Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between...Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between the ice-snow tourism network attention and tourism industry development in 31 Chinese provinces and proposed suggestions pertaining to development.Our findings showed that(1)most provinces have not yet achieved excellent coordinated development between the two systems,and the coupled coordination efficiency is low.Each province's coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency exhibited a small increase.(2)Spatial differences in the coupled coordination level and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province were more evident.In seven provinces,including Heilongjiang,tourism industry development demonstrated a relatively high utilization rate and enhanced ice-snow tourism network attention.(3)The rankings of the coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province remained relatively stable at the upper and lower ends,with large changes in the central provinces.The coupled coordination efficiency of Heilongjiang,Beijing,Jilin,and Shanghai remained at the top of the list steadily,whereas Xizang,Anhui,and Qinghai stayed at the bottom.In contrast,the ranking of the coupled coordination efficiency of Inner Mongolia,Henan,and Jiangsu displayed a great change.(4)The spatial correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation that decreased annually.Some provinces exhibited characteristics of spatial aggregation,with a high-high aggregation effect in Liaoning and Jilin,a low-low aggregation effect in Gansu and Qinghai,and no spatial aggregation effect in most other provinces.展开更多
Sustainable development is a complex and systemic issue. It is essential to study it by the component analysis method from the view of system science. The urban developmental sustainability is one of focuses that peop...Sustainable development is a complex and systemic issue. It is essential to study it by the component analysis method from the view of system science. The urban developmental sustainability is one of focuses that people has paid more attention to, however, little common understanding how to measure and evaluate the sustainability has been gotten. In this paper, a framework is designed to evaluate the developmental sustainability of Suihua City, Heilongiiang Province in China from the aspects of economy, society, population, resources and environment. We adopt the Principal Components Analysis （PCA） to decrease dimensions and simplify the original indexes into 12 indexes. Also, the hierarchy and comprehensive multiple-criterion evaluative methods are employed to assess the sustainable development system in Suihua City. Then, the weights of indexes are attained by Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） method. Furthermore, urban comprehensive development level, developmental sustainability, coordinate degree are calculated and analyzed. By analyzing, we know the fluctuation of development level of subsystem, especially resources and environment subsystem, is acute. The comprehensive development level of sustainable development system in Suihua has been on the rise since 1999. That results from the effect of traditional economic development mode with high energy-consumed being decreased in the city after 1999. At the same time, it is obvious that there was an instability of development level in Suihua City during 1990-2002, the status＇trend was more harmonious in 1999-2002. with a turn in 1998, and the development could be sustainable,展开更多
Underground pipeline networks constitute a major component of urban infrastructure,and thus,it is imperative to have an efficient mechanism to manage them.This study introduces a secondary development system to effici...Underground pipeline networks constitute a major component of urban infrastructure,and thus,it is imperative to have an efficient mechanism to manage them.This study introduces a secondary development system to efficiently model underground pipeline networks,using the building information modeling(BIM)-based software Revit.The system comprises separate pipe point and tubulation models.Using a Revit application programming interface(API),the spatial position and attribute data of the pipe points are extracted from a pipeline database,and the corresponding tubulation data are extracted from a tubulation database.Using the Family class in Revit API,the cluster in the self-built library of pipe point is inserted into the spatial location and the attribute data is added;in the same way,all pipeline instances in the pipeline system are created.The extension and localization of the model accelerated the modeling speed.The system was then used in a real construction project.The expansion of the model database and rapid modeling made the application of BIM technology in three-dimensional visualization of underground pipeline networks more convenient.Furthermore,it has applications in pipeline engineering construction and management.展开更多
Land use change has significant influence on the operation of the PopulationResources-Environment-De-velopment (PRED) System. Moderate land use is the key factor to ensure the coordinative and sustainable development ...Land use change has significant influence on the operation of the PopulationResources-Environment-De-velopment (PRED) System. Moderate land use is the key factor to ensure the coordinative and sustainable development between land use and PRED system. Based on the internal relationship between land use and PRED system, a PRED evaluation index system and a Press-Status-Response (PSR) model were established in this study. According to the expounding on the mechanism of the PSR model, we investigated the coordinative development between the changes of regional land use and PRED system taking Jiangsu Province as an example. The results showed that the orders of the Synthetic Index of Land Use (SILU) and the Variation of PRED Index (VPI) in Jiangsu are both the southern Jiangsu>the central Jiangsu>the northern Jiangsu. A cubic curve model was used to fit the relationship between the VPI and SILU. The inflection point of VPI was situated in 5.0 of SILU. When SILU was below 5.0, VPI increased with SILU, which will be helpful to the coordinative development between land use and PRED system. Based on those results, it is suggested that the land use degree of the southern Jiangsu, especially that of Nanjing City, should be moderately controlled at present, while land resources of the central Jiangsu and the northern Jiangsu should be further exploited.展开更多
Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant limitations.To address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-li...Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant limitations.To address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and disease.To enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid culture.This involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid system.This cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology testing.As a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental toxins.Brain organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature differentiation.Cadmium exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic locations.The convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.展开更多
This study investigates the coordination between regional economic growth and ecological sustainability within the context of high-quality town economy development.To address the challenges of balancing economic expan...This study investigates the coordination between regional economic growth and ecological sustainability within the context of high-quality town economy development.To address the challenges of balancing economic expansion with environmental protection,a comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed,encompassing two key dimensions:regional economy and ecological environment.Using panel data from 2013 to 2022,the coupling coordination degree model is employed to quantify the interactions and synergy between these dimensions.Additionally,spatial econometric methods are applied to calculate both global and local Moran’s Index,revealing spatial clustering patterns,regional disparities,and heterogeneity.The relative development model further identifies critical factors influencing regional coordination,with a focus on the lagging development of basic infrastructure and public services.The findings demonstrate a positive temporal trend toward improved regional coordination and reduced development gaps,with a spatial pattern characterized by higher coupling degrees in eastern and central regions compared to western areas.Based on these results,this study proposes actionable strategies to enhance coordinated development,emphasizing ecological conservation,the establishment of green production and consumption systems,ecological restoration,and strengthened municipal collaboration.This revised abstract emphasizes the study’s purpose,methods,and key findings more clearly while maintaining a professional and concise tone.Finally,based on the above analysis results,the corresponding coordinated development suggestions of regional economy and ecological environment are given from the aspects of ecological environment protection measures,green production and consumption system construction,ecological environment restoration and municipal coordination.展开更多
