It is our great pleasure to announce the awardees of 2024 Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)in nanomaterial self-assembly.Nano Research initiated the NR45 program in 2018 to recognize outstanding young researchers u...It is our great pleasure to announce the awardees of 2024 Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)in nanomaterial self-assembly.Nano Research initiated the NR45 program in 2018 to recognize outstanding young researchers under 45 years of age across diverse fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.This initiative celebrates their exceptional achievements and potential to advance their respective disciplines through groundbreaking contributions.Awardees are selected via a rigorous competitive process by an award committee comprising members of the journal’s editorial board.The 2024 NR45 Awards focus on nanomaterial self-assembly,honoring 24 innovators for their transformative contributions to this dynamic field.This special issue features 12 review articles and 12 research papers from these distinguished awardees.展开更多
Erratum to:Nano Research,2023,16(5):7075-7084,https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5264-8.The article Research on GGT-responsive drug carrier with active transport effect,written by Han Yan et al.,was erroneously origin...Erratum to:Nano Research,2023,16(5):7075-7084,https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5264-8.The article Research on GGT-responsive drug carrier with active transport effect,written by Han Yan et al.,was erroneously originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal(currently SpringerLink)on 3 January 2023 with Fig.8.展开更多
Advanced aerogel fibers possess numerousadvantages amalgamating the attributes of aerogels and fibermaterials, rendering them invaluable in the realm of thermalmanagement and regulation. However, the achievement ofrob...Advanced aerogel fibers possess numerousadvantages amalgamating the attributes of aerogels and fibermaterials, rendering them invaluable in the realm of thermalmanagement and regulation. However, the achievement ofrobust mechanical properties and increased temperaturestability is still a major challenge for the majority of aerogelfibers. Herein, SiO_(2)-Kevlar hybrid aerogel fibers with bioniccore-shell structure were prepared by reaction spinning andweaved into fabric. Kevlar nanowires dispersion is pumpedinto a bath comprising a self-synthesized silica sol, whichfacilitates the hybridization of biphasic aerogels through thegel reaction. Precise control over the diameter (200-800 μm)and structure of the wet gel fibers was achieved throughmeticulous adjustment of the spinning solution composition and spinning parameters. Subsequent freeze-drying processfacilitates the formation of a core-shell hybrid structure, in which the SiO_(2) aerogel layer effectively encapsulate the Kevlaraerogel core fiber. Taking full advantage of the mechanical properties of the Kevlar core fiber, the resulting SiO_(2)-Kevlaraerogel fibers exhibit commendable weaving characteristics (51.8 MPa). Furthermore, SiO_(2)-Kevlar aerogel fabrics exhibitenhanced thermal insulation characteristics with a thermal conductivity of 0.037 W/(m·K). As a result of the presence ofexternal SiO_(2) aerogel layer, the overall temperature resistance performance of the SiO_(2)-Kevlar fabric reach up to 700 ℃.展开更多
The development of high-performance atomiccatalysts for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is atime-consuming process due to the complexity of the reactionmechanism and the uncertainty of the active site.H...The development of high-performance atomiccatalysts for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is atime-consuming process due to the complexity of the reactionmechanism and the uncertainty of the active site.Herein,wehave proposed combining density functional theory(DFT)andmachine learning(ML)to investigate the potential of topologicalgraphene-based dual-atom catalysts(DACs)as CO_(2)RRelectrocatalysts.By analyzing the ML results,we identify thenumber of d-orbital electrons in the active site as a key factorinfluencing the CO_(2)RR catalytic activity.Additionally,wepropose a simple descriptor to measure the CO_(2)RR activity ofthese DACs.Our findings provide plausible explanations for thesynergistic interactions between bimetallic atoms in CO_(2)RR andallow us to screen the homogeneous Ni-Ni pair as the mostpromising dual-atom catalysts.This work offers a fast MLapproach based on limited DFT calculations to predict the mostelectroactive and stable DACs on carbon support for CO_(2)RR,facilitating rapid screening of high-performance dual-atomcatalysts.展开更多
The constituents and geometric design of cathodic electrocatalyst to achieve high activity and durability are effective but challenging for the development of high-performance Li-O_(2)batteries.This study employs a mi...The constituents and geometric design of cathodic electrocatalyst to achieve high activity and durability are effective but challenging for the development of high-performance Li-O_(2)batteries.This study employs a mild solution precipitation method followed by thermolysis to construct a faveolate open-structured Ru-N/C matrix with a loosely braided network morphology as a bifunctional cathode.The details prove that this hybrid structure is composed of ultrafine Ru globular nanoparticles(ca.2 nm)coated with an N-enriched carbon film and exhibits a valuable beehive through-hole character for rapid mass transport during oxygen redox catalysis.The synergistic effect of open-structured and reticular network matrix with metal-N4 coordination induces asymmetric charge distributions with moderate adsorption/desorption behaviour with oxygen intermediates.Consequently,this particular Ru-N/C matrix cathode provides a promising Li_(2)O_(2)accommodation space and exhibits superior electrochemical performance in terms of a positive discharge plateau and low charge overpotential.Besides,the assembled batteries also present a high discharge capacity and a long cycle life(exceeding 283 cycles).The density functional theory(DFT)calculations also corroborate the assertion that the Ru-N/C catalyst exhibits robust electronic coupling transfer and superior bifunctional activity.As such,our work demonstrates that this type of open-structured Ru-N/C matrix is promising for fabricating high-performance quasi solid-state Li-O_(2)batteries.展开更多
Photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation is a promising route to produce methanol as a sustainable liquid solar fuel.However,most existing catalysts require a combination of solar irradiation and additional heat input to ach...Photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation is a promising route to produce methanol as a sustainable liquid solar fuel.However,most existing catalysts require a combination of solar irradiation and additional heat input to achieve a satisfactory reaction rate.For the few that can be driven solely by light,their reaction rates are one order of magnitude lower.We develop a photothermal catalyst with multilevel interfaces that achieves improvedmethanol production from photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation without external heat.The catalyst features a layered structure comprising Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3)(CZA)covered by oxidized carbon black(oCB),where the oCB/CZA interface promotes efficient heat generation and transfer,and the Cu/oxide interface contributes to high catalytic activity.Under a mild pressure of 8 bar,our oCB/CZA catalyst shows a methanol selectivity of 64.7%with a superior production rate of 4.91 mmol-geza-1-h-1,at least one order of magnitude higher than other photothermal catalysts solely driven by light.This work demonstrates a photothermal catalyst design strategy for liquid solar fuel production.展开更多
