目的利用孟德尔随机化法(MR)研究高血压是否与肾结石以及输尿管结石有因果关系。方法研究数据均来自IEU Open GWAS Project数据库,55955例患者和对照人群162837例,包含16380466个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的关联分析;肾结石以及输尿管结石的...目的利用孟德尔随机化法(MR)研究高血压是否与肾结石以及输尿管结石有因果关系。方法研究数据均来自IEU Open GWAS Project数据库,55955例患者和对照人群162837例,包含16380466个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的关联分析;肾结石以及输尿管结石的数据集包括患者2427例和对照人群334772例,包含10894596个SNP的关联分析。筛选工具变量SNP,以逆方差加权法(IVW)结果作为效应的主要指标,同时将MR-Egger回归、加权中位数法、基于众数的加权估计3种方法结果作为参考。采用留一法检验敏感性,IVW法和MR-Egger法进行Cochran's Q检验判断异质性,MR-pleiotropy函数检验水平多效性。结果经筛选后,共采用SNP 60个。异质性检验结果发现,SNP之间存在一定的异质性(IVW法和MR-Egger法结果P均<0.05),因此,效应评估采用随机效应模型的结果。IVW法和加权中位数法显示有证据支持高血压和肾结石及输尿管结石之间的因果关系。MR-pleiotropy函数检验显示,水平多效性不太可能影响结果(截距=-6.5e-05;P=0.643)。留一法显示没有对结果影响很大的SNP存在。同时IVW法和加权中位数法的优势比(OR)和95%可信区间(CI)均大于1,这表明高血压与肾结石及输尿管结石风险增加呈正相关。结论MR分析提供了强有力的证据,表明高血压可能与肾结石及输尿管结石有因果关系,高血压促进了肾结石及输尿管结石的发生和发展。展开更多
A kinetic equation for ultrasonic-assisted extraction process was presented based on Fick’s first law of diffusion.The kinetics of ultrasonic-assisted extraction process agreed with the first-order rate equation.Expe...A kinetic equation for ultrasonic-assisted extraction process was presented based on Fick’s first law of diffusion.The kinetics of ultrasonic-assisted extraction process agreed with the first-order rate equation.Experiments for extracting chlorogenic acid from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides were studied under different conditions to evaluate the kinetic equation.Experiment data could partly match the kinetic equation.It provided a theoretical reference for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Chinese traditional medicine.展开更多
文摘A kinetic equation for ultrasonic-assisted extraction process was presented based on Fick’s first law of diffusion.The kinetics of ultrasonic-assisted extraction process agreed with the first-order rate equation.Experiments for extracting chlorogenic acid from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides were studied under different conditions to evaluate the kinetic equation.Experiment data could partly match the kinetic equation.It provided a theoretical reference for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Chinese traditional medicine.