The mountainous rural regions of China are undergoing enormous changes in space and time.To a certain extent,this change has increased the difficulties in our understanding of rural development in mountainous areas an...The mountainous rural regions of China are undergoing enormous changes in space and time.To a certain extent,this change has increased the difficulties in our understanding of rural development in mountainous areas and brought challenges to development policies and revitalization strategies in mountainous rural regions,especially in karst mountainous areas.In light of the difficulty in and as the key to the development of China's mountainous rural areas,the scientific and systematic construction of indicators for evaluating the level of rural revitalization development and clarifying the level of rural revitalization development and influential factors in karst mountainous areas are of great significance to the implementation of the development of the strategy for the revitalization of the rural areas in karst mountainous areas in China.This study constructed an evaluation index system of the rural regional system and rural revitalization development(RTSRD)from the perspective of rural regional system theory,assessed the spatial differentiation patterns and influential factors of RTSRD,and refined a typical territorial model of rural revitalization development in karst mountainous areas by taking Guizhou Province,a typical karst mountainous region,as a case study area.The evaluation and spatial analyses show that the RTSRD indices of karst mountainous areas in the system perspective show a linear growth trend in all single dimensions,with industrial revitalization(IR)showing the most significant increase each year.In time,the RTSRD of karst mountainous regions has developed from low to high,with evident improvement;spatially,the RTSRD shows the characteristics of‘high in the middle and low in the surroundings,and low in the plateau and low in the depression,'with apparent spatial heterogeneity.In addition,this study found that the spatial and temporal differences in RTSRD result from a combination of endogenous push and exogenous pull in the rural system.In particular,this study has refined a typical regional model of rural revitalization development in karst mountainous regions,which provides theoretical support and case practice for rural development in other karst mountainous regions.At the same time,it provides a basis for decision-making for the county level government and rural development planning.展开更多
Based on the requirements of local high-quality economic development and addressing the critical task of transformation and upgrading in the tea industry,this paper systematically discusses the necessity and feasibili...Based on the requirements of local high-quality economic development and addressing the critical task of transformation and upgrading in the tea industry,this paper systematically discusses the necessity and feasibility of constructing an optimal industrialization operation system driven by the dual wheels of"branding+standardization".The article first clarifies the connotation of high-quality development and the synergistic mechanism between branding and standardization.It then analyzes the current situation and bottlenecks of China's tea industry development.Subsequently,it proposes a dual-wheel drive strategy where branding enhances value and standardization guarantees quality,and designs a systematic implementation plan involving industrial chain synergy optimization and integrated support from government,industry,academia,research,and application.On this basis,strategies and suggestions are proposed,encompassing the starting point,standard focal points,key effort areas,innovation points,and target achievement points.The aim is to promote the tea industry to break through homogeneous competition,achieve value ascent,and provide important industrial support for regional high-quality development through the construction of the aforementioned system.展开更多
Strip-till(ST),including straw mulching in the inter-row and localized fertilization in the intra-row,is a conservation tillage system for improving soil quality and crop growth.However,the yield advantage of maize un...Strip-till(ST),including straw mulching in the inter-row and localized fertilization in the intra-row,is a conservation tillage system for improving soil quality and crop growth.However,the yield advantage of maize under ST compared to conventional tillage(CT)remains unstable,and the strategies to increase maize yield under ST are unclear.This study aims to understand the physiological mechanism underlining maize yield formation under ST by comparing two maize cultivars,DKM753 and DK517,with contrasting yield performance in ST versus CT systems.Compared to CT,ST resulted in a 4.5%yield increase for DKM753 but a 5.6%decrease for DK517.These yield differences were primarily attributed to variations in grain number per ear(GN).During the rapid growth stage(V14-R3),i.e.,two weeks before and after silking,DKM753 showed a 6.7%increase in maximum growth rate(V_(max))and a 6.3%increase in average growth rate(V)under ST,whereas DK517 exhibited decline of 8.5%in V_(max) and 12.3%in V.Significant positive correlations are observed between V_(max) and V with GN under ST(R^(2)=0.79 and R^(2)=0.90,respectively).Enhanced dry matter accumulation in DKM753 under ST was attributed to increased leaf expansion rates,contributing to a larger photosynthate source.The straw mulching and localized nitrogen fertilization increased root-zone nitrogen availability at silking in ST compared to CT.DKM753 had a greater root system which made better use of the soil N and lead to an increased leaf nitrogen accumulation by 14.9%under ST.It is concluded that maize yield under the strip-till system is determined by grain number per ear,which can be increased by increasing nitrogen accumulation,plant growth,and ear development around silking stage.A sound root system can efficiently utilize soil nitrogen resources under the strip-till system,increasing plant nitrogen accumulation and thereby promoting plant growth.展开更多
Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges,including drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity,which highlight the need for multitarget strategies.This review examines the molecular compatibility theory ...Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges,including drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity,which highlight the need for multitarget strategies.This review examines the molecular compatibility theory in integrative oncology,which combines traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with systems biology to address these limitations.TCM formulas,such as Banxia Xiexin decoction and Qiqin Huchang formula,contain bioactive compounds(e.g.,quercetin and berberine)that modulate interconnected pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase)and the tumor microenvironment,thereby promoting apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis,and regulating immune responses.The theory modernizes TCM’s“Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi”principle by optimizing herb combinations through network pharmacology and omics technologies.For instance,Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao(Huang Qi)-Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.(E Zhu)pairs co-target hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha to suppress metastasis,while artificial intelligence-driven models predict synergistic interactions such as quercetin-cyclin-dependent kinase 1 inhibition.Clinical studies have shown improved outcomes;for instance,modified Banxia Xiexin decoction reduces chemotherapy-induced toxicity in gastric cancer,and Xihuang pill enhances immunotherapy via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-programmed death-ligand 1 modulation.Despite these advances,challenges remain in standardization and mechanistic validation.Future research should prioritize single-cell sequencing,organoid models,and international collaboration to refine personalized therapies and translate TCM into evidence-based oncology.By integrating empirical knowledge with modern science,molecular compatibility theory provides a robust framework for multitarget drug development and the advancement of integrative cancer therapies.展开更多
