The Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)causes Japanese encephalitis(JE),a severe disease that primarily affects children and induces significant central nervous system complications.With the widespread adoption of vaccin...The Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)causes Japanese encephalitis(JE),a severe disease that primarily affects children and induces significant central nervous system complications.With the widespread adoption of vaccination in children,the incidence among older individuals has increased substantially.Despite this epidemiological shift,research on JEV infection in the elderly remains limited.We established JEV infection models using both aged and young mice to explore age-related differences in pathology and underlying mechanisms.Brain tissue samples were analyzed for pathological changes and viral tropism in major cell types.To further characterize immune response variations,we conducted transcriptomic sequencing on the brain tissues following JEV infection.Aged mice exhibited lower mortality,delayed disease progression,and milder brain pathology compared to young mice after JEV infection.Viral titers and infection rates of major brain cell types were similar in both groups.Transcriptomic analysis revealed diminished immune activation and weaker inflammatory responses in aged mice.Additionally,microglial activation and CD8^(+) T cell function were significantly reduced.Interestingly,JEV infection induced the selective recruitment of B cells in the brains of aged mice.These B cells may modulate the effects of CD8^(+) T cells in the disease process.Compared to young mice,aged mice showed enhanced resistance to JEV progression and reduced brain pathology.This resistance was associated with a weakened immune response in the aged brain,rather than differences in viral infection.The specific recruitment of B cells in the brains of aged mice may play a crucial role in limiting disease progression.展开更多
目的了解2019—2023年云南省楚雄州急性脑膜炎/脑炎综合征(acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome,AMES)监测病例中流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒感染情况及其流行病学特征,为诊治乙脑及有效防控提供科学依据。方法用捕获ELISA法检测...目的了解2019—2023年云南省楚雄州急性脑膜炎/脑炎综合征(acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome,AMES)监测病例中流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒感染情况及其流行病学特征,为诊治乙脑及有效防控提供科学依据。方法用捕获ELISA法检测哨点医院临床诊断急性脑膜炎/脑炎综合征病例的血清及脑脊液标本内乙脑IgM抗体,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果2019—2023年共发病22例,年均发病率为0.18/10万,乙脑发病率2019年最高(0.29/10万)、2023年最低(0.00/10万),无明显下降趋势(χ^(2)=2.680,P>0.05);共收集病例样本233份,乙脑抗体阳性22份、检出率9.44%;阳性检出率血清(9.05%)和脑脊液(4.38%)差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.739,P>0.05);乙脑阳性率2019年最高(17.07%)、2023年最低(0.00%),无明显下降趋势(χ^(2)=2.363,P>0.05);病例高峰集中于9—10月、占68.17%;地区分布以楚雄市为主、占40.91%;职业分布以农民为主、占59.09%;年龄分布以20岁以上人群为主、占95.45%。结论2019—2023年楚雄州乙脑发病率无下降趋势;应加强楚雄市20岁以上农民乙脑防控知识的宣传,做好控制动物宿主、防蚊灭蚊、疫苗接种工作。展开更多
Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases a...Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of China.Methods In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and G5.Results Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to 2020.Seventy of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with JEV.Two cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 JEV.Conclusion G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.展开更多
目的探讨空间回归技术在筛选影响广西壮族自治区(简称广西)流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)发病的气象因素中的价值,为广西乙脑的区域性生态预防提供科学依据。方法利用空间滞后模型(spatial lag mod-el,SLM)和地理加权回归分析(geographical ...目的探讨空间回归技术在筛选影响广西壮族自治区(简称广西)流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)发病的气象因素中的价值,为广西乙脑的区域性生态预防提供科学依据。方法利用空间滞后模型(spatial lag mod-el,SLM)和地理加权回归分析(geographical weighted regression,GWR)从全局和局部2个水平上探讨广西乙脑发病率与气象因素间的量化关系。结果空间滞后模型拟合结果表明:AIC=18.69、R2=0.64、模型残差独立。GWR拟合结果表明:AIC=14.99、R2=0.62、模型残差独立;气象因素对乙脑发病的影响效应具有空间变异性,不同地区的地理加权回归系数β和拟合优度R2不同。结论空间回归技术在探讨具有空间自相关性和异质性的疾病数据的影响因素时,较经典回归分析效果好。广西年均相对湿度、年均日照、年均气压是影响乙脑发病的主要气象因素,且具有空间变异性。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172266to P.G.W.)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7232002 to N.G.).