Recent studies support that magnetic chiral nanozymes,integrating the features of chirality,magnetism,and enzyme-like catalysis,provide new insights into the synthetic methodologies and applications of chiral nanozyme...Recent studies support that magnetic chiral nanozymes,integrating the features of chirality,magnetism,and enzyme-like catalysis,provide new insights into the synthetic methodologies and applications of chiral nanozymes.In this study,we present the design of novel magnetic chiral cobalt superstructures(CoSSs)synthesized by the regulation of complex formation kinetics of Co3+with chiral ligands(L-or D-tartaric acid)under varying metal-to-ligand molar ratios and solvent polarity.This approach yielded a series of CoSSs with varying symmetry from high to low.The chiral CoSSs exhibited chirality-dependent peroxidase(POD)-like activity,demonstrating a high affinity of L-CoSSs towards substrates,with a chiral selective factor of approximately 1.37.In addition,the magneto-optical effects of the chiral CoSSs significantly enhanced their chiroptical performance from ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)to near-infrared region.Under a magnetic field,the affinity of chiral CoSSs for substrates increases,while the chiral selective factor was modified to 0.76.This research on magnetic chiral CoSSs nanozymes opens promising new avenues for the application of artificial enzymes in fields,such as antibacterial technology,drug delivery,and biocatalysis.展开更多
Heteroatom doping has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance the performance of electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Traditional doping methods often involve har...Heteroatom doping has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance the performance of electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Traditional doping methods often involve harsh chemical treatments and tedious procedures,hindering their widespread applications.Furthermore,although dynamic surface reconstruction in alkaline media is commonly observed in bimetallic compounds,strategies to regulatethis reconstruction behavior for enhanced HER and OER performances remain inadequately explored.Herein,we report an ultrafast(≤300 s)and mild electrochemical doping approach to fabricate Se-doped NiCo_(2)S_(4) hollow nanoarrays on carbon fiber papers(a-NiCo_(2)(S_(1-x)Se_(x))_(4)),investigating the role of Se in enhancing overall water splitting performance.Under HER conditions,a-NiCo_(2)(S_(1-x)Se_(x))_(4) demonstrates remarkable stability,with Se tuning the electronic structure to optimize intermediate adsorption and facilitate H_(2)O dissociation.While under OER conditions,Se doping lowers the energy barrier for reconstruction and promotes transformation into active Se,S co-doped Ni_(0.33)Co_(0.67)OOH nanosheets.The optimal samples exhibit superior HER and OER activity,requiring a cell voltage of 1.578 V to deliver a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2) for overall water spltting.This work not only introduces a facile method for Se doping but also provides comprehensive insights into the structure-composition-activity relationship for Se-doped bimetallic sulfide.展开更多
Heterostructured magnetic composites with exchange coupling effects are considered to be promising electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbers.In this work,tailored heterostructures of soft magnetic ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and hard magne...Heterostructured magnetic composites with exchange coupling effects are considered to be promising electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbers.In this work,tailored heterostructures of soft magnetic ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and hard magnetic Fe_(3)C are generated and tightly anchored on two-dimensional(2D)carbon nanosheets,by in-situ blowing and carbonization process of gel precursor.Nanosized soft/hard magnetic phases generate large number of heterogeneous interfaces.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations confirm the exchange coupling effect that results from the dynamic charges reconstruction of soft/hard magnetic heterogeneous interface.The synthesized Fe_(3)C/ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/C(FZC)shows wide effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 4.56 GHz and RL_(min)value of−65.6 dB.By layer-to-layer stacking of 2D FZC and reduced graphene oxide(rGO),the obtained flexible rGO/FZC-1 film can effectively shield 5G signals.Importantly,both the 2D morphology and abundant heterostructures restrain the diffusion of saline ions inside the FZC coatings and enhance the“maze effect”,finally improving the corrosion resistance in marine environment.This work provides advanced nanostructure integrating 2D morphology and soft/hard magnetic heterostructure with effective exchange coupling,which can simultaneously achieve the EMW stealth and high corrosion resistance.展开更多
Exosomes are important cancer biomarkers,however,the accuracy of exosome detection is greatly reduced due to heterogeneity of each exosome.Detecting exosomes with a larger field-of-view(FOV)might be a good solution.Co...Exosomes are important cancer biomarkers,however,the accuracy of exosome detection is greatly reduced due to heterogeneity of each exosome.Detecting exosomes with a larger field-of-view(FOV)might be a good solution.Compound eyes offer unique advantages such as a large field of view,low aberration,and high temporal resolution.Bionic compound eyes aim to replicate such features and have broad applications in fields like machine vision and medical imaging.In this paper,we propose the fabrication and application of a bionic compound eye for quantitative detection of exosomes,which allows fluorescence imaging of exosomes with an enlarged FOV,achieving a detection limit as low as 9.1×10^(2)particles/mL.The bionic compound eye is formed by simply replicating a fly eye with polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).To detect exosomes,a microfluidic array chip compatible with the compound eye is designed.Exosomes are captured on the chip using CD63 aptamers as the capturing probes.Another kind of fluorescent aptamers are utilized to recognize the captured exosomes.Large FOV dual-color fluorescence(LFDF)imaging of these exosomes is realized by inserting the compound eye between the objective and microfluidic chip.The advantages of LFDF imaging include,first,dual-color fluorescence imaging can guarantee that we are indeed imaging exosomes;second,large FOV can reduce the impact of heterogeneity of exosomes.Thus,the reliability of assay results would be greatly improved.As a proof-of-concept,breast cancer exosomes were used as the example.The experimental results showed that,compared to imaging without the compound eye,the standard deviation of LFDF imaging results decreased by approximately 38%.Thus,the detection errors could be greatly reduced.The feasibility of using LFDF imaging for subtype classification of breast cancer exosomes was also preliminarily validated.This technology offers a new,low-cost,and highly accurate solution for exosome based cancer diagnosis.展开更多
