18世纪前,许多学者对鼻腔鼻窦解剖进行不懈的探索,解剖学家Casserio描述筛板、鸡冠和鼻甲结构,Ingrassia发现筛窦气房,Mihalkovics出版首部《鼻和鼻窦解剖学》专著,而筛窦区域的一些复杂气房却一直困扰解剖学家。就是在这个"解剖...18世纪前,许多学者对鼻腔鼻窦解剖进行不懈的探索,解剖学家Casserio描述筛板、鸡冠和鼻甲结构,Ingrassia发现筛窦气房,Mihalkovics出版首部《鼻和鼻窦解剖学》专著,而筛窦区域的一些复杂气房却一直困扰解剖学家。就是在这个"解剖学暗区"里,瑞士学者Albert von Haller做出开创性的研究,他首次描述的眶下筛窦气房(后被命名为Haller气房)成为现代鼻窦外科的关键解剖标志,对鼻内镜手术的发展具有深远影响。展开更多
The airflow mechanics in adult nasal airways,whether healthy or abnormal,are extensively studied and investigated,but the flow mechanics in child nasal airways remain underexplored.This study investigates the airflow ...The airflow mechanics in adult nasal airways,whether healthy or abnormal,are extensively studied and investigated,but the flow mechanics in child nasal airways remain underexplored.This study investigates the airflow mechanics in the child’s nasal upper airway with adenoid hypertrophy,with an adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio(AN of 0.9),under cyclic inhalation and exhalation.An inlet respiratory cycle with three different flow rates(3.2 L/min calm breathing,8.6 L/min normal breathing,and 19.3 L/min intensive breathing)was simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics approach.To better capture the interaction between airflow and the flexible airway tissue,fluid-structure interaction analysis was performed at the normal breathing rate.Comparing the airflow dynamics during inhalation and exhalation,the pressure drops,nasal resistance,and wall shear stress show significant differences in the nasopharyngeal region for all different flow rates.This observation suggests that the inertial effect associated with the transient flow is important during exhalation and inhalation.Furthermore,the considerable temporal variation in flow rate distribution across a specific cross-section of the nasal airway highlights the critical role of transient data in virtual surgery planning and data for clinical decisions.展开更多
文摘18世纪前,许多学者对鼻腔鼻窦解剖进行不懈的探索,解剖学家Casserio描述筛板、鸡冠和鼻甲结构,Ingrassia发现筛窦气房,Mihalkovics出版首部《鼻和鼻窦解剖学》专著,而筛窦区域的一些复杂气房却一直困扰解剖学家。就是在这个"解剖学暗区"里,瑞士学者Albert von Haller做出开创性的研究,他首次描述的眶下筛窦气房(后被命名为Haller气房)成为现代鼻窦外科的关键解剖标志,对鼻内镜手术的发展具有深远影响。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF0707601).
文摘The airflow mechanics in adult nasal airways,whether healthy or abnormal,are extensively studied and investigated,but the flow mechanics in child nasal airways remain underexplored.This study investigates the airflow mechanics in the child’s nasal upper airway with adenoid hypertrophy,with an adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio(AN of 0.9),under cyclic inhalation and exhalation.An inlet respiratory cycle with three different flow rates(3.2 L/min calm breathing,8.6 L/min normal breathing,and 19.3 L/min intensive breathing)was simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics approach.To better capture the interaction between airflow and the flexible airway tissue,fluid-structure interaction analysis was performed at the normal breathing rate.Comparing the airflow dynamics during inhalation and exhalation,the pressure drops,nasal resistance,and wall shear stress show significant differences in the nasopharyngeal region for all different flow rates.This observation suggests that the inertial effect associated with the transient flow is important during exhalation and inhalation.Furthermore,the considerable temporal variation in flow rate distribution across a specific cross-section of the nasal airway highlights the critical role of transient data in virtual surgery planning and data for clinical decisions.
