In recent years,the field of clinical laboratory medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements,driven by technological innovations,interdisciplinary research,and the growing demand for precision diagnostics.As Co-Edi...In recent years,the field of clinical laboratory medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements,driven by technological innovations,interdisciplinary research,and the growing demand for precision diagnostics.As Co-Editor-in-Chief,I ampleased to introduce LabMed Discovery(LMD),a new open-access,peer-reviewed journal dedicated to facilitating scholarly communication and fostering innovation in laboratory medicine,in vitro diagnostics,and emerging diagnostic technologies.展开更多
Since the early 20^(th)century,viral infections such as SARS,dengue fever,AIDS,Ebola,influenza and herpes have been among the most common causes of illness and death worldwide.These viruses multiply quickly and lead t...Since the early 20^(th)century,viral infections such as SARS,dengue fever,AIDS,Ebola,influenza and herpes have been among the most common causes of illness and death worldwide.These viruses multiply quickly and lead to epidemics and pandemics.Unfortunately,no drug has been proven to be therapeutically effective in treating or preventing dengue fever.The focus of the review is on computational approaches such as molecular docking and simulation methods to evaluate the stability,inhibition mechanisms and binding interactions of rosmarinic acid(RA)against dengue virus proteins.Based on computational studies,it can be concluded that RA could hinder the spread of dengue virus due to its significant binding and docking affinities with its proteins.Due to its antiinflammatory properties,broad-spectrum antiviral activity,and desirable low-toxicity pharmacokinetic profile,it is also a viable drug for further experimental validation.The review concludes by discussing how to interpret the in silico data,the shortcomings of the computational method,and the need for further experimental validation to fully explore the potential of RA as a treatment option for dengue.展开更多
Depression is a heterogeneous mental illness with substantial personal and societal burdens,yet its diagnosis still relies heavily on subjective assessments.Recent advances in blood-based metabolomics have opened new ...Depression is a heterogeneous mental illness with substantial personal and societal burdens,yet its diagnosis still relies heavily on subjective assessments.Recent advances in blood-based metabolomics have opened new ave-nues for identifying objective biomarkers associated with depressive symptoms.This review highlights key findings from multicenter clinical and translational research that demonstrate reproducible associations between specific plasma metabolites-such as 3-hydroxybutyrate,betaine,citrate,creatinine,and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-and the severity of depressive states.Several metabolites also appear to be linked to distinct symptom domains,including suicidal ideation(SI),a critical risk factor for self-harm.Notably,combinations of citrate and kynurenine have shown potential for SI severity estimation through machine learning models,suggesting a basis for minimally invasive risk stratification.In parallel,rodent models of stress-induced depression reveal consistent alterations in tryptophan and alanine metabolism,providing insight into possible causal mechanisms involving neurotransmitter biosynthesis and intestinal absorption under stress.Personality-based biotyping and artificial intelligence further refine the stratification of depressive phenotypes,offering prospects for more personalized diagnostics.Although methodological standardization and broader validation remain necessary,accumulating evidence supports the clinical utility of blood metabolomics as a complementary tool for early detection,subtype classification,and suicide risk assessment in depression.展开更多
Mitophagy plays a complex role in cancer biology,particularly in hematologic malignancies.It can promote tumor survival and drug resistance by removing damaged mitochondria and reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen s...Mitophagy plays a complex role in cancer biology,particularly in hematologic malignancies.It can promote tumor survival and drug resistance by removing damaged mitochondria and reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROs)or conversely inhibit tumor growth by diminishing cellular energy production.In hema-tologic cancers,mitophagy has dual regulatory effects:moderate mitophagy facilitates the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria and helps regulate ROs levels,supporting tumor cell survival;however,excessive mitophagy leads to a loss of mitochondrial integrity and induces cancer cell death.Given these contrasting ef-fects,therapeutic strategies must be carefully tailored to the specific biological context-either promoting or inhibiting mitophagy depending on the tumor type.In leukemia,lymphoma,and multiple myeloma,studies have demonstrated that modulating mitophagy can enhance therapeutic outcomes.Additionally,mitophagy has been shown to influence immune activation,a process critical for effective cancer treatment.This review synthesizes recent advances in our understanding of mitophagy pathways in hematologic tumors and highlights their role in regulating immune cell function,offering insights into their therapeutic potential.展开更多
Ceftobiprole,a novel fifth-generation cephalosporin,has gained significant attention as an anti-infective therapy because of its broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,as well as its ...Ceftobiprole,a novel fifth-generation cephalosporin,has gained significant attention as an anti-infective therapy because of its broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,as well as its effectiveness against drug-resistant strains.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the chemical structure,mechanism of action,antibacterial spectrum,and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD)characteristics of ceftobiprole,with a focus on its clinical efficacy and safety.We also explore its potential applications in treating infections such as skin and soft tissue infections,respiratory infections,and bloodstream infections and evaluate its effectiveness against drug-resistant pathogens.By summarizing current research and clinical practices,we aim to offer insights into optimizing clinical use and advancing antimicrobial agent development.展开更多
