The work is to investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) irradiation on the procreative system and to provide references for protecting EMP irradiation. BALB/C female or male mice were exposed to EMP rad...The work is to investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) irradiation on the procreative system and to provide references for protecting EMP irradiation. BALB/C female or male mice were exposed to EMP radiation (95.41kV m-1 field intensity, 3×106 and 4×106 pulses). Using the method of embryos teratology, BALB/C female mice were examined to pregnancy rate, the numbers of embryos and gender ratio after the ex- posed female or male mice mated with the shamed male or female respectively at the 1day and 2 month. For part of the EMP 3×106 pulses exposed group, the birth filial generation and learning ability of filial generation was tested with Y type electricity labyrinth, and when the filial grew up, their reaction latency for thermal nociception was tested on a 50℃ surface. In comparison to the sham control, pregnancy rate decreased with the female group exposed to 3×106 pulses EMP radiation and mated 1d after the exposure, and fetal deaths rate increased with the 4×106 pulses EMP irradiation and 1d mated group, resorption embryos rate increased (p<0.05) with the exposed and 2 month mated male or female whereas, the other indexes didn’t change. Learning times of the filial genera- tion whose either parent had been exposed increased distinctly with the control. The first latency on filial genera- tion of the exposed female prolonged comparing to the control, but no significant differences were found in the other indexes. These results suggest that the EMP irradiation can induce some degree of injury on procreative sys- tem of mice, causing decreased pregnancy rate, increased fetal death rate and resorption embryos rate, and de- creased learning ability of the filial generation. However, there were no evidence for effects of the EMP exposure on nociception of the filial generation. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate mechanisms of the EMP irradiation.展开更多
The work is to observe ultrastructure of pituitary gland of rats exposed to electromagnetic pulse (EMP, 200 kV m-1, 200 times)with transmission electron microscope and to explore the effects of EMP on the endocrine sy...The work is to observe ultrastructure of pituitary gland of rats exposed to electromagnetic pulse (EMP, 200 kV m-1, 200 times)with transmission electron microscope and to explore the effects of EMP on the endocrine system. At 6h and 12h after EMP exposure, the intercellular spaces were dilated, swellen mitochondria with cris- tae loss, dilatation of Golgi complex and diffused lysosomes were found in endocrine cells of pituitary gland, es- pecially in prolactin cells and growth hormone cells. There were macrophages infiltrating in intercellular spaces at 24h after EMP exposure, and more mitochondrial vacuolization in prolactin cells, many myelin figures in growth hormone cells and distinct dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum in gonadotropic cells were found. These changes were gradually aggravated. Numerous secondary lysosomes, the gathering of heterochromatins under the nuclear membranes, and cell degeneration and necrosis could be observed at 48h. These results suggest that EMP may damage endocrine cells in pituitary gland of rats, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are the sensitive organ- elles, and prolactin cells and growth hormone cells are perhaps the sensitive cells to EMP.Effect of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) on ultrastructure of pituitary gland in ratsFANG Henghu1 ZENG Guiying1 REN Dongqing1 JIN Cheng1 GUO Yao1 HUANG Xiaofeng21(Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine,Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032) 2(Center of Electron Microscopy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032 ) The work is to observe ultrastructure of pituitary gland of rats exposed to electromagnetic pulse (EMP, 200kV m-1, 200 times)with transmission electron microscope and to explore the effects of EMP on the endocrinesystem. At 6h and 12h after EMP exposure, the intercellular spaces were dilated, swellen mitochondria with cris-tae loss, dilatation of Golgi complex and diffused lysosomes were found in endocrine cells of pituitary gland, es-pecially in prolactin cells and growth hormone cells. There were macrophages infiltrating in intercellular spaces at24h after EMP exposure, and more mitochondrial vacuolization in prolactin cells, many myelin figures in growthhormone cells and distinct dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum in gonadotropic cells were found. These changeswere gradually aggravated. Numerous secondary lysosomes, the gathering of heterochromatins under the nuclearmembranes, and cell degeneration and necrosis could be observed at 48h. These results suggest that EMP maydamage endocrine cells in pituitary gland of rats, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are the sensitive organ-elles, and prolactin cells and growth hormone cells are perhaps the sensitive cells to EMP.KEYWORDS Electromagnetic pulse (EMP), Rat, Pituitary gland,展开更多
