Aims and Scope The overarching aim of Malignancy Spectrum is to publish original articles from cancer researchers around the globe.The journal will also publish reviews on emerging areas of cancer research and treatme...Aims and Scope The overarching aim of Malignancy Spectrum is to publish original articles from cancer researchers around the globe.The journal will also publish reviews on emerging areas of cancer research and treatment,and opinion pieces.Malignancy Spectrum seeks to educate,inform,and promote collaboration among all stakeholders involved in cancer research.展开更多
Aims and Scope The overarching aim of Malignancy Spectrum is to publish original articles from cancer researchers around the globe.The journal will also publish reviews on emerging areas of cancer research and treatme...Aims and Scope The overarching aim of Malignancy Spectrum is to publish original articles from cancer researchers around the globe.The journal will also publish reviews on emerging areas of cancer research and treatment,and opinion pieces.Malignancy Spectrum seeks to educate,inform,and promote collaboration among all stakeholders involved in cancer research.展开更多
Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the deadliest cancer over the world.In this study,we aimed to determine the most critical molecular event in HCC patients with tumor protein p53(TP53)or catenin beta 1...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the deadliest cancer over the world.In this study,we aimed to determine the most critical molecular event in HCC patients with tumor protein p53(TP53)or catenin beta 1(CTNNB1)mutations,and to explore how these two mutations differ in their impact on HCC prognostication.Methods:We performed an integrated comparative analysis of exome and transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)for HCC patients.Patient prognosis and correlation with the immune infiltration characteristics were performed.HCC cell line based in vitro experiments were also performed to validate the mechanistic insights.Results:The 3-year progression-free survival(PFS)analysis of HCC patients with TP53 mutations indicated a significantly poorer clinical outcome compared to those with CTNNB1 mutations.Functional annotation of the TP53 mutant cohort revealed a substantial upregulation of genes associated with immune regulation,while the CTNNB1 mutant cohort displayed a prominent activation of metabolic pathways.Further comparative analysis and in vitro experiments showed that TP53 missense mutations activated the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway,which fostered neutrophil infiltration and enhanced the enrichment of regulatory T(Treg)cells by secreting specific inflammatory molecules in the tumor microenvironment.Notably,treatment with a an STAT3 inhibitor suppressed the expression of these inflammatory molecules,underscoring how an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in the TP53 mutant cohort contributes to a poor prognosis.Conclusion:Our study provides valuable insights,revealing that HCC patients with TP53 missense mutations exhibit a distinct immune profile associated with poorer clinical outcome compared to those with CTNNB1 mutations.展开更多
Dear Editor,Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1)is an autosomal dominant,complex multi-system disorder that primarily affects the skin and nervous system.It is characterized by mutations in the NF1 gene on chromosome 17,lea...Dear Editor,Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1)is an autosomal dominant,complex multi-system disorder that primarily affects the skin and nervous system.It is characterized by mutations in the NF1 gene on chromosome 17,leading to abnormal production of neurofibromin protein.Common symptoms include caféau lait spots,Lisch nodules,neurofibromas,plexiform neurofibromas,scoliosis,vision disorders,and learning and mental disabilities[1].Managing NF-1 can be challenging because it is a lifelong disorder in which chronic pain is a prominent feature;consequently,opioids are prescribed and somnolence is frequently reported.Surgical interventions to remove tumors can also result in long-term physical impairments[2].In recent years,new treatments like Selumetinib(Koselugo)have been approved.However,its effectiveness is mainly limited to children,and it can cause adverse effects like vomiting,raised creatinine phosphokinase,dry skin,and diarrhea[3].展开更多
Breast cancer(BC)is the most prevalent and destructive tumor in developing countries.The implementation of mammography screening programs has enabled access to appropriate therapeutic interventions,including adjuvant ...Breast cancer(BC)is the most prevalent and destructive tumor in developing countries.The implementation of mammography screening programs has enabled access to appropriate therapeutic interventions,including adjuvant endocrine therapy and breast-conserving surgery;earlier diagnosis translates into a wider survival-rate range,making hypofractionated radiotherapy(HFRT)the preferred option.This review examines the current literature comparing the two radiation therapies,HFRT and conventional radiotherapy(CR),with reconstructed breasts,focusing on efficacy,toxicity,cosmetic outcomes,quality of life(QOL),and cost-effectiveness.A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major scientific databases,including PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar.The search focused on articles published primarily in English,from 2010 to 2024,and the period is about 15 years.The following search terms and Boolean operators were used:“hypofractionated radiotherapy”OR“hypofractionation”AND“breast cancer”AND“toxicity”OR“complications”OR“reconstruction”OR“quality of life”OR“HFRT versus CFRT”OR“intensitymodulated radiation therapy”OR“proton therapy”.CR can be safely replaced with HFRT in terms of overall survival and local recurrence rates.HFRT is associated with lesser risks of both acute and chronic side effects,breast complications,increased patient satisfaction,and reduced breast problems.In addition,new radiotherapy modalities,such as intensitymodulated radiation therapy,have shown great potential in targeting tumors.In treating BC,HFRT is gradually becoming standard,especially for patients who undergo reconstruction after surgery.Its low toxicity and equal effectiveness make it a key element in improving the QOL of BC survivors.It is recommended that future studies focus on long-term outcomes to provide better care to patients.展开更多
Dear Editor,Obesity is one of the burning lifestyle-related health problems of the current generation,affecting more than one-third of the global population.Obese individuals face a severe risk of various cancers,part...Dear Editor,Obesity is one of the burning lifestyle-related health problems of the current generation,affecting more than one-third of the global population.Obese individuals face a severe risk of various cancers,particularly concerning colorectal cancer(CRC),which has an extremely low survival rate among affected patients[1].In fact,obesity is linked to 4%–8%of global cancer cases,and obese cancer patients face a 17%higher risk of mortality[2].A recent report examined the relationship between obesity and four obesity-related cancers,namely cancers of the colon,rectum,pancreas,and kidney[2].The study analyzed cancer incidence data from 42 countries and found positive correlation coefficients of 0.27 and 0.33 for colon cancer and rectal cancer,respectively[2].Obesity-related CRC is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation,which may promote the progression of colorectal neoplasia through the inflammation–dysplasia–tumor sequence,particularly in early-onset cases.[3].展开更多
Dear Editor,This Letter to the Editor is being written to respond to the article by Yao et al.(2025),which explores the role of non-apoptotic regulatory cell death(RCD)pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and thei...Dear Editor,This Letter to the Editor is being written to respond to the article by Yao et al.(2025),which explores the role of non-apoptotic regulatory cell death(RCD)pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and their application in molecular prognostication.展开更多