Agricultural land development is a pivotal strategy for addressing the global food security crisis.Barren grassland,especially those in mountainous regions,constitutes critical areas where cultivation can substantiall...Agricultural land development is a pivotal strategy for addressing the global food security crisis.Barren grassland,especially those in mountainous regions,constitutes critical areas where cultivation can substantially enhance land resources.This study highlights the necessity for a precise correlation between land development initiatives and constraints in order to optimize efficiency and enhance the effectiveness of such projects,with the core being the seamless integration of land development engineering and techniques to eliminate agricultural constraints.This study employs a systems engineering approach to classify improvement factors into mobile and fixed categories,elucidating the integration methods of constraint factors.Adhering to the Wooden Barrel Principle,these constraints were rigorously analyzed based on soil quality,land topography,water availability,and agricultural infrastructure.An innovative method of engineering type combination is proposed,which effectively explains the correlation between natural factors combination,project type combination,and target factors combination.It provides a convenient way for the selection of barren grassland development projects and lays a foundation for land planning,development project establishment,program selection,engineering design,and budget preparation.Taking Tang County of China as an example,it is divided into 19 factor improvement areas,a quick reference table of engineering types is established,and 14 main types of engineering combinations are obtained,which lays a foundation for the application of theoretical framework in practice.展开更多
Background Early embryo development plays a pivotal role in determining pregnancy outcomes,postnatal development,and lifelong health.Therefore,the strategic selection of functional nutrients to enhance embryo developm...Background Early embryo development plays a pivotal role in determining pregnancy outcomes,postnatal development,and lifelong health.Therefore,the strategic selection of functional nutrients to enhance embryo development is of paramount importance.In this study,we established a stable porcine trophectoderm cell line expressing dual fluorescent reporter genes driven by the CDX2 and TEAD4 gene promoter segments using lentiviral transfection.Results Three amino acid metabolites—kynurenic acid,taurine,and tryptamine—met the minimum z-score criteria of 2.0 for both luciferase and Renilla luciferase activities and were initially identified as potential metabolites for embryo development,with their beneficial effects validated by qPCR.Given that the identified metabolites are closely related to methionine,arginine,and tryptophan,we selected these three amino acids,using lysine as a standard,and employed response surface methodology combined with our high-throughput screening cell model to efficiently screen and optimize amino acid combination conducive to early embryo development.The optimized candidate amino acid system included lysine(1.87 mmol/L),methionine(0.82 mmol/L),tryptophan(0.23 mmol/L),and arginine(3 mmol/L),with the ratio of 1:0.43:0.12:1.60.In vitro experiments confirmed that this amino acid system enhances the expression of key genes involved in early embryonic development and improves in vitro embryo adhesion.Transcriptomic analysis of blastocysts suggested that candidate amino acid system enhances early embryo development by regulating early embryonic cell cycle and differentiation,as well as improving nutrient absorption.Furthermore,based on response surface methodology,400 sows were used to verify this amino acid system,substituting arginine with the more cost-effective N-carbamoyl glutamate(NCG),a precursor of arginine.The optimal dietary amino acid requirement was predicted to be 0.71%lysine,0.32%methionine,0.22%tryptophan,and 0.10%NCG for sows during early gestation.The optimized amino acid system ratio of the feed,derived from the peripheral release of essential amino acids,was found to be 1:0.45:0.13,which is largely consistent with the results obtained from the cell model optimization.Subsequently,we furtherly verified that this optimal dietary amino acid system significantly increased total litter size,live litter size and litter weight in sows.Conclusions In summary,we successfully established a dual-fluorescent high-throughput screening cell model for the efficient identification of potential nutrients that would promote embryo development and implantation.This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of traditional amino acid nutrition studies in sows,providing a more effective model for enhancing reproductive outcomes.展开更多
The rapid expansion of urban development has led to the extensive construction of civil infrastructures.However,these urban development zones frequently face potential geohazards,primarily due to the lack of detailed ...The rapid expansion of urban development has led to the extensive construction of civil infrastructures.However,these urban development zones frequently face potential geohazards,primarily due to the lack of detailed site investigations and long-term monitoring of subsurface geological conditions.Understanding the temporal and spatial distributions of underground multi-field information is vital for successful engineering construction and effective utilization of urban underground space.In this study,a fiber optic nerve system(FONS)was utilized in the Tianfu New Area,Sichuan Province,China,to obtain comprehensive subsurface multi-physical information,including geological deformation,temperature,and surface hydrological data.The FONS incorporates three advanced fiber optic sensing techniques,i.e.fiber Bragg grating(FBG),Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry(BOTDR),and Raman optical time domain reflectometry(ROTDR).Fully-and quasi-distributed strain/temperature sensing cables have been installed in nine monitoring boreholes,covering various geological features such as plains,terraces,and areas within active fault zones.The field monitoring results confirm the feasibility of employing FONS for geological investigations within urban development zones,offering a valuable reference for future applications of this cost-effective technology in geohazard mitigation.展开更多
Ecosystems play a pivotal role in advancing Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)by providing indispensable and resilient ecosystem services(ESs).However,the limited analysis of spatiotemporal heterogeneity often re str...Ecosystems play a pivotal role in advancing Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)by providing indispensable and resilient ecosystem services(ESs).However,the limited analysis of spatiotemporal heterogeneity often re stricts the recognition of ESs’roles in attaining SDGs and landscape planning.We selected 183 counties in the Sichuan Province as the study area and mapped 10 SDGs and 7 ESs from 2000 to 2020.We used correlation analysis,principal component analysis,Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression model,and self organizing maps to reveal the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the impacts of the bundle of ESs on the SDGs and to develop spatial planning and management strategies.The results showed that(1)SDGs were improved in all counties,with SDG 1(No Poverty)and SDG 3(Good Health and Well-being)exhibiting poor performance.West ern Sichuan demonstrated stronger performance in environment-related SDGs in the Sichuan Province,while the Sichuan Basin showed better progress in socio-economic-related SDGs;(2)habitat quality,carbon sequestration,air pollution removal,and soil retention significantly influenced the development of 9 SDGs;(3)supporting,regulating,and provisioning service bundles have persistent and stable spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects on SDG1,SDG8,SDG11,SDG13,and SDG15.These findings substantiate the need for integrated management of multiple ESs and facilitate the regional achievement of SDGs in geographically intricate areas.展开更多
