通过向待分离油水混合液中加入亲油性颗粒,吸附携带油滴运移,以期提高油水分离效率,结合高速摄像及相关图像处理技术,探索亲油性颗粒耦合旋流分离(HydroCyclone Coupled with Lipophilic Particles,HCCLP)强化油水分离的过程和机理,并...通过向待分离油水混合液中加入亲油性颗粒,吸附携带油滴运移,以期提高油水分离效率,结合高速摄像及相关图像处理技术,探索亲油性颗粒耦合旋流分离(HydroCyclone Coupled with Lipophilic Particles,HCCLP)强化油水分离的过程和机理,并利用响应面优化方法,探究处理量、含油浓度、分流比等操作参数对HCCLP分离效率及效率增量的影响,建立相关统计模型和回归拟合方程,得出操作参数的最佳作用范围。实验结果表明:亲油性颗粒的添加能有效促进油水分离效率,HCCLP较常规旋流油水分离(CHC)分离效率整体有所提高,最大可提高4.91%,当处理量在1.65~2.00 m^(3)/h、含油浓度在1.50%以上时,分离效率可高于92.62%。增大处理量、适当提高含油浓度是提高HCCLP分离效率的有效手段之一,但是过大的处理量会加剧油滴的破碎并抑制其聚并,导致分离效率降低。展开更多
Nanofiltration(NF) technology,with its capacity for nanoscale filtration and controllable selectivity,holds significant promise in diverse applications.However,the current upper bound of permeance and selectivity of N...Nanofiltration(NF) technology,with its capacity for nanoscale filtration and controllable selectivity,holds significant promise in diverse applications.However,the current upper bound of permeance and selectivity of NF membranes is intrinsically constrained by the morphology and structure of the polyamide(PA) selective layer.This issue arises because NF membranes typically exhibit relatively smooth nodular structures,which theoretically impede efficient water transport.In this study,we enhanced the formation of nanobubbles by synergistically regulating with surfactant and low temperatures,resulting in the fabrication of PA NF membranes with a crumpled morphology.We observed that lower temperatures promote enhanced gas solubility in the aqueous phase,facilitating increased nanobubble formation through the foaming effect of surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS).Consequently,this resulted in the creation of PA NF membranes with more crumpled structures and superior performance,with pure water permeance reaching 36.25 ± 0.42 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1),representing an improvement of 14.47 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1)compared to the control group.Additionally,it maintains a high Na_(2)SO_(4) rejection rate of97.00 % ± 0.58 %.The PA NF membranes produced by eliminating nanobubbles and free interfaces exhibited a smooth structure,whereas introducing nanobubbles(through Na HCO_(3) addition,N_(2) pressurization,and ultrasonication) resulted in the formation of crumpled membranes.This emphasized that the large amount of nanobubbles generated by SDBS and low temperature in the interfacial process played a critical role in shaping crumpled PA NF membranes and enhancing membrane performance.This approach has the potential to provide valuable insights into customizing the structural design of TFC PA NF membranes,contributing to further advancements in this field.展开更多
Due to complex ion-ion and ion-membrane interactions, creating innovative membrane structures to acquire favorable ion mixing effect and high separation performance remains a big challenge. Herein, we design covalent ...Due to complex ion-ion and ion-membrane interactions, creating innovative membrane structures to acquire favorable ion mixing effect and high separation performance remains a big challenge. Herein, we design covalent organic framework(COF) scaffold membrane with gate-lane nanostructure for efficient Li^(+)/Mg^(2+) separation. COF nanosheets, serving as the scaffold, are intercalated by polyethyleneimine(PEI) to form the permeating layer. Subsequently, PEI on the surface reacts with 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate to form the polyurea gating layer. The gating layer, bearing tailored smaller pore size,affords high rejection to co-ions(Mg^(2+)) and thus high Li^(+)/Mg^(2+) selectivity. The permeating layer, with asymmetric charge and spatial nanostructure for creating individual lanes of Li^(+) and Cl~-, facilitates Li^(+) transport and thus high Li^(+) permeability. The optimum COF scaffold membrane exhibits the permeance of 11.5 L m^(-2) h^(-1)/bar^(-1) and true selectivity of 231.9 with Li^(+) enrichment of 120.2% at the Mg^(2+)/Li^(+) mass ratio of 50, exceeding the ideal selectivity of 80.5 and outperforming all ever-reported positively charged nanofiltration membranes. Our work may stimulate the further thinking about how to design the hierarchical membrane structure to achieve favorable ion mixing effect and break the membrane permeability-selectivity trade-off in chemical separations.展开更多
Advanced healthcare monitors for air pollution applications pose a significant challenge in achieving a balance between high-performance filtration and multifunctional smart integration.Electrospinning triboelectric n...Advanced healthcare monitors for air pollution applications pose a significant challenge in achieving a balance between high-performance filtration and multifunctional smart integration.Electrospinning triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)provide a significant potential for use under such difficult circumstances.We have successfully constructed a high-performance TENG utilizing a novel multi-scale nanofiber architecture.Nylon 66(PA66)and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt(HACC)composites were prepared by electrospinning,and PA66/H multiscale nanofiber membranes composed of nanofibers(≈73 nm)and submicron-fibers(≈123 nm)were formed.PA66/H multi-scale nanofiber membrane as the positive electrode and negative electrode-spun PVDF-HFP nanofiber membrane composed of respiration-driven PVDF-HFP@PA66/H TENG.The resulting PVDF-HFP@PA66/H TENG based air filter utilizes electrostatic adsorption and physical interception mechanisms,achieving PM_(0.3)filtration efficiency over 99%with a pressure drop of only 48 Pa.Besides,PVDF-HFP@PA66/H TENG exhibits excellent stability in high-humidity environments,with filtration efficiency reduced by less than 1%.At the same time,the TENG achieves periodic contact separation through breathing drive to achieve self-power,which can ensure the long-term stability of the filtration efficiency.In addition to the air filtration function,TENG can also monitor health in real time by capturing human breathing signals without external power supply.This integrated system combines high-efficiency air filtration,self-powered operation,and health monitoring,presenting an innovative solution for air purification,smart protective equipment,and portable health monitoring.These findings highlight the potential of this technology for diverse applications,offering a promising direction for advancing multifunctional air filtration systems.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52430001,52470091,52200108) for the financial support。