Background:Chemotherapy is the mainstay to treat metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC).However,a sizeable proportion of patients do not respond to treatment,which leads to the recurrence of disease.This study was carried ...Background:Chemotherapy is the mainstay to treat metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC).However,a sizeable proportion of patients do not respond to treatment,which leads to the recurrence of disease.This study was carried out to identify reliable gene expression-based marker(s)to predict the response to chemotherapy and the risk of recurrence.Methods:This prospective study involved the collection of tumor tissues(n=100)and normal tissues(n=10)from CRC patients who primarily underwent surgical treatment.Global gene expression profiles were generated on microarray(Affymetrix;n=5)and the next-generation sequencing(NGS)(Illumina;n=20)platforms.Patients were classified as responders(n=13;complete response with no relapse)or non-responders(n=12;recurrence of disease leading to death).Common dysregulated genes identified from both platforms were replicated in an independent set(n=75;quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR)).The area under the curve(AUC)was generated,and a combinatorial analysis was performed.Results:A total of 193 and 1351 genes were dysregulated in microarray and NGS datasets,respectively.Of the top common genes(PTGIS,LYVE1,C3,C7,CXCL12,CEACAM6,MUC13,and ST14)that were selected for replication,upregulation of five genes(PTGIS,C3,C7,LYVE1,and CXCL12)were associated with the non-responder group in validation set.Combinatorial analysis and comparison of AUC identified a significant increase(p=0.03)in AUC by 15.2%(95%confidence interval(CI):0.01-0.29)for two genes(PTGIS and LYVE1).Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)were88.9%,100%,100%,and 95.6%,respectively.Conclusion:Assessing upregulation of the PTGIS and LYVE1 genes enables identification of individuals who may not respond to adjuvant chemotherapy and the risk of recurrence.The addition of drugs targeting these genes may improve response and benefit the patients.展开更多
Background:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small noncoding molecules that play critical roles in cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion,and metastasis,and they c...Background:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small noncoding molecules that play critical roles in cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion,and metastasis,and they can target multiple genes at the mRNA level.Materials and methods:Some online tools like TargetScan,miRDIP,miRmap,and miRanda were used to evaluate the validated target genes.Before choosing target genes,we took advantage of some bioinformatics tools including STRING,Gene MANIA,and TRED to predict the target genes.Finally,the expression levels of the target genes were measured in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)tumor and their adjacent normal tissues via SYBR Green-based quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Results:According to bioinformatics tools,BCL2 and AKT3 were selected as target genes for miR-15/16,and BCL2 was shown to demonstrate a robust negative correlation with miR-15a in our previous analysis of NSCLC tumor samples.Furthermore,we found a significant correlation between BCL2 expression level and stageⅢ(p=0.04).PTEN was assumed as a validated target gene of miR-21 that presented a significant decrease in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues.IRS1 was assigned as a target gene of miR-126/miR-128,and finally,HIF1A was selected as the target gene of miR-210.There was a significant negative association between IRS1 expression level and miR-126/miR-128,but a positive correlation was demonstrated between miR-210 and HIF1A at mRNA level.Conclusion:Restoration of miR-15/16,miR-126,and miR-128 in NSCLC might be therapeutic candidates to control cell proliferation and apoptosis.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effects of graded motor imagery(GMI)on fear of movement,pain,and rehabilitation in patients with kinesiophobia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for lung cancer...Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effects of graded motor imagery(GMI)on fear of movement,pain,and rehabilitation in patients with kinesiophobia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for lung cancer.Methods:Fifty-eight participants with kinesiophobia after VATS were randomly assigned into two groups:one receiving usual care(the control group)and the other receiving usual care plus GMI(the GMI group).The GMI was delivered in three stages:left/right limb identification,motor imagery,and mirror therapy delivered by two researchers every afternoon starting on the first postoperative day,once a day for about 40 min,at least twice.Level of fear of movement,pain-related patient-reported outcomes(PROs),rehabilitation exercise participation,and peak expiratory flow(PEF)were compared between the two groups.Results:Twenty-seven eligible participants were included in the GMI group and 29 in the control group.Compared to the reports on the first postoperative day,the participants who received GMI reported at discharge significant reductions in kinesiophobia,intensity of worst pain and least pain,and interference of pain with activities and emotions,and increases in rehabilitation exercise participation and PEF than those in the control group(p<0.05).An unexpected finding was a reduced surgery-to-discharge interval in the patients who received GMI(almost a day earlier than those in the control group).Conclusion:GMI can reduce fear of movement,improve pain-related PROs,and increase rehabilitation exercise participation and PEF for lung cancer patients with kinesiophobia after VATS.The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR2300072612).展开更多
Objective:There is a paucity of real-world evidence in the Indian context to address the outcome of primary brain tumors(PBTs)in children.This study aimed to describe the demographic profile,clinical characteristics,a...Objective:There is a paucity of real-world evidence in the Indian context to address the outcome of primary brain tumors(PBTs)in children.This study aimed to describe the demographic profile,clinical characteristics,and histological features of PBTs based on the 2016 World Health Organization classification,assess the efficacy of treatment methods,and identify the factors that influence the outcome.Methodology:This is a single-institution,hospital-based study.Data were collected for pediatric patients aged 0−19 years,from September 2001 to May 2023(22 years),who were diagnosed with malignant PBTs.Patients with radiologically or histologically proven tumors were included.Those with metastatic disease to the central nervous system were excluded.The overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.Results:A total of 251 patients with pediatric brain tumors were included in this analysis.The mean age was 9.10±5.54 years.The male-to-female ratio was 1.20:1.In this cohort,the most common histologies were medulloblastoma and astrocytoma.The mean survival of all patients with PBTs was 141.00±7.90 months with 1-,3-,and 8-year OS rates of 79.00%,67.00%,and 60.00%,respectively.Medulloblastoma had 1-,3-,and 8-year OS rates of 81.00%,72.00%,and 65.00%,respectively.The 1-year OS rates for glioblastoma and brainstem glioma were 46.00%and 45.00%,respectively.Complete tumoral resection showed longer survival than lesser degrees of resection(p=0.001).Embryonal tumors(ETs)had a better RFS of 133.60±12.70 months(p≤0.001).Conclusion:ETs have a better prognosis than glial tumors.With an improved OS,the surgical resection extent has a favorable outcome.As a chemosensitive tumor,medulloblastoma benefits most from systemic treatment and responds well to a multimodal approach.展开更多
Aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms(AIMSS),especially joint pain,have been widely reported in postmenopausal women undergoing endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and are a ma...Aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms(AIMSS),especially joint pain,have been widely reported in postmenopausal women undergoing endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and are a major cause of treatment termination.Aerobic exercise has emerged as a promising nonpharmacological intervention to counteract AIMSS in this population.This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on aromatase inhibitor-induced worst joint pain in postmenopausal breast cancer.A systematic literature search was performed using ClinicalTrials.gov,PubMed,and the Cochrane Library that yielded 1415 records.Studies comparing the effect of aerobic exercise with usual care on the worst joint pain through brief pain inventory(BPI)scoring in postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy were included.For each group,the mean change from baseline and standard deviation(SD)of worst joint pain(BPI score)were calculated.Mean differences(MDs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were pooled using a random-effects model.Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity based on exercise intervention.Three randomized controlled trials(n=297)were included.Pooled analysis showed no significant overall effect of exercise compared with control(standardized mean difference[SMD]=−0.16;95%CI[−1.45,1.14];p=0.65;I^(2)=74%).Subgroup analysis indicated a significant difference by exercise type(p=0.003),suggesting exercise modality influenced outcomes.Aerobic exercise,evaluated in two RCTs,significantly reduced worst joint pain(SMD=−0.41;95%CI[−0.50,−0.32];p=0.01;I^(2)=0%),indicating consistent benefit across studies.In contrast,the single study assessing Nordic walking showed no significant improvement(SMD=0.56;95%CI[−0.08,1.19];p=0.08).Risk-of-bias assessment revealed variability across studies,with one trial rated low risk,one with some concerns,and one at high risk,which may partly explain the observed heterogeneity(I^(2)=74%).Aerobic exercise interventions did not show an overall significant effect on the worst joint pain.However,subgroup analysis revealed that multi-component aerobic exercise programs were associated with significant pain reduction,while the study with only Nordic walking intervention was not.Considering the clinical burden of aromatase inhibitorinduced musculoskeletal symptoms,aerobic exercise can be a potentially useful non-pharmacologic adjunct to endocrine therapy.However,given the variation in the assessed risk of bias among the included studies,these outcomes should be interpreted with due caution.To confirm these results and determine the optimal exercise type and duration for managing aromatase inhibitor–associated musculoskeletal symptoms in breast cancer survivors,further large-scale trials are necessary.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess clinical characteristics and survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who were treated with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and 21-h infusional 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)....Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess clinical characteristics and survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who were treated with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and 21-h infusional 5-fluorouracil(5-FU).Methods:This study was a prospective,observational study at a medical center in Western Iran.The clinical and survival data from 25 patients treated with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and 21-h infusional 5-FU at our center were prospectively assessed.Patients received chemotherapy consisting of cycles of continuous infusion of 5-FU(650 mg/m^(2))for 21 h on Days 1,2,3,and 4.Gemcitabine was administered at a dose of 1 g/m^(2)on Days 1 and 8,and cisplatin was administered at a dose of 60 mg/m^(2)on Day 1,with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)support.Each cycle was repeated every 21 days for 5−6 cycles.Results:A total of 25 patients with an age range of 39−73 years were studied.One out of the two patients with stageⅡcancer survived for more than 43 months.Four out of the 14 patients with stageⅢcancer survived for more than 15 months.Seventeen patients died,and eight subjects were alive at the end of the study.The mean and median of overall survival(OS)rates for the 25 patients were 20 and 12 months,respectively.The median progression-free survival(PFS)was 6 months.Conclusion:It seems that the triple therapy with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and infusional 5-FU afforded significant PFS and OS benefits in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.展开更多
Objective:Weight loss in colorectal cancer(CRC)surgical patients is widespread and often associated with increased morbidity and mortality.This study aimed to determine whether pre-surgery nutrition intervention in CR...Objective:Weight loss in colorectal cancer(CRC)surgical patients is widespread and often associated with increased morbidity and mortality.This study aimed to determine whether pre-surgery nutrition intervention in CRC patients can reduce post-surgery weight loss and improve nutritional status and quality of life(Qo L).Methods:Sixty CRC patients undergoing elective surgery from November2018 to February 2021 were recruited.They were compared to a control group of 60 CRC patients extracted retrospectively from 2014.The intervention group received pre-surgery nutrition counselling and was followed up at 1,2,and 3 months after surgery,where their weights were taken and nutritional status was assessed using Subjective Global Assessment(SGA).Health-related Qo L was assessed using the 3-level Euro-Quality of Life5 Domain(EQ-5D-3L)questionnaire before surgery and at 3 months after surgery.The control group did not receive pre-surgery nutrition counselling.Results:At 3 months after surgery,the intervention group lost significantly less weight compared to the control group(p<0.001).Similar significant results were observed at 1 and 2 months after surgery(p<0.001).Fifty-two patients(91%)in the control group lost weight compared to 31 patients(53%)in the intervention group at 3 months after surgery(p<0.001).Within the intervention group,the post-surgery Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale improved significantly from baseline(80%versus 75%,p=0.043).The SGA score at 3 months after surgery was similar to that of baseline(p=0.109).Conclusion:Pre-surgery nutrition intervention in patients with CRC and elective surgery has resulted in a significant reduction in post-surgery weight loss,improvement in Qo L,and maintenance of nutritional status.展开更多
Background: Tumor cavitation and pneumothorax are uncommon yetserious complications of antiangiogenic therapies. These risks are particularlysignificant in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Axitinib...Background: Tumor cavitation and pneumothorax are uncommon yetserious complications of antiangiogenic therapies. These risks are particularlysignificant in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Axitinib, a selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors(VEGFRs), is generally used as a second-line treatment for mRCC. However,rare cases of lung metastases with cavitary lesions and pneumothoraxhave been reported after the use of axitinib. Therefore, we decided to reportone of these rare cases.Case presentation: A 46-year-old male with mRCC developed pleuralcavitations and secondary pneumothorax after starting axitinib therapy.Despite intensive management, his condition worsened with recurrentpneumothorax, ultimately leading to sepsis and multiorgan failure.Conclusion: This case underscores the potential risks of tumor cavitationinducedpneumothorax in patients receiving axitinib. Close radiologicalmonitoring and timely intervention are essential for reducing morbidity andmortality in such cases. Clinicians should remain vigilant for this rare butserious complication during axitinib therapy.展开更多
As a pivotal micro RNA(mi RNA),miR-4284 exhibits noteworthy aberrant expression levels across various cancers and diseases,exerting a crucial role in modulating cancer progression and prognosis.This article endeavors ...As a pivotal micro RNA(mi RNA),miR-4284 exhibits noteworthy aberrant expression levels across various cancers and diseases,exerting a crucial role in modulating cancer progression and prognosis.This article endeavors to comprehensively elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of miR-4284 in cancer,delving deeply into its impact on tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis by intervening in key signaling pathways such as p65,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).Moreover,this article examines the potential associations of miR-4284 with diverse current therapeutic strategies,such as cancer prediction models,synergistic effects of chemotherapeutic agents,mechanisms of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technology,and enhancement of radiotherapy.However,despite the significant strides made in miR-4284 research,certain limitations persist.Looking ahead,we anticipate that larger-scale and more in-depth studies will further unveil the functional mechanisms of miR-4284 and elucidate its role in therapeutic drug efficacy,thus furnishing robust theoretical underpinnings for the clinical application of miR-4284.展开更多
