Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal metallurgy.Organic solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and ...Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal metallurgy.Organic solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and flammability,causing a spectrum of hazards to human health and environmental safety.Neoteric solvents have been recognized as potential alternatives to these harmful organic solvents.In the past two decades,several neoteric solvents have been proposed,including ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs).DESs have gradually become the focus of green solvents owing to several advantages,namely,low toxicity,degradability,and low cost.In this critical review,their classification,formation mechanisms,preparation methods,characterization technologies,and special physicochemical properties based on the most recent advancements in research have been systematically described.Subsequently,the major separation and purification applications of DESs in critical metal metallurgy were comprehensively summarized.Finally,future opportunities and challenges of DESs were explored in the current research area.In conclusion,this review provides valuable insights for improving our overall understanding of DESs,and it holds important potential for expanding separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy.展开更多
Preliminary study on the mechanism of non- enzymatic bioreduction of gold,silver,platinum,palladium and rhodium ions by Bacillus megatherium D01 biomass has been carried out by means of TEM,XRD,XPS and FTIR methods. T...Preliminary study on the mechanism of non- enzymatic bioreduction of gold,silver,platinum,palladium and rhodium ions by Bacillus megatherium D01 biomass has been carried out by means of TEM,XRD,XPS and FTIR methods. The results showed that after contacted with D01 biomass,Au3＋ has been completely reduced to elemental,cell bound Au0 for 2h and about 45％ Rh3＋ to Rh0 for 2 d at 30℃ and pH 3.5 without biochemical or chemical cofactors; the cardinal mechanism of D01 cell accumulating metal ions was biosorption,and the primary location where biosorption occurred was the D01 cell wall; active groups such as carbonyl of amido bond and carboxyl on the cell wall may complex or chelate with the precious metal ions; and aldose and ketose,i.e.,hydrolysate of part polysaccharide on the cell wall in acidic medium,served as the election donor,and reduced soluble precious metal ions to atoms.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Original Exploration Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52150079)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20130,U2004215,and 51974280)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China(No.232300421196)the Project of Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory of China(Nos.GJJSGFYQ202304,GJJSGFJQ202306,GJJSGFYQ202323,GJJSGFYQ202308,and GJJSGFYQ202307)。
文摘Solvent extraction,a separation and purification technology,is crucial in critical metal metallurgy.Organic solvents commonly used in solvent extraction exhibit disadvantages,such as high volatility,high toxicity,and flammability,causing a spectrum of hazards to human health and environmental safety.Neoteric solvents have been recognized as potential alternatives to these harmful organic solvents.In the past two decades,several neoteric solvents have been proposed,including ionic liquids(ILs)and deep eutectic solvents(DESs).DESs have gradually become the focus of green solvents owing to several advantages,namely,low toxicity,degradability,and low cost.In this critical review,their classification,formation mechanisms,preparation methods,characterization technologies,and special physicochemical properties based on the most recent advancements in research have been systematically described.Subsequently,the major separation and purification applications of DESs in critical metal metallurgy were comprehensively summarized.Finally,future opportunities and challenges of DESs were explored in the current research area.In conclusion,this review provides valuable insights for improving our overall understanding of DESs,and it holds important potential for expanding separation and purification applications in critical metal metallurgy.
文摘Preliminary study on the mechanism of non- enzymatic bioreduction of gold,silver,platinum,palladium and rhodium ions by Bacillus megatherium D01 biomass has been carried out by means of TEM,XRD,XPS and FTIR methods. The results showed that after contacted with D01 biomass,Au3＋ has been completely reduced to elemental,cell bound Au0 for 2h and about 45％ Rh3＋ to Rh0 for 2 d at 30℃ and pH 3.5 without biochemical or chemical cofactors; the cardinal mechanism of D01 cell accumulating metal ions was biosorption,and the primary location where biosorption occurred was the D01 cell wall; active groups such as carbonyl of amido bond and carboxyl on the cell wall may complex or chelate with the precious metal ions; and aldose and ketose,i.e.,hydrolysate of part polysaccharide on the cell wall in acidic medium,served as the election donor,and reduced soluble precious metal ions to atoms.