Flexible strain sensors have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in advanced flexible electronics and wearable technologies.However,achieving stable signal transmission at high temperatures...Flexible strain sensors have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in advanced flexible electronics and wearable technologies.However,achieving stable signal transmission at high temperatures remains a major challenge.In this study,we developed a novel polyimide(PI)aerogel composite,reinforced with intrinsically short-cut polyimide nanofibers(PINF)that are surface-coated with silver nanoparticles to enhance both conductivity and mechanical strength.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are used as the main filler in synergistic effect with Ag@PINF particles to further improve the conductivity and sensing performance of the composite material.This synergistic design results in a flexible PI aerogel composite material with rapid response time(116 ms),high sensitivity(GF=3.12),and long-term cycling stability(>1000 cycles).Additionally,the sensing materials were tested at high temperatures and after high-temperature aging,demonstrating good flexible sensing performance.Experimental results demonstrate that the composite sensor maintains stable strain-sensing performance across a range of environmental temperatures,showing consistent strain response under the same deformation conditions.This work provides a promising approach for fabricating high-performance,temperature-resistant flexible strain sensors,with broad applications in flexible electronics and wearable technologies.展开更多
Life systems are complex systems,and the self-assembly behaviour represents the transition from disorder to order and serves as a concrete indicator and starting point for understanding complex systems.Super-self-asse...Life systems are complex systems,and the self-assembly behaviour represents the transition from disorder to order and serves as a concrete indicator and starting point for understanding complex systems.Super-self-assembly behaviour was observed in the decoctions of various natural herbs,and this behaviour was characterized by multistep and multilevel assembly processes.The super-self-assemblies were multilevel particles resulting from inorganic-organic assembly,specifically observed ascomposite spheres,cubes,and tetragonal bipyramids.The preparation process was environmentally friendly and safe,and the resulting super-self-assemblies were regular in shape and rich in variety;this process has numerous possibilities for development and application in medicine and materials research.展开更多
Separators play a critical role in lithium-ion batteries.However,the restrictions of thermal stability and inferior electrical performance in commercial polyolefin separators significantly limit their applications und...Separators play a critical role in lithium-ion batteries.However,the restrictions of thermal stability and inferior electrical performance in commercial polyolefin separators significantly limit their applications under harsh conditions.Here,we report a cellulose-assisted self-assembly strategy to construct a cellulose-based separator massively and continuously.With an ultrahigh ionic conductivity in electrolytes of 3.7 mS·cm^(-1) and the ability to regulate ion transport,the obtained separator is a promising alternative for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.In addition,integrated with high thermal stability,the cellulose-based separator endows batteries with high safety at high temperatures,greatly expanding the application scenarios of energy storage devices in extreme environments.展开更多
Water wave energy exhibits great potential toalleviate the global energy crisis. However, harvesting andutilizing wave energy are challenging due to its irregularity,randomness, and low frequency. Triboelectric nanoge...Water wave energy exhibits great potential toalleviate the global energy crisis. However, harvesting andutilizing wave energy are challenging due to its irregularity,randomness, and low frequency. Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs) have gained significant attention for harvesting waveenergy with high efficiency. This study presents a novelellipsoidal, pendulum-like TENG integrating both liquid-liquid(L-L) and solid-solid (S-S) triboelectricity (LS-TENG). Thisinnovative design enables continuous wave energy harvestingand self-powered marine environment monitoring under variousconditions, including temperature, humidity, and light intensity. The binary immiscible liquids within the LS-TENG’s innersoft balloon create dynamic, and self-adjustable L-L contact interfaces, significantly increasing the L-L contact area andenhancing L-L contact electrification (CE). The unique self-adaptive, soft S-S contact increases the S-S contact areacompared to traditional hard point contact, better adapting to the irregular movements of waves and promoting efficient S-SCE. The LS-TENG achieves highly efficient wave energy harvesting by coupling L-L and S-S CE. Furthermore, the uniquesoft contact design protects the S-S interfaces from mechanical wear and damage during long-term work. The LS-TENG’snovel structure provides an innovative and effective way for water wave energy harvesting.展开更多
Diabetes,a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder,often leads to severe complications.Currently,existing treatment methods may pose life-threatening risks due to poor patient compliance and inaccurate dosing of subcutan...Diabetes,a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder,often leads to severe complications.Currently,existing treatment methods may pose life-threatening risks due to poor patient compliance and inaccurate dosing of subcutaneous insulin injections.Hence,a biomimetic red blood cell(RBC)membrane-coated glucose-responsive nanoplatform is developed for controlling insulin release.Functionalizing nanoplatforms with RBC membrane can prolong the half-life of nano-formulation in vivo mediated by the biomimetic immune escape.Simultaneously,the cascade catalytic effect of glucose oxidase(GOx)encapsulated in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and hemoglobin(Hb)in the RBC membrane are able to not only facilitate glucose-responsive insulin release,but also eliminate the detrimental by-product hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))resulting from the Hb mediated H_(2)O_(2)scavenging.Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the favorable glucose-responsive performances of this advanced nano-platform with a single intravenous injection maintaining blood glucose balance in Type 1 Diabetes(T1D)mice for an extended duration without the hypoglycemia risk.Therefore,this biomimetic insulin delivery system is poised to function as a strategy for the intravenous insulin administration,offering a promising drug candidate for the self-adaptive long-term T1D treatment.展开更多
Due to the advantages of low cost and good stability,iron-chromium flow batteries(ICRFBs)have been widely used in energy storage development.However,issues such as poor Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+)activity still need to be address...Due to the advantages of low cost and good stability,iron-chromium flow batteries(ICRFBs)have been widely used in energy storage development.However,issues such as poor Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+)activity still need to be addressed urgently.To improve the slow reaction kinetics of the Cr redox pairs,we propose a method of preparing nano bismuth catalyst modified carbon cloth electrode(TBCC)based on intrinsic defect assisted catalyst attachment.By utilizing the carbon thermal reaction to firmly adhere the bismuth catalyst to the electrode surface,the electrochemical performance and reaction kinetics of the TBCC electrode are significantly improved.It proved that the polarization of the battery assembled with the modified electrode was reduced,and the energy efficiency was significantly improved compared to the original carbon cloth electrode.Charging and discharging tests were conducted at a high current density of 140 mA/cm^(2),achieving average energy efficiency of up to 82.9%,and even achieving ultra-high energy efficiency of 88.95%at the current density of 80 mA/cm^(2).This provides broad prospects for the commercialization of ICRFBs.展开更多
