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规则社会化与规则弹性——一项关于政府救助的实证分析 被引量:5
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作者 吴军民 《公共管理学报》 CSSCI 2009年第4期18-24,共7页
日常社会救助工作中存在着大量规则"软化"和"偏离"现象。本文以江西省农村低保制度为对象,通过结构访谈、问卷调查等方法收集相关数据并运用多元回归方法加以分析,探讨社会救助过程中的规则弹性影响因素及其动力机... 日常社会救助工作中存在着大量规则"软化"和"偏离"现象。本文以江西省农村低保制度为对象,通过结构访谈、问卷调查等方法收集相关数据并运用多元回归方法加以分析,探讨社会救助过程中的规则弹性影响因素及其动力机制问题。研究发现,行政权力、社会关系、信息、地方性认同和人力资本对规则弹性有着深刻影响,它们共同塑造了规则实施弹性的多样化形态:上级政府的向下分权、组织社会关系对规则弹性有正向影响,行政集权则相反;而多元化信息途径、地方性认同和人力资本对规则内容弹性、规则形式弹性有着差异化的影响。结果表明,与合法性-地方性认同机制对规则弹性的解释作用相比,效率-权力和网络-信任机制更为突出。我国社会救助尤其是农村社会救助工作的定量研究并不多见。因此,本文的研究方法和研究结论为当前我国社会救助工作的规范化运作提供了新的分析视角和参考依据。 展开更多
关键词 政府救助 农村最低生活保障 规则弹性 社会关系
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Minimum Genus Embeddings of the Complete Graph
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作者 Zhao Xiang LI Han REN 《Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第10期1246-1254,共9页
In this paper, the problem of construction of exponentially many minimum genus crouchdings of complete graphs in surfaces are studied. There are three approaches to solve this problem. The first approach is to constru... In this paper, the problem of construction of exponentially many minimum genus crouchdings of complete graphs in surfaces are studied. There are three approaches to solve this problem. The first approach is to construct exponentially many graphs by the theory of graceful labeling of paths; the second approach is to find a current assignment of the current graph by the theory of current graph; the third approach is to find exponentially many embedding (or rotation) schemes of complete graph by finding exponentially many distinct maximum genus embeddings of the current graph. According to this three approaches, we can construct exponentially many minimum genus embeddings of complete graph K12s+8 in orientable surfaces, which show that there are at least 10/5 × (200/9)^s distinct minimum genus embeddings for K12s+8 in orientable surfaces. We have also proved that K12s+8 has at least 10/3× (200/9)^s distinct minimum genus embeddings in non-orientable surfaces. 展开更多
关键词 Maximum genus embedding minimum genus embedding complete graph current graph
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