Locust plagues result in significant agricultural and ecological damage,and the current dependence on broadspectrum chemical pesticides raises serious concerns regarding environmental sustainability and public health....Locust plagues result in significant agricultural and ecological damage,and the current dependence on broadspectrum chemical pesticides raises serious concerns regarding environmental sustainability and public health.In this study,we elucidated the biosynthetic pathway of the locust aggregation pheromone 4-vinylanisole(4VA).Through analysis of the crystal structure of the 4VPMT2-4VA-SAM complex,it was determined that 4-nitrophenol acts as a substrate analogue,effectively inhibiting 4VPMT enzyme activity and thereby preventing the formation of 4VA.This study revealed key enzymatic targets and lead inhibitors for intervention,establishing a molecular foundation for pheromone-based,environmentally sustainable locust control strategies and offering a viable alternative to reduce reliance on conventional chemical pesticides.展开更多
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472594).
文摘Locust plagues result in significant agricultural and ecological damage,and the current dependence on broadspectrum chemical pesticides raises serious concerns regarding environmental sustainability and public health.In this study,we elucidated the biosynthetic pathway of the locust aggregation pheromone 4-vinylanisole(4VA).Through analysis of the crystal structure of the 4VPMT2-4VA-SAM complex,it was determined that 4-nitrophenol acts as a substrate analogue,effectively inhibiting 4VPMT enzyme activity and thereby preventing the formation of 4VA.This study revealed key enzymatic targets and lead inhibitors for intervention,establishing a molecular foundation for pheromone-based,environmentally sustainable locust control strategies and offering a viable alternative to reduce reliance on conventional chemical pesticides.
文摘【目的】摩洛哥戟纹蝗Dociostaurus maroccanus作为重大入侵蝗虫,形态鉴定是其种群预警监测的基础。【方法】本文研究分析了采自中国(伊宁)与哈萨克斯坦(阿拉木图)的摩洛哥戟纹蝗与新疆同属的相似种红胫戟纹蝗Dociostaurus kraussi和狭条戟纹蝗Dociostaurus brevicollis的形态差异,比较了中国与哈萨克斯坦两个不同区域摩洛哥戟纹蝗种群的形态指标(包括体长、后足股节长和胫节长等)及前翅长度与后足股节长度比值(Ratio between eleytron length and femur length,E/F)的差异,采用Pearson相关性分析方法对摩洛哥戟纹蝗各形态参数进行相关分析。【结果】在3个近似种中,摩洛哥戟纹蝗体型最大,其后足股节内侧呈淡粉色,而红胫戟纹蝗和狭条戟纹蝗较小,其后足股节内侧为黄褐色或土黄色,摩洛哥戟纹蝗和狭条戟纹蝗后足股节外侧上隆线和下隆线无黑点,而红胫戟纹蝗股节外侧上隆线和下隆线具黑点,这些特征可以作为野外鉴别3种蝗虫的典型特征。相关性分析显示,摩洛哥戟纹蝗雌性、雄性成虫体长分别与前翅长度、后翅长度、后足股节长度、胫节长度等表现出极显著正相关(P<0.001),表明飞行与跳跃器官之间存在显著的协同。伊宁种群体长、后翅面积、前翅长度、股节长度和胫节长度较阿拉木图种群分别高11.63%、19.42%、15.83%、10.53%和10.16%,并且伊宁种群E/F值亦显著高于阿拉木图种群(P<0.001)。【结论】摩洛哥戟纹蝗与红胫戟纹蝗和狭条戟纹蝗具有明显的鉴别特征,可用于野外种类鉴定;伊宁种群与阿拉木图种群有明显的形态差异分化。本研究为入侵种摩洛哥戟纹蝗的精确监测提供科学参考,为理解其跨境迁飞路径提供了形态学依据。