Plasmon-enhanced electrocatalysis(PEEC)is an emerging approach to mitigate CO_(2)emissions.The mechanisms behind CO_(2)adsorption and reduction at the catalyst-electrolyte interface in PEEC still need to be further ex...Plasmon-enhanced electrocatalysis(PEEC)is an emerging approach to mitigate CO_(2)emissions.The mechanisms behind CO_(2)adsorption and reduction at the catalyst-electrolyte interface in PEEC still need to be further explored.Herein,we employ a well-defined Ag nanostructure to elucidate these pivotal issues.By shining light with wavelengths of 625,525,405 nm on Ag,an adjustable CO/H_(2)ratio from 35 to 1 can be obtained.The reaction pathway changing under plasmonic excitation does not originate from the lowered CO_(2)mass transfer in the vicinity of Ag,as the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results unravel that a slightly elevated temperature in bulk electrolyte caused by light irradiation cannot weaken the CO_(2)adsorption at the Ag catalyst-electrolyte interface.Theoretical calculations reveal that optical excitation towards shorter wavelengths leads to a progressive lowered energy barrier for H_(2)formation together with an enhanced energy barrier for^(*)COOH formation.Although thermodynamically suppressed,CO_(2)reduction can still be improved kinetically by optimizing the excitation wavelength and intensity,being accompanied with the enhanced photocurrent.Transient absorption spectroscopy results further correlate the higher photocurrent with a prolonged electron-phonon coupling time,verifying that the improvement of CO_(2)reduction kinetics in PEEC can be realized by hot electron harnessing.展开更多
The effect of crystallinity degree of MoSe_(2) on the potassium ions storage performance in potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)has been largely overlooked in the energy communities.In this study,we experimentally realize Mo...The effect of crystallinity degree of MoSe_(2) on the potassium ions storage performance in potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)has been largely overlooked in the energy communities.In this study,we experimentally realize MoSe_(2) grown on graphene nanoribbons(MoSe_(2)-GNR)with tunable crystallinity by tailoring the thermal annealing temperature,and further investigate the effect of crystallinity degree in MoSe_(2)-GNR on the potassium ions storage performance.The spectral,electrochemical,and microscopy experiments indicate that high-temperature thermal annealing results in a high crystallinity degree of MoSe_(2)-GNR with decreased interlayer spacing of(002).The MoSe_(2)-GNR with high crystallinity degree exhibits a high capacity,but suffers from reduced cycling stability.What is more,the in-situ X-ray powder diffractometer(in-situ XRD)and in-situ Raman experiments reveal the phase transition in MoSe_(2) triggered by potassium ions insertion/extraction during the potassium ions storage.The work sheds light on the development of MoSe_(2)-based anode materials for PIBs.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion devices are considered promising candidates for energy storage due to their high safety,low cost and relatively high energy density.However,the dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and corr...Aqueous zinc-ion devices are considered promising candidates for energy storage due to their high safety,low cost and relatively high energy density.However,the dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and corrosion of the zinc anode significantly limit the development of Zn-ion devices.Here,an inexpensive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)protective layer was constructed in situ on the Zn surface using electropolymerization to suppress dendrite growth and side reactions,thereby enhancing the reversibility of Zn.Experimental and theoretical calculations revealed that this hydrophilic protective layer promotes the desolvation process of hydrated Zn^(2+)and facilitates the transport of zinc ions,thus improving the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of Zn^(2+)deposition and inhibiting interfacial side reactions.Consequently,the optimized PEDOT@Zn symmetric battery exhibited a cycling stability exceeding 1250 h at 0.5 mA·cm^(-2)and 0.25 mAh·cm^(-2),with a significantly reduced overpotential(from 91.8 to 35 mV).With the assistance of the PEDOT protective layer,the PEDOT@Zn//Cu battery maintained approximately 99.5%Coulombic efficiency after 450 cycles.Ex-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and in situ optical microscopy characterizations further confirmed that the PEDOT protective layer can effectively suppress the growth of zinc dendrites.Additionally,the Zn-ion capacitors assembled by the PEDOT@Zn and activated carbon also demonstrated outstanding cycling stability.展开更多
Facing the growing global challenge posed by cancer,the quest for more accurate and potent cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies continues to require a multidisciplinary integration approach.This review firstly...Facing the growing global challenge posed by cancer,the quest for more accurate and potent cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies continues to require a multidisciplinary integration approach.This review firstly summarizes various types of nanoparticles in cancer research.Subsequently,it offers a comprehensive overview of signalenhancing techniques for visualizing in situ tumors,along with multimodal diagnostic methods for detecting metastases.As for tumor therapy,cutting-edge drug delivery methods that can cross biological barriers and the pinpoint targeting of tumor lesions for precise medical intervention are introduced.Within the domain of therapeutic diagnostics,we elucidate the theoretical underpinnings and structural paradigms that underlie a spectrum of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.Additionally,we present a compendium of publications delineating the clinical applications of each nano-based theragnostic integration platform.Finally,this comprehensive review discusses the safety concerns pertaining to the clinical application of nanoparticles and proposes some strategic recommendations to enhance the precision and safety of theragnostic-guided,nanotechnology-based clinical practices.A deeper understanding of nanomaterials,together with intimate interdisciplinary collaborations,nano-wave will most probably guide human beings to win the battle against cancers.展开更多
文摘It is our great pleasure to announce the awardees of 2024 Nano Research Young Innovators(NR45)in nanomaterial self-assembly.Nano Research initiated the NR45 program in 2018 to recognize outstanding young researchers under 45 years of age across diverse fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.This initiative celebrates their exceptional achievements and potential to advance their respective disciplines through groundbreaking contributions.Awardees are selected via a rigorous competitive process by an award committee comprising members of the journal’s editorial board.The 2024 NR45 Awards focus on nanomaterial self-assembly,honoring 24 innovators for their transformative contributions to this dynamic field.This special issue features 12 review articles and 12 research papers from these distinguished awardees.