The work is to construct a hypoxia-activated adenovirus vector expressing suicide gene BCD and to evaluate anti-tumor effects of the hypoxia-targeted suicide gene therapy system with or without combination radiotherap...The work is to construct a hypoxia-activated adenovirus vector expressing suicide gene BCD and to evaluate anti-tumor effects of the hypoxia-targeted suicide gene therapy system with or without combination radiotherapy. The recombinant adenovirus Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD was generated by the COS-TPC methods. Hela cells were treated with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD infection, followed by incubated with 5FC-containing medium un- der the aerobic conditions or hypoxic conditions for 24h. Cell growth inhibition was determined by MTS assay. Tumor xenografts were established by injecting Hela cells s.c into the right leg ofnu/nu BALB/c mice. The tu- mor-bearing mice were given Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD- mediated gene therapy or combination therapy with radiotherapy. Western blot analysis clearly indicated that significant hypoxia-induced expression of BCD protein after Hela cells were infected with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD. The actual amounts and the ratio of the BCD ex- pression under aerobic and hypoxic conditions were increased with increasing MOI. MTS assay results indicated that hypoxia-induced sensitization to 5FC. Under the hypoxic incubation the IC50 is 20 folds lower than that of the aerobic condition. The increased cytotoxicity at each MOI of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD infection with increasing 5FC concentration was also observed. Tumor growth delay assay results showed that with single radiation or frac- tionated radiation, the Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD+5FC +radiation group produced the longest times to tumor re- growth and average tumor doubling compared with the various control treatment groups. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the combination of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD and prodrug 5-FC can obviously inhibit the growth of Hela cells. Using the mouse xenografts model, we demonstrated the Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD and 5-FC can enhance the antitumor effects of conventional radiation therapy.展开更多
With wide applications of electromagnetic instruments and equipments in medical treatment, scientific re- search and national defense, and daily life items of computers, mobile telephones, and microwave ovens etc, ele...With wide applications of electromagnetic instruments and equipments in medical treatment, scientific re- search and national defense, and daily life items of computers, mobile telephones, and microwave ovens etc, elec- tromagnetic radiations have brought us great benefit. However, there are potential damages with electromagnetic radiations,e.g. the electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which is not ionizing radiation but can cause vibration of atoms or molecules and alter electron energy levels. It has been reported that EMP could decrease the learning and recol- lection ability of mice and rats through inducing metabolic disorder of neurotransmitter in mice brain and affect the brain wave of anesthetized rats. EMP also has some effect on immune, procreation and endocrine system of mice. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was detected in order to observe the effects of J005A electro- magnetic wave shielding textile (JEWST) on bio-effects of EMP. 48 BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into exposure groups and JEWST protection groups (n=6). EMP was generated from a bounded-wave simulator and transmitted into a GTEM cell in which the mice were exposed. The field intensity was 0, 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1, respectively. The integrity of the BBB was determined by a quantitative measurement of Evans blue (EB) dye. The quantity of penetrated EB in brains of the mice increased obviously after exposure to 100, 200and 400 kV m-1 EMP, compared with the control groups (p<0.0 1). In JEWST prevention groups, the quantity of penetrated EB was significantly decreased after exposure compared with the exposure groups. EMPs of 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1 could increase the permeability of BBB in mice. The J005A electromagnetic wave shieldlng textile may prevent BBB from EMP induced BBB injury in mice.展开更多
