目的通过系统评价和Meta分析方法,比较聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)与重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimu...目的通过系统评价和Meta分析方法,比较聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)与重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,rhG-CSF)在预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症中的疗效与安全性差异,为临床合理用药提供循证医学依据。方法本研究采用系统性文献检索策略,全面检索Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,收集从建库至2024年8月17日发表的关于PEG-rhG-CSF与rhG-CSF预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症的随机对照试验。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及方法学质量评价,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入研究进行质量评估。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析,二分类变量采用风险比及其95%CI表示效应量,连续性变量采用均数差(MD)及其95%CI表示。研究间异质性采用I²统计量进行评估,I²>50%时采用随机效应模型,否则采用固定效应模型。结果共纳入28项随机对照临床试验,涉及2879例恶性肿瘤患者。根据Meta分析结果表明,PEG-rhG-CSF组在减少Ⅲ/Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少持续时间方面优于rhG-CSF组(P<0.05)。不良反应事件发生率与rhG-CSF组差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与rhG-CSF相比,PEG-rhG-CSF可显著缩短恶性肿瘤患者化疗后重度(Ⅲ/Ⅳ度)中性粒细胞减少的持续时间。基于现有循证医学证据,建议在恶性肿瘤化疗患者中优先选用PEG-rhG-CSF进行中性粒细胞减少症的预防,以降低感染风险,保障化疗周期顺利进行并改善患者预后。展开更多
The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber ris...The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber risks. Although comprehensive, the complexity of the NIST CSF can be overwhelming, especially for those lacking extensive cybersecurity resources. Current implementation tools often cater to larger companies, neglecting the specific needs of SMEs, which can be vulnerable to cyber threats. To address this gap, our research proposes a user-friendly, open-source web platform designed to simplify the implementation of the NIST CSF. This platform enables organizations to assess their risk exposure and continuously monitor their cybersecurity maturity through tailored recommendations based on their unique profiles. Our methodology includes a literature review of existing tools and standards, followed by a description of the platform’s design and architecture. Initial tests with SMEs in Burkina Faso reveal a concerning cybersecurity maturity level, indicating the urgent need for improved strategies based on our findings. By offering an intuitive interface and cross-platform accessibility, this solution aims to empower organizations to enhance their cybersecurity resilience in an evolving threat landscape. The article concludes with discussions on the practical implications and future enhancements of the tool.展开更多
文摘目的通过系统评价和Meta分析方法,比较聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)与重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,rhG-CSF)在预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症中的疗效与安全性差异,为临床合理用药提供循证医学依据。方法本研究采用系统性文献检索策略,全面检索Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,收集从建库至2024年8月17日发表的关于PEG-rhG-CSF与rhG-CSF预防恶性肿瘤化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症的随机对照试验。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取及方法学质量评价,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入研究进行质量评估。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析,二分类变量采用风险比及其95%CI表示效应量,连续性变量采用均数差(MD)及其95%CI表示。研究间异质性采用I²统计量进行评估,I²>50%时采用随机效应模型,否则采用固定效应模型。结果共纳入28项随机对照临床试验,涉及2879例恶性肿瘤患者。根据Meta分析结果表明,PEG-rhG-CSF组在减少Ⅲ/Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少持续时间方面优于rhG-CSF组(P<0.05)。不良反应事件发生率与rhG-CSF组差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与rhG-CSF相比,PEG-rhG-CSF可显著缩短恶性肿瘤患者化疗后重度(Ⅲ/Ⅳ度)中性粒细胞减少的持续时间。基于现有循证医学证据,建议在恶性肿瘤化疗患者中优先选用PEG-rhG-CSF进行中性粒细胞减少症的预防,以降低感染风险,保障化疗周期顺利进行并改善患者预后。
文摘The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber risks. Although comprehensive, the complexity of the NIST CSF can be overwhelming, especially for those lacking extensive cybersecurity resources. Current implementation tools often cater to larger companies, neglecting the specific needs of SMEs, which can be vulnerable to cyber threats. To address this gap, our research proposes a user-friendly, open-source web platform designed to simplify the implementation of the NIST CSF. This platform enables organizations to assess their risk exposure and continuously monitor their cybersecurity maturity through tailored recommendations based on their unique profiles. Our methodology includes a literature review of existing tools and standards, followed by a description of the platform’s design and architecture. Initial tests with SMEs in Burkina Faso reveal a concerning cybersecurity maturity level, indicating the urgent need for improved strategies based on our findings. By offering an intuitive interface and cross-platform accessibility, this solution aims to empower organizations to enhance their cybersecurity resilience in an evolving threat landscape. The article concludes with discussions on the practical implications and future enhancements of the tool.