Background:Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality globally.Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising treatment modality that directly destroys cancer cells and induces an immune response against them.Among natural onc...Background:Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality globally.Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising treatment modality that directly destroys cancer cells and induces an immune response against them.Among natural oncolytic viruses,Newcastle disease virus(NDV)has shown selective tumor cell infection.Materials and methods:In this study,we investigated the efficacy of variable doses of NDV and cyclophosphamide on 4T1 cancer cell line and BALB/c mouse tumors for the first time.Results:Compared with the control group,the combination treatment group with NDV and cyclophosphamide showed a significant increase in the expression levels of P21,P27,and P53 genes by 38%,46%,and 81%,respectively(p<0.05).In contrast,the expression levels of CD34,integrinα5,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR)genes significantly decreased by 47%,45%,42%,and 23%,respectively(p<0.05).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation assay evaluated with 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)staining showed a significant increase in ROS levels within 4T1 cells treated with NDV compared with the untreated group after 24 h(p<0.01).Furthermore,Annexin V/propidium iodide(PI)double staining analysis showed that the proportion of apoptotic cells in the NDV-treated group decreased by 0.61%and 1.63%after 6 h and 12 h,respectively(p<0.05).After 12 days,tumor volume in the NDV-treated groups decreased by 72%-87%compared with a 48%increase in the control group,reflecting a net reduction in tumor volume relative to the control group(p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that NDV in combination with chemotherapy drugs may be a promising therapeutic option for cancer patients.However,several other factors need to be considered.These results indicate that NDV may have potential effects on cancer treatment.展开更多
Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide.Chemotherapeutic and targeted agents,as important adjuvant therapy for breast cancer,can also cause cardiotoxicity,leading to c...Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide.Chemotherapeutic and targeted agents,as important adjuvant therapy for breast cancer,can also cause cardiotoxicity,leading to cardiac dysfunction.It is essential to recognize cardiotoxicity early,cease drug exposure when appropriate,and initiate heart failure therapy.Currently,echocardiography is routinely used to monitor cardiac function during treatment.However,normal left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)measured by echocardiography cannot exclude cardiotoxicity.Therefore,more sensitive cardiac monitoring tools are needed.Optical pumped magnetometer-magnetocardiography(OPM-MCG)has been proved to be a noninvasive and effective means to detect and monitor myocardial injury.Case description:In this case,we presented a patient diagnosed with early breast cancer with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)overexpression,following adjuvant therapy with paclitaxel liposomes,trastuzumab,and pertuzumab.Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFr EF)occurred after five cycles of anti-HER2 therapy,which improved with chronic heart failure(CHF)treatment.The MCG scan of this patient was significantly abnormal when she developed symptomatic HFr EF,which improved gradually during CHF treatment.Conclusion:The patient's heart failure was most likely caused by HER2-targeted agents,which was reversible and could be improved with the administration of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor(ARNi)and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor(SGLT2i).In the future,OPMMCG may act as a safe,accurate,and efficient evaluation tool for cardiotoxicity monitoring to detect early myocardial injury in cancer patients.展开更多
Backgound:The combination of osimertinib and savolitinib as second-line treatment after epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI)resistance can significantly improve median progression-free ...Backgound:The combination of osimertinib and savolitinib as second-line treatment after epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI)resistance can significantly improve median progression-free survival(mPFS),objective response rate(ORR),and duration of remission(DOR).The combination therapy is safe and controllable,with no new safety signals or unexpected toxicity.However,the mechanism of drug resistance for tumor progression after dual-targeted therapy is currently unclear,and there is no clinical data reference for treatment after drug resistance.This case suggests some treatment options for lung adenocarcinoma patient after dual-targeted therapy with osimertinib and savolitinib.Case presentation:A patient with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma developed mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor(MET)amplification-related resistance after first-line almonertinib.Subsequent sequential regimens—osimertinib plus savolitinib,chemo-immuno-antiangiogenesis therapy,and finally furmonertinib plus capmatinib—each yielded transient benefit.Results:The report shows that the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy,as well as the dual-targeted therapy of firmonertinib and capmatinib,prolonged the overall survival of the patient.Conclusions:This case suggests some treatment options for lung adenocarcinoma patient after dual-targeted therapy with osimertinib and savolitinib.The results indicated that traditional treatment or the combination of MET-TKI with another targeted therapy may improve the prognosis of patients.展开更多
Objective:Maintenance treatment with rituximab has been used in some nodal lymphomas,such as follicular and diffuse large cell lymphoma.The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of extra nodal lymphoma patien...Objective:Maintenance treatment with rituximab has been used in some nodal lymphomas,such as follicular and diffuse large cell lymphoma.The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of extra nodal lymphoma patients under maintenance treatment.Materials and methods:From July 2008 to December 2017,after induction treatment in patients with extra nodal lymphoma,if the patients consented and the drug was available,they were treated with rituximab every 3 months for 2 years.Results:A total of 112 patients with extra nodal lymphoma met the inclusion criteria.Among them,89 patients had high-grade lymphomas and 23 patients were in the group of low-grade lymphomas.The group of patients with high-grade lymphoma who received the rituximab-containing regimen as a maintenance treatment had lower rates of recurrence and death compared to the group that received rituximab only in the induction phase.In patients with low-grade lymphoma,the recurrence rate and mortality were also lower in the group receiving maintenance treatment compared to other groups,but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:The use of rituximab in patients with extra nodal lymphoma as maintenance can increase the survival of the patients.展开更多
文摘Aims and Scope The overarching aim of Malignancy Spectrum is to publish original articles from cancer researchers around the globe.The journal will also publish reviews on emerging areas of cancer research and treatment,and opinion pieces.Malignancy Spectrum seeks to educate,inform,and promote collaboration among all stakeholders involved in cancer research.
