Ice-breaking methods have become increasingly significant with the ongoing development of the polar regions.Among many ice-breaking methods,ice-breaking that utilizes a moving load is unique compared with the common c...Ice-breaking methods have become increasingly significant with the ongoing development of the polar regions.Among many ice-breaking methods,ice-breaking that utilizes a moving load is unique compared with the common collision or impact methods.A moving load can generate flexural-gravity waves(FGWs),under the influence of which the ice sheet undergoes deformation and may even experience structural damage.Moving loads can be divided into above-ice loads and underwater loads.For the above-ice loads,we discuss the characteristics of the FGWs generated by a moving load acting on a complete ice sheet,an ice sheet with a crack,and an ice sheet with a lead of open water.For underwater loads,we discuss the influence on the ice-breaking characteristics of FGWs of the mode of motion,the geometrical features,and the trajectory of motion of the load.In addition to discussing the status of current research and the technical challenges of ice-breaking by moving loads,this paper also looks ahead to future research prospects and presents some preliminary ideas for consideration.展开更多
在考虑船舶排放控制区(Emission Control Area,ECA)的背景下,通过航速优化对船舶航行成本和航行时间进行有效折中,降低船舶营运成本。针对营运成本和航行时间2个互相冲突的关键因素建立一种多目标航速优化模型。分别建立船舶营运成本模...在考虑船舶排放控制区(Emission Control Area,ECA)的背景下,通过航速优化对船舶航行成本和航行时间进行有效折中,降低船舶营运成本。针对营运成本和航行时间2个互相冲突的关键因素建立一种多目标航速优化模型。分别建立船舶营运成本模型和航行时间模型,通过带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(Nondominated Sorting Genetic AlgorithmⅡ,NSGAⅡ)求得营运成本和航行时间的Pareto解集,采用模糊隶属度函数,从Pareto解集中筛选出最佳折中解。实际案例分析结果表明:在一定的时间约束下,船舶在ECA内适当减速,在ECA外加速可有效减少营运成本。当船舶以优化航速航行时,可有效减少船舶营运成本,节省船舶航行时间,为船公司提供一定的管理依据并带来可观的经济收益。展开更多
文摘由于海洋环境复杂多变,为了保障海员安全,全面提高海洋水域治理能力,近年来水面无人艇(unmanned surface vehicle,USV)的话题热度逐渐升高。USV路径规划能力是其关键技术之一,是其智能化的重要体现。随着船用雷达的逐步发展,现已成为保障船舶安全航行必不可少的一环。本文针对船用雷达图中USV的路径规划问题,将快速扩展随机树(Rapidly-exploring Random Trees,RRT)算法,对其进行改进并应用于USV路径规划问题,再与经典RRT算法进行比较。实验结果表明,改进后的RRT算法比经典RRT算法的路径长度更短,更平滑,证明改进后的RRT算法可以更有效的完成USV的路径规划。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52192693,52192690,52371270,U20A20327)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2021YFC2803400).
文摘Ice-breaking methods have become increasingly significant with the ongoing development of the polar regions.Among many ice-breaking methods,ice-breaking that utilizes a moving load is unique compared with the common collision or impact methods.A moving load can generate flexural-gravity waves(FGWs),under the influence of which the ice sheet undergoes deformation and may even experience structural damage.Moving loads can be divided into above-ice loads and underwater loads.For the above-ice loads,we discuss the characteristics of the FGWs generated by a moving load acting on a complete ice sheet,an ice sheet with a crack,and an ice sheet with a lead of open water.For underwater loads,we discuss the influence on the ice-breaking characteristics of FGWs of the mode of motion,the geometrical features,and the trajectory of motion of the load.In addition to discussing the status of current research and the technical challenges of ice-breaking by moving loads,this paper also looks ahead to future research prospects and presents some preliminary ideas for consideration.