This paper highlights the critical role of medical device design and development documents within the quality system,including their compliance with regulatory standards,their function as a traceable record,their supp...This paper highlights the critical role of medical device design and development documents within the quality system,including their compliance with regulatory standards,their function as a traceable record,their support for all stages,and their use in risk and change management.It also covers document template creation,review record association,information management,adverse event traceability,and the reconciliation of differences in international declarations.展开更多
Ecosystem services in urban agglomerations are the environmental conditions under which human survival and development are sustained.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services and complex interactions can contribut...Ecosystem services in urban agglomerations are the environmental conditions under which human survival and development are sustained.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services and complex interactions can contribute positively to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for urban agglomerations.However,studies on the future contribution of multi-scenario ecosystem services to the SDGS are lacking.We pronovel integrated modeling framework that integrates the CLUES,InVEST,SOM,and GWR approaches to address the complex relationship between ecosystem services over a long“past-present-future”time series.We construct a novel ecosystem service bundle-based approach for measuring urban agglomerations progress towards achieving ecologically relevant sustainable development goals at multiple scales.In the future scenario,the water yield(WY),habitat quality(HQ),and soil conservation(SC)show similar spatial patterns,with comparable spatial grids,while carbon stock(CS)remains predominantly unchanged and the ecological protection scenario(EPS)improves more significantly.The high-synergy regions are mainly distributed in bundle 4,and most of the trade-off regions appear in bundles 1 and 2.Over the last 30 years,all but the water-related SDGs are declining in bundle 1 of the two urban agglomerations,which are 15%higher in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf(GBG)than in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA).From 2020 to 2035,the three scenarios demonstrate that the optimization of the SDGs progresses most effectively under the future ecological protection scenario(EPS).In particular,bundles 3 and 4 are significantly improved.This critical new knowledge can be used in sustainable ecosystem management and decision-making in urban agglomerations.展开更多
In underground engineering with complex conditions,the bolt(cable)anchorage support system is in an environment where static and dynamic stresses coexist,under the action of geological conditions such as high stresses...In underground engineering with complex conditions,the bolt(cable)anchorage support system is in an environment where static and dynamic stresses coexist,under the action of geological conditions such as high stresses and strong disturbances and construction conditions such as the application of high prestress.It is essential to study the support components performance under dynamic-static coupling conditions.Based on this,a multi-functional anchorage support dynamic-static coupling performance test system(MAC system)is developed,which can achieve 7 types of testing functions,including single component performance,anchored net performance,anchored rock performance and so on.The bolt and cable mechanical tests are conducted by MAC system under different prestress levels.The results showed that compared to the non-prestress condition,the impact resistance performance of prestressed bolts(cables)is significantly reduced.In the prestress range of 50–160 k N,the maximum reduction rate of impact energy resisted by different types of bolts is 53.9%–61.5%compared to non-prestress condition.In the prestress range of 150–300 k N,the impact energy resisted by high-strength cable is reduced by76.8%–84.6%compared to non-prestress condition.The MAC system achieves dynamic-static coupling performance test,which provide an effective means for the design of anchorage support system.展开更多
Given the rapid development of China’s new urbanization,cities with different locations and varying functional positioning,resource endowments,and development stages have insufficient scientific and applicable techni...Given the rapid development of China’s new urbanization,cities with different locations and varying functional positioning,resource endowments,and development stages have insufficient scientific and applicable technical tools for implementing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).City managers and policymakers must urgently establish SDG benchmarks to diagnose city development.Moreover,successful experiences from similar cities regarding sustainable development and self-improvement must be learned from to promote diversified,sustainable development across the country.Furthermore,emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence,the Internet of Things,big data and 5G are widely used in smart cities.Therefore,there is a growing need for“knowledge-based,personalized and intelligent”technologies to support monitoring,evaluation,and decision-making processes facilitating sustainable development in cities.This paper uses standardization as the theoretical support and technical basis.This approach can help clarify the sustainable development processes in China and clarify the evaluation results of and provide data on horizontal city comparisons,which can be used to develop evaluation technology for sustainable development in cities and construct a standardized system.The results provide a standard framework for intelligent assessment and decision-making regarding cities’sustainable development capabilities in China.Evaluating major international standardization institutions reveals that the practices of Chinese national standards should be fully absorbed and integrated to guide the evaluation of smart,resilient,and low-carbon cities.To this end,an indicator library of city sustainable development is proposed to provide standard evaluation technology methods.Finally,analyzing the response relationship of the indicator library to SDGs reveals the need for a standardized knowledge map of sustainable development assessment techniques and methods from the perspective of integrated management for sustainable development in cities.展开更多
This paper provides an overview of conventional geothermal systems and unconventional geothermal developments as a common reference is needed for discussions between energy professionals. Conventional geothermal syste...This paper provides an overview of conventional geothermal systems and unconventional geothermal developments as a common reference is needed for discussions between energy professionals. Conventional geothermal systems have the heat, permeability and fluid, requiring only drilling down to °C, normal heat flow or decaying radiogenic granite as heat sources, and used in district heating. Medium-temperature (MT) 100°C - 190°C, and high-temperature (HT) 190°C - 374°C resources are mostly at plate boundaries, with volcanic intrusive heat source, used mostly for electricity generation. Single well capacities are °C - 500°C) and a range of depths (1 m to 20 Km), but lack permeability or fluid, thus requiring stimulations for heat extraction by conduction. HVAC is 1 - 2 m deep and shallow geothermal down to 500 m in wells, both capturing °C, with °C are either advanced by geothermal developers at <7 Km depth (Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), drilling below brittle-ductile transition zones and under geothermal fields), or by the Oil & Gas industry (Advanced Geothermal Systems, heat recovery from hydrocarbon wells or reservoirs, Superhot Rock Geothermal, and millimeter-wave drilling down to 20 Km). Their primary aim is electricity generation, relying on closed-loops, but EGS uses fractures for heat exchange with earthquake risks during fracking. Unconventional approaches could be everywhere, with shallow geothermal already functional. The deeper and hotter unconventional alternatives are still experimental, overcoming costs and technological challenges to become fully commercial. Meanwhile, the conventional geothermal resources remain the most proven opportunities for investments and development.展开更多
The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and contin...The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.展开更多
基金supported by The Science and Technology program of Gansu Province(Grant No.23ZDFA017).