In this paper, we intended to further investigate the effects of small intestine (Ribonucleic acid, RNA), on gene expression of intestines of irradiated mice. This will provide theoretical bases for repair of γ-ray c...In this paper, we intended to further investigate the effects of small intestine (Ribonucleic acid, RNA), on gene expression of intestines of irradiated mice. This will provide theoretical bases for repair of γ-ray caused damage in small intestine. Twelve BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups, one for irradiated con- trol and the other for small intestine RNA therapy (100μg/mL, 0.4mL). Eighteen hours after γ-ray irradiation with a dose rate of 138.82 cGy/min and a total dose of 1150cGy, the mice were killed and their jejunum were taken out. Fluorescent cDNA probes labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 were prepared from RNA extracted from the intestines of the two groups. The probes of the two groups were hybridized against cDNA gene chip, the fluorescent signals were scanned with a scanner and the results were analyzed by a computer codes. Compared with the control group, 47 genes changed in gene expression profile. The expression levels of 13 genes were up-regulated distinctly, while 34 genes were down-regulated significantly. Among the 47 genes, 20 were reported with known or inferred functions, i.e. 8 up-regulated genes (arginase 1, LPS-binding protein, rpS17, IL-18, beta-1-globin,small proline-rich protein 2A, pancreatitis-associated protein,and haptoglobin gene) and 12 down-regulated genes (component 2, integral membrane protein 2, ATP synthase alpha subunit, Man- nose-6-phosphate receptor, IMP dehydrogenase, Gk-rs1, WW-domain binding protein1, ubiquitin fusion degrada- tion1, α1-actin, natural killer cell protein group 2, UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, and EMK2 gene). The other 27 were reported with unknown functions. In conclusions, small intestine RNA could change specific expressions of some genes in mouse small intes- tines and most of these genes were down-regulated ones.展开更多
The work studies ROS (Reactive oxygen species) release in Deinococcus radiodurans (DR), the relationship between DR proliferation and ROS concentration, and ROS concentration change and its effect in irradiated DR. Th...The work studies ROS (Reactive oxygen species) release in Deinococcus radiodurans (DR), the relationship between DR proliferation and ROS concentration, and ROS concentration change and its effect in irradiated DR. The release of O2 increased with the dose, reaching a peak at 700Gy. At doses higher than 1kGy, the O2 re- lease decreased rapidly. Added with DPI, the O2 release decreased markedly, and after radiation the concentration - of O2 was always lower than the control group (without DPI). .- Irradiations of less than 1kGy could stimulate the DR proliferation, which reached a peak at 1kGy and de- creased at higher doses. At 3kGy, the DR proliferation was lower than the control. Added with DPI, the prolifera- tion did not show obvious change bellow 1kGy. The release of H2O2 in DR increased with the dose, reaching a peak when at 1kGy, and decreased rapidly at higher doses. At 3kGy, the H2O2 concentration was about the same as the 500Gy irradiated sample. Most eukaryotic cells have NADPH oxidase, which converts oxygen molecule to O2 through mono-electron .- reduction. DPI can inhibit the activity of NADPH oxidase specifically. We found that DR could release O2 and .- that the O2 release could be inhibited by DPI. The result manifested that the NADPH oxidase did exist in DR. and .- O2 was necessary for the transcription of the proliferation-related genes. We also found that H2O2 may play a role .- in DR proliferation. These provide a new idea for further studies on signal transportation and mechanisms of coor- dination in DR proliferation and repair after irradiation.展开更多
文摘The work is to investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) irradiation on the procreative system and to provide references for protecting EMP irradiation. BALB/C female or male mice were exposed to EMP radiation (95.41kV m-1 field intensity, 3×106 and 4×106 pulses). Using the method of embryos teratology, BALB/C female mice were examined to pregnancy rate, the numbers of embryos and gender ratio after the ex- posed female or male mice mated with the shamed male or female respectively at the 1day and 2 month. For part of the EMP 3×106 pulses exposed group, the birth filial generation and learning ability of filial generation was tested with Y type electricity labyrinth, and when the filial grew up, their reaction latency for thermal nociception was tested on a 50℃ surface. In comparison to the sham control, pregnancy rate decreased with the female group exposed to 3×106 pulses EMP radiation and mated 1d after the exposure, and fetal deaths rate increased with the 4×106 pulses EMP irradiation and 1d mated group, resorption embryos rate increased (p<0.05) with the exposed and 2 month mated male or female whereas, the other indexes didn’t change. Learning times of the filial genera- tion whose either parent had been exposed increased distinctly with the control. The first latency on filial genera- tion of the exposed female prolonged comparing to the control, but no significant differences were found in the other indexes. These results suggest that the EMP irradiation can induce some degree of injury on procreative sys- tem of mice, causing decreased pregnancy rate, increased fetal death rate and resorption embryos rate, and de- creased learning ability of the filial generation. However, there were no evidence for effects of the EMP exposure on nociception of the filial generation. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate mechanisms of the EMP irradiation.