Recent advances in spatial and single-cell omics have significantly revolutionized biomarker discovery in tumor immunotherapy by addressing critical challenges such as tumor heterogeneity,immune evasion,and variabilit...Recent advances in spatial and single-cell omics have significantly revolutionized biomarker discovery in tumor immunotherapy by addressing critical challenges such as tumor heterogeneity,immune evasion,and variability within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Immunotherapeutic strategies,including immune checkpoint in-hibitors and adoptive T-cell transfer,have demonstrated promising clinical outcomes;however,their efficacy is limited by low response rates and the incidence of immune-related adverse events(irAEs).Therefore,the identification of reliable biomarkers is essential for predicting treatment efficacy,minimizing irAEs,and facili-tating patient stratification.Spatial omics integrates molecular profiling with spatial localization,thereby providing comprehensive insights into the cellular organization and functional states within the TME.By elucidating the spatial patterns of immune cell infiltration and tumor heterogeneity,this approach enhances the prediction of therapeutic responses.Similarly,single-cell omics enables high-resolution analysis of cellular heterogeneity by capturing transcriptomic,epigenomic,and metabolic signatures at the single-cell level.The integrated application of spatial and single-cell omics has enabled the identification of previously undetected biomarkers,including rare immune cell subsets implicated in resistance mechanisms.In addition to spatial transcriptomics(ST),this technological landscape also includes spatial proteomics(SP)and spatial metab-olomics,which further facilitate the study of dynamic tumor-immune interactions.Multi-omics integration provides a comprehensive overview of biomarker landscapes,while the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)-based approaches enhances the analysis of complex,multidimensional datasets to ultimately enhance pre-dictive potential and clinical utility.Despite substantial progress,several challenges remain in the context of standardization,data integration,and real-time monitoring.Nevertheless,the incorporation of spatial and single-cell omics into biomarker research holds transformative potential for advancing personalized cancer immuno-therapy.These emerging strategies pave the way for the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic interventions,thereby enabling precision oncology and improving treatment outcomes across a wide range of tumor profiles.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the integration of spatial omics with single-cell omics in the discovery of biomarkers for tumor immunotherapy.Specifically,it examines the strategies by which these emerging technologies address the challenges related to tumor heterogeneity,immune evasion,and the dynamic nature of the TME.By elaborating on the principles,applications,and clinical potential of these technologies,this review also critically evaluates their limitations,challenges,and the current gaps in clinical translation.展开更多
Laboratory medicine is in the midst of a steady but profound digital transformation that are remaking how tests are ordered,performed,and acted upon.Clinicians have long relied on laboratory data for diagnosis,monitor...Laboratory medicine is in the midst of a steady but profound digital transformation that are remaking how tests are ordered,performed,and acted upon.Clinicians have long relied on laboratory data for diagnosis,monitoring,and screening;a commonly cited estimate is that most clinical decisions are influenced by laboratory results,although the precise percentage depends on context and measurement.In addition,in vitro diagnostics(IVDs)are both central to modern patient care and relatively inexpensive compared with downstream interventions.This combination,including high clinical leverage and modest cost makes laboratories a natural focal point for digital innovation aimed at safety,speed,equity,and value.展开更多
Editor’s note This manuscript offers a significant conceptual advance by addressing the long-standing challenge of calcitonin tachyphylaxis through an innovative evolutionary framework.Rather than an incremental find...Editor’s note This manuscript offers a significant conceptual advance by addressing the long-standing challenge of calcitonin tachyphylaxis through an innovative evolutionary framework.Rather than an incremental finding,it reframes the problem by proposing that insights can be drawn from a naturally superior system in fish.It effectively bridges distinct,high-impact fields-evolutionary biology,structural biology,and translational medicine-providing both the“why”and the“how”behind the mechanistic differences.Furthermore,it outlines clear,actionable research strategies,such as designing stableα-helical calcitonin analogs,developing RAMP-agnostic modulators,and using peptides to disrupt the RAMP-CTR interface,which are likely to inspire and direct future experimental and therapeutic efforts.Given its direct relevance to unresolved clinical issues in osteoporosis,Paget s disease,and hypercalcemia,the work is poised to attract immediate interest from clinical endocrinologists and bone biologists.Its integrative and hypothesis-generating nature makes it a key reference in review articles across GPCR biology,evolutionary medicine,and bone therapeutics.展开更多
The authors’meticulous study design is praiseworthy.This randomized,double-blind,controlled trial assessed the efficacy of a vitamin D3 nanoemulsion in comparison to commercially available vitamin D3 formulations.The...The authors’meticulous study design is praiseworthy.This randomized,double-blind,controlled trial assessed the efficacy of a vitamin D3 nanoemulsion in comparison to commercially available vitamin D3 formulations.The study utilized validated assessment instruments,such as the Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS),Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale,and Preschool Language Scale,to ensure an objective evaluation.The findings provide compelling evidence for the superior efficacy of the nanoemulsion.Participants in the nanoemulsion group exhibited significant increases in 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)_(2)D3 levels,along with a reduction in ASD severity and improvements in core symptoms,including social interaction,language,and adaptive behavior.These findings underscore the potential of nanocarriers to address the limitations associated with conventional vitamin D3 supplements,particularly for populations experiencing absorption challenges due to gastrointestinal dysfunction and sensory processing abnormalities,where the oral bioavailability of traditional vitamin D3 formulations is below 50%.Prior research investigating the effects of vitamin D3 on ASD has produced inconsistent outcomes,frequently lacking evidence of significant improvements in core symptoms.This study establishes a connection between improved vitamin D3 bioavailability and observable behavioral enhancements,thereby bridging a crucial gap in translational research.展开更多
Protein C(PC)is an important physiological anticoagulant protein that is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease precursor that is synthesized mainly by the liver and released into the blood.It is activated by the throm...Protein C(PC)is an important physiological anticoagulant protein that is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease precursor that is synthesized mainly by the liver and released into the blood.It is activated by the thrombin/thrombomodulin complex to form activated protein C(APC),which exerts physiological anticoagulant functions by inactivating activated coagulation factors Ⅴ and Ⅷ.1 PC is encoded by the protein C gene(PROC),which is located in the q13-q14 region of chromosome 2 and consists of 9 exons and 8 introns and is approximately 11.2 kb in length.2 Individuals carrying the PROC gene variant have a risk of developing venous thrombosis that is approximately 7 times greater than that of normal individuals.PC deficiency caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous variations in the PROC gene is extremely rare.3 The prevalence rate of protein C deficiency among healthy people in China is approximately 0.29%.4 Here,we report a teenage patient with multiple recurrent deep venous thromboses associated with protein C deficiency caused by compound heterozygous variants that have not been previously reported.展开更多