文摘Erratum to:Nano Research,2023,16(5):7075-7084,https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-5264-8.The article Research on GGT-responsive drug carrier with active transport effect,written by Han Yan et al.,was erroneously originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal(currently SpringerLink)on 3 January 2023 with Fig.8.
基金supported by the school of Textile Science and Engineering,the State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology,Wuhan Textile University。
文摘Advanced aerogel fibers possess numerousadvantages amalgamating the attributes of aerogels and fibermaterials, rendering them invaluable in the realm of thermalmanagement and regulation. However, the achievement ofrobust mechanical properties and increased temperaturestability is still a major challenge for the majority of aerogelfibers. Herein, SiO_(2)-Kevlar hybrid aerogel fibers with bioniccore-shell structure were prepared by reaction spinning andweaved into fabric. Kevlar nanowires dispersion is pumpedinto a bath comprising a self-synthesized silica sol, whichfacilitates the hybridization of biphasic aerogels through thegel reaction. Precise control over the diameter (200-800 μm)and structure of the wet gel fibers was achieved throughmeticulous adjustment of the spinning solution composition and spinning parameters. Subsequent freeze-drying processfacilitates the formation of a core-shell hybrid structure, in which the SiO_(2) aerogel layer effectively encapsulate the Kevlaraerogel core fiber. Taking full advantage of the mechanical properties of the Kevlar core fiber, the resulting SiO_(2)-Kevlaraerogel fibers exhibit commendable weaving characteristics (51.8 MPa). Furthermore, SiO_(2)-Kevlar aerogel fabrics exhibitenhanced thermal insulation characteristics with a thermal conductivity of 0.037 W/(m·K). As a result of the presence ofexternal SiO_(2) aerogel layer, the overall temperature resistance performance of the SiO_(2)-Kevlar fabric reach up to 700 ℃.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12034002,22279044,and 22202080)the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(No.20210301009GX)+5 种基金Research Grant Council of Hong Kong(No.15304023)National Natural Science Foundation of China/Research Grant Council of Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme(No.N_PolyU502/21)National Natural Science Foundation of China/Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Collaborative Research Scheme(No.CRS_PolyU504/22)the funding for Projects of Strategic Importance of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Project Code:1-ZE2V)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Scheme-General Program(No.JCYJ20220531090807017)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2023A1515012219).
文摘The development of high-performance atomiccatalysts for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is atime-consuming process due to the complexity of the reactionmechanism and the uncertainty of the active site.Herein,wehave proposed combining density functional theory(DFT)andmachine learning(ML)to investigate the potential of topologicalgraphene-based dual-atom catalysts(DACs)as CO_(2)RRelectrocatalysts.By analyzing the ML results,we identify thenumber of d-orbital electrons in the active site as a key factorinfluencing the CO_(2)RR catalytic activity.Additionally,wepropose a simple descriptor to measure the CO_(2)RR activity ofthese DACs.Our findings provide plausible explanations for thesynergistic interactions between bimetallic atoms in CO_(2)RR andallow us to screen the homogeneous Ni-Ni pair as the mostpromising dual-atom catalysts.This work offers a fast MLapproach based on limited DFT calculations to predict the mostelectroactive and stable DACs on carbon support for CO_(2)RR,facilitating rapid screening of high-performance dual-atomcatalysts.
基金supported by the grants from the Natural Science Foundation Committee of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021QB143)Doctoral Fund of Heze University(No.XY20BS20),China.
文摘The constituents and geometric design of cathodic electrocatalyst to achieve high activity and durability are effective but challenging for the development of high-performance Li-O_(2)batteries.This study employs a mild solution precipitation method followed by thermolysis to construct a faveolate open-structured Ru-N/C matrix with a loosely braided network morphology as a bifunctional cathode.The details prove that this hybrid structure is composed of ultrafine Ru globular nanoparticles(ca.2 nm)coated with an N-enriched carbon film and exhibits a valuable beehive through-hole character for rapid mass transport during oxygen redox catalysis.The synergistic effect of open-structured and reticular network matrix with metal-N4 coordination induces asymmetric charge distributions with moderate adsorption/desorption behaviour with oxygen intermediates.Consequently,this particular Ru-N/C matrix cathode provides a promising Li_(2)O_(2)accommodation space and exhibits superior electrochemical performance in terms of a positive discharge plateau and low charge overpotential.Besides,the assembled batteries also present a high discharge capacity and a long cycle life(exceeding 283 cycles).The density functional theory(DFT)calculations also corroborate the assertion that the Ru-N/C catalyst exhibits robust electronic coupling transfer and superior bifunctional activity.As such,our work demonstrates that this type of open-structured Ru-N/C matrix is promising for fabricating high-performance quasi solid-state Li-O_(2)batteries.
文摘Photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation is a promising route to produce methanol as a sustainable liquid solar fuel.However,most existing catalysts require a combination of solar irradiation and additional heat input to achieve a satisfactory reaction rate.For the few that can be driven solely by light,their reaction rates are one order of magnitude lower.We develop a photothermal catalyst with multilevel interfaces that achieves improvedmethanol production from photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation without external heat.The catalyst features a layered structure comprising Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3)(CZA)covered by oxidized carbon black(oCB),where the oCB/CZA interface promotes efficient heat generation and transfer,and the Cu/oxide interface contributes to high catalytic activity.Under a mild pressure of 8 bar,our oCB/CZA catalyst shows a methanol selectivity of 64.7%with a superior production rate of 4.91 mmol-geza-1-h-1,at least one order of magnitude higher than other photothermal catalysts solely driven by light.This work demonstrates a photothermal catalyst design strategy for liquid solar fuel production.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22271257,32202063,and 21902148)Natural Science Foundation of Henan(No.232300421096)+5 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFE0105200)Start-up Research Fundation of Henan University of Technology(No.2021BS053)the Innovation and Technology Commission of Hong Kong,The Hong Kong Polytechnic Universitythe support from MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033ERDF/EU(No.PID2022-138724NB-I00)the Xunta de Galicia/ERDF(No.GRC ED431C 2020/09).
