solutions,we introduce a new constraint among parameters to find the resonance Y-type soliton solutions in(2+1)-dimensional integrable systems.Then,we take the(2+1)-dimensional Sawada...In this paper,based on N-soliton solutions,we introduce a new constraint among parameters to find the resonance Y-type soliton solutions in(2+1)-dimensional integrable systems.Then,we take the(2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation as an example to illustrate how to generate these resonance Y-type soliton solutions with this new constraint.Next,by the long wave limit method,velocity resonance and module resonance,we can obtain some new types of hybrid solutions of resonance Y-type solitons with line waves,breather waves,high-order lump waves respectively.Finally,we also study the dynamics of these interaction solutions and indicate mathematically that these interactions are elastic.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(No.51678291)the Basic Science(Natural Science)Research in Higher Education in Jiangsu Province(No.23KJA610003)the High-level Scientific Research Foundation for the introduction of talent in Nanjing Institute of Technology(No.YKJ201999)。
文摘Most studies have shown that oxygen vacancies on Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution are important for enhancing the catalytic oxidation performance.However,a handful of studies investigated the different roles of surface and subsurface oxygen vacancies on the performance and mechanisms of catalysts.Herein,a series of zirconium doping on CeO_(2) samples(CeO_(2),Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),and Ce_(0.8)5Zr_(0.15)O_(2))with various surface-to-subsurface oxygen vacancies ratios have been synthesized and applied in toluene catalytic oxidation.The obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) exhibits an excellent catalytic performance with a 90%toluene conversion at 295℃,which is 68℃lower than that of CeO_(2).Additionally,the obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2)catalyst also exhibited good catalytic stability and water resistance.The XRD and HRTEM results show that Zr ions are incorporated into CeO_(2) lattice,forming Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution.Temperature-programmed experiments reveal that Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) shows excellent lowtemperature reducibility and abundant surface oxygen species.In-situ DRIFTS tests were used to probe the reaction mechanism,and the function of Zr doping in promoting the activation of oxygen was further determined.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the vacancy formation energy and O_(2) adsorption energy are both lower on Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),confirming the reason for its superior catalytic performance.
基金Project supported by the State Key Research Project of Shandong Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020KB019)the fund of"Two-Hundred Talent"Plan of Yantai City+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974013)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J011270)。
文摘The low-dose X-ray induced long afterglow near infrared(NIR)luminescence from Cr^(3+)doped Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions was investigated.The structure analysis shows the good formation of Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions,which possesses a cubic spinel structure with Fd3m space group.The formation of Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Ga_(2)O_(4)spinel solid solutions induces the obvious increase of long afterglow near infrared luminescence excited by low-dose X-ray,When the content of doped Cd^(2+)reaches 0.1,the low-dose X-ray induced long afterglow NIR luminescence is the maximum.More importantly,only 5 s Xray irradiation can induce more than 6 h NIR afterglow emission,of which the afterglow luminescent intensity is still 5 times stronger than the background intensity after 6 h.The thermoluminescent results show that under the 5 s exposure of X-ray,the trap density of Zn_(0.9)Cd_(0.1)Ga_(2)O_(4):Cr^(3+)is much higher than that of ZnGa_(2)O_(4):Cr^(3+).The replacement of Cd^(2+)ions with large radius at Zn^(2+)sites causes the increase of de fects and dislocations,which results in the obvious increase of trap co ncentrations.And the addition of high-z number elements Cd^(2+)would enhance the X-ray absorption of the solid solutions,which thus can be easily excited by low-dose X-ray.Zn_(0.9)Cd_(0.1)Ga_(2)O_(4):1%Cr^(3+)solid solution is a potential candidate of lowdose X-ray induced long afterglow luminescent materials.