A Conversation with Prof.Robert Peter Gale,Editor-in-Chief of Leukemia,on Academic Publishing and International Dissemination 1.Editor’s note In February 2025,we are very pleased to interview Professor Robert Peter G...A Conversation with Prof.Robert Peter Gale,Editor-in-Chief of Leukemia,on Academic Publishing and International Dissemination 1.Editor’s note In February 2025,we are very pleased to interview Professor Robert Peter Gale,Editor-in-Chief of Leukemia.Prof.Gale has dedicated to scientific and clinical research on leukemia and other bone marrow disorders over 50 years.In this interview,Prof.Gale shared his views on AI technology and its impact on the development of hematology.展开更多
External quality assessment(EQA)is a cornerstone of laboratory quality management,ensuring the accuracy,comparability,and reliability of test results across institutions.In the Republic of Korea,the Korean Association...External quality assessment(EQA)is a cornerstone of laboratory quality management,ensuring the accuracy,comparability,and reliability of test results across institutions.In the Republic of Korea,the Korean Association of External Quality Assessment Service(KAEQAS)has played a leading role since its inception in 1976,expanding from a small-scale clinical chemistry program to over 90 nationwide schemes across all disciplines.This article reviews the historical evolution,operational framework,and scope of KAEQAS,highlighting its contribution to standardization and accreditation.Current challenges include nonmandatory participation,persistent standardization gaps,the need for more category 1 accuracy-based programs,modernization of data analysis and reporting systems,and the establishment of a specimen bank.Future prospects emphasize policy reform,global harmonization,and technological innovation,positioning KAEQAS to further strengthen laboratory quality both nationally and internationally.展开更多
Objective:Serum amyloid A(SAA)is a protein involved in the acute phase of inflammation.SAA expression is upregulated in humans during the acute phase of various viral infections;in addition,SAA can be a useful biomark...Objective:Serum amyloid A(SAA)is a protein involved in the acute phase of inflammation.SAA expression is upregulated in humans during the acute phase of various viral infections;in addition,SAA can be a useful biomarker to predict the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients.This study aimed to evaluate a new chemiluminescence test for SAA detection.Methods:All serum samples were measured for SAA on a Maglumi 800(Snibe,Shenzhen,China)and compared with a BN ProSpec(Siemens,Munich,Germany)in the routine of the clinical laboratory of the University Hospital of the Tor Vergata University of Rome(Rome,Italy).Analytical precision,the correlation coefficient,and linearity were assessed.Statistical analyses were performed.Results:The linearity test was performed via serial dilutions and revealed a correlation coefficient equivalent to 0.9998.The results of the Snibe SAA test correlated well with those obtained by the SAA Siemens test,with a correlation coefficient of 0.974(P<0.001).The intraand interrun precision,as well as carryover,were assessed.-Conclusions:The results obtained from this study demonstrated that the new Snibe SAA test has reliable analytical performance and good accuracy and could represent a valid tool for routine hospital laboratory analysis.展开更多
1.Editor’s note Clinical laboratory diagnostics stand at a critical juncture.As medicine advances toward personalized therapies and digital integration,the reliability of laboratory results has never been more conseq...1.Editor’s note Clinical laboratory diagnostics stand at a critical juncture.As medicine advances toward personalized therapies and digital integration,the reliability of laboratory results has never been more consequential or more scrutinized.External quality assessment(EQA),once a procedural formality,is now recognized as the bedrock of diagnostic credibility,patient safety,and public health resilience.展开更多
Dear Editor,Nipah virus(NiV)poses a significant threat to global health security due to its high fatality rate and the possibility of human-to-human transmission.1 This zoonotic virus can cause serious effect in both ...Dear Editor,Nipah virus(NiV)poses a significant threat to global health security due to its high fatality rate and the possibility of human-to-human transmission.1 This zoonotic virus can cause serious effect in both animals and humans.2 Although there are currently no approved vaccines or therapeutics for NiV,there have been promising advances in vaccine development in recent years,bringing us one step closer to curbing the impact of this deadly disease.展开更多
Objective:There are limited data on the use of the creation tuberculin skin test(C-TST)for detecting tuberculosis(TB)infection(TBI)in individuals under 18 years of age.We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic acc...Objective:There are limited data on the use of the creation tuberculin skin test(C-TST)for detecting tuberculosis(TB)infection(TBI)in individuals under 18 years of age.We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of C-TST in this population.Methods:A double-blind,randomized controlled trial was conducted across 4 tertiary hospitals in China to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST in detecting TBI in individuals under 18 years of age.Participants with suspected pulmonary TB,extrapulmonary TB,or non-TB pulmonary disease were enrolled.The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST.Secondary outcomes included the consistency among C-TST,the traditional tuberculin skin test(TST),and T-SPOT.TB assays in different subgroups,as well as the safety of C-TST.Each participant underwent all 3 tests simultaneously:T-SPOT.TB assay,TST,and C-TST.Results:C-TST showed a sensitivity of 83.0%(95%CI,68.7%-91.9%),while TST and T-SPOT.TB demonstrated sensitivities of 80.9%(95%CI,66.3%-90.4%)and 76.6%(95%CI,61.6%-87.2%),respectively.The specificities of C-TST,TST,and T-SPOT.TB were 100%(95%CI,91.9%-100%),98.0%(95%CI,87.8%-99.9%),and 100%(95%CI,90.9%-100%),respectively.The consistency between C-TST and T-SPOT.TB was high(kappa=0.847).No serious adverse events(AEs)were reported.展开更多
Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a liver disease of unknown cause characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia,typical or compatible liver histology,the absence of viral hepatitis and the production of autoantibodies.Anti-smoot...Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a liver disease of unknown cause characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia,typical or compatible liver histology,the absence of viral hepatitis and the production of autoantibodies.Anti-smooth muscle antibodies(SMAs)detected with indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)in rodent tissues are not disease specific,whereas antibodies directed to the filamentous form of actin(F-actin)are specifically involved in AIH-1.As solid-phase immunoassays(SPAs)specifically targeting F-actin,such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),have already been included in recent guidelines,in this study,we evaluated the diagnostic per-formance of an immunoblotting SPA for F-actin.We selected 86 samples positive for SMA by IIF(titre≥1:40)and/or for anti-F-actin by ELISA(≥20 units);the patients were divided into 3 groups:AIH-1(n=14),other liver disorders(n=38)and other nonliver-related conditions(n=34).The samples were tested with an immunoblot SPA(European Autoimmune Liver Diseases 9 Ag plus F-actin,Euroimmun,Germany);the qualitative results were converted into numeric intensity values via EurolineScan software.Immunoblotting revealed 16 positive samples(19%),and ELISA revealed 24(28%);among them,7/16(44%)and 11/24(46%)had AIH-1.The diagnostic performance metrics were as follows:sensitivity(50%);specificity(87.5%);positive predictive value(PPV),43.8%;negative predictive value(NPV),90%;and accuracy(81.4%)and equal to those of ELISA.The mean values were greater in the AIH-1 group;the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)had an area under curve(AUC)of 0.77 and was not different from that of the ELISA(0.82);the agreement was 81.4%,with a Cohens kappa of 0.49.Immunoblotting might be a reliable assay for the identification of anti-F-actin antibodies,and given its high specificity,its implementation in a clinical laboratory might confirm the specific diagnosis of AIH-1 in patients with IIF-detected SMA.展开更多