文摘Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between the ice-snow tourism network attention and tourism industry development in 31 Chinese provinces and proposed suggestions pertaining to development.Our findings showed that(1)most provinces have not yet achieved excellent coordinated development between the two systems,and the coupled coordination efficiency is low.Each province's coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency exhibited a small increase.(2)Spatial differences in the coupled coordination level and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province were more evident.In seven provinces,including Heilongjiang,tourism industry development demonstrated a relatively high utilization rate and enhanced ice-snow tourism network attention.(3)The rankings of the coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province remained relatively stable at the upper and lower ends,with large changes in the central provinces.The coupled coordination efficiency of Heilongjiang,Beijing,Jilin,and Shanghai remained at the top of the list steadily,whereas Xizang,Anhui,and Qinghai stayed at the bottom.In contrast,the ranking of the coupled coordination efficiency of Inner Mongolia,Henan,and Jiangsu displayed a great change.(4)The spatial correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation that decreased annually.Some provinces exhibited characteristics of spatial aggregation,with a high-high aggregation effect in Liaoning and Jilin,a low-low aggregation effect in Gansu and Qinghai,and no spatial aggregation effect in most other provinces.
基金Under the auspices of Scientific Research Foundation of Heilongjiang Provincial Education Department (No. 11511133)Key Teacher Foundation of Harbin Normal University (No. KG2007-06)
文摘Sustainable development is a complex and systemic issue. It is essential to study it by the component analysis method from the view of system science. The urban developmental sustainability is one of focuses that people has paid more attention to, however, little common understanding how to measure and evaluate the sustainability has been gotten. In this paper, a framework is designed to evaluate the developmental sustainability of Suihua City, Heilongiiang Province in China from the aspects of economy, society, population, resources and environment. We adopt the Principal Components Analysis （PCA） to decrease dimensions and simplify the original indexes into 12 indexes. Also, the hierarchy and comprehensive multiple-criterion evaluative methods are employed to assess the sustainable development system in Suihua City. Then, the weights of indexes are attained by Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） method. Furthermore, urban comprehensive development level, developmental sustainability, coordinate degree are calculated and analyzed. By analyzing, we know the fluctuation of development level of subsystem, especially resources and environment subsystem, is acute. The comprehensive development level of sustainable development system in Suihua has been on the rise since 1999. That results from the effect of traditional economic development mode with high energy-consumed being decreased in the city after 1999. At the same time, it is obvious that there was an instability of development level in Suihua City during 1990-2002, the status＇trend was more harmonious in 1999-2002. with a turn in 1998, and the development could be sustainable,
基金supported by a grant(No.14DZ2292800,http://www.greengeo.net/)from“Technology Service Platform of Civil Engineering”of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality.
文摘Underground pipeline networks constitute a major component of urban infrastructure,and thus,it is imperative to have an efficient mechanism to manage them.This study introduces a secondary development system to efficiently model underground pipeline networks,using the building information modeling(BIM)-based software Revit.The system comprises separate pipe point and tubulation models.Using a Revit application programming interface(API),the spatial position and attribute data of the pipe points are extracted from a pipeline database,and the corresponding tubulation data are extracted from a tubulation database.Using the Family class in Revit API,the cluster in the self-built library of pipe point is inserted into the spatial location and the attribute data is added;in the same way,all pipeline instances in the pipeline system are created.The extension and localization of the model accelerated the modeling speed.The system was then used in a real construction project.The expansion of the model database and rapid modeling made the application of BIM technology in three-dimensional visualization of underground pipeline networks more convenient.Furthermore,it has applications in pipeline engineering construction and management.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70373029)Ministry of Education Plans to Support the New Century Talents (No. NCET-05-0451)
文摘Land use change has significant influence on the operation of the PopulationResources-Environment-De-velopment (PRED) System. Moderate land use is the key factor to ensure the coordinative and sustainable development between land use and PRED system. Based on the internal relationship between land use and PRED system, a PRED evaluation index system and a Press-Status-Response (PSR) model were established in this study. According to the expounding on the mechanism of the PSR model, we investigated the coordinative development between the changes of regional land use and PRED system taking Jiangsu Province as an example. The results showed that the orders of the Synthetic Index of Land Use (SILU) and the Variation of PRED Index (VPI) in Jiangsu are both the southern Jiangsu>the central Jiangsu>the northern Jiangsu. A cubic curve model was used to fit the relationship between the VPI and SILU. The inflection point of VPI was situated in 5.0 of SILU. When SILU was below 5.0, VPI increased with SILU, which will be helpful to the coordinative development between land use and PRED system. Based on those results, it is suggested that the land use degree of the southern Jiangsu, especially that of Nanjing City, should be moderately controlled at present, while land resources of the central Jiangsu and the northern Jiangsu should be further exploited.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2019YFA0110300(to ZG)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81773302(to YF),32070862(to ZG).
文摘Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant limitations.To address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and disease.To enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid culture.This involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid system.This cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology testing.As a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental toxins.Brain organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature differentiation.Cadmium exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic locations.The convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.
基金support from Guangdong Science and Technology(20230505)Guangdong Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(GD20SQ25)Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation Strategy in 2024(Cultivation of College Students’Science and Technology Innovation)(pdjh2024a391)during preparation of this manuscript.
