为明确西北地区重要药用植物唐古红景天(Rhodiola tangutica)的叶绿体基因组结构特点、基因信息和系统发育关系,该研究利用Illumina NovaSeq6000对基因组进行了测序,运用GeSeq、PGA、NOVOPlasty、IRscope、MISA等多种生物信息学分析软...为明确西北地区重要药用植物唐古红景天(Rhodiola tangutica)的叶绿体基因组结构特点、基因信息和系统发育关系,该研究利用Illumina NovaSeq6000对基因组进行了测序,运用GeSeq、PGA、NOVOPlasty、IRscope、MISA等多种生物信息学分析软件对其结构、基因功能和亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明:(1)唐古红景天的叶绿体基因组呈四分体环状结构,由82121 bp LSC、16996 bp SSC和25873 bp IR区构成,全长150863 bp,总GC含量为37.8%,IR区GC含量最高(42.9%);编码131个基因,包括85个PCGs、38个tRNAs和8个rRNAs