文摘The problem of nonlinear forced oscillations for elliptical sandwich plates is dealt with. Based on the governing equations expressed in terms of five displacement components, the nonlinear dynamic equation of an elliptical sandwich plate under a harmonic force is derived. A superpositive-iterative harmonic balance (SIHB) method is presented for the steady-state analysis of strongly nonlinear oscillators. In a periodic oscillation, the periodic solutions can be expressed in the form of basic harmonics and bifurcate harmonics. Thus, an oscillation system which is described as a second order ordinary differential equation, can be expressed as fundamental differential equation with fundamental harmonics and incremental differential equation with derived harmonics. The 1/3 subharmonic solution of an elliptical sandwich plate is investigated by using the methods of SIHB. The SIHB method is compared with the numerical integration method. Finally, asymptotical stability of the 1/3 subharmonic oscillations is inspected.
基金Supported by the Global Change Research Program of China under Grant No.2015CB953904National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11675054 and 11435005+1 种基金Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation Cultivation Plan of Action under Grant No.YB2016039Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Trustworthy Software for Internet of Things under Grant No.ZF1213
文摘In this paper, a class of lump solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is studied by searching for positive quadratic function solutions to the associated bilinear equation. To guarantee rational localization and analyticity of the lumps, some sufficient and necessary conditions are presented on the parameters involved in the solutions. Then, a completely non-elastic interaction between a lump and a stripe of the(2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is obtained, which shows a lump solution is drowned or swallowed by a stripe soliton. Finally, 2-dimensional curves, 3-dimensional plots and density plots with particular choices of the involved parameters are presented to show the dynamic characteristics of the obtained lump and interaction solutions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program),No.82000493Peking University People’s Hospital Scientific Research Development Funds,No.RDJP2023-09.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic enteropathy associated with solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1(SLCO2A1)(CEAS)is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease characterized by anemia,hypoproteinemia,abdominal pain,diarrhea,and multiple shallow ulcers in the small intestine.Genetic analysis for SLCO2A1 mutations has identified more than 10 variant types,including the mostly reported c.940+1G>A splice site mutation.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we described a 33-year-old female patient who was admitted for anemia,edema,and a positive fecal occult blood test,unaccompanied by abdominal pain and diarrhea.She was diagnosed with CEAS due to compound heterozygous variants,c.940+1G>cA(splice-5)and c.1658T>A(p.Ile553Asn)in SLCO2A1,which had not been previously reported.Importantly,we reviewed 132 reported CEAS patients,which showed that anemia(87.3%)and hypoproteinemia(81%)were the most common symptoms.Nearly 25.8%of patients only had a positive result of fecal occult blood,without any symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding.CONCLUSION In conclusion,fecal tests should be repeated in patients with anemia and edema to find clues for chronic enteropathy,including the rare cause-CEAS.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No.10452840301004616)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61001018)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Doctors of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute (Grant No.408YKQ09)
文摘Recently, a new （2＋1）-dimensional shallow water wave system, the （2＋1）-dlmenslonal displacement shallow water wave system （2DDSWWS）, was constructed by applying the variational principle of the analytic mechanics in the Lagrange coordinates. The disadvantage is that fluid viscidity is not considered in the 2DDSWWS, which is the same as the famous Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation and Korteweg-de Vries equation. Applying dimensional analysis, we modify the 2DDSWWS and add the term related to the fluid viscidity to the 2DDSWWS. The approximate similarity solutions of the modified 2DDSWWS （M2DDSWWS） is studied and four similarity solutions are obtained. For the perfect fluids, the coefficient of kinematic viscosity is zero, then the M2DDSWWS will degenerate to the 2DDSWWS.
基金Project supported by the Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices (Anhui University),China
文摘In this paper, we make use of the auxiliary equation and the expanded mapping methods to find the new exact periodic solutions for （2＋1）-dimensional dispersive long wave equations in mathematical physics, which are expressed by Jacobi elliptic functions, and obtain some new solitary wave solutions （m → 1）. This method can also be used to explore new periodic wave solutions for other nonlinear evolution equations.