文摘Aims and Scope The overarching aim of Malignancy Spectrum is to publish original articles from cancer researchers around the globe.The journal will also publish reviews on emerging areas of cancer research and treatment,and opinion pieces.Malignancy Spectrum seeks to educate,inform,and promote collaboration among all stakeholders involved in cancer research.
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the deadliest cancer over the world.In this study,we aimed to determine the most critical molecular event in HCC patients with tumor protein p53(TP53)or catenin beta 1(CTNNB1)mutations,and to explore how these two mutations differ in their impact on HCC prognostication.Methods:We performed an integrated comparative analysis of exome and transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)for HCC patients.Patient prognosis and correlation with the immune infiltration characteristics were performed.HCC cell line based in vitro experiments were also performed to validate the mechanistic insights.Results:The 3-year progression-free survival(PFS)analysis of HCC patients with TP53 mutations indicated a significantly poorer clinical outcome compared to those with CTNNB1 mutations.Functional annotation of the TP53 mutant cohort revealed a substantial upregulation of genes associated with immune regulation,while the CTNNB1 mutant cohort displayed a prominent activation of metabolic pathways.Further comparative analysis and in vitro experiments showed that TP53 missense mutations activated the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway,which fostered neutrophil infiltration and enhanced the enrichment of regulatory T(Treg)cells by secreting specific inflammatory molecules in the tumor microenvironment.Notably,treatment with a an STAT3 inhibitor suppressed the expression of these inflammatory molecules,underscoring how an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in the TP53 mutant cohort contributes to a poor prognosis.Conclusion:Our study provides valuable insights,revealing that HCC patients with TP53 missense mutations exhibit a distinct immune profile associated with poorer clinical outcome compared to those with CTNNB1 mutations.
文摘Dear Editor,Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1)is an autosomal dominant,complex multi-system disorder that primarily affects the skin and nervous system.It is characterized by mutations in the NF1 gene on chromosome 17,leading to abnormal production of neurofibromin protein.Common symptoms include caféau lait spots,Lisch nodules,neurofibromas,plexiform neurofibromas,scoliosis,vision disorders,and learning and mental disabilities[1].Managing NF-1 can be challenging because it is a lifelong disorder in which chronic pain is a prominent feature;consequently,opioids are prescribed and somnolence is frequently reported.Surgical interventions to remove tumors can also result in long-term physical impairments[2].In recent years,new treatments like Selumetinib(Koselugo)have been approved.However,its effectiveness is mainly limited to children,and it can cause adverse effects like vomiting,raised creatinine phosphokinase,dry skin,and diarrhea[3].
文摘Breast cancer(BC)is the most prevalent and destructive tumor in developing countries.The implementation of mammography screening programs has enabled access to appropriate therapeutic interventions,including adjuvant endocrine therapy and breast-conserving surgery;earlier diagnosis translates into a wider survival-rate range,making hypofractionated radiotherapy(HFRT)the preferred option.This review examines the current literature comparing the two radiation therapies,HFRT and conventional radiotherapy(CR),with reconstructed breasts,focusing on efficacy,toxicity,cosmetic outcomes,quality of life(QOL),and cost-effectiveness.A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major scientific databases,including PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar.The search focused on articles published primarily in English,from 2010 to 2024,and the period is about 15 years.The following search terms and Boolean operators were used:“hypofractionated radiotherapy”OR“hypofractionation”AND“breast cancer”AND“toxicity”OR“complications”OR“reconstruction”OR“quality of life”OR“HFRT versus CFRT”OR“intensitymodulated radiation therapy”OR“proton therapy”.CR can be safely replaced with HFRT in terms of overall survival and local recurrence rates.HFRT is associated with lesser risks of both acute and chronic side effects,breast complications,increased patient satisfaction,and reduced breast problems.In addition,new radiotherapy modalities,such as intensitymodulated radiation therapy,have shown great potential in targeting tumors.In treating BC,HFRT is gradually becoming standard,especially for patients who undergo reconstruction after surgery.Its low toxicity and equal effectiveness make it a key element in improving the QOL of BC survivors.It is recommended that future studies focus on long-term outcomes to provide better care to patients.
文摘Dear Editor,Obesity is one of the burning lifestyle-related health problems of the current generation,affecting more than one-third of the global population.Obese individuals face a severe risk of various cancers,particularly concerning colorectal cancer(CRC),which has an extremely low survival rate among affected patients[1].In fact,obesity is linked to 4%–8%of global cancer cases,and obese cancer patients face a 17%higher risk of mortality[2].A recent report examined the relationship between obesity and four obesity-related cancers,namely cancers of the colon,rectum,pancreas,and kidney[2].The study analyzed cancer incidence data from 42 countries and found positive correlation coefficients of 0.27 and 0.33 for colon cancer and rectal cancer,respectively[2].Obesity-related CRC is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation,which may promote the progression of colorectal neoplasia through the inflammation–dysplasia–tumor sequence,particularly in early-onset cases.[3].
文摘Dear Editor,This Letter to the Editor is being written to respond to the article by Yao et al.(2025),which explores the role of non-apoptotic regulatory cell death(RCD)pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and their application in molecular prognostication.
