过去数十年,子宫颈癌的防控推动了高危人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papilloma virus,HR-HPV)研究的深入,除了女性外,男性也是HPV感染的重要宿主,其感染的流行病学特征及防控措施尚处于研究“洼地”。我国作为HPV感染高负担国家,男性HP...过去数十年,子宫颈癌的防控推动了高危人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papilloma virus,HR-HPV)研究的深入,除了女性外,男性也是HPV感染的重要宿主,其感染的流行病学特征及防控措施尚处于研究“洼地”。我国作为HPV感染高负担国家,男性HPV相关疾病(如肛门癌、肛门生殖器疣)的发病率持续攀升。本文将从流行病学、疾病负担、传播风险、检测技术及疫苗防控五个维度,分析男性HPV感染的研究现状与预防,提出男性HPV感染需要关注的问题。展开更多
分析甲型流感患者护理领域的研究现状、热点主题及发展趋势,为提高感染性疾病患者的护理质量提供理论参考。以中国知网(CNKI)为数据源,采用Cite Space 6.4.R1软件对筛选后的467篇有效文献进行可视化计量分析。结果显示:该研究领域的发...分析甲型流感患者护理领域的研究现状、热点主题及发展趋势,为提高感染性疾病患者的护理质量提供理论参考。以中国知网(CNKI)为数据源,采用Cite Space 6.4.R1软件对筛选后的467篇有效文献进行可视化计量分析。结果显示:该研究领域的发文量与甲型流感疫情的防控态势呈动态关联,在疫情暴发期呈快速攀升态势,防控形势趋稳后则逐步回落并趋于稳定。核心作者与研究机构参与从早期区域集中协作逐步拓展为多地区、多机构的分散式网络,地域覆盖范围与研究力量持续丰富。关键词共现与聚类分析形成9个核心主题模块,聚焦重症与特殊人群护理、感染防控护理管理、患者心理护理三大热点方向。关键词突现分析结果表明,研究热点从早期基础护理措施逐步向心理支持、特殊人群关怀等方向深化,呈现出常态化、前瞻性的发展趋势。可见甲型流感患者护理领域已实现从应急响应到体系化布局的发展,后续需强化常态化研究布局与跨主题交叉研究,提高该研究领域的深度。展开更多
To explore the mechanisms underlying ocular infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),we conducted a comprehensive review of current literature,focusing on viral entry pathways,receptor ...To explore the mechanisms underlying ocular infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),we conducted a comprehensive review of current literature,focusing on viral entry pathways,receptor expression in ocular tissues,and associated clinical manifestations.This review encompasses studies published within the last five years with a focus on original research and systematic reviews that provide molecular,histological,or clinical evidence.The findings show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect ocular tissues through multiple receptors beyond angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),including transmembrane serine protease 2(TMPRSS2),CD147,alanyl aminopeptidase N(ANPEP),dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4),angiotensin II receptor type 2(AGTR2),and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(PIGR),which are expressed in retinal,conjunctival,corneal,limbal,and photoreceptor cells.The virus may also reach ocular structures via neurovascular invasion.Clinically,patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)may present with a broad spectrum of ophthalmic manifestations,including conjunctivitis,hyperreflective lesions in the inner retinal layers,flame-shaped hemorrhages,cottonwool spots,retinal pallor,hard exudates,and various forms of maculopathy,such as paracentral acute middle maculopathy and acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN).These signs reflect both direct viral damage and secondary effects of systemic inflammation and microvascular injury.Understanding the molecular and clinical spectrum of ocular involvement is essential for early diagnosis,appropriate ophthalmologic care,and the prevention of long-term visual sequelae in patients affected by COVID-19.展开更多
文摘目的探讨自回归移动平均模型-长短期记忆(autoregressive integrated moving average-long short-term memory,ARIMA-LSTM)组合模型在肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)不同流行模式发病率预测中应用的可行性。方法收集1961—2020年全国HFRS年发病率、2004年1月至2020年12月全国、黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省、陕西省、山东省、河北省、广东省HFRS逐月发病率数据;全国及黑龙江省作为冬峰较春峰高代表,吉林省、辽宁省作为春峰与冬峰相当代表,陕西省、山东省作为仅存在冬峰代表,河北省、广东省作为仅存在春峰代表。1961—2014年逐年发病率、2004年1月至2020年6月逐月发病率数据作为训练集,2015—2020年逐年发病率、2020年7-12月逐月发病率数据作为测试集。