文摘The work is to observe ultrastructure of pituitary gland of rats exposed to electromagnetic pulse (EMP, 200 kV m-1, 200 times)with transmission electron microscope and to explore the effects of EMP on the endocrine system. At 6h and 12h after EMP exposure, the intercellular spaces were dilated, swellen mitochondria with cris- tae loss, dilatation of Golgi complex and diffused lysosomes were found in endocrine cells of pituitary gland, es- pecially in prolactin cells and growth hormone cells. There were macrophages infiltrating in intercellular spaces at 24h after EMP exposure, and more mitochondrial vacuolization in prolactin cells, many myelin figures in growth hormone cells and distinct dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum in gonadotropic cells were found. These changes were gradually aggravated. Numerous secondary lysosomes, the gathering of heterochromatins under the nuclear membranes, and cell degeneration and necrosis could be observed at 48h. These results suggest that EMP may damage endocrine cells in pituitary gland of rats, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are the sensitive organ- elles, and prolactin cells and growth hormone cells are perhaps the sensitive cells to EMP.Effect of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) on ultrastructure of pituitary gland in ratsFANG Henghu1 ZENG Guiying1 REN Dongqing1 JIN Cheng1 GUO Yao1 HUANG Xiaofeng21(Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine,Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032) 2(Center of Electron Microscopy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032 ) The work is to observe ultrastructure of pituitary gland of rats exposed to electromagnetic pulse (EMP, 200kV m-1, 200 times)with transmission electron microscope and to explore the effects of EMP on the endocrinesystem. At 6h and 12h after EMP exposure, the intercellular spaces were dilated, swellen mitochondria with cris-tae loss, dilatation of Golgi complex and diffused lysosomes were found in endocrine cells of pituitary gland, es-pecially in prolactin cells and growth hormone cells. There were macrophages infiltrating in intercellular spaces at24h after EMP exposure, and more mitochondrial vacuolization in prolactin cells, many myelin figures in growthhormone cells and distinct dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum in gonadotropic cells were found. These changeswere gradually aggravated. Numerous secondary lysosomes, the gathering of heterochromatins under the nuclearmembranes, and cell degeneration and necrosis could be observed at 48h. These results suggest that EMP maydamage endocrine cells in pituitary gland of rats, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are the sensitive organ-elles, and prolactin cells and growth hormone cells are perhaps the sensitive cells to EMP.KEYWORDS Electromagnetic pulse (EMP), Rat, Pituitary gland,
文摘The work is to construct a hypoxia-activated adenovirus vector expressing suicide gene BCD and to evaluate anti-tumor effects of the hypoxia-targeted suicide gene therapy system with or without combination radiotherapy. The recombinant adenovirus Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD was generated by the COS-TPC methods. Hela cells were treated with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD infection, followed by incubated with 5FC-containing medium un- der the aerobic conditions or hypoxic conditions for 24h. Cell growth inhibition was determined by MTS assay. Tumor xenografts were established by injecting Hela cells s.c into the right leg ofnu/nu BALB/c mice. The tu- mor-bearing mice were given Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD- mediated gene therapy or combination therapy with radiotherapy. Western blot analysis clearly indicated that significant hypoxia-induced expression of BCD protein after Hela cells were infected with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD. The actual amounts and the ratio of the BCD ex- pression under aerobic and hypoxic conditions were increased with increasing MOI. MTS assay results indicated that hypoxia-induced sensitization to 5FC. Under the hypoxic incubation the IC50 is 20 folds lower than that of the aerobic condition. The increased cytotoxicity at each MOI of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD infection with increasing 5FC concentration was also observed. Tumor growth delay assay results showed that with single radiation or frac- tionated radiation, the Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD+5FC +radiation group produced the longest times to tumor re- growth and average tumor doubling compared with the various control treatment groups. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the combination of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD and prodrug 5-FC can obviously inhibit the growth of Hela cells. Using the mouse xenografts model, we demonstrated the Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD and 5-FC can enhance the antitumor effects of conventional radiation therapy.