文摘Nanofiltration(NF) technology,with its capacity for nanoscale filtration and controllable selectivity,holds significant promise in diverse applications.However,the current upper bound of permeance and selectivity of NF membranes is intrinsically constrained by the morphology and structure of the polyamide(PA) selective layer.This issue arises because NF membranes typically exhibit relatively smooth nodular structures,which theoretically impede efficient water transport.In this study,we enhanced the formation of nanobubbles by synergistically regulating with surfactant and low temperatures,resulting in the fabrication of PA NF membranes with a crumpled morphology.We observed that lower temperatures promote enhanced gas solubility in the aqueous phase,facilitating increased nanobubble formation through the foaming effect of surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS).Consequently,this resulted in the creation of PA NF membranes with more crumpled structures and superior performance,with pure water permeance reaching 36.25 ± 0.42 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1),representing an improvement of 14.47 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1)compared to the control group.Additionally,it maintains a high Na_(2)SO_(4) rejection rate of97.00 % ± 0.58 %.The PA NF membranes produced by eliminating nanobubbles and free interfaces exhibited a smooth structure,whereas introducing nanobubbles(through Na HCO_(3) addition,N_(2) pressurization,and ultrasonication) resulted in the formation of crumpled membranes.This emphasized that the large amount of nanobubbles generated by SDBS and low temperature in the interfacial process played a critical role in shaping crumpled PA NF membranes and enhancing membrane performance.This approach has the potential to provide valuable insights into customizing the structural design of TFC PA NF membranes,contributing to further advancements in this field.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22338011, 22378299)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2025SHFZ025)+1 种基金Ningbo Key Research and Development Project (2022Z121)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2025M771194)。
文摘Due to complex ion-ion and ion-membrane interactions, creating innovative membrane structures to acquire favorable ion mixing effect and high separation performance remains a big challenge. Herein, we design covalent organic framework(COF) scaffold membrane with gate-lane nanostructure for efficient Li^(+)/Mg^(2+) separation. COF nanosheets, serving as the scaffold, are intercalated by polyethyleneimine(PEI) to form the permeating layer. Subsequently, PEI on the surface reacts with 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate to form the polyurea gating layer. The gating layer, bearing tailored smaller pore size,affords high rejection to co-ions(Mg^(2+)) and thus high Li^(+)/Mg^(2+) selectivity. The permeating layer, with asymmetric charge and spatial nanostructure for creating individual lanes of Li^(+) and Cl~-, facilitates Li^(+) transport and thus high Li^(+) permeability. The optimum COF scaffold membrane exhibits the permeance of 11.5 L m^(-2) h^(-1)/bar^(-1) and true selectivity of 231.9 with Li^(+) enrichment of 120.2% at the Mg^(2+)/Li^(+) mass ratio of 50, exceeding the ideal selectivity of 80.5 and outperforming all ever-reported positively charged nanofiltration membranes. Our work may stimulate the further thinking about how to design the hierarchical membrane structure to achieve favorable ion mixing effect and break the membrane permeability-selectivity trade-off in chemical separations.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804905)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375047,22378068,and 22378071)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J01568)111 Project(No.D17005).
文摘Advanced healthcare monitors for air pollution applications pose a significant challenge in achieving a balance between high-performance filtration and multifunctional smart integration.Electrospinning triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)provide a significant potential for use under such difficult circumstances.We have successfully constructed a high-performance TENG utilizing a novel multi-scale nanofiber architecture.Nylon 66(PA66)and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt(HACC)composites were prepared by electrospinning,and PA66/H multiscale nanofiber membranes composed of nanofibers(≈73 nm)and submicron-fibers(≈123 nm)were formed.PA66/H multi-scale nanofiber membrane as the positive electrode and negative electrode-spun PVDF-HFP nanofiber membrane composed of respiration-driven PVDF-HFP@PA66/H TENG.The resulting PVDF-HFP@PA66/H TENG based air filter utilizes electrostatic adsorption and physical interception mechanisms,achieving PM_(0.3)filtration efficiency over 99%with a pressure drop of only 48 Pa.Besides,PVDF-HFP@PA66/H TENG exhibits excellent stability in high-humidity environments,with filtration efficiency reduced by less than 1%.At the same time,the TENG achieves periodic contact separation through breathing drive to achieve self-power,which can ensure the long-term stability of the filtration efficiency.In addition to the air filtration function,TENG can also monitor health in real time by capturing human breathing signals without external power supply.This integrated system combines high-efficiency air filtration,self-powered operation,and health monitoring,presenting an innovative solution for air purification,smart protective equipment,and portable health monitoring.These findings highlight the potential of this technology for diverse applications,offering a promising direction for advancing multifunctional air filtration systems.