The study investigates the interaction between the human epidermal growth receptor 2(HER2)and amygdalin,a compound found in peaches,almonds,and apples.To assess the potential of amygdalin,the interaction between HER2 ...The study investigates the interaction between the human epidermal growth receptor 2(HER2)and amygdalin,a compound found in peaches,almonds,and apples.To assess the potential of amygdalin,the interaction between HER2 and amygdalin was explored using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations.Binding energies were evaluated for both the crystal and equilibrated HER2 structures.The effects of water on binding were also assessed.Molecular dynamics simulations analyzed structural changes in HER2,including interdomain distances,hydrogen bond fluctuations,dihedral angle shifts,and residue-residue distances at the dimerization arm.The free energy landscape was constructed to evaluate stability.Binding energies of−33.472kJ/mol and−36.651±0.867kJ/mol were observed for the crystal and equilibrated HER2 structures,respectively,with water further enhancing binding to−41.212,4±1.272,7 and−53.513±1.452,3kJ/mol.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed significant conformational changes in HER2,including a reduction in interdomain distance,fluctuations in hydrogen bond lengths,and a shift in dihedral angles from 60°to−30°.The residue-residue distance at the dimerization arm decreased,indicating conformational changes upon binding.The free energy landscape showed a deeper and more defined minimum in the bound state,reflecting enhanced stability.These findings highlight amygdalin’s potential as a therapeutic agent targeting HER2.展开更多
India’s race,religion,and caste are quite diverse.Even within the same nation,regional variations exist in the ABO blood type and the Rh system.The current research examined the relationship between diseases and the ...India’s race,religion,and caste are quite diverse.Even within the same nation,regional variations exist in the ABO blood type and the Rh system.The current research examined the relationship between diseases and the ABO blood type among Nagaland’s Chakhesang ethnic communities.This research considered the population of sick people with ABO blood types.One hundred persons,including men and women from the Chakhesang tribe,served as research respondents.The Chakhesang Naga tribe was selected for this study because of the documented higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus within this group compared to the broader regional population.The study also aimed to explore a possible association between these health conditions and blood type A.The ABD antisera typing Kit’s standard methodology was followed for blood group testing.S2 ABO software was used to compute the Hardy-Weinberg model,and the chi-square test was used to compare the results.In this research,we discovered that blood type A was more likely to develop hypertension and diabetes than blood types B and O(blood type A,X^(2)=16.3,P=0.00*;blood type B,X^(2)=18,P=0.00*;blood type O,X^(2)=0.085,P=0.87).This might imply that blood type A may be genetically predisposed to diabetes and hypertension more than other blood types.Our research shows that,compared to healthy individuals,the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was much higher in the general population.The Chakhesang Naga tribe has the highest prevalence of blood type B,while those with blood type A are the most afflicted and sensitive to hypertension and diabetes.A key limitation of the study is that the findings are based on a specific population and may not be generalizable.Larger and more diverse cohorts are needed to evaluate their broader applicability.展开更多
Objective:Carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),which is traditionally used in ovarian cancer diagnostics,is increasingly recognized as a marker of congestion and inflammation in heart failure(HF).This study compared the an...Objective:Carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),which is traditionally used in ovarian cancer diagnostics,is increasingly recognized as a marker of congestion and inflammation in heart failure(HF).This study compared the analytical performance of N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol(ABEI)-based CA125 and N-terminal pro-Btype natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)assays on the Maglumi®X6 analyzer with that of the Roche Cobas e602 system and explored the relationship of CA125 with biomarkers of adverse remodeling in HF with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).-Methods:Imprecision testing and method comparison were performed on matched serum samples from 108 HFrEF patients.CA125 concentrations were evaluated in relation to the New York Heart Association(NYHA)class,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),galectin-3,and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2(sST2)levels.Prognostic value was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using the 35 U/mL threshold.Results:The ABEI based CA125 assay showed low imprecision[coefficient of variation(CV)≤4.5%]and strong agreement with the Cobas e602 assay(R=0.97,slope=1.06,P<0.001).CA125 levels increased progressively with NYHA class(P=0.02),correlated negatively with LVEF(R=-0.38,P<0.001)and positively with galectin-3(R=0.21,P=0.03)and sST2(R=0.57,P<0.001).Elevated CA125 levels(≥35 U/mL)were associated with significantly increased cardiovascular mortality(P<0.001).Conclusions:ABEI-based CA125 measurement provides an analytical performance comparable to that of Cobas e602.In HFrEF,CA125 is correlated with clinical severity,fibrosis/inflammation biomarkers,and prognosis.Its integration into multimarker strategies,particularly alongside NT-proBNP and sST2,may enhance risk stratification and therapeutic monitoring,including the response to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitor therapy.展开更多
文摘In recent years,the field of clinical laboratory medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements,driven by technological innovations,interdisciplinary research,and the growing demand for precision diagnostics.As Co-Editor-in-Chief,I ampleased to introduce LabMed Discovery(LMD),a new open-access,peer-reviewed journal dedicated to facilitating scholarly communication and fostering innovation in laboratory medicine,in vitro diagnostics,and emerging diagnostic technologies.