文摘This study investigates the coordination between regional economic growth and ecological sustainability within the context of high-quality town economy development.To address the challenges of balancing economic expansion with environmental protection,a comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed,encompassing two key dimensions:regional economy and ecological environment.Using panel data from 2013 to 2022,the coupling coordination degree model is employed to quantify the interactions and synergy between these dimensions.Additionally,spatial econometric methods are applied to calculate both global and local Moran’s Index,revealing spatial clustering patterns,regional disparities,and heterogeneity.The relative development model further identifies critical factors influencing regional coordination,with a focus on the lagging development of basic infrastructure and public services.The findings demonstrate a positive temporal trend toward improved regional coordination and reduced development gaps,with a spatial pattern characterized by higher coupling degrees in eastern and central regions compared to western areas.Based on these results,this study proposes actionable strategies to enhance coordinated development,emphasizing ecological conservation,the establishment of green production and consumption systems,ecological restoration,and strengthened municipal collaboration.This revised abstract emphasizes the study’s purpose,methods,and key findings more clearly while maintaining a professional and concise tone.Finally,based on the above analysis results,the corresponding coordinated development suggestions of regional economy and ecological environment are given from the aspects of ecological environment protection measures,green production and consumption system construction,ecological environment restoration and municipal coordination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42061035)the Guizhou Provincial Program on Commercialization of Scientific and Technological Achievements([2022]010)。
文摘The mountainous rural regions of China are undergoing enormous changes in space and time.To a certain extent,this change has increased the difficulties in our understanding of rural development in mountainous areas and brought challenges to development policies and revitalization strategies in mountainous rural regions,especially in karst mountainous areas.In light of the difficulty in and as the key to the development of China's mountainous rural areas,the scientific and systematic construction of indicators for evaluating the level of rural revitalization development and clarifying the level of rural revitalization development and influential factors in karst mountainous areas are of great significance to the implementation of the development of the strategy for the revitalization of the rural areas in karst mountainous areas in China.This study constructed an evaluation index system of the rural regional system and rural revitalization development(RTSRD)from the perspective of rural regional system theory,assessed the spatial differentiation patterns and influential factors of RTSRD,and refined a typical territorial model of rural revitalization development in karst mountainous areas by taking Guizhou Province,a typical karst mountainous region,as a case study area.The evaluation and spatial analyses show that the RTSRD indices of karst mountainous areas in the system perspective show a linear growth trend in all single dimensions,with industrial revitalization(IR)showing the most significant increase each year.In time,the RTSRD of karst mountainous regions has developed from low to high,with evident improvement;spatially,the RTSRD shows the characteristics of‘high in the middle and low in the surroundings,and low in the plateau and low in the depression,'with apparent spatial heterogeneity.In addition,this study found that the spatial and temporal differences in RTSRD result from a combination of endogenous push and exogenous pull in the rural system.In particular,this study has refined a typical regional model of rural revitalization development in karst mountainous regions,which provides theoretical support and case practice for rural development in other karst mountainous regions.At the same time,it provides a basis for decision-making for the county level government and rural development planning.
基金Supported by General Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research in Universities of Jiangsu Province,2024(2024SJYB1650).
文摘Based on the requirements of local high-quality economic development and addressing the critical task of transformation and upgrading in the tea industry,this paper systematically discusses the necessity and feasibility of constructing an optimal industrialization operation system driven by the dual wheels of"branding+standardization".The article first clarifies the connotation of high-quality development and the synergistic mechanism between branding and standardization.It then analyzes the current situation and bottlenecks of China's tea industry development.Subsequently,it proposes a dual-wheel drive strategy where branding enhances value and standardization guarantees quality,and designs a systematic implementation plan involving industrial chain synergy optimization and integrated support from government,industry,academia,research,and application.On this basis,strategies and suggestions are proposed,encompassing the starting point,standard focal points,key effort areas,innovation points,and target achievement points.The aim is to promote the tea industry to break through homogeneous competition,achieve value ascent,and provide important industrial support for regional high-quality development through the construction of the aforementioned system.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1500705)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19A2035)for financial support。
文摘Strip-till(ST),including straw mulching in the inter-row and localized fertilization in the intra-row,is a conservation tillage system for improving soil quality and crop growth.However,the yield advantage of maize under ST compared to conventional tillage(CT)remains unstable,and the strategies to increase maize yield under ST are unclear.This study aims to understand the physiological mechanism underlining maize yield formation under ST by comparing two maize cultivars,DKM753 and DK517,with contrasting yield performance in ST versus CT systems.Compared to CT,ST resulted in a 4.5%yield increase for DKM753 but a 5.6%decrease for DK517.These yield differences were primarily attributed to variations in grain number per ear(GN).During the rapid growth stage(V14-R3),i.e.,two weeks before and after silking,DKM753 showed a 6.7%increase in maximum growth rate(V_(max))and a 6.3%increase in average growth rate(V)under ST,whereas DK517 exhibited decline of 8.5%in V_(max) and 12.3%in V.Significant positive correlations are observed between V_(max) and V with GN under ST(R^(2)=0.79 and R^(2)=0.90,respectively).Enhanced dry matter accumulation in DKM753 under ST was attributed to increased leaf expansion rates,contributing to a larger photosynthate source.The straw mulching and localized nitrogen fertilization increased root-zone nitrogen availability at silking in ST compared to CT.DKM753 had a greater root system which made better use of the soil N and lead to an increased leaf nitrogen accumulation by 14.9%under ST.It is concluded that maize yield under the strip-till system is determined by grain number per ear,which can be increased by increasing nitrogen accumulation,plant growth,and ear development around silking stage.A sound root system can efficiently utilize soil nitrogen resources under the strip-till system,increasing plant nitrogen accumulation and thereby promoting plant growth.
基金supported from the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2025C02198)Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-construction Science and Technology Plan Project(GZY-ZJ-KJ-24083).
文摘Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges,including drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity,which highlight the need for multitarget strategies.This review examines the molecular compatibility theory in integrative oncology,which combines traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with systems biology to address these limitations.TCM formulas,such as Banxia Xiexin decoction and Qiqin Huchang formula,contain bioactive compounds(e.g.,quercetin and berberine)that modulate interconnected pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase)and the tumor microenvironment,thereby promoting apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis,and regulating immune responses.The theory modernizes TCM’s“Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi”principle by optimizing herb combinations through network pharmacology and omics technologies.For instance,Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao(Huang Qi)-Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.(E Zhu)pairs co-target hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha to suppress metastasis,while artificial intelligence-driven models predict synergistic interactions such as quercetin-cyclin-dependent kinase 1 inhibition.Clinical studies have shown improved outcomes;for instance,modified Banxia Xiexin decoction reduces chemotherapy-induced toxicity in gastric cancer,and Xihuang pill enhances immunotherapy via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-programmed death-ligand 1 modulation.Despite these advances,challenges remain in standardization and mechanistic validation.Future research should prioritize single-cell sequencing,organoid models,and international collaboration to refine personalized therapies and translate TCM into evidence-based oncology.By integrating empirical knowledge with modern science,molecular compatibility theory provides a robust framework for multitarget drug development and the advancement of integrative cancer therapies.
