对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有...对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的201对SSR标记,对3个环境的抗黄萎病性状进行基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)的全基因组关联分析,检测与抗病性状显著关联的位点、优异等位变异及优异典型材料。结果表明,3个环境下各材料的相对病指平均值为53.45,平均变异系数为36.85%,平均偏度系数为-0.46,平均峰度系数为-0.31;201对引物共产生394个等位变异位点,GWAS结果表明有11个位点能同时在2个环境中检测到,其中有2个位点NAU2437b和NAU3493b能同时在3个环境中检测到;结合育种实际,发掘出含有优异等位变异的典型材料7份,其中鲁棉研28同时含有9个优异等位变异;从各材料不同生态区来源分析,来源于黄河流域棉区的材料具有较低的平均表型效应。展开更多
【目的】筛选出适合新疆南疆阿克苏地区棉花生产上防控棉叶螨的药剂,对棉叶螨进行有效防控。【方法】通过对南疆阿克苏地区主要叶螨截形叶螨Tetranychus truncatus、敦煌叶螨Tetranychus dunchuangensis开展田间药效试验,分析9种药剂对...【目的】筛选出适合新疆南疆阿克苏地区棉花生产上防控棉叶螨的药剂,对棉叶螨进行有效防控。【方法】通过对南疆阿克苏地区主要叶螨截形叶螨Tetranychus truncatus、敦煌叶螨Tetranychus dunchuangensis开展田间药效试验,分析9种药剂对新疆阿克苏地区棉叶螨的药效情况。【结果】敦煌叶螨药后3 d 30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂、24%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂、40%稻丰·仲丁威乳油剂均效果较好,其中30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂稀释3000倍后防效达到了97.21%,另外10%阿维菌素悬浮剂稀释2000倍后在药后5 d时防效达到了98.13%,显著性高于其他8种药剂的防效;在防治棉田截形叶螨时,药后3 d 10.5%阿维·哒螨灵微乳剂、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂均较好的效果较佳,其中10.5%阿维·哒螨灵微乳剂稀释2500倍后防效达到了91.16%,显著性高于其他7种药剂的防效。【结论】在棉叶螨发生初期,在生产上轮换使用40%稻丰·仲丁威乳油剂、24%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂、30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂、10%阿维菌素悬浮剂这4种药剂防治敦煌叶螨,轮换使用10.5%阿维·哒螨灵微乳剂、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂2种药剂防治截形叶螨。展开更多
Background Cotton crop is infested by numerous arthropod pests from sowing to harvesting,causing substantial direct and indirect yield losses.Knowledge of seasonal population trends and the relative occurrence of pest...Background Cotton crop is infested by numerous arthropod pests from sowing to harvesting,causing substantial direct and indirect yield losses.Knowledge of seasonal population trends and the relative occurrence of pests and their natural enemies is required to minimize the pest population and yield losses.In the current study,analysis of the seasonal population trend of pests and natural enemies and their relative occurrence on cultivars of three cotton species in Central India has been carried out.Results A higher number and diversity of sucking pests were observed during the vegetative cotton growth stage(60 days after sowing),declining as the crop matured.With the exception of cotton jassid(Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida),which caused significant crop damage mainly from August to September;populations of other sucking insects seldom reached economic threshold levels(ETL)throughout the studied period.The bollworm complex populations were minimal,except for the pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders),which re-emerged as a menace to cotton crops during the cotton cropping season 2017–2018 due to resistance development against Bt-cotton.A reasonably good number of predatory arthropods,including coccinellids,lacewings,and spiders,were found actively preying on the arthropod pest complex of the cotton crop during the early vegetative growth stage.Linear regression indicates a significant relationship between green boll infestations and pink bollworm moths in pheromone traps.Multiple linear regression analyse showed mean weekly weather at one-or two-week lag periods had a significant impact on sucking pest population(cotton aphid,cotton jassid,cotton whitefly,and onion thrips)fluctuation.Gossypium hirsutum cultivars RCH 2 and DCH 32,and G.barbadense cultivar Suvin were found susceptible to cotton jassid and onion thrips.Phule Dhanvantary,an G.arboreum cotton cultivar,demonstrated the highest tolerance among all evaluated cultivars against all sucking pests.Conclusion These findings have important implications for pest management in cotton crops.Susceptible cultivars warrant more attention for plant protection measures,making them more input-intensive.The choice of appropriate cultivars can help minimize input costs,thereby increasing net returns for cotton farmers.展开更多