文摘Since the early 20^(th)century,viral infections such as SARS,dengue fever,AIDS,Ebola,influenza and herpes have been among the most common causes of illness and death worldwide.These viruses multiply quickly and lead to epidemics and pandemics.Unfortunately,no drug has been proven to be therapeutically effective in treating or preventing dengue fever.The focus of the review is on computational approaches such as molecular docking and simulation methods to evaluate the stability,inhibition mechanisms and binding interactions of rosmarinic acid(RA)against dengue virus proteins.Based on computational studies,it can be concluded that RA could hinder the spread of dengue virus due to its significant binding and docking affinities with its proteins.Due to its antiinflammatory properties,broad-spectrum antiviral activity,and desirable low-toxicity pharmacokinetic profile,it is also a viable drug for further experimental validation.The review concludes by discussing how to interpret the in silico data,the shortcomings of the computational method,and the need for further experimental validation to fully explore the potential of RA as a treatment option for dengue.
文摘Depression is a heterogeneous mental illness with substantial personal and societal burdens,yet its diagnosis still relies heavily on subjective assessments.Recent advances in blood-based metabolomics have opened new ave-nues for identifying objective biomarkers associated with depressive symptoms.This review highlights key findings from multicenter clinical and translational research that demonstrate reproducible associations between specific plasma metabolites-such as 3-hydroxybutyrate,betaine,citrate,creatinine,and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-and the severity of depressive states.Several metabolites also appear to be linked to distinct symptom domains,including suicidal ideation(SI),a critical risk factor for self-harm.Notably,combinations of citrate and kynurenine have shown potential for SI severity estimation through machine learning models,suggesting a basis for minimally invasive risk stratification.In parallel,rodent models of stress-induced depression reveal consistent alterations in tryptophan and alanine metabolism,providing insight into possible causal mechanisms involving neurotransmitter biosynthesis and intestinal absorption under stress.Personality-based biotyping and artificial intelligence further refine the stratification of depressive phenotypes,offering prospects for more personalized diagnostics.Although methodological standardization and broader validation remain necessary,accumulating evidence supports the clinical utility of blood metabolomics as a complementary tool for early detection,subtype classification,and suicide risk assessment in depression.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81600151,81302039 and 82060040).
文摘Mitophagy plays a complex role in cancer biology,particularly in hematologic malignancies.It can promote tumor survival and drug resistance by removing damaged mitochondria and reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROs)or conversely inhibit tumor growth by diminishing cellular energy production.In hema-tologic cancers,mitophagy has dual regulatory effects:moderate mitophagy facilitates the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria and helps regulate ROs levels,supporting tumor cell survival;however,excessive mitophagy leads to a loss of mitochondrial integrity and induces cancer cell death.Given these contrasting ef-fects,therapeutic strategies must be carefully tailored to the specific biological context-either promoting or inhibiting mitophagy depending on the tumor type.In leukemia,lymphoma,and multiple myeloma,studies have demonstrated that modulating mitophagy can enhance therapeutic outcomes.Additionally,mitophagy has been shown to influence immune activation,a process critical for effective cancer treatment.This review synthesizes recent advances in our understanding of mitophagy pathways in hematologic tumors and highlights their role in regulating immune cell function,offering insights into their therapeutic potential.
基金supported by funding from the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(grant number:2024ZD0529005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82230080)+1 种基金Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine(No.2023B110008)Clinical Research Project of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University(No.2023CR015).
文摘Ceftobiprole,a novel fifth-generation cephalosporin,has gained significant attention as an anti-infective therapy because of its broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,as well as its effectiveness against drug-resistant strains.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the chemical structure,mechanism of action,antibacterial spectrum,and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD)characteristics of ceftobiprole,with a focus on its clinical efficacy and safety.We also explore its potential applications in treating infections such as skin and soft tissue infections,respiratory infections,and bloodstream infections and evaluate its effectiveness against drug-resistant pathogens.By summarizing current research and clinical practices,we aim to offer insights into optimizing clinical use and advancing antimicrobial agent development.