文摘Based on the travelling wave method, a(2 + 1)-dimensional AKNS equation is considered. Elliptic solution and soliton solution are presented and it is shown that the soliton solution can be reduced from the elliptic solution. It also proves that the result is consistent with the soliton solution of simplify Hirota bilinear method by Wazwaz and illustrate the solution are right travelling wave solution.
基金Project supported by the Global Change Research Program of China(Grant No.2015CB953904)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11275072 and 11435005)+2 种基金the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20120076110024)the Network Information Physics Calculation of Basic Research Innovation Research Group of China(Grant No.61321064)the Fund from Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Trustworthy Software for Internet of Things(Grant No.ZF1213)
文摘In this paper,the truncated Painlev′e analysis,nonlocal symmetry,Bcklund transformation of the（2＋1）-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff equation are presented.Then the nonlocal symmetry is localized to the corresponding nonlocal group by the prolonged system.In addition,the（2＋1）-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff is proved consistent Riccati expansion（CRE） solvable.As a result,the soliton–cnoidal wave interaction solutions of the equation are explicitly given,which are difficult to find by other traditional methods.Moreover figures are given out to show the properties of the explicit analytic interaction solutions.
文摘The effect of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol on silver electrodeposition process from 5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin solutions was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetric measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cyclic voltammetric studies indicate that the reduction process of silver electrodeposition is influenced by adding 2-butyne-1, 4-diol. Owing to its adsorption on the electrode surface, 2-butyne-1, 4-diol moderately hinders the mass transfer of the silver complexed ions from the bulk solution to the outer limit of the electrode double layer and affects the electrocrystallization step. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that the presence of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol in the electrolyte is beneficial and the silver deposits obtained are smoother, more compact and more leveled. X-ray diffraction analysis of the silver deposits obtained at 0.5 g·L-1 2-butyne-1, 4-diol indicated that the (110) plane is the most preferred plane and is not affected by the presence of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol in the electrolyte.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10647112)the Foundation of Donghua University
文摘Based on the B/icklund method and the multilinear variable separation approach （MLVSA）, this paper finds a general solution including two arbitrary functions for the （2＋1）-dimensional Burgers equations. Then a class of new doubly periodic wave solutions for （2＋l）-dimensional Burgers equations is obtained by introducing appropriate Jacobi elliptic functions, Weierstrass elliptic functions and their combination in the general solutions （which contains two arbitrary functions）. Two types of limit cases are considered. Firstly, taking one of the moduli to be unity and the other zero, it obtains particular wave （called semi-localized） patterns, which is periodic in one direction, but localized in the other direction. Secondly, if both moduli are tending to 1 as a limit, it derives some novel localized excitations （two-dromion solution）.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China, and the Natural Science Foundation of Liaocheng University .
文摘In this paper, we present a new rational algebraic approach to uniformly construct a series of exact analytical solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations. Compared with most existing tanh methods and other sophisticated methods, the proposed method not only recovers some known solutions, but also finds some new and general solutions. The solutions obtained in this paper include rational form triangular periodic wave solutions, solitary wave solutions, and elliptic doubly periodic wave solutions. The efficiency of the method can be demonstrated on （2＋1）-dimensional dispersive long-wave equation.
基金Project(2009BB4228) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing City,ChinaProject(CK2010Z09) supported by the Research Foundation of Chongqing University of Science and Technology,China
文摘In order to reduce the oxidizing and volatilizing caused by Mg element in the traditional methods for synthesizing Mg2Sil-xSnx （x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8） solid solutions, microwave irradiation techniques were used in preparing them as thermoelectric materials. Structure and phase composition of the obtained materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity were measured as a function of temperature from 300 to 750 K. It is found that Mg2Si1-xSnx solid solutions are well formed with excessive content of 5% （molar fraction） Mg from the stoichiometric MgESil.xSnx under microwave irradiation. A maximum dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, of about 0.26 is obtained for Mg2Si1-xSnx solid solutions at about 500 K for x=0.6.