文摘对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),发掘与其关联的标记位点、优异等位变异及典型材料,可为棉花抗黄萎病的分子育种提供理论依据。以403份陆地棉品种(系)资源为材料,利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的201对SSR标记,对3个环境的抗黄萎病性状进行基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)的全基因组关联分析,检测与抗病性状显著关联的位点、优异等位变异及优异典型材料。结果表明,3个环境下各材料的相对病指平均值为53.45,平均变异系数为36.85%,平均偏度系数为-0.46,平均峰度系数为-0.31;201对引物共产生394个等位变异位点,GWAS结果表明有11个位点能同时在2个环境中检测到,其中有2个位点NAU2437b和NAU3493b能同时在3个环境中检测到;结合育种实际,发掘出含有优异等位变异的典型材料7份,其中鲁棉研28同时含有9个优异等位变异;从各材料不同生态区来源分析,来源于黄河流域棉区的材料具有较低的平均表型效应。
文摘【目的】筛选出适合新疆南疆阿克苏地区棉花生产上防控棉叶螨的药剂,对棉叶螨进行有效防控。【方法】通过对南疆阿克苏地区主要叶螨截形叶螨Tetranychus truncatus、敦煌叶螨Tetranychus dunchuangensis开展田间药效试验,分析9种药剂对新疆阿克苏地区棉叶螨的药效情况。【结果】敦煌叶螨药后3 d 30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂、24%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂、40%稻丰·仲丁威乳油剂均效果较好,其中30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂稀释3000倍后防效达到了97.21%,另外10%阿维菌素悬浮剂稀释2000倍后在药后5 d时防效达到了98.13%,显著性高于其他8种药剂的防效;在防治棉田截形叶螨时,药后3 d 10.5%阿维·哒螨灵微乳剂、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂均较好的效果较佳,其中10.5%阿维·哒螨灵微乳剂稀释2500倍后防效达到了91.16%,显著性高于其他7种药剂的防效。【结论】在棉叶螨发生初期,在生产上轮换使用40%稻丰·仲丁威乳油剂、24%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂、30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂、10%阿维菌素悬浮剂这4种药剂防治敦煌叶螨,轮换使用10.5%阿维·哒螨灵微乳剂、22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂2种药剂防治截形叶螨。
基金Funding support for the Crop Pest Surveillance and Advisory Project(CROPSAP)。
文摘Background Cotton crop is infested by numerous arthropod pests from sowing to harvesting,causing substantial direct and indirect yield losses.Knowledge of seasonal population trends and the relative occurrence of pests and their natural enemies is required to minimize the pest population and yield losses.In the current study,analysis of the seasonal population trend of pests and natural enemies and their relative occurrence on cultivars of three cotton species in Central India has been carried out.Results A higher number and diversity of sucking pests were observed during the vegetative cotton growth stage(60 days after sowing),declining as the crop matured.With the exception of cotton jassid(Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida),which caused significant crop damage mainly from August to September;populations of other sucking insects seldom reached economic threshold levels(ETL)throughout the studied period.The bollworm complex populations were minimal,except for the pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders),which re-emerged as a menace to cotton crops during the cotton cropping season 2017–2018 due to resistance development against Bt-cotton.A reasonably good number of predatory arthropods,including coccinellids,lacewings,and spiders,were found actively preying on the arthropod pest complex of the cotton crop during the early vegetative growth stage.Linear regression indicates a significant relationship between green boll infestations and pink bollworm moths in pheromone traps.Multiple linear regression analyse showed mean weekly weather at one-or two-week lag periods had a significant impact on sucking pest population(cotton aphid,cotton jassid,cotton whitefly,and onion thrips)fluctuation.Gossypium hirsutum cultivars RCH 2 and DCH 32,and G.barbadense cultivar Suvin were found susceptible to cotton jassid and onion thrips.Phule Dhanvantary,an G.arboreum cotton cultivar,demonstrated the highest tolerance among all evaluated cultivars against all sucking pests.Conclusion These findings have important implications for pest management in cotton crops.Susceptible cultivars warrant more attention for plant protection measures,making them more input-intensive.The choice of appropriate cultivars can help minimize input costs,thereby increasing net returns for cotton farmers.
