Cotton production faces significant challenges from insect pests,with chemical pesticide use becoming increasingly limited by resistance and environmental concerns.This study explores the potential use of caffeine,a n...Cotton production faces significant challenges from insect pests,with chemical pesticide use becoming increasingly limited by resistance and environmental concerns.This study explores the potential use of caffeine,a natural plant alkaloid,as an environmentally friendly insect resistance strategy in cotton.Exogenous caffeine application demonstrated potent insecticidal effects against cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera)larvae,with concentrations≥2 mg mL−1 causing near-complete feeding cessation and up to 70%larval mortality.Building on this,we engineered transgenic cotton(Gossypium hirsutum cv.Jin668)for heterologous caffeine biosynthesis by introducing three key N-methyltransferase genes(CaXMT1,CaMXMT1,CaDXMT1)by multiple gene transformation.Transgenic lines expressing all three genes showed remarkable caffeine accumulation(up to 3.59 mg g−1 dry weight),whereas two-gene combinations exhibited wild-type-level production.Feeding preference assays revealed that caffeine-enriched cotton strongly deterred feeding by H.armigera.Non-choice feeding trials demonstrated reduced leaf consumption and reduced larval growth in H.armigera fed on caffeine-producing cotton.The study highlights the effectiveness of synthetic biology approaches using the TGSII-UNiE multigene stacking system,despite challenges in transgene stability.This work advances plant-derived insect resistance research and provides a sustainable framework for reducing chemical pesticide reliance in cotton production,while underscoring unique potential of cotton as a synthetic biology platform for secondary metabolite engineering.展开更多
柑橘链格孢褐斑病(Alternaria brown spot,ABS)简称柑橘褐斑病,是我国部分橘类和杂交柑橘上新发生的一种重要真菌病害,其病菌可侵染感病柑橘的所有幼嫩组织,果实全生育期均可发病,在利于发病年份,常导致敏感品种大量落叶、落果和枯梢甚...柑橘链格孢褐斑病(Alternaria brown spot,ABS)简称柑橘褐斑病,是我国部分橘类和杂交柑橘上新发生的一种重要真菌病害,其病菌可侵染感病柑橘的所有幼嫩组织,果实全生育期均可发病,在利于发病年份,常导致敏感品种大量落叶、落果和枯梢甚至绝收。然而,迄今尚未有杀菌剂被登记用于该病害的防治。本研究评价了不同杀菌剂单剂、复配剂及杀菌剂组合对2种褐斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性、田间防治效果及清园处理效果。结果表明,咯菌腈单剂、氟唑胺·氯氟醚、氟唑菌酰羟胺·咯菌腈、氟酰羟·苯甲唑和嘧环·咯菌腈在有效成分1μg·mL^(-1)时对菌丝生长的抑制率均超过90%;田间药效试验结果表明,氟酰羟·苯甲唑对褐斑病的防治效果较好,且氟唑菌酰羟胺与咯菌腈、代森锰锌混合处理下的防治效果均较好,能够有效降低病梢率和减少落叶数;此外,波尔多液和石硫合剂清园处理可以较好地控制褐斑病,大大降低病梢率。本试验结果为柑橘褐斑病的防治药剂选择提供了数据支持和理论指导。展开更多
对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有...对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的201对SSR标记,对3个环境的抗黄萎病性状进行基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)的全基因组关联分析,检测与抗病性状显著关联的位点、优异等位变异及优异典型材料。结果表明,3个环境下各材料的相对病指平均值为53.45,平均变异系数为36.85%,平均偏度系数为-0.46,平均峰度系数为-0.31;201对引物共产生394个等位变异位点,GWAS结果表明有11个位点能同时在2个环境中检测到,其中有2个位点NAU2437b和NAU3493b能同时在3个环境中检测到;结合育种实际,发掘出含有优异等位变异的典型材料7份,其中鲁棉研28同时含有9个优异等位变异;从各材料不同生态区来源分析,来源于黄河流域棉区的材料具有较低的平均表型效应。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32325039).We express our gratitude to Professor Qinlong Zhu,South China Agricultural University,for invaluable assistance in vector construction.
文摘Cotton production faces significant challenges from insect pests,with chemical pesticide use becoming increasingly limited by resistance and environmental concerns.This study explores the potential use of caffeine,a natural plant alkaloid,as an environmentally friendly insect resistance strategy in cotton.Exogenous caffeine application demonstrated potent insecticidal effects against cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera)larvae,with concentrations≥2 mg mL−1 causing near-complete feeding cessation and up to 70%larval mortality.Building on this,we engineered transgenic cotton(Gossypium hirsutum cv.Jin668)for heterologous caffeine biosynthesis by introducing three key N-methyltransferase genes(CaXMT1,CaMXMT1,CaDXMT1)by multiple gene transformation.Transgenic lines expressing all three genes showed remarkable caffeine accumulation(up to 3.59 mg g−1 dry weight),whereas two-gene combinations exhibited wild-type-level production.Feeding preference assays revealed that caffeine-enriched cotton strongly deterred feeding by H.armigera.Non-choice feeding trials demonstrated reduced leaf consumption and reduced larval growth in H.armigera fed on caffeine-producing cotton.The study highlights the effectiveness of synthetic biology approaches using the TGSII-UNiE multigene stacking system,despite challenges in transgene stability.This work advances plant-derived insect resistance research and provides a sustainable framework for reducing chemical pesticide reliance in cotton production,while underscoring unique potential of cotton as a synthetic biology platform for secondary metabolite engineering.
文摘柑橘链格孢褐斑病(Alternaria brown spot,ABS)简称柑橘褐斑病,是我国部分橘类和杂交柑橘上新发生的一种重要真菌病害,其病菌可侵染感病柑橘的所有幼嫩组织,果实全生育期均可发病,在利于发病年份,常导致敏感品种大量落叶、落果和枯梢甚至绝收。然而,迄今尚未有杀菌剂被登记用于该病害的防治。本研究评价了不同杀菌剂单剂、复配剂及杀菌剂组合对2种褐斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性、田间防治效果及清园处理效果。结果表明,咯菌腈单剂、氟唑胺·氯氟醚、氟唑菌酰羟胺·咯菌腈、氟酰羟·苯甲唑和嘧环·咯菌腈在有效成分1μg·mL^(-1)时对菌丝生长的抑制率均超过90%;田间药效试验结果表明,氟酰羟·苯甲唑对褐斑病的防治效果较好,且氟唑菌酰羟胺与咯菌腈、代森锰锌混合处理下的防治效果均较好,能够有效降低病梢率和减少落叶数;此外,波尔多液和石硫合剂清园处理可以较好地控制褐斑病,大大降低病梢率。本试验结果为柑橘褐斑病的防治药剂选择提供了数据支持和理论指导。
文摘对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的201对SSR标记,对3个环境的抗黄萎病性状进行基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)的全基因组关联分析,检测与抗病性状显著关联的位点、优异等位变异及优异典型材料。结果表明,3个环境下各材料的相对病指平均值为53.45,平均变异系数为36.85%,平均偏度系数为-0.46,平均峰度系数为-0.31;201对引物共产生394个等位变异位点,GWAS结果表明有11个位点能同时在2个环境中检测到,其中有2个位点NAU2437b和NAU3493b能同时在3个环境中检测到;结合育种实际,发掘出含有优异等位变异的典型材料7份,其中鲁棉研28同时含有9个优异等位变异;从各材料不同生态区来源分析,来源于黄河流域棉区的材料具有较低的平均表型效应。