基金supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR),wide file no 54/04/2019-HUM/BMS(IRIS No.-IRIS Cell No–2019-0441)to Dr.Ravikanth Vishnubhotla(Principal Investigator)and Dr.Pradeep Rebala.Dr.Sanjeev M.Patil(Co-Investigators)
文摘Background:Chemotherapy is the mainstay to treat metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC).However,a sizeable proportion of patients do not respond to treatment,which leads to the recurrence of disease.This study was carried out to identify reliable gene expression-based marker(s)to predict the response to chemotherapy and the risk of recurrence.Methods:This prospective study involved the collection of tumor tissues(n=100)and normal tissues(n=10)from CRC patients who primarily underwent surgical treatment.Global gene expression profiles were generated on microarray(Affymetrix;n=5)and the next-generation sequencing(NGS)(Illumina;n=20)platforms.Patients were classified as responders(n=13;complete response with no relapse)or non-responders(n=12;recurrence of disease leading to death).Common dysregulated genes identified from both platforms were replicated in an independent set(n=75;quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR)).The area under the curve(AUC)was generated,and a combinatorial analysis was performed.Results:A total of 193 and 1351 genes were dysregulated in microarray and NGS datasets,respectively.Of the top common genes(PTGIS,LYVE1,C3,C7,CXCL12,CEACAM6,MUC13,and ST14)that were selected for replication,upregulation of five genes(PTGIS,C3,C7,LYVE1,and CXCL12)were associated with the non-responder group in validation set.Combinatorial analysis and comparison of AUC identified a significant increase(p=0.03)in AUC by 15.2%(95%confidence interval(CI):0.01-0.29)for two genes(PTGIS and LYVE1).Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)were88.9%,100%,100%,and 95.6%,respectively.Conclusion:Assessing upregulation of the PTGIS and LYVE1 genes enables identification of individuals who may not respond to adjuvant chemotherapy and the risk of recurrence.The addition of drugs targeting these genes may improve response and benefit the patients.
基金supported by the grants from the Pasteur Institute of Iran(Grant No.#592)the Tracheal Diseases Research Center,NRITLD of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
文摘Background:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small noncoding molecules that play critical roles in cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion,and metastasis,and they can target multiple genes at the mRNA level.Materials and methods:Some online tools like TargetScan,miRDIP,miRmap,and miRanda were used to evaluate the validated target genes.Before choosing target genes,we took advantage of some bioinformatics tools including STRING,Gene MANIA,and TRED to predict the target genes.Finally,the expression levels of the target genes were measured in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)tumor and their adjacent normal tissues via SYBR Green-based quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Results:According to bioinformatics tools,BCL2 and AKT3 were selected as target genes for miR-15/16,and BCL2 was shown to demonstrate a robust negative correlation with miR-15a in our previous analysis of NSCLC tumor samples.Furthermore,we found a significant correlation between BCL2 expression level and stageⅢ(p=0.04).PTEN was assumed as a validated target gene of miR-21 that presented a significant decrease in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues.IRS1 was assigned as a target gene of miR-126/miR-128,and finally,HIF1A was selected as the target gene of miR-210.There was a significant negative association between IRS1 expression level and miR-126/miR-128,but a positive correlation was demonstrated between miR-210 and HIF1A at mRNA level.Conclusion:Restoration of miR-15/16,miR-126,and miR-128 in NSCLC might be therapeutic candidates to control cell proliferation and apoptosis.
基金supported by the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(B2022093)
文摘Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effects of graded motor imagery(GMI)on fear of movement,pain,and rehabilitation in patients with kinesiophobia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for lung cancer.Methods:Fifty-eight participants with kinesiophobia after VATS were randomly assigned into two groups:one receiving usual care(the control group)and the other receiving usual care plus GMI(the GMI group).The GMI was delivered in three stages:left/right limb identification,motor imagery,and mirror therapy delivered by two researchers every afternoon starting on the first postoperative day,once a day for about 40 min,at least twice.Level of fear of movement,pain-related patient-reported outcomes(PROs),rehabilitation exercise participation,and peak expiratory flow(PEF)were compared between the two groups.Results:Twenty-seven eligible participants were included in the GMI group and 29 in the control group.Compared to the reports on the first postoperative day,the participants who received GMI reported at discharge significant reductions in kinesiophobia,intensity of worst pain and least pain,and interference of pain with activities and emotions,and increases in rehabilitation exercise participation and PEF than those in the control group(p<0.05).An unexpected finding was a reduced surgery-to-discharge interval in the patients who received GMI(almost a day earlier than those in the control group).Conclusion:GMI can reduce fear of movement,improve pain-related PROs,and increase rehabilitation exercise participation and PEF for lung cancer patients with kinesiophobia after VATS.The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR2300072612).
文摘Objective:There is a paucity of real-world evidence in the Indian context to address the outcome of primary brain tumors(PBTs)in children.This study aimed to describe the demographic profile,clinical characteristics,and histological features of PBTs based on the 2016 World Health Organization classification,assess the efficacy of treatment methods,and identify the factors that influence the outcome.Methodology:This is a single-institution,hospital-based study.Data were collected for pediatric patients aged 0−19 years,from September 2001 to May 2023(22 years),who were diagnosed with malignant PBTs.Patients with radiologically or histologically proven tumors were included.Those with metastatic disease to the central nervous system were excluded.The overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.Results:A total of 251 patients with pediatric brain tumors were included in this analysis.The mean age was 9.10±5.54 years.The male-to-female ratio was 1.20:1.In this cohort,the most common histologies were medulloblastoma and astrocytoma.The mean survival of all patients with PBTs was 141.00±7.90 months with 1-,3-,and 8-year OS rates of 79.00%,67.00%,and 60.00%,respectively.Medulloblastoma had 1-,3-,and 8-year OS rates of 81.00%,72.00%,and 65.00%,respectively.The 1-year OS rates for glioblastoma and brainstem glioma were 46.00%and 45.00%,respectively.Complete tumoral resection showed longer survival than lesser degrees of resection(p=0.001).Embryonal tumors(ETs)had a better RFS of 133.60±12.70 months(p≤0.001).Conclusion:ETs have a better prognosis than glial tumors.With an improved OS,the surgical resection extent has a favorable outcome.As a chemosensitive tumor,medulloblastoma benefits most from systemic treatment and responds well to a multimodal approach.