文摘Recent studies support that magnetic chiral nanozymes,integrating the features of chirality,magnetism,and enzyme-like catalysis,provide new insights into the synthetic methodologies and applications of chiral nanozymes.In this study,we present the design of novel magnetic chiral cobalt superstructures(CoSSs)synthesized by the regulation of complex formation kinetics of Co3+with chiral ligands(L-or D-tartaric acid)under varying metal-to-ligand molar ratios and solvent polarity.This approach yielded a series of CoSSs with varying symmetry from high to low.The chiral CoSSs exhibited chirality-dependent peroxidase(POD)-like activity,demonstrating a high affinity of L-CoSSs towards substrates,with a chiral selective factor of approximately 1.37.In addition,the magneto-optical effects of the chiral CoSSs significantly enhanced their chiroptical performance from ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)to near-infrared region.Under a magnetic field,the affinity of chiral CoSSs for substrates increases,while the chiral selective factor was modified to 0.76.This research on magnetic chiral CoSSs nanozymes opens promising new avenues for the application of artificial enzymes in fields,such as antibacterial technology,drug delivery,and biocatalysis.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22272008 and 21872011)the Project of PetroChina Technology Management Department(No.2023ZZ1202).
文摘Heteroatom doping has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance the performance of electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Traditional doping methods often involve harsh chemical treatments and tedious procedures,hindering their widespread applications.Furthermore,although dynamic surface reconstruction in alkaline media is commonly observed in bimetallic compounds,strategies to regulatethis reconstruction behavior for enhanced HER and OER performances remain inadequately explored.Herein,we report an ultrafast(≤300 s)and mild electrochemical doping approach to fabricate Se-doped NiCo_(2)S_(4) hollow nanoarrays on carbon fiber papers(a-NiCo_(2)(S_(1-x)Se_(x))_(4)),investigating the role of Se in enhancing overall water splitting performance.Under HER conditions,a-NiCo_(2)(S_(1-x)Se_(x))_(4) demonstrates remarkable stability,with Se tuning the electronic structure to optimize intermediate adsorption and facilitate H_(2)O dissociation.While under OER conditions,Se doping lowers the energy barrier for reconstruction and promotes transformation into active Se,S co-doped Ni_(0.33)Co_(0.67)OOH nanosheets.The optimal samples exhibit superior HER and OER activity,requiring a cell voltage of 1.578 V to deliver a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2) for overall water spltting.This work not only introduces a facile method for Se doping but also provides comprehensive insights into the structure-composition-activity relationship for Se-doped bimetallic sulfide.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202371)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2023ME010 and ZR2024ME168)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Team Program in Colleges of Shandong Province(No.2023KJ151)SDUT&Zibo City Integration Development Project(No.2021SNPT0045).
文摘Heterostructured magnetic composites with exchange coupling effects are considered to be promising electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbers.In this work,tailored heterostructures of soft magnetic ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and hard magnetic Fe_(3)C are generated and tightly anchored on two-dimensional(2D)carbon nanosheets,by in-situ blowing and carbonization process of gel precursor.Nanosized soft/hard magnetic phases generate large number of heterogeneous interfaces.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations confirm the exchange coupling effect that results from the dynamic charges reconstruction of soft/hard magnetic heterogeneous interface.The synthesized Fe_(3)C/ZnFe_(2)O_(4)/C(FZC)shows wide effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 4.56 GHz and RL_(min)value of−65.6 dB.By layer-to-layer stacking of 2D FZC and reduced graphene oxide(rGO),the obtained flexible rGO/FZC-1 film can effectively shield 5G signals.Importantly,both the 2D morphology and abundant heterostructures restrain the diffusion of saline ions inside the FZC coatings and enhance the“maze effect”,finally improving the corrosion resistance in marine environment.This work provides advanced nanostructure integrating 2D morphology and soft/hard magnetic heterostructure with effective exchange coupling,which can simultaneously achieve the EMW stealth and high corrosion resistance.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.62175027,62175030,62205053,and 62305054).
文摘Exosomes are important cancer biomarkers,however,the accuracy of exosome detection is greatly reduced due to heterogeneity of each exosome.Detecting exosomes with a larger field-of-view(FOV)might be a good solution.Compound eyes offer unique advantages such as a large field of view,low aberration,and high temporal resolution.Bionic compound eyes aim to replicate such features and have broad applications in fields like machine vision and medical imaging.In this paper,we propose the fabrication and application of a bionic compound eye for quantitative detection of exosomes,which allows fluorescence imaging of exosomes with an enlarged FOV,achieving a detection limit as low as 9.1×10^(2)particles/mL.The bionic compound eye is formed by simply replicating a fly eye with polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).To detect exosomes,a microfluidic array chip compatible with the compound eye is designed.Exosomes are captured on the chip using CD63 aptamers as the capturing probes.Another kind of fluorescent aptamers are utilized to recognize the captured exosomes.Large FOV dual-color fluorescence(LFDF)imaging of these exosomes is realized by inserting the compound eye between the objective and microfluidic chip.The advantages of LFDF imaging include,first,dual-color fluorescence imaging can guarantee that we are indeed imaging exosomes;second,large FOV can reduce the impact of heterogeneity of exosomes.Thus,the reliability of assay results would be greatly improved.As a proof-of-concept,breast cancer exosomes were used as the example.The experimental results showed that,compared to imaging without the compound eye,the standard deviation of LFDF imaging results decreased by approximately 38%.Thus,the detection errors could be greatly reduced.The feasibility of using LFDF imaging for subtype classification of breast cancer exosomes was also preliminarily validated.This technology offers a new,low-cost,and highly accurate solution for exosome based cancer diagnosis.