基金support from Hangzhou Institute of Medicine,China(No.2024ZZBS11)Chinese Academy of Sciences,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M763331)+1 种基金National Oncology Clinical Key Specialty of China(No.2023-GJZK-001)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQN25H160009).
文摘Recent advances in spatial and single-cell omics have significantly revolutionized biomarker discovery in tumor immunotherapy by addressing critical challenges such as tumor heterogeneity,immune evasion,and variability within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Immunotherapeutic strategies,including immune checkpoint in-hibitors and adoptive T-cell transfer,have demonstrated promising clinical outcomes;however,their efficacy is limited by low response rates and the incidence of immune-related adverse events(irAEs).Therefore,the identification of reliable biomarkers is essential for predicting treatment efficacy,minimizing irAEs,and facili-tating patient stratification.Spatial omics integrates molecular profiling with spatial localization,thereby providing comprehensive insights into the cellular organization and functional states within the TME.By elucidating the spatial patterns of immune cell infiltration and tumor heterogeneity,this approach enhances the prediction of therapeutic responses.Similarly,single-cell omics enables high-resolution analysis of cellular heterogeneity by capturing transcriptomic,epigenomic,and metabolic signatures at the single-cell level.The integrated application of spatial and single-cell omics has enabled the identification of previously undetected biomarkers,including rare immune cell subsets implicated in resistance mechanisms.In addition to spatial transcriptomics(ST),this technological landscape also includes spatial proteomics(SP)and spatial metab-olomics,which further facilitate the study of dynamic tumor-immune interactions.Multi-omics integration provides a comprehensive overview of biomarker landscapes,while the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)-based approaches enhances the analysis of complex,multidimensional datasets to ultimately enhance pre-dictive potential and clinical utility.Despite substantial progress,several challenges remain in the context of standardization,data integration,and real-time monitoring.Nevertheless,the incorporation of spatial and single-cell omics into biomarker research holds transformative potential for advancing personalized cancer immuno-therapy.These emerging strategies pave the way for the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic interventions,thereby enabling precision oncology and improving treatment outcomes across a wide range of tumor profiles.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the integration of spatial omics with single-cell omics in the discovery of biomarkers for tumor immunotherapy.Specifically,it examines the strategies by which these emerging technologies address the challenges related to tumor heterogeneity,immune evasion,and the dynamic nature of the TME.By elaborating on the principles,applications,and clinical potential of these technologies,this review also critically evaluates their limitations,challenges,and the current gaps in clinical translation.
文摘Laboratory medicine is in the midst of a steady but profound digital transformation that are remaking how tests are ordered,performed,and acted upon.Clinicians have long relied on laboratory data for diagnosis,monitoring,and screening;a commonly cited estimate is that most clinical decisions are influenced by laboratory results,although the precise percentage depends on context and measurement.In addition,in vitro diagnostics(IVDs)are both central to modern patient care and relatively inexpensive compared with downstream interventions.This combination,including high clinical leverage and modest cost makes laboratories a natural focal point for digital innovation aimed at safety,speed,equity,and value.
文摘Editor’s note This manuscript offers a significant conceptual advance by addressing the long-standing challenge of calcitonin tachyphylaxis through an innovative evolutionary framework.Rather than an incremental finding,it reframes the problem by proposing that insights can be drawn from a naturally superior system in fish.It effectively bridges distinct,high-impact fields-evolutionary biology,structural biology,and translational medicine-providing both the“why”and the“how”behind the mechanistic differences.Furthermore,it outlines clear,actionable research strategies,such as designing stableα-helical calcitonin analogs,developing RAMP-agnostic modulators,and using peptides to disrupt the RAMP-CTR interface,which are likely to inspire and direct future experimental and therapeutic efforts.Given its direct relevance to unresolved clinical issues in osteoporosis,Paget s disease,and hypercalcemia,the work is poised to attract immediate interest from clinical endocrinologists and bone biologists.Its integrative and hypothesis-generating nature makes it a key reference in review articles across GPCR biology,evolutionary medicine,and bone therapeutics.
文摘The authors’meticulous study design is praiseworthy.This randomized,double-blind,controlled trial assessed the efficacy of a vitamin D3 nanoemulsion in comparison to commercially available vitamin D3 formulations.The study utilized validated assessment instruments,such as the Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS),Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale,and Preschool Language Scale,to ensure an objective evaluation.The findings provide compelling evidence for the superior efficacy of the nanoemulsion.Participants in the nanoemulsion group exhibited significant increases in 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)_(2)D3 levels,along with a reduction in ASD severity and improvements in core symptoms,including social interaction,language,and adaptive behavior.These findings underscore the potential of nanocarriers to address the limitations associated with conventional vitamin D3 supplements,particularly for populations experiencing absorption challenges due to gastrointestinal dysfunction and sensory processing abnormalities,where the oral bioavailability of traditional vitamin D3 formulations is below 50%.Prior research investigating the effects of vitamin D3 on ASD has produced inconsistent outcomes,frequently lacking evidence of significant improvements in core symptoms.This study establishes a connection between improved vitamin D3 bioavailability and observable behavioral enhancements,thereby bridging a crucial gap in translational research.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82300492)the Scientific Research Project of Health Commission in Shanxi Province,China(Nos.2023XG009 and 2023RC008)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732154)the Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2023-181)the Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province,China(No.20230054).
