Coptis chinensis Franch.,also named Chinese goldthread is a member of Ranunculaceae in the order Ranunculales and represents an important lineage of early eudicots with traditional medicinal value.In our study,by usin...Coptis chinensis Franch.,also named Chinese goldthread is a member of Ranunculaceae in the order Ranunculales and represents an important lineage of early eudicots with traditional medicinal value.In our study,by using syntenic analysis combined with phylogenomic analysis of C.chinensis and four other representative genomes from basal and core eudicots,we confirmed that the WGD event in C.chinensis was shared by Aquilegia coerulea and Papaver somniferum L.and quickly occurred after Ranunculales diverged from other eudicots,likely a Ranunculales common tetraploidization(RCT).The synonymous nucleotide substitutions at synonymous sites distribution of syntenic blocks across these genomes showed that the evolutionary rate of the P.somniferum genome is faster than that of the C.chinensis genome by approximately 13.7%,possibly due to Papaveraceaes having an additional special tetraploidization event(PST).After Ks correction,the RCT dated to 115—130 million years ago(MYA),which was close to the divergence of Ranunculaceaes and Papaveraceaes approximately115.45—130.51 MYA.Moreover,we identified homologous genes related to polyploidization and speciation and constructed multiple sequence alignments with different reference genomes.Notably,the event-related subgenomes in the basal genomes all showed genomic fractionation bias,suggesting a likely allopolyploid nature of the RCT,PST and T-Alpha and T-Beta events in Tetracentron sinense.In addition,we detected that the sixteen P450 subfamilies were markedly expanded in the genomes of Ranunculales,and most of them were related to the RCT and PST events.We constructed a new platform for Early Eudicot Comparative Genomic Research(http://www.cgrpoee.top/index.html)to store more information.In summary,our findings support the WGD of C.chinensis shared by Ranunculales,which is likely an allotetraploidization event.This present effort offered new insights into the evolution of key polyploidization events and the genes related to secondary metabolites during the diversification of early eudicots.展开更多
该研究应用PCR-DGGE技术,分析了不同种植年限正常生长、发病的黄连Coptis chinensis的根际和非根际土壤的细菌种群多样性指数,并选取代表性DGGE条带进行克隆测序,构建细菌系统发育树状图。结果表明,正常土样与发病土样土壤细菌种群差异...该研究应用PCR-DGGE技术,分析了不同种植年限正常生长、发病的黄连Coptis chinensis的根际和非根际土壤的细菌种群多样性指数,并选取代表性DGGE条带进行克隆测序,构建细菌系统发育树状图。结果表明,正常土样与发病土样土壤细菌种群差异明显,且发病土样多样性指数(H)高于正常土样;代表性条带克隆测序结果表明,黄连种植土壤中未培养细菌为优势菌群,其余类群为食酸菌属、芽孢杆菌属、不动杆菌属、未培养克吕沃尔菌属以及未培养丛毛单胞菌,未发现已报道的植物病原细菌。发病土样中Clone band d的谱带亮度高于正常土样,该条带菌株在分类上属于食酸菌属。显然,黄连种植过程中,根际土壤中细菌种群发生了改变,其中食酸菌属的细菌在发病根际土壤增加,很可能与黄连病害发生有关。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32170236 and 31501333)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.C2020209064)the Youth Foundation of Educational Committee of Hebei Province(Grant No.QN2020139)。
文摘Coptis chinensis Franch.,also named Chinese goldthread is a member of Ranunculaceae in the order Ranunculales and represents an important lineage of early eudicots with traditional medicinal value.In our study,by using syntenic analysis combined with phylogenomic analysis of C.chinensis and four other representative genomes from basal and core eudicots,we confirmed that the WGD event in C.chinensis was shared by Aquilegia coerulea and Papaver somniferum L.and quickly occurred after Ranunculales diverged from other eudicots,likely a Ranunculales common tetraploidization(RCT).The synonymous nucleotide substitutions at synonymous sites distribution of syntenic blocks across these genomes showed that the evolutionary rate of the P.somniferum genome is faster than that of the C.chinensis genome by approximately 13.7%,possibly due to Papaveraceaes having an additional special tetraploidization event(PST).After Ks correction,the RCT dated to 115—130 million years ago(MYA),which was close to the divergence of Ranunculaceaes and Papaveraceaes approximately115.45—130.51 MYA.Moreover,we identified homologous genes related to polyploidization and speciation and constructed multiple sequence alignments with different reference genomes.Notably,the event-related subgenomes in the basal genomes all showed genomic fractionation bias,suggesting a likely allopolyploid nature of the RCT,PST and T-Alpha and T-Beta events in Tetracentron sinense.In addition,we detected that the sixteen P450 subfamilies were markedly expanded in the genomes of Ranunculales,and most of them were related to the RCT and PST events.We constructed a new platform for Early Eudicot Comparative Genomic Research(http://www.cgrpoee.top/index.html)to store more information.In summary,our findings support the WGD of C.chinensis shared by Ranunculales,which is likely an allotetraploidization event.This present effort offered new insights into the evolution of key polyploidization events and the genes related to secondary metabolites during the diversification of early eudicots.
文摘该研究应用PCR-DGGE技术,分析了不同种植年限正常生长、发病的黄连Coptis chinensis的根际和非根际土壤的细菌种群多样性指数,并选取代表性DGGE条带进行克隆测序,构建细菌系统发育树状图。结果表明,正常土样与发病土样土壤细菌种群差异明显,且发病土样多样性指数(H)高于正常土样;代表性条带克隆测序结果表明,黄连种植土壤中未培养细菌为优势菌群,其余类群为食酸菌属、芽孢杆菌属、不动杆菌属、未培养克吕沃尔菌属以及未培养丛毛单胞菌,未发现已报道的植物病原细菌。发病土样中Clone band d的谱带亮度高于正常土样,该条带菌株在分类上属于食酸菌属。显然,黄连种植过程中,根际土壤中细菌种群发生了改变,其中食酸菌属的细菌在发病根际土壤增加,很可能与黄连病害发生有关。