基金Science Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments(No.JCKYS2024603C009).
文摘Flexible strain sensors have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in advanced flexible electronics and wearable technologies.However,achieving stable signal transmission at high temperatures remains a major challenge.In this study,we developed a novel polyimide(PI)aerogel composite,reinforced with intrinsically short-cut polyimide nanofibers(PINF)that are surface-coated with silver nanoparticles to enhance both conductivity and mechanical strength.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are used as the main filler in synergistic effect with Ag@PINF particles to further improve the conductivity and sensing performance of the composite material.This synergistic design results in a flexible PI aerogel composite material with rapid response time(116 ms),high sensitivity(GF=3.12),and long-term cycling stability(>1000 cycles).Additionally,the sensing materials were tested at high temperatures and after high-temperature aging,demonstrating good flexible sensing performance.Experimental results demonstrate that the composite sensor maintains stable strain-sensing performance across a range of environmental temperatures,showing consistent strain response under the same deformation conditions.This work provides a promising approach for fabricating high-performance,temperature-resistant flexible strain sensors,with broad applications in flexible electronics and wearable technologies.
基金We are grateful for support from Chinese Academy of Sciences for funding XDB3600000(Nos.QYKIZD-SSW-SLH02 and ZDBS-LY SLH036)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36000000).
文摘Life systems are complex systems,and the self-assembly behaviour represents the transition from disorder to order and serves as a concrete indicator and starting point for understanding complex systems.Super-self-assembly behaviour was observed in the decoctions of various natural herbs,and this behaviour was characterized by multistep and multilevel assembly processes.The super-self-assemblies were multilevel particles resulting from inorganic-organic assembly,specifically observed ascomposite spheres,cubes,and tetragonal bipyramids.The preparation process was environmentally friendly and safe,and the resulting super-self-assemblies were regular in shape and rich in variety;this process has numerous possibilities for development and application in medicine and materials research.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0450402)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFE0202201 and 2021YFA0715700)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22293044,U1932213,51732011,22105194,and 92163130)the Major Basic Research Project of Anhui Province(No.2023z04020009)the New Cornerstone Investigator Programcarried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication。
文摘Separators play a critical role in lithium-ion batteries.However,the restrictions of thermal stability and inferior electrical performance in commercial polyolefin separators significantly limit their applications under harsh conditions.Here,we report a cellulose-assisted self-assembly strategy to construct a cellulose-based separator massively and continuously.With an ultrahigh ionic conductivity in electrolytes of 3.7 mS·cm^(-1) and the ability to regulate ion transport,the obtained separator is a promising alternative for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.In addition,integrated with high thermal stability,the cellulose-based separator endows batteries with high safety at high temperatures,greatly expanding the application scenarios of energy storage devices in extreme environments.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52173298 and 52192611)the National Key R&D Project from Minister of Science and Technology(No.2021YFA1201603)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z230024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Water wave energy exhibits great potential toalleviate the global energy crisis. However, harvesting andutilizing wave energy are challenging due to its irregularity,randomness, and low frequency. Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs) have gained significant attention for harvesting waveenergy with high efficiency. This study presents a novelellipsoidal, pendulum-like TENG integrating both liquid-liquid(L-L) and solid-solid (S-S) triboelectricity (LS-TENG). Thisinnovative design enables continuous wave energy harvestingand self-powered marine environment monitoring under variousconditions, including temperature, humidity, and light intensity. The binary immiscible liquids within the LS-TENG’s innersoft balloon create dynamic, and self-adjustable L-L contact interfaces, significantly increasing the L-L contact area andenhancing L-L contact electrification (CE). The unique self-adaptive, soft S-S contact increases the S-S contact areacompared to traditional hard point contact, better adapting to the irregular movements of waves and promoting efficient S-SCE. The LS-TENG achieves highly efficient wave energy harvesting by coupling L-L and S-S CE. Furthermore, the uniquesoft contact design protects the S-S interfaces from mechanical wear and damage during long-term work. The LS-TENG’snovel structure provides an innovative and effective way for water wave energy harvesting.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32171324 and 31971301)helped to support this work,Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(Nos.2024CDJXY017 and 2023CDJXY-051)Fundamental Research Funds for the National Key R&D Project(No.2022YFF0710700)+1 种基金2030 Major Research Projects for Technological Innovation(No.2023ZD0509402)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Nos.2022NSCQ-BHX4850,CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0718,and CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0724).
文摘Diabetes,a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder,often leads to severe complications.Currently,existing treatment methods may pose life-threatening risks due to poor patient compliance and inaccurate dosing of subcutaneous insulin injections.Hence,a biomimetic red blood cell(RBC)membrane-coated glucose-responsive nanoplatform is developed for controlling insulin release.Functionalizing nanoplatforms with RBC membrane can prolong the half-life of nano-formulation in vivo mediated by the biomimetic immune escape.Simultaneously,the cascade catalytic effect of glucose oxidase(GOx)encapsulated in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and hemoglobin(Hb)in the RBC membrane are able to not only facilitate glucose-responsive insulin release,but also eliminate the detrimental by-product hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))resulting from the Hb mediated H_(2)O_(2)scavenging.Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the favorable glucose-responsive performances of this advanced nano-platform with a single intravenous injection maintaining blood glucose balance in Type 1 Diabetes(T1D)mice for an extended duration without the hypoglycemia risk.Therefore,this biomimetic insulin delivery system is poised to function as a strategy for the intravenous insulin administration,offering a promising drug candidate for the self-adaptive long-term T1D treatment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22308378,22393963,22308380)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Nos.2462023XKBH005 and 2462024BJRC017).