基金funded by Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department[QN2023085].
文摘Agricultural land development is a pivotal strategy for addressing the global food security crisis.Barren grassland,especially those in mountainous regions,constitutes critical areas where cultivation can substantially enhance land resources.This study highlights the necessity for a precise correlation between land development initiatives and constraints in order to optimize efficiency and enhance the effectiveness of such projects,with the core being the seamless integration of land development engineering and techniques to eliminate agricultural constraints.This study employs a systems engineering approach to classify improvement factors into mobile and fixed categories,elucidating the integration methods of constraint factors.Adhering to the Wooden Barrel Principle,these constraints were rigorously analyzed based on soil quality,land topography,water availability,and agricultural infrastructure.An innovative method of engineering type combination is proposed,which effectively explains the correlation between natural factors combination,project type combination,and target factors combination.It provides a convenient way for the selection of barren grassland development projects and lays a foundation for land planning,development project establishment,program selection,engineering design,and budget preparation.Taking Tang County of China as an example,it is divided into 19 factor improvement areas,a quick reference table of engineering types is established,and 14 main types of engineering combinations are obtained,which lays a foundation for the application of theoretical framework in practice.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172747 and 32425052)
文摘Background Early embryo development plays a pivotal role in determining pregnancy outcomes,postnatal development,and lifelong health.Therefore,the strategic selection of functional nutrients to enhance embryo development is of paramount importance.In this study,we established a stable porcine trophectoderm cell line expressing dual fluorescent reporter genes driven by the CDX2 and TEAD4 gene promoter segments using lentiviral transfection.Results Three amino acid metabolites—kynurenic acid,taurine,and tryptamine—met the minimum z-score criteria of 2.0 for both luciferase and Renilla luciferase activities and were initially identified as potential metabolites for embryo development,with their beneficial effects validated by qPCR.Given that the identified metabolites are closely related to methionine,arginine,and tryptophan,we selected these three amino acids,using lysine as a standard,and employed response surface methodology combined with our high-throughput screening cell model to efficiently screen and optimize amino acid combination conducive to early embryo development.The optimized candidate amino acid system included lysine(1.87 mmol/L),methionine(0.82 mmol/L),tryptophan(0.23 mmol/L),and arginine(3 mmol/L),with the ratio of 1:0.43:0.12:1.60.In vitro experiments confirmed that this amino acid system enhances the expression of key genes involved in early embryonic development and improves in vitro embryo adhesion.Transcriptomic analysis of blastocysts suggested that candidate amino acid system enhances early embryo development by regulating early embryonic cell cycle and differentiation,as well as improving nutrient absorption.Furthermore,based on response surface methodology,400 sows were used to verify this amino acid system,substituting arginine with the more cost-effective N-carbamoyl glutamate(NCG),a precursor of arginine.The optimal dietary amino acid requirement was predicted to be 0.71%lysine,0.32%methionine,0.22%tryptophan,and 0.10%NCG for sows during early gestation.The optimized amino acid system ratio of the feed,derived from the peripheral release of essential amino acids,was found to be 1:0.45:0.13,which is largely consistent with the results obtained from the cell model optimization.Subsequently,we furtherly verified that this optimal dietary amino acid system significantly increased total litter size,live litter size and litter weight in sows.Conclusions In summary,we successfully established a dual-fluorescent high-throughput screening cell model for the efficient identification of potential nutrients that would promote embryo development and implantation.This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of traditional amino acid nutrition studies in sows,providing a more effective model for enhancing reproductive outcomes.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42225702 and 42077235).
文摘The rapid expansion of urban development has led to the extensive construction of civil infrastructures.However,these urban development zones frequently face potential geohazards,primarily due to the lack of detailed site investigations and long-term monitoring of subsurface geological conditions.Understanding the temporal and spatial distributions of underground multi-field information is vital for successful engineering construction and effective utilization of urban underground space.In this study,a fiber optic nerve system(FONS)was utilized in the Tianfu New Area,Sichuan Province,China,to obtain comprehensive subsurface multi-physical information,including geological deformation,temperature,and surface hydrological data.The FONS incorporates three advanced fiber optic sensing techniques,i.e.fiber Bragg grating(FBG),Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry(BOTDR),and Raman optical time domain reflectometry(ROTDR).Fully-and quasi-distributed strain/temperature sensing cables have been installed in nine monitoring boreholes,covering various geological features such as plains,terraces,and areas within active fault zones.The field monitoring results confirm the feasibility of employing FONS for geological investigations within urban development zones,offering a valuable reference for future applications of this cost-effective technology in geohazard mitigation.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scien-tific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)of China(Grant No.2019QZKK0402).
文摘Ecosystems play a pivotal role in advancing Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)by providing indispensable and resilient ecosystem services(ESs).However,the limited analysis of spatiotemporal heterogeneity often re stricts the recognition of ESs’roles in attaining SDGs and landscape planning.We selected 183 counties in the Sichuan Province as the study area and mapped 10 SDGs and 7 ESs from 2000 to 2020.We used correlation analysis,principal component analysis,Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression model,and self organizing maps to reveal the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the impacts of the bundle of ESs on the SDGs and to develop spatial planning and management strategies.The results showed that(1)SDGs were improved in all counties,with SDG 1(No Poverty)and SDG 3(Good Health and Well-being)exhibiting poor performance.West ern Sichuan demonstrated stronger performance in environment-related SDGs in the Sichuan Province,while the Sichuan Basin showed better progress in socio-economic-related SDGs;(2)habitat quality,carbon sequestration,air pollution removal,and soil retention significantly influenced the development of 9 SDGs;(3)supporting,regulating,and provisioning service bundles have persistent and stable spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects on SDG1,SDG8,SDG11,SDG13,and SDG15.These findings substantiate the need for integrated management of multiple ESs and facilitate the regional achievement of SDGs in geographically intricate areas.