分别建立ARIMA模型、ARIMA-LSTM组合模型,采用平均绝对百分比误差下降率(decline rate of mean absolute percentage error,DR_(MAPE))、均方根误差下降率(decline rate of root mean squared error,DRRMSE)评价模型拟合及预测精度优化程度。结果全国逐年、全国及黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省、陕西省、山东省、河北省、广东省逐月HFRS发病率拟合最佳ARIMA模型分别为ARIMA(2,0,0)、ARIMA(3,1,0)(2,1,1)_(12)、ARIMA(2,0,1)(2,1,1)_(12)、ARIMA(3,0,0)(2,1,1)_(12)含常数项、ARIMA(2,1,1)(2,1,1)_(12)、ARIMA(1,0,3)(1,1,0)_(12)、ARIMA(0,1,3)(2,1,1)_(12)、ARIMA(1,1,3)(2,0,0)_(12)、ARIMA(3,1,1)(1,1,1)_(12)。全国逐年、全国及黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省、陕西省、山东省、河北省、广东省逐月数据建立ARIMA-LSTM组合模型较ARIMA模型拟合的DR_(MAPE)依次为-19.57%、-46.38%、-43.27%、-46.37%、-49.70%、-48.36%、-58.23%、-35.52%、-48.74%;DRRMSE依次为-11.21%、-36.17%、-64.89%、-55.68%、-54.81%、-31.76%、-39.69%、-55.64%、-30.06%。全国逐年、全国及黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省、陕西省、山东省、河北省、广东省逐月数据建立ARIMA-LSTM组合模型较ARIMA模型预测的DR_(MAPE)依次为-11.10%、-8.69%、-19.68%、-36.17%、-55.57%、-9.44%、-14.60%、-14.22%、-9.26%;DRRMSE依次为-14.43%、-7.42%、-12.66%、-13.83%、-36.56%、10.37%、81.14%、-19.68%、-1.18%。结论ARIMA-LSTM组合模型总体在各类HFRS数据中拟合及预测效果均优于ARIMA模型,LSTM适于我国HFRS预测模型优化,但陕西省和山东省不适于ARIMA-LSTM预测。
文摘过去数十年,子宫颈癌的防控推动了高危人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papilloma virus,HR-HPV)研究的深入,除了女性外,男性也是HPV感染的重要宿主,其感染的流行病学特征及防控措施尚处于研究“洼地”。我国作为HPV感染高负担国家,男性HPV相关疾病(如肛门癌、肛门生殖器疣)的发病率持续攀升。本文将从流行病学、疾病负担、传播风险、检测技术及疫苗防控五个维度,分析男性HPV感染的研究现状与预防,提出男性HPV感染需要关注的问题。
文摘分析甲型流感患者护理领域的研究现状、热点主题及发展趋势,为提高感染性疾病患者的护理质量提供理论参考。以中国知网(CNKI)为数据源,采用Cite Space 6.4.R1软件对筛选后的467篇有效文献进行可视化计量分析。结果显示:该研究领域的发文量与甲型流感疫情的防控态势呈动态关联,在疫情暴发期呈快速攀升态势,防控形势趋稳后则逐步回落并趋于稳定。核心作者与研究机构参与从早期区域集中协作逐步拓展为多地区、多机构的分散式网络,地域覆盖范围与研究力量持续丰富。关键词共现与聚类分析形成9个核心主题模块,聚焦重症与特殊人群护理、感染防控护理管理、患者心理护理三大热点方向。关键词突现分析结果表明,研究热点从早期基础护理措施逐步向心理支持、特殊人群关怀等方向深化,呈现出常态化、前瞻性的发展趋势。可见甲型流感患者护理领域已实现从应急响应到体系化布局的发展,后续需强化常态化研究布局与跨主题交叉研究,提高该研究领域的深度。
文摘To explore the mechanisms underlying ocular infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),we conducted a comprehensive review of current literature,focusing on viral entry pathways,receptor expression in ocular tissues,and associated clinical manifestations.This review encompasses studies published within the last five years with a focus on original research and systematic reviews that provide molecular,histological,or clinical evidence.The findings show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect ocular tissues through multiple receptors beyond angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),including transmembrane serine protease 2(TMPRSS2),CD147,alanyl aminopeptidase N(ANPEP),dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4),angiotensin II receptor type 2(AGTR2),and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(PIGR),which are expressed in retinal,conjunctival,corneal,limbal,and photoreceptor cells.The virus may also reach ocular structures via neurovascular invasion.Clinically,patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)may present with a broad spectrum of ophthalmic manifestations,including conjunctivitis,hyperreflective lesions in the inner retinal layers,flame-shaped hemorrhages,cottonwool spots,retinal pallor,hard exudates,and various forms of maculopathy,such as paracentral acute middle maculopathy and acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN).These signs reflect both direct viral damage and secondary effects of systemic inflammation and microvascular injury.Understanding the molecular and clinical spectrum of ocular involvement is essential for early diagnosis,appropriate ophthalmologic care,and the prevention of long-term visual sequelae in patients affected by COVID-19.