文摘Aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal symptoms(AIMSS),especially joint pain,have been widely reported in postmenopausal women undergoing endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and are a major cause of treatment termination.Aerobic exercise has emerged as a promising nonpharmacological intervention to counteract AIMSS in this population.This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on aromatase inhibitor-induced worst joint pain in postmenopausal breast cancer.A systematic literature search was performed using ClinicalTrials.gov,PubMed,and the Cochrane Library that yielded 1415 records.Studies comparing the effect of aerobic exercise with usual care on the worst joint pain through brief pain inventory(BPI)scoring in postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy were included.For each group,the mean change from baseline and standard deviation(SD)of worst joint pain(BPI score)were calculated.Mean differences(MDs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were pooled using a random-effects model.Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity based on exercise intervention.Three randomized controlled trials(n=297)were included.Pooled analysis showed no significant overall effect of exercise compared with control(standardized mean difference[SMD]=−0.16;95%CI[−1.45,1.14];p=0.65;I^(2)=74%).Subgroup analysis indicated a significant difference by exercise type(p=0.003),suggesting exercise modality influenced outcomes.Aerobic exercise,evaluated in two RCTs,significantly reduced worst joint pain(SMD=−0.41;95%CI[−0.50,−0.32];p=0.01;I^(2)=0%),indicating consistent benefit across studies.In contrast,the single study assessing Nordic walking showed no significant improvement(SMD=0.56;95%CI[−0.08,1.19];p=0.08).Risk-of-bias assessment revealed variability across studies,with one trial rated low risk,one with some concerns,and one at high risk,which may partly explain the observed heterogeneity(I^(2)=74%).Aerobic exercise interventions did not show an overall significant effect on the worst joint pain.However,subgroup analysis revealed that multi-component aerobic exercise programs were associated with significant pain reduction,while the study with only Nordic walking intervention was not.Considering the clinical burden of aromatase inhibitorinduced musculoskeletal symptoms,aerobic exercise can be a potentially useful non-pharmacologic adjunct to endocrine therapy.However,given the variation in the assessed risk of bias among the included studies,these outcomes should be interpreted with due caution.To confirm these results and determine the optimal exercise type and duration for managing aromatase inhibitor–associated musculoskeletal symptoms in breast cancer survivors,further large-scale trials are necessary.
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess clinical characteristics and survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who were treated with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and 21-h infusional 5-fluorouracil(5-FU).Methods:This study was a prospective,observational study at a medical center in Western Iran.The clinical and survival data from 25 patients treated with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and 21-h infusional 5-FU at our center were prospectively assessed.Patients received chemotherapy consisting of cycles of continuous infusion of 5-FU(650 mg/m^(2))for 21 h on Days 1,2,3,and 4.Gemcitabine was administered at a dose of 1 g/m^(2)on Days 1 and 8,and cisplatin was administered at a dose of 60 mg/m^(2)on Day 1,with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)support.Each cycle was repeated every 21 days for 5−6 cycles.Results:A total of 25 patients with an age range of 39−73 years were studied.One out of the two patients with stageⅡcancer survived for more than 43 months.Four out of the 14 patients with stageⅢcancer survived for more than 15 months.Seventeen patients died,and eight subjects were alive at the end of the study.The mean and median of overall survival(OS)rates for the 25 patients were 20 and 12 months,respectively.The median progression-free survival(PFS)was 6 months.Conclusion:It seems that the triple therapy with gemcitabine,cisplatin,and infusional 5-FU afforded significant PFS and OS benefits in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
基金funded by the National University Health System(NUHS)Allied Health and Nursing Grant(NR17MRF1990M)
文摘Objective:Weight loss in colorectal cancer(CRC)surgical patients is widespread and often associated with increased morbidity and mortality.This study aimed to determine whether pre-surgery nutrition intervention in CRC patients can reduce post-surgery weight loss and improve nutritional status and quality of life(Qo L).Methods:Sixty CRC patients undergoing elective surgery from November2018 to February 2021 were recruited.They were compared to a control group of 60 CRC patients extracted retrospectively from 2014.The intervention group received pre-surgery nutrition counselling and was followed up at 1,2,and 3 months after surgery,where their weights were taken and nutritional status was assessed using Subjective Global Assessment(SGA).Health-related Qo L was assessed using the 3-level Euro-Quality of Life5 Domain(EQ-5D-3L)questionnaire before surgery and at 3 months after surgery.The control group did not receive pre-surgery nutrition counselling.Results:At 3 months after surgery,the intervention group lost significantly less weight compared to the control group(p<0.001).Similar significant results were observed at 1 and 2 months after surgery(p<0.001).Fifty-two patients(91%)in the control group lost weight compared to 31 patients(53%)in the intervention group at 3 months after surgery(p<0.001).Within the intervention group,the post-surgery Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale improved significantly from baseline(80%versus 75%,p=0.043).The SGA score at 3 months after surgery was similar to that of baseline(p=0.109).Conclusion:Pre-surgery nutrition intervention in patients with CRC and elective surgery has resulted in a significant reduction in post-surgery weight loss,improvement in Qo L,and maintenance of nutritional status.
文摘Background: Tumor cavitation and pneumothorax are uncommon yetserious complications of antiangiogenic therapies. These risks are particularlysignificant in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Axitinib, a selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors(VEGFRs), is generally used as a second-line treatment for mRCC. However,rare cases of lung metastases with cavitary lesions and pneumothoraxhave been reported after the use of axitinib. Therefore, we decided to reportone of these rare cases.Case presentation: A 46-year-old male with mRCC developed pleuralcavitations and secondary pneumothorax after starting axitinib therapy.Despite intensive management, his condition worsened with recurrentpneumothorax, ultimately leading to sepsis and multiorgan failure.Conclusion: This case underscores the potential risks of tumor cavitationinducedpneumothorax in patients receiving axitinib. Close radiologicalmonitoring and timely intervention are essential for reducing morbidity andmortality in such cases. Clinicians should remain vigilant for this rare butserious complication during axitinib therapy.