文摘With wide applications of electromagnetic instruments and equipments in medical treatment, scientific re- search and national defense, and daily life items of computers, mobile telephones, and microwave ovens etc, elec- tromagnetic radiations have brought us great benefit. However, there are potential damages with electromagnetic radiations,e.g. the electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which is not ionizing radiation but can cause vibration of atoms or molecules and alter electron energy levels. It has been reported that EMP could decrease the learning and recol- lection ability of mice and rats through inducing metabolic disorder of neurotransmitter in mice brain and affect the brain wave of anesthetized rats. EMP also has some effect on immune, procreation and endocrine system of mice. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was detected in order to observe the effects of J005A electro- magnetic wave shielding textile (JEWST) on bio-effects of EMP. 48 BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into exposure groups and JEWST protection groups (n=6). EMP was generated from a bounded-wave simulator and transmitted into a GTEM cell in which the mice were exposed. The field intensity was 0, 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1, respectively. The integrity of the BBB was determined by a quantitative measurement of Evans blue (EB) dye. The quantity of penetrated EB in brains of the mice increased obviously after exposure to 100, 200and 400 kV m-1 EMP, compared with the control groups (p<0.0 1). In JEWST prevention groups, the quantity of penetrated EB was significantly decreased after exposure compared with the exposure groups. EMPs of 100, 200 and 400 kV m-1 could increase the permeability of BBB in mice. The J005A electromagnetic wave shieldlng textile may prevent BBB from EMP induced BBB injury in mice.
文摘In this paper, we intended to further investigate the effects of small intestine (Ribonucleic acid, RNA), on gene expression of intestines of irradiated mice. This will provide theoretical bases for repair of γ-ray caused damage in small intestine. Twelve BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups, one for irradiated con- trol and the other for small intestine RNA therapy (100μg/mL, 0.4mL). Eighteen hours after γ-ray irradiation with a dose rate of 138.82 cGy/min and a total dose of 1150cGy, the mice were killed and their jejunum were taken out. Fluorescent cDNA probes labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 were prepared from RNA extracted from the intestines of the two groups. The probes of the two groups were hybridized against cDNA gene chip, the fluorescent signals were scanned with a scanner and the results were analyzed by a computer codes. Compared with the control group, 47 genes changed in gene expression profile. The expression levels of 13 genes were up-regulated distinctly, while 34 genes were down-regulated significantly. Among the 47 genes, 20 were reported with known or inferred functions, i.e. 8 up-regulated genes (arginase 1, LPS-binding protein, rpS17, IL-18, beta-1-globin,small proline-rich protein 2A, pancreatitis-associated protein,and haptoglobin gene) and 12 down-regulated genes (component 2, integral membrane protein 2, ATP synthase alpha subunit, Man- nose-6-phosphate receptor, IMP dehydrogenase, Gk-rs1, WW-domain binding protein1, ubiquitin fusion degrada- tion1, α1-actin, natural killer cell protein group 2, UDP-glucose dehydrogenase, and EMK2 gene). The other 27 were reported with unknown functions. In conclusions, small intestine RNA could change specific expressions of some genes in mouse small intes- tines and most of these genes were down-regulated ones.
文摘The work studies ROS (Reactive oxygen species) release in Deinococcus radiodurans (DR), the relationship between DR proliferation and ROS concentration, and ROS concentration change and its effect in irradiated DR. The release of O2 increased with the dose, reaching a peak at 700Gy. At doses higher than 1kGy, the O2 re- lease decreased rapidly. Added with DPI, the O2 release decreased markedly, and after radiation the concentration - of O2 was always lower than the control group (without DPI). .- Irradiations of less than 1kGy could stimulate the DR proliferation, which reached a peak at 1kGy and de- creased at higher doses. At 3kGy, the DR proliferation was lower than the control. Added with DPI, the prolifera- tion did not show obvious change bellow 1kGy. The release of H2O2 in DR increased with the dose, reaching a peak when at 1kGy, and decreased rapidly at higher doses. At 3kGy, the H2O2 concentration was about the same as the 500Gy irradiated sample. Most eukaryotic cells have NADPH oxidase, which converts oxygen molecule to O2 through mono-electron .- reduction. DPI can inhibit the activity of NADPH oxidase specifically. We found that DR could release O2 and .- that the O2 release could be inhibited by DPI. The result manifested that the NADPH oxidase did exist in DR. and .- O2 was necessary for the transcription of the proliferation-related genes. We also found that H2O2 may play a role .- in DR proliferation. These provide a new idea for further studies on signal transportation and mechanisms of coor- dination in DR proliferation and repair after irradiation.