文摘A general mapping deformation method is presented and applied to a (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq system. Many new types of explicit and exact travelling wave solutions, which contain solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, Jacobian and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions, and other exact excitations like polynomial solutions, exponential solutions, and rational solutions, etc., are obtained by a simple algebraic transformation relation between the (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation and a generalized cubic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation.
文摘New exact solutions in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions are obtained to the (2+1)-dimensional breakingsoliton equation by means of the modified mapping method. Limit cases are studied, and new solitary wave solutionsand triangular periodic wave solutions are obtained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10771196 and 10831003the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant Nos.Y7080198 and R6090109
文摘In this paper, the （2＋ 1）-dimensional soliton equation is mainly being discussed. Based on the Hirota direct method, Wronskian technique and the Pfattlan properties, the N-soliton solution, Wronskian and Grammian solutions have been generated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11775121 and 11435005)the Dean’s Research Fund 2017-18(FLASS/DRF/IRS-10)from the Education University of Hong Kongthe KC Wong Magna Fund at Ningbo University.
文摘In this paper,we investigate some new interesting solution structures of the(2+1)-dimensional bidirectional Sawada–Kotera(bSK)equation.We obtain soliton molecules by introducing velocity resonance.On the basis of soliton molecules,asymmetric solitons are obtained by changing the distance between two solitons of molecules.Based on the N-soliton solutions,several novel types of mixed solutions are generated,which include the mixed breather-soliton molecule solution by the module resonance of the wave number and partial velocity resonance,the mixed lump-soliton molecule solution obtained by partial velocity resonance and partial long wave limits,and the mixed solutions composed of soliton molecules(asymmetric solitons),lump waves,and breather waves.Some plots are presented to clearly illustrate the dynamic features of these solutions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11671219 and 11871446)
文摘We give the bilinear form and n-soliton solutions of a（2+1）-dimensional [（2+1）-D] extended shallow water wave（eSWW） equation associated with two functions v and r by using Hirota bilinear method. We provide solitons, breathers,and hybrid solutions of them. Four cases of a crucial φ（y）, which is an arbitrary real continuous function appeared in f of bilinear form, are selected by using Jacobi elliptic functions, which yield a periodic solution and three kinds of doubly localized dormion-type solution. The first order Jacobi-type solution travels parallelly along the x axis with the velocity（3k12+ α, 0） on（x, y）-plane. If φ（y） = sn（y, 3/10）, it is a periodic solution. If φ（y） = cn（y, 1）, it is a dormion-type-Ⅰ solutions which has a maximum（3/4）k1p1 and a minimum-（3/4）k1p1. The width of the contour line is ln■. If φ（y） = sn（y, 1）, we get a dormion-type-Ⅱ solution（26） which has only one extreme value-（3/2）k1p1. The width of the contour line is ln■. If φ（y） = sn（y, 1/2）/（1 + y2）, we get a dormion-type-Ⅲ solution（21） which shows very strong doubly localized feature on（x, y） plane. Moreover, several interesting patterns of the mixture of periodic and localized solutions are also given in graphic way.
基金The project partially supported by the State Key Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2004CB318000 .
文摘In this paper, we extend the multiple Riccati equations rational expansion method by introducing a new ansatz. Using this method, many complexiton solutions of the （2＋ 1 ）-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equations are obtained which include various combination of hyperbolic and trigonometric periodic function solutions, various combination of hyperbolic and rational function solutions, various combination of trigonometric periodic and rational function solutions, etc. The method can be also used to solve other nonlinear partial differential equations.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11775121 and 11435005K C Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘In this paper,based on N-soliton solutions,we introduce a new constraint among parameters to find the resonance Y-type soliton solutions in(2+1)-dimensional integrable systems.Then,we take the(2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation as an example to illustrate how to generate these resonance Y-type soliton solutions with this new constraint.Next,by the long wave limit method,velocity resonance and module resonance,we can obtain some new types of hybrid solutions of resonance Y-type solitons with line waves,breather waves,high-order lump waves respectively.Finally,we also study the dynamics of these interaction solutions and indicate mathematically that these interactions are elastic.