基金supported by the Qiantang Scholars Fund in Hangzhou City University(No.210000-581835)
文摘As a pivotal micro RNA(mi RNA),miR-4284 exhibits noteworthy aberrant expression levels across various cancers and diseases,exerting a crucial role in modulating cancer progression and prognosis.This article endeavors to comprehensively elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of miR-4284 in cancer,delving deeply into its impact on tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis by intervening in key signaling pathways such as p65,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).Moreover,this article examines the potential associations of miR-4284 with diverse current therapeutic strategies,such as cancer prediction models,synergistic effects of chemotherapeutic agents,mechanisms of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technology,and enhancement of radiotherapy.However,despite the significant strides made in miR-4284 research,certain limitations persist.Looking ahead,we anticipate that larger-scale and more in-depth studies will further unveil the functional mechanisms of miR-4284 and elucidate its role in therapeutic drug efficacy,thus furnishing robust theoretical underpinnings for the clinical application of miR-4284.
文摘Background:Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality globally.Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising treatment modality that directly destroys cancer cells and induces an immune response against them.Among natural oncolytic viruses,Newcastle disease virus(NDV)has shown selective tumor cell infection.Materials and methods:In this study,we investigated the efficacy of variable doses of NDV and cyclophosphamide on 4T1 cancer cell line and BALB/c mouse tumors for the first time.Results:Compared with the control group,the combination treatment group with NDV and cyclophosphamide showed a significant increase in the expression levels of P21,P27,and P53 genes by 38%,46%,and 81%,respectively(p<0.05).In contrast,the expression levels of CD34,integrinα5,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR)genes significantly decreased by 47%,45%,42%,and 23%,respectively(p<0.05).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation assay evaluated with 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)staining showed a significant increase in ROS levels within 4T1 cells treated with NDV compared with the untreated group after 24 h(p<0.01).Furthermore,Annexin V/propidium iodide(PI)double staining analysis showed that the proportion of apoptotic cells in the NDV-treated group decreased by 0.61%and 1.63%after 6 h and 12 h,respectively(p<0.05).After 12 days,tumor volume in the NDV-treated groups decreased by 72%-87%compared with a 48%increase in the control group,reflecting a net reduction in tumor volume relative to the control group(p<0.001).Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that NDV in combination with chemotherapy drugs may be a promising therapeutic option for cancer patients.However,several other factors need to be considered.These results indicate that NDV may have potential effects on cancer treatment.
基金supported by the Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2024-2-2066)the Beijing Hospitals Authority“sailing”Program(YGLX202323)+4 种基金the Beijing Nova Program(grant number 20220484222)the Coordinated Innovation of Scientific and Technological in Beijing-TianjinHebei Region(grant number Z231100003923008)the Beijing Hospitals Authority's Ascent Plan(grant number DFL20220603)the Project of The Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine(grant number PXM2018_014226_000013)the High-level Public Health Technical Talent Construction Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission(Leading Talent-02-01)
文摘Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide.Chemotherapeutic and targeted agents,as important adjuvant therapy for breast cancer,can also cause cardiotoxicity,leading to cardiac dysfunction.It is essential to recognize cardiotoxicity early,cease drug exposure when appropriate,and initiate heart failure therapy.Currently,echocardiography is routinely used to monitor cardiac function during treatment.However,normal left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)measured by echocardiography cannot exclude cardiotoxicity.Therefore,more sensitive cardiac monitoring tools are needed.Optical pumped magnetometer-magnetocardiography(OPM-MCG)has been proved to be a noninvasive and effective means to detect and monitor myocardial injury.Case description:In this case,we presented a patient diagnosed with early breast cancer with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)overexpression,following adjuvant therapy with paclitaxel liposomes,trastuzumab,and pertuzumab.Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFr EF)occurred after five cycles of anti-HER2 therapy,which improved with chronic heart failure(CHF)treatment.The MCG scan of this patient was significantly abnormal when she developed symptomatic HFr EF,which improved gradually during CHF treatment.Conclusion:The patient's heart failure was most likely caused by HER2-targeted agents,which was reversible and could be improved with the administration of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor(ARNi)and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor(SGLT2i).In the future,OPMMCG may act as a safe,accurate,and efficient evaluation tool for cardiotoxicity monitoring to detect early myocardial injury in cancer patients.
文摘Backgound:The combination of osimertinib and savolitinib as second-line treatment after epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI)resistance can significantly improve median progression-free survival(mPFS),objective response rate(ORR),and duration of remission(DOR).The combination therapy is safe and controllable,with no new safety signals or unexpected toxicity.However,the mechanism of drug resistance for tumor progression after dual-targeted therapy is currently unclear,and there is no clinical data reference for treatment after drug resistance.This case suggests some treatment options for lung adenocarcinoma patient after dual-targeted therapy with osimertinib and savolitinib.Case presentation:A patient with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma developed mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor(MET)amplification-related resistance after first-line almonertinib.Subsequent sequential regimens—osimertinib plus savolitinib,chemo-immuno-antiangiogenesis therapy,and finally furmonertinib plus capmatinib—each yielded transient benefit.Results:The report shows that the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy,as well as the dual-targeted therapy of firmonertinib and capmatinib,prolonged the overall survival of the patient.Conclusions:This case suggests some treatment options for lung adenocarcinoma patient after dual-targeted therapy with osimertinib and savolitinib.The results indicated that traditional treatment or the combination of MET-TKI with another targeted therapy may improve the prognosis of patients.
文摘Objective:Maintenance treatment with rituximab has been used in some nodal lymphomas,such as follicular and diffuse large cell lymphoma.The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of extra nodal lymphoma patients under maintenance treatment.Materials and methods:From July 2008 to December 2017,after induction treatment in patients with extra nodal lymphoma,if the patients consented and the drug was available,they were treated with rituximab every 3 months for 2 years.Results:A total of 112 patients with extra nodal lymphoma met the inclusion criteria.Among them,89 patients had high-grade lymphomas and 23 patients were in the group of low-grade lymphomas.The group of patients with high-grade lymphoma who received the rituximab-containing regimen as a maintenance treatment had lower rates of recurrence and death compared to the group that received rituximab only in the induction phase.In patients with low-grade lymphoma,the recurrence rate and mortality were also lower in the group receiving maintenance treatment compared to other groups,but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:The use of rituximab in patients with extra nodal lymphoma as maintenance can increase the survival of the patients.
