The iron and steel industry,standing as a quintessential manufacture example with high consumption,pollution and emissions,faces significant environmental and sustainable development challenges.Electric arc furnace(EA...The iron and steel industry,standing as a quintessential manufacture example with high consumption,pollution and emissions,faces significant environmental and sustainable development challenges.Electric arc furnace(EAF)steelmaking process mainly uses scrap as raw material and is characterized by environmentally friendly and recyclable process.However,the further development of EAF route in China is limited by the reserve,supply,availability and quality of scrap resource.Direct reduced iron(DRI)is one of typical low-carbon and clean charges,which can effectively make up for the adverse effects caused by the lack of scrap.The physical and chemical properties,classifications,and production technologies of DRI are firstly reviewed.In particular,the reducing gas types,reduction temperature,and reduction mechanism of the DRI production with gas-based shaft furnace(SF)technology are detailed.Considering the crucial role played by DRI application in EAF,the influences of DRI addition on EAF smelting rules and operations including the blending and charging process,heat transfer and melting in molten bath,slag formation operation,refractory corrosion,and slag system evolution are then further discussed.Finally,the comparative analysis and assessment of the consumption level of material and energy as well as the cleaner production both covering the clean chemical composition of molten steel and the clean environment impact in EAF steelmaking with DRI charged are conducted.From perspectives of metallurgical process engineering,a suitable route of hydrogen generation and application(from coke oven gas,methanol,and clean energy power),CO_(2) capture and utilization integrated with SF–EAF process is proposed.In view of the difficulties in large-scale DRI application in EAF,the follow-up work should focus on the investigation of DRI charging and melting,slag system evolution and molten pool reaction rules,as well as the developments of the DRI standardized use technology and intelligent batching and control models.展开更多
对120 t Consteel电炉冶炼过程进行了分析,并对冶炼过程造渣制度、供电制度、加料制度、留钢留渣制度等进行了优化。优化后电炉吨钢电耗明显降低,吨钢电耗平均约降低25 kW·h/t。通过控制冶炼过程吨钢吹氧和吨钢喷吹碳粉量差值在5以...对120 t Consteel电炉冶炼过程进行了分析,并对冶炼过程造渣制度、供电制度、加料制度、留钢留渣制度等进行了优化。优化后电炉吨钢电耗明显降低,吨钢电耗平均约降低25 kW·h/t。通过控制冶炼过程吨钢吹氧和吨钢喷吹碳粉量差值在5以内,电炉终渣FeO质量分数较低,且控制稳定,电炉终渣FeO质量分数在30%以内炉数超过97%,FeO质量分数在25%以内炉数超过84%,平均钢铁料消耗降低4.7 kg/t;通过对冶炼过程中每炉进行排渣操作,保证初渣较低的P、S质量分数,并优化造渣辅料加入量提高炉渣CaO质量分数和碱度,使电炉终点P质量分数从0.0132%降到0.0086%,S质量分数从0.0549%降到0.0482%,钢水洁净度得到提高。展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52174328)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2024ZZTS0062).
文摘The iron and steel industry,standing as a quintessential manufacture example with high consumption,pollution and emissions,faces significant environmental and sustainable development challenges.Electric arc furnace(EAF)steelmaking process mainly uses scrap as raw material and is characterized by environmentally friendly and recyclable process.However,the further development of EAF route in China is limited by the reserve,supply,availability and quality of scrap resource.Direct reduced iron(DRI)is one of typical low-carbon and clean charges,which can effectively make up for the adverse effects caused by the lack of scrap.The physical and chemical properties,classifications,and production technologies of DRI are firstly reviewed.In particular,the reducing gas types,reduction temperature,and reduction mechanism of the DRI production with gas-based shaft furnace(SF)technology are detailed.Considering the crucial role played by DRI application in EAF,the influences of DRI addition on EAF smelting rules and operations including the blending and charging process,heat transfer and melting in molten bath,slag formation operation,refractory corrosion,and slag system evolution are then further discussed.Finally,the comparative analysis and assessment of the consumption level of material and energy as well as the cleaner production both covering the clean chemical composition of molten steel and the clean environment impact in EAF steelmaking with DRI charged are conducted.From perspectives of metallurgical process engineering,a suitable route of hydrogen generation and application(from coke oven gas,methanol,and clean energy power),CO_(2) capture and utilization integrated with SF–EAF process is proposed.In view of the difficulties in large-scale DRI application in EAF,the follow-up work should focus on the investigation of DRI charging and melting,slag system evolution and molten pool reaction rules,as well as the developments of the DRI standardized use technology and intelligent batching and control models.
文摘对120 t Consteel电炉冶炼过程进行了分析,并对冶炼过程造渣制度、供电制度、加料制度、留钢留渣制度等进行了优化。优化后电炉吨钢电耗明显降低,吨钢电耗平均约降低25 kW·h/t。通过控制冶炼过程吨钢吹氧和吨钢喷吹碳粉量差值在5以内,电炉终渣FeO质量分数较低,且控制稳定,电炉终渣FeO质量分数在30%以内炉数超过97%,FeO质量分数在25%以内炉数超过84%,平均钢铁料消耗降低4.7 kg/t;通过对冶炼过程中每炉进行排渣操作,保证初渣较低的P、S质量分数,并优化造渣辅料加入量提高炉渣CaO质量分数和碱度,使电炉终点P质量分数从0.0132%降到0.0086%,S质量分数从0.0549%降到0.0482%,钢水洁净度得到提高。