文摘This paper highlights the critical role of medical device design and development documents within the quality system,including their compliance with regulatory standards,their function as a traceable record,their support for all stages,and their use in risk and change management.It also covers document template creation,review record association,information management,adverse event traceability,and the reconciliation of differences in international declarations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U21A2022,No.U1901219,No.42071393,No.42101369。
文摘Ecosystem services in urban agglomerations are the environmental conditions under which human survival and development are sustained.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services and complex interactions can contribute positively to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for urban agglomerations.However,studies on the future contribution of multi-scenario ecosystem services to the SDGS are lacking.We pronovel integrated modeling framework that integrates the CLUES,InVEST,SOM,and GWR approaches to address the complex relationship between ecosystem services over a long“past-present-future”time series.We construct a novel ecosystem service bundle-based approach for measuring urban agglomerations progress towards achieving ecologically relevant sustainable development goals at multiple scales.In the future scenario,the water yield(WY),habitat quality(HQ),and soil conservation(SC)show similar spatial patterns,with comparable spatial grids,while carbon stock(CS)remains predominantly unchanged and the ecological protection scenario(EPS)improves more significantly.The high-synergy regions are mainly distributed in bundle 4,and most of the trade-off regions appear in bundles 1 and 2.Over the last 30 years,all but the water-related SDGs are declining in bundle 1 of the two urban agglomerations,which are 15%higher in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf(GBG)than in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA).From 2020 to 2035,the three scenarios demonstrate that the optimization of the SDGs progresses most effectively under the future ecological protection scenario(EPS).In particular,bundles 3 and 4 are significantly improved.This critical new knowledge can be used in sustainable ecosystem management and decision-making in urban agglomerations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51927807,52074164,42277174,42077267 and 42177130)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2020JQ23)China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Top Innovative Talent Cultivation Fund for Doctoral Students(No.BBJ2023048)。
文摘In underground engineering with complex conditions,the bolt(cable)anchorage support system is in an environment where static and dynamic stresses coexist,under the action of geological conditions such as high stresses and strong disturbances and construction conditions such as the application of high prestress.It is essential to study the support components performance under dynamic-static coupling conditions.Based on this,a multi-functional anchorage support dynamic-static coupling performance test system(MAC system)is developed,which can achieve 7 types of testing functions,including single component performance,anchored net performance,anchored rock performance and so on.The bolt and cable mechanical tests are conducted by MAC system under different prestress levels.The results showed that compared to the non-prestress condition,the impact resistance performance of prestressed bolts(cables)is significantly reduced.In the prestress range of 50–160 k N,the maximum reduction rate of impact energy resisted by different types of bolts is 53.9%–61.5%compared to non-prestress condition.In the prestress range of 150–300 k N,the impact energy resisted by high-strength cable is reduced by76.8%–84.6%compared to non-prestress condition.The MAC system achieves dynamic-static coupling performance test,which provide an effective means for the design of anchorage support system.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under the theme“Research on urban sustainable development interactive decision-making and management technologies”[Grant No.2022YFC3802904].
文摘Given the rapid development of China’s new urbanization,cities with different locations and varying functional positioning,resource endowments,and development stages have insufficient scientific and applicable technical tools for implementing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).City managers and policymakers must urgently establish SDG benchmarks to diagnose city development.Moreover,successful experiences from similar cities regarding sustainable development and self-improvement must be learned from to promote diversified,sustainable development across the country.Furthermore,emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence,the Internet of Things,big data and 5G are widely used in smart cities.Therefore,there is a growing need for“knowledge-based,personalized and intelligent”technologies to support monitoring,evaluation,and decision-making processes facilitating sustainable development in cities.This paper uses standardization as the theoretical support and technical basis.This approach can help clarify the sustainable development processes in China and clarify the evaluation results of and provide data on horizontal city comparisons,which can be used to develop evaluation technology for sustainable development in cities and construct a standardized system.The results provide a standard framework for intelligent assessment and decision-making regarding cities’sustainable development capabilities in China.Evaluating major international standardization institutions reveals that the practices of Chinese national standards should be fully absorbed and integrated to guide the evaluation of smart,resilient,and low-carbon cities.To this end,an indicator library of city sustainable development is proposed to provide standard evaluation technology methods.Finally,analyzing the response relationship of the indicator library to SDGs reveals the need for a standardized knowledge map of sustainable development assessment techniques and methods from the perspective of integrated management for sustainable development in cities.
文摘This paper provides an overview of conventional geothermal systems and unconventional geothermal developments as a common reference is needed for discussions between energy professionals. Conventional geothermal systems have the heat, permeability and fluid, requiring only drilling down to °C, normal heat flow or decaying radiogenic granite as heat sources, and used in district heating. Medium-temperature (MT) 100°C - 190°C, and high-temperature (HT) 190°C - 374°C resources are mostly at plate boundaries, with volcanic intrusive heat source, used mostly for electricity generation. Single well capacities are °C - 500°C) and a range of depths (1 m to 20 Km), but lack permeability or fluid, thus requiring stimulations for heat extraction by conduction. HVAC is 1 - 2 m deep and shallow geothermal down to 500 m in wells, both capturing °C, with °C are either advanced by geothermal developers at <7 Km depth (Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), drilling below brittle-ductile transition zones and under geothermal fields), or by the Oil & Gas industry (Advanced Geothermal Systems, heat recovery from hydrocarbon wells or reservoirs, Superhot Rock Geothermal, and millimeter-wave drilling down to 20 Km). Their primary aim is electricity generation, relying on closed-loops, but EGS uses fractures for heat exchange with earthquake risks during fracking. Unconventional approaches could be everywhere, with shallow geothermal already functional. The deeper and hotter unconventional alternatives are still experimental, overcoming costs and technological challenges to become fully commercial. Meanwhile, the conventional geothermal resources remain the most proven opportunities for investments and development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81901156(to ZZ),82271200(to ZZ),82171308(to XC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.xzy012022035(to ZZ)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,Nos.2021JM-261(to QK),2023-YBSF-303(to ZZ)Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Shaanxi Province,No.2019-ZZ-JC047(to QK)。
文摘The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.