文摘Protein C(PC)is an important physiological anticoagulant protein that is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease precursor that is synthesized mainly by the liver and released into the blood.It is activated by the thrombin/thrombomodulin complex to form activated protein C(APC),which exerts physiological anticoagulant functions by inactivating activated coagulation factors Ⅴ and Ⅷ.1 PC is encoded by the protein C gene(PROC),which is located in the q13-q14 region of chromosome 2 and consists of 9 exons and 8 introns and is approximately 11.2 kb in length.2 Individuals carrying the PROC gene variant have a risk of developing venous thrombosis that is approximately 7 times greater than that of normal individuals.PC deficiency caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous variations in the PROC gene is extremely rare.3 The prevalence rate of protein C deficiency among healthy people in China is approximately 0.29%.4 Here,we report a teenage patient with multiple recurrent deep venous thromboses associated with protein C deficiency caused by compound heterozygous variants that have not been previously reported.
文摘A Conversation with Prof.Robert Peter Gale,Editor-in-Chief of Leukemia,on Academic Publishing and International Dissemination 1.Editor’s note In February 2025,we are very pleased to interview Professor Robert Peter Gale,Editor-in-Chief of Leukemia.Prof.Gale has dedicated to scientific and clinical research on leukemia and other bone marrow disorders over 50 years.In this interview,Prof.Gale shared his views on AI technology and its impact on the development of hematology.
文摘External quality assessment(EQA)is a cornerstone of laboratory quality management,ensuring the accuracy,comparability,and reliability of test results across institutions.In the Republic of Korea,the Korean Association of External Quality Assessment Service(KAEQAS)has played a leading role since its inception in 1976,expanding from a small-scale clinical chemistry program to over 90 nationwide schemes across all disciplines.This article reviews the historical evolution,operational framework,and scope of KAEQAS,highlighting its contribution to standardization and accreditation.Current challenges include nonmandatory participation,persistent standardization gaps,the need for more category 1 accuracy-based programs,modernization of data analysis and reporting systems,and the establishment of a specimen bank.Future prospects emphasize policy reform,global harmonization,and technological innovation,positioning KAEQAS to further strengthen laboratory quality both nationally and internationally.
文摘Objective:Serum amyloid A(SAA)is a protein involved in the acute phase of inflammation.SAA expression is upregulated in humans during the acute phase of various viral infections;in addition,SAA can be a useful biomarker to predict the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients.This study aimed to evaluate a new chemiluminescence test for SAA detection.Methods:All serum samples were measured for SAA on a Maglumi 800(Snibe,Shenzhen,China)and compared with a BN ProSpec(Siemens,Munich,Germany)in the routine of the clinical laboratory of the University Hospital of the Tor Vergata University of Rome(Rome,Italy).Analytical precision,the correlation coefficient,and linearity were assessed.Statistical analyses were performed.Results:The linearity test was performed via serial dilutions and revealed a correlation coefficient equivalent to 0.9998.The results of the Snibe SAA test correlated well with those obtained by the SAA Siemens test,with a correlation coefficient of 0.974(P<0.001).The intraand interrun precision,as well as carryover,were assessed.-Conclusions:The results obtained from this study demonstrated that the new Snibe SAA test has reliable analytical performance and good accuracy and could represent a valid tool for routine hospital laboratory analysis.
文摘1.Editor’s note Clinical laboratory diagnostics stand at a critical juncture.As medicine advances toward personalized therapies and digital integration,the reliability of laboratory results has never been more consequential or more scrutinized.External quality assessment(EQA),once a procedural formality,is now recognized as the bedrock of diagnostic credibility,patient safety,and public health resilience.
文摘Dear Editor,Nipah virus(NiV)poses a significant threat to global health security due to its high fatality rate and the possibility of human-to-human transmission.1 This zoonotic virus can cause serious effect in both animals and humans.2 Although there are currently no approved vaccines or therapeutics for NiV,there have been promising advances in vaccine development in recent years,bringing us one step closer to curbing the impact of this deadly disease.
基金supported by Anhui Longcom Biologic Pharmacy Co.Ltd.,ChinaThis study received grant support from the Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center of China(No.KY-GW-2024-01)research start-up funds for introduced talents of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center of China(No.RCJJ2025-08).
文摘Objective:There are limited data on the use of the creation tuberculin skin test(C-TST)for detecting tuberculosis(TB)infection(TBI)in individuals under 18 years of age.We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of C-TST in this population.Methods:A double-blind,randomized controlled trial was conducted across 4 tertiary hospitals in China to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST in detecting TBI in individuals under 18 years of age.Participants with suspected pulmonary TB,extrapulmonary TB,or non-TB pulmonary disease were enrolled.The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the C-TST.Secondary outcomes included the consistency among C-TST,the traditional tuberculin skin test(TST),and T-SPOT.TB assays in different subgroups,as well as the safety of C-TST.Each participant underwent all 3 tests simultaneously:T-SPOT.TB assay,TST,and C-TST.Results:C-TST showed a sensitivity of 83.0%(95%CI,68.7%-91.9%),while TST and T-SPOT.TB demonstrated sensitivities of 80.9%(95%CI,66.3%-90.4%)and 76.6%(95%CI,61.6%-87.2%),respectively.The specificities of C-TST,TST,and T-SPOT.TB were 100%(95%CI,91.9%-100%),98.0%(95%CI,87.8%-99.9%),and 100%(95%CI,90.9%-100%),respectively.The consistency between C-TST and T-SPOT.TB was high(kappa=0.847).No serious adverse events(AEs)were reported.
