To overcome the limitations of traditional photocatalysts,such as inefficient separation of charge carriers and poor visible-light absorption,S-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) heterojunction photocatalysts were synthesize...To overcome the limitations of traditional photocatalysts,such as inefficient separation of charge carriers and poor visible-light absorption,S-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) heterojunction photocatalysts were synthesized via a combined method of thermal polymerization,hydrothermal synthesis,and calcination.The crystal structures,morphological features,and optical properties of the composites were systematically characterized,and their photocatalytic performance was evaluated through tetracycline(TC)degradation and hydrogen evolution experiments.Trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)measurements were conducted to elucidate the reaction mechanisms.The results demonstrate that the S-scheme heterojunction effectively extends the visible-light absorption range and facilitates the efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.Under optimal conditions,the composite achieved a TC degradation rate of 94.5%and a hydrogen evolution rate of 329.1μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1) after 8 h of irradiation,both values being significantly higher than those of pristine g-C_(3)N_(4) or TiO_(2).Moreover,the S-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) heterojunction retained high photocatalytic activity over five consecutive cycles,confirming its excellent stability.Mechanistic investigations revealed that the S-scheme heterojunction maintained strong redox capacities,with superoxide radicals(·O_(2)^(-)),hydroxyl radicals(·OH),electrons(e-),and holes(h+)serving as the primary active species responsible for TC degradation and H2 production.展开更多
通过X射线衍射图谱分析结合灰熔融性测定,研究了准东煤燃烧过程中的矿物质赋存形态变化及添加NH4H2PO4对准东煤灰分特征和灰熔融特性的影响。试验结果表明,空气气氛下,随着准东煤燃烧温度从800℃升高至1100℃,灰中钠长石、钙铁辉石和蓝...通过X射线衍射图谱分析结合灰熔融性测定,研究了准东煤燃烧过程中的矿物质赋存形态变化及添加NH4H2PO4对准东煤灰分特征和灰熔融特性的影响。试验结果表明,空气气氛下,随着准东煤燃烧温度从800℃升高至1100℃,灰中钠长石、钙铁辉石和蓝方石等熔点较低且熔融性较强矿物质含量升高,灰中主要矿物质皆为助熔性矿物质。煤中添加比例PO4^（3-）/Na≥0.5、温度800℃以上,混煤灰中生成新的Ca（2.71）Mg（0.29）（PO4）2、 Al PO4、 Ca3（PO4）2、Ca9Fe（PO4）7、Ca9Al（PO4）7、Ca2P2O7和Mg2P2O7等高熔点物质。当PO4^（3-）/Na〉 1时,混煤灰熔融性温度明显升高,软化温度由1144℃增加至1418℃（PO4^（3-）/Na=4）,煤改善为中等结渣倾向。可见添加NH4H2PO4能够有效抑制低熔点、助熔性含钠矿物生成,促进高熔点物质形成,提高灰熔融特性温度。展开更多
文摘To overcome the limitations of traditional photocatalysts,such as inefficient separation of charge carriers and poor visible-light absorption,S-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) heterojunction photocatalysts were synthesized via a combined method of thermal polymerization,hydrothermal synthesis,and calcination.The crystal structures,morphological features,and optical properties of the composites were systematically characterized,and their photocatalytic performance was evaluated through tetracycline(TC)degradation and hydrogen evolution experiments.Trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)measurements were conducted to elucidate the reaction mechanisms.The results demonstrate that the S-scheme heterojunction effectively extends the visible-light absorption range and facilitates the efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.Under optimal conditions,the composite achieved a TC degradation rate of 94.5%and a hydrogen evolution rate of 329.1μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1) after 8 h of irradiation,both values being significantly higher than those of pristine g-C_(3)N_(4) or TiO_(2).Moreover,the S-scheme g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) heterojunction retained high photocatalytic activity over five consecutive cycles,confirming its excellent stability.Mechanistic investigations revealed that the S-scheme heterojunction maintained strong redox capacities,with superoxide radicals(·O_(2)^(-)),hydroxyl radicals(·OH),electrons(e-),and holes(h+)serving as the primary active species responsible for TC degradation and H2 production.
文摘通过X射线衍射图谱分析结合灰熔融性测定,研究了准东煤燃烧过程中的矿物质赋存形态变化及添加NH4H2PO4对准东煤灰分特征和灰熔融特性的影响。试验结果表明,空气气氛下,随着准东煤燃烧温度从800℃升高至1100℃,灰中钠长石、钙铁辉石和蓝方石等熔点较低且熔融性较强矿物质含量升高,灰中主要矿物质皆为助熔性矿物质。煤中添加比例PO4^（3-）/Na≥0.5、温度800℃以上,混煤灰中生成新的Ca（2.71）Mg（0.29）（PO4）2、 Al PO4、 Ca3（PO4）2、Ca9Fe（PO4）7、Ca9Al（PO4）7、Ca2P2O7和Mg2P2O7等高熔点物质。当PO4^（3-）/Na〉 1时,混煤灰熔融性温度明显升高,软化温度由1144℃增加至1418℃（PO4^（3-）/Na=4）,煤改善为中等结渣倾向。可见添加NH4H2PO4能够有效抑制低熔点、助熔性含钠矿物生成,促进高熔点物质形成,提高灰熔融特性温度。