文摘Due to the advantages of low cost and good stability,iron-chromium flow batteries(ICRFBs)have been widely used in energy storage development.However,issues such as poor Cr^(3+)/Cr^(2+)activity still need to be addressed urgently.To improve the slow reaction kinetics of the Cr redox pairs,we propose a method of preparing nano bismuth catalyst modified carbon cloth electrode(TBCC)based on intrinsic defect assisted catalyst attachment.By utilizing the carbon thermal reaction to firmly adhere the bismuth catalyst to the electrode surface,the electrochemical performance and reaction kinetics of the TBCC electrode are significantly improved.It proved that the polarization of the battery assembled with the modified electrode was reduced,and the energy efficiency was significantly improved compared to the original carbon cloth electrode.Charging and discharging tests were conducted at a high current density of 140 mA/cm^(2),achieving average energy efficiency of up to 82.9%,and even achieving ultra-high energy efficiency of 88.95%at the current density of 80 mA/cm^(2).This provides broad prospects for the commercialization of ICRFBs.
基金support from Alexander von Humboldt foundationthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21972006,U2001217 and 22261160370)+1 种基金the funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under grant numbers EXC 2089/1-390776260(Germany’s Excellence Strategy)and TI 1063/1(Emmy Noether Program),the Bavarian Program Solar Energies Go Hybrid(SolTech)and the Center for NanoScience(CeNS).Co-funded by the European Union(ERC,METANEXT,101078018)expressed are however those of the author(s)only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency.Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
文摘Plasmon-enhanced electrocatalysis(PEEC)is an emerging approach to mitigate CO_(2)emissions.The mechanisms behind CO_(2)adsorption and reduction at the catalyst-electrolyte interface in PEEC still need to be further explored.Herein,we employ a well-defined Ag nanostructure to elucidate these pivotal issues.By shining light with wavelengths of 625,525,405 nm on Ag,an adjustable CO/H_(2)ratio from 35 to 1 can be obtained.The reaction pathway changing under plasmonic excitation does not originate from the lowered CO_(2)mass transfer in the vicinity of Ag,as the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results unravel that a slightly elevated temperature in bulk electrolyte caused by light irradiation cannot weaken the CO_(2)adsorption at the Ag catalyst-electrolyte interface.Theoretical calculations reveal that optical excitation towards shorter wavelengths leads to a progressive lowered energy barrier for H_(2)formation together with an enhanced energy barrier for^(*)COOH formation.Although thermodynamically suppressed,CO_(2)reduction can still be improved kinetically by optimizing the excitation wavelength and intensity,being accompanied with the enhanced photocurrent.Transient absorption spectroscopy results further correlate the higher photocurrent with a prolonged electron-phonon coupling time,verifying that the improvement of CO_(2)reduction kinetics in PEEC can be realized by hot electron harnessing.
基金supported by the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2024CX-GXPT-12).
文摘The effect of crystallinity degree of MoSe_(2) on the potassium ions storage performance in potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)has been largely overlooked in the energy communities.In this study,we experimentally realize MoSe_(2) grown on graphene nanoribbons(MoSe_(2)-GNR)with tunable crystallinity by tailoring the thermal annealing temperature,and further investigate the effect of crystallinity degree in MoSe_(2)-GNR on the potassium ions storage performance.The spectral,electrochemical,and microscopy experiments indicate that high-temperature thermal annealing results in a high crystallinity degree of MoSe_(2)-GNR with decreased interlayer spacing of(002).The MoSe_(2)-GNR with high crystallinity degree exhibits a high capacity,but suffers from reduced cycling stability.What is more,the in-situ X-ray powder diffractometer(in-situ XRD)and in-situ Raman experiments reveal the phase transition in MoSe_(2) triggered by potassium ions insertion/extraction during the potassium ions storage.The work sheds light on the development of MoSe_(2)-based anode materials for PIBs.
基金the research fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21902084,52222203 and 52073008)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2022CFB354)the 111 Project of Hubei Province(No.2018-19-1)for financial support.
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion devices are considered promising candidates for energy storage due to their high safety,low cost and relatively high energy density.However,the dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and corrosion of the zinc anode significantly limit the development of Zn-ion devices.Here,an inexpensive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)protective layer was constructed in situ on the Zn surface using electropolymerization to suppress dendrite growth and side reactions,thereby enhancing the reversibility of Zn.Experimental and theoretical calculations revealed that this hydrophilic protective layer promotes the desolvation process of hydrated Zn^(2+)and facilitates the transport of zinc ions,thus improving the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of Zn^(2+)deposition and inhibiting interfacial side reactions.Consequently,the optimized PEDOT@Zn symmetric battery exhibited a cycling stability exceeding 1250 h at 0.5 mA·cm^(-2)and 0.25 mAh·cm^(-2),with a significantly reduced overpotential(from 91.8 to 35 mV).With the assistance of the PEDOT protective layer,the PEDOT@Zn//Cu battery maintained approximately 99.5%Coulombic efficiency after 450 cycles.Ex-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and in situ optical microscopy characterizations further confirmed that the PEDOT protective layer can effectively suppress the growth of zinc dendrites.Additionally,the Zn-ion capacitors assembled by the PEDOT@Zn and activated carbon also demonstrated outstanding cycling stability.
基金supported by the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Disease Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Education of China(No.LPHGRDC2020-002)the Major Marshal List Project of Harbin Medical University(No.HMUMIF-21007)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22305051)the member of Youth Innovation Promotion Association Foundation of CAS,China(No.2023310).
文摘Facing the growing global challenge posed by cancer,the quest for more accurate and potent cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies continues to require a multidisciplinary integration approach.This review firstly summarizes various types of nanoparticles in cancer research.Subsequently,it offers a comprehensive overview of signalenhancing techniques for visualizing in situ tumors,along with multimodal diagnostic methods for detecting metastases.As for tumor therapy,cutting-edge drug delivery methods that can cross biological barriers and the pinpoint targeting of tumor lesions for precise medical intervention are introduced.Within the domain of therapeutic diagnostics,we elucidate the theoretical underpinnings and structural paradigms that underlie a spectrum of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.Additionally,we present a compendium of publications delineating the clinical applications of each nano-based theragnostic integration platform.Finally,this comprehensive review discusses the safety concerns pertaining to the clinical application of nanoparticles and proposes some strategic recommendations to enhance the precision and safety of theragnostic-guided,nanotechnology-based clinical practices.A deeper understanding of nanomaterials,together with intimate interdisciplinary collaborations,nano-wave will most probably guide human beings to win the battle against cancers.