文摘Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a liver disease of unknown cause characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia,typical or compatible liver histology,the absence of viral hepatitis and the production of autoantibodies.Anti-smooth muscle antibodies(SMAs)detected with indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)in rodent tissues are not disease specific,whereas antibodies directed to the filamentous form of actin(F-actin)are specifically involved in AIH-1.As solid-phase immunoassays(SPAs)specifically targeting F-actin,such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),have already been included in recent guidelines,in this study,we evaluated the diagnostic per-formance of an immunoblotting SPA for F-actin.We selected 86 samples positive for SMA by IIF(titre≥1:40)and/or for anti-F-actin by ELISA(≥20 units);the patients were divided into 3 groups:AIH-1(n=14),other liver disorders(n=38)and other nonliver-related conditions(n=34).The samples were tested with an immunoblot SPA(European Autoimmune Liver Diseases 9 Ag plus F-actin,Euroimmun,Germany);the qualitative results were converted into numeric intensity values via EurolineScan software.Immunoblotting revealed 16 positive samples(19%),and ELISA revealed 24(28%);among them,7/16(44%)and 11/24(46%)had AIH-1.The diagnostic performance metrics were as follows:sensitivity(50%);specificity(87.5%);positive predictive value(PPV),43.8%;negative predictive value(NPV),90%;and accuracy(81.4%)and equal to those of ELISA.The mean values were greater in the AIH-1 group;the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)had an area under curve(AUC)of 0.77 and was not different from that of the ELISA(0.82);the agreement was 81.4%,with a Cohens kappa of 0.49.Immunoblotting might be a reliable assay for the identification of anti-F-actin antibodies,and given its high specificity,its implementation in a clinical laboratory might confirm the specific diagnosis of AIH-1 in patients with IIF-detected SMA.
基金received a grant from Bill and Melinda Gates Founda-tion through the Calestous Juma Science Leadership Fellowship awardedto FNK through the University of Buea(No.INV-036848).
文摘The study investigates the interaction between the human epidermal growth receptor 2(HER2)and amygdalin,a compound found in peaches,almonds,and apples.To assess the potential of amygdalin,the interaction between HER2 and amygdalin was explored using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations.Binding energies were evaluated for both the crystal and equilibrated HER2 structures.The effects of water on binding were also assessed.Molecular dynamics simulations analyzed structural changes in HER2,including interdomain distances,hydrogen bond fluctuations,dihedral angle shifts,and residue-residue distances at the dimerization arm.The free energy landscape was constructed to evaluate stability.Binding energies of−33.472kJ/mol and−36.651±0.867kJ/mol were observed for the crystal and equilibrated HER2 structures,respectively,with water further enhancing binding to−41.212,4±1.272,7 and−53.513±1.452,3kJ/mol.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed significant conformational changes in HER2,including a reduction in interdomain distance,fluctuations in hydrogen bond lengths,and a shift in dihedral angles from 60°to−30°.The residue-residue distance at the dimerization arm decreased,indicating conformational changes upon binding.The free energy landscape showed a deeper and more defined minimum in the bound state,reflecting enhanced stability.These findings highlight amygdalin’s potential as a therapeutic agent targeting HER2.
文摘India’s race,religion,and caste are quite diverse.Even within the same nation,regional variations exist in the ABO blood type and the Rh system.The current research examined the relationship between diseases and the ABO blood type among Nagaland’s Chakhesang ethnic communities.This research considered the population of sick people with ABO blood types.One hundred persons,including men and women from the Chakhesang tribe,served as research respondents.The Chakhesang Naga tribe was selected for this study because of the documented higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus within this group compared to the broader regional population.The study also aimed to explore a possible association between these health conditions and blood type A.The ABD antisera typing Kit’s standard methodology was followed for blood group testing.S2 ABO software was used to compute the Hardy-Weinberg model,and the chi-square test was used to compare the results.In this research,we discovered that blood type A was more likely to develop hypertension and diabetes than blood types B and O(blood type A,X^(2)=16.3,P=0.00*;blood type B,X^(2)=18,P=0.00*;blood type O,X^(2)=0.085,P=0.87).This might imply that blood type A may be genetically predisposed to diabetes and hypertension more than other blood types.Our research shows that,compared to healthy individuals,the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was much higher in the general population.The Chakhesang Naga tribe has the highest prevalence of blood type B,while those with blood type A are the most afflicted and sensitive to hypertension and diabetes.A key limitation of the study is that the findings are based on a specific population and may not be generalizable.Larger and more diverse cohorts are needed to evaluate their broader applicability.
文摘Objective:Carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),which is traditionally used in ovarian cancer diagnostics,is increasingly recognized as a marker of congestion and inflammation in heart failure(HF).This study compared the analytical performance of N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol(ABEI)-based CA125 and N-terminal pro-Btype natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)assays on the Maglumi®X6 analyzer with that of the Roche Cobas e602 system and explored the relationship of CA125 with biomarkers of adverse remodeling in HF with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).-Methods:Imprecision testing and method comparison were performed on matched serum samples from 108 HFrEF patients.CA125 concentrations were evaluated in relation to the New York Heart Association(NYHA)class,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),galectin-3,and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2(sST2)levels.Prognostic value was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using the 35 U/mL threshold.Results:The ABEI based CA125 assay showed low imprecision[coefficient of variation(CV)≤4.5%]and strong agreement with the Cobas e602 assay(R=0.97,slope=1.06,P<0.001).CA125 levels increased progressively with NYHA class(P=0.02),correlated negatively with LVEF(R=-0.38,P<0.001)and positively with galectin-3(R=0.21,P=0.03)and sST2(R=0.57,P<0.001).Elevated CA125 levels(≥35 U/mL)were associated with significantly increased cardiovascular mortality(P<0.001).Conclusions:ABEI-based CA125 measurement provides an analytical performance comparable to that of Cobas e602.In HFrEF,CA125 is correlated with clinical severity,fibrosis/inflammation biomarkers,and prognosis.Its integration into multimarker strategies,particularly alongside NT-proBNP and sST2,may enhance risk stratification and therapeutic monitoring,including the response to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitor therapy.
