Recent years have witnessed transformative changes brought about by artificial intelligence(AI)techniques with billions of parameters for the realization of high accuracy,proposing high demand for the advanced and AI ...Recent years have witnessed transformative changes brought about by artificial intelligence(AI)techniques with billions of parameters for the realization of high accuracy,proposing high demand for the advanced and AI chip to solve these AI tasks efficiently and powerfully.Rapid progress has been made in the field of advanced chips recently,such as the development of photonic computing,the advancement of the quantum processors,the boost of the biomimetic chips,and so on.Designs tactics of the advanced chips can be conducted with elaborated consideration of materials,algorithms,models,architectures,and so on.Though a few reviews present the development of the chips from their unique aspects,reviews in the view of the latest design for advanced and AI chips are few.Here,the newest development is systematically reviewed in the field of advanced chips.First,background and mechanisms are summarized,and subsequently most important considerations for co-design of the software and hardware are illustrated.Next,strategies are summed up to obtain advanced and AI chips with high excellent performance by taking the important information processing steps into consideration,after which the design thought for the advanced chips in the future is proposed.Finally,some perspectives are put forward.展开更多
人工智能与芯片技术正形成深刻的双向驱动关系,其影响主要体现在“用AI设计芯片(AI for Chip)”和“为AI设计芯片(Chip for AI)”这2个核心维度。前者利用AI技术赋能芯片设计流程,通过机器学习算法,AI能高效完成处理器微架构参数的智能...人工智能与芯片技术正形成深刻的双向驱动关系,其影响主要体现在“用AI设计芯片(AI for Chip)”和“为AI设计芯片(Chip for AI)”这2个核心维度。前者利用AI技术赋能芯片设计流程,通过机器学习算法,AI能高效完成处理器微架构参数的智能探索、物理设计的自动化布局布线(PPA优化)以及软硬件协同调优,极大提升了复杂芯片的设计效率与质量。后者指为加速AI计算而专门设计芯片架构,如今英伟达凭借GPU+CUDA生态成为市场主导,而基于开放指令集RISC-V扩展AI指令(如向量、张量扩展)有望成为打破垄断的新趋势。展望未来,AI技术与芯片产业将构成了一个强大的创新循环:先进的AI工具设计出更强大的专用芯片,而这些芯片又为下一代AI技术的发展提供了至关重要的算力基石。展开更多
基金supported by the Hong Kong Polytechnic University(1-WZ1Y,1-W34U,4-YWER).
文摘Recent years have witnessed transformative changes brought about by artificial intelligence(AI)techniques with billions of parameters for the realization of high accuracy,proposing high demand for the advanced and AI chip to solve these AI tasks efficiently and powerfully.Rapid progress has been made in the field of advanced chips recently,such as the development of photonic computing,the advancement of the quantum processors,the boost of the biomimetic chips,and so on.Designs tactics of the advanced chips can be conducted with elaborated consideration of materials,algorithms,models,architectures,and so on.Though a few reviews present the development of the chips from their unique aspects,reviews in the view of the latest design for advanced and AI chips are few.Here,the newest development is systematically reviewed in the field of advanced chips.First,background and mechanisms are summarized,and subsequently most important considerations for co-design of the software and hardware are illustrated.Next,strategies are summed up to obtain advanced and AI chips with high excellent performance by taking the important information processing steps into consideration,after which the design thought for the advanced chips in the future is proposed.Finally,some perspectives are put forward.
文摘人工智能与芯片技术正形成深刻的双向驱动关系,其影响主要体现在“用AI设计芯片(AI for Chip)”和“为AI设计芯片(Chip for AI)”这2个核心维度。前者利用AI技术赋能芯片设计流程,通过机器学习算法,AI能高效完成处理器微架构参数的智能探索、物理设计的自动化布局布线(PPA优化)以及软硬件协同调优,极大提升了复杂芯片的设计效率与质量。后者指为加速AI计算而专门设计芯片架构,如今英伟达凭借GPU+CUDA生态成为市场主导,而基于开放指令集RISC-V扩展AI指令(如向量、张量扩展)有望成为打破垄断的新趋势。展望未来,AI技术与芯片产业将构成了一个强大的创新循环:先进的AI工具设计出更强大的专用芯片,而这些芯片又为下一代AI技术的发展提供了至关重要的算力基石。