文摘The Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)causes Japanese encephalitis(JE),a severe disease that primarily affects children and induces significant central nervous system complications.With the widespread adoption of vaccination in children,the incidence among older individuals has increased substantially.Despite this epidemiological shift,research on JEV infection in the elderly remains limited.We established JEV infection models using both aged and young mice to explore age-related differences in pathology and underlying mechanisms.Brain tissue samples were analyzed for pathological changes and viral tropism in major cell types.To further characterize immune response variations,we conducted transcriptomic sequencing on the brain tissues following JEV infection.Aged mice exhibited lower mortality,delayed disease progression,and milder brain pathology compared to young mice after JEV infection.Viral titers and infection rates of major brain cell types were similar in both groups.Transcriptomic analysis revealed diminished immune activation and weaker inflammatory responses in aged mice.Additionally,microglial activation and CD8^(+) T cell function were significantly reduced.Interestingly,JEV infection induced the selective recruitment of B cells in the brains of aged mice.These B cells may modulate the effects of CD8^(+) T cells in the disease process.Compared to young mice,aged mice showed enhanced resistance to JEV progression and reduced brain pathology.This resistance was associated with a weakened immune response in the aged brain,rather than differences in viral infection.The specific recruitment of B cells in the brains of aged mice may play a crucial role in limiting disease progression.
文摘目的了解2019—2023年云南省楚雄州急性脑膜炎/脑炎综合征(acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome,AMES)监测病例中流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)病毒感染情况及其流行病学特征,为诊治乙脑及有效防控提供科学依据。方法用捕获ELISA法检测哨点医院临床诊断急性脑膜炎/脑炎综合征病例的血清及脑脊液标本内乙脑IgM抗体,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果2019—2023年共发病22例,年均发病率为0.18/10万,乙脑发病率2019年最高(0.29/10万)、2023年最低(0.00/10万),无明显下降趋势(χ^(2)=2.680,P>0.05);共收集病例样本233份,乙脑抗体阳性22份、检出率9.44%;阳性检出率血清(9.05%)和脑脊液(4.38%)差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.739,P>0.05);乙脑阳性率2019年最高(17.07%)、2023年最低(0.00%),无明显下降趋势(χ^(2)=2.363,P>0.05);病例高峰集中于9—10月、占68.17%;地区分布以楚雄市为主、占40.91%;职业分布以农民为主、占59.09%;年龄分布以20岁以上人群为主、占95.45%。结论2019—2023年楚雄州乙脑发病率无下降趋势;应加强楚雄市20岁以上农民乙脑防控知识的宣传,做好控制动物宿主、防蚊灭蚊、疫苗接种工作。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program[2022YFC2302700].
文摘Objective Genotypes(G)1,3,and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)have been isolated in China,but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown.We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis(JE)in the coastal provinces of China.Methods In this study,we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China(Guangdong,Zhejiang,and Shandong)from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1,G3,and G5.Results Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong(92 patients),Zhejiang(192 patients),and Guangdong(77 patients),China,from 2018 to 2020.Seventy of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with JEV.Two cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV,32 with G3 JEV,and two with G5 JEV.Conclusion G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype,and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.
文摘目的探讨空间回归技术在筛选影响广西壮族自治区(简称广西)流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)发病的气象因素中的价值,为广西乙脑的区域性生态预防提供科学依据。方法利用空间滞后模型(spatial lag mod-el,SLM)和地理加权回归分析(geographical weighted regression,GWR)从全局和局部2个水平上探讨广西乙脑发病率与气象因素间的量化关系。结果空间滞后模型拟合结果表明:AIC=18.69、R2=0.64、模型残差独立。GWR拟合结果表明:AIC=14.99、R2=0.62、模型残差独立;气象因素对乙脑发病的影响效应具有空间变异性,不同地区的地理加权回归系数β和拟合优度R2不同。结论空间回归技术在探讨具有空间自相关性和异质性的疾病数据的影响因素时,较经典回归分析效果好。广西年均相对湿度、年均日照、年均气压是影响乙脑发病的主要气象因素,且具有空间变异性。
