With the continuous control of anthropogenic emissions,China’s air quality has improved significantly in recent years.Given this background,research on how the short-term exposure risks caused by air pollution in Chi...With the continuous control of anthropogenic emissions,China’s air quality has improved significantly in recent years.Given this background,research on how the short-term exposure risks caused by air pollution in China have changed is insufficient.This study utilized hourly concentration data from ground observation stations and the official air quality guidelines of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China and the World Health Organization as standards to systematically investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics and short-term exposure risks of air pollution in China from 2015 to 2022.The results indicate that various atmospheric pollutants except for ozone showed a decreasing trend yearly.Nationwide,both single pollutant air pollution days(SAPDs)and multiple pollutant air pollution days(MAPDs)showed varying degrees of reduction within 15 and 25 days,respectively.SAPD was dominated mainly by excessive PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)pollutants,while MAPD was dominated mainly by excessive pollutant combinations,including PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),CO+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),and SO_(2)+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10).As the concentration of atmospheric pollutants decreased,the total excess risk(ER)decreased yearly from 2015 to 2022,but there were significant regional differences.Now,the ER is less than 0.25%in southern China,in the range of 0.25%-0.5%in the North China Plain and some cities in the northeast,and higher than 1%in the northwest.Particulate matter is currently the primary pollutant posing short-term exposure risk in China,especially due to the impact of sandstorm weather.This study indicates that China’s atmospheric cleaning action is significantly beneficial for reducing health risks.展开更多
随着国际海事组织(IMO)《香港国际安全与无害环境拆船公约》(简称《香港公约》)中关于船舶回收的规定2025年生效,有意拆解旧船的船东必须确保符合更严格的监管控制和检查要求。挪威船级社(DNV)最新发布的指导文件《船舶回收安全和环保...随着国际海事组织(IMO)《香港国际安全与无害环境拆船公约》(简称《香港公约》)中关于船舶回收的规定2025年生效,有意拆解旧船的船东必须确保符合更严格的监管控制和检查要求。挪威船级社(DNV)最新发布的指导文件《船舶回收安全和环保指南》(Safe and Green Recycling for Ship Owners)概述了船东应如何遵守现有的《欧盟拆船条例》(EU SRR)和将于2025年6月26日生效的《香港公约》。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42205178)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M720459).
文摘With the continuous control of anthropogenic emissions,China’s air quality has improved significantly in recent years.Given this background,research on how the short-term exposure risks caused by air pollution in China have changed is insufficient.This study utilized hourly concentration data from ground observation stations and the official air quality guidelines of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China and the World Health Organization as standards to systematically investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics and short-term exposure risks of air pollution in China from 2015 to 2022.The results indicate that various atmospheric pollutants except for ozone showed a decreasing trend yearly.Nationwide,both single pollutant air pollution days(SAPDs)and multiple pollutant air pollution days(MAPDs)showed varying degrees of reduction within 15 and 25 days,respectively.SAPD was dominated mainly by excessive PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)pollutants,while MAPD was dominated mainly by excessive pollutant combinations,including PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),CO+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10),and SO_(2)+PM_(2.5)+PM_(10).As the concentration of atmospheric pollutants decreased,the total excess risk(ER)decreased yearly from 2015 to 2022,but there were significant regional differences.Now,the ER is less than 0.25%in southern China,in the range of 0.25%-0.5%in the North China Plain and some cities in the northeast,and higher than 1%in the northwest.Particulate matter is currently the primary pollutant posing short-term exposure risk in China,especially due to the impact of sandstorm weather.This study indicates that China’s atmospheric cleaning action is significantly beneficial for reducing health risks.
文摘随着国际海事组织(IMO)《香港国际安全与无害环境拆船公约》(简称《香港公约》)中关于船舶回收的规定2025年生效,有意拆解旧船的船东必须确保符合更严格的监管控制和检查要求。挪威船级社(DNV)最新发布的指导文件《船舶回收安全和环保指南》(Safe and Green Recycling for Ship Owners)概述了船东应如何遵守现有的《欧盟拆船条例》(EU SRR)和将于2025年6月26日生效的《香港公约》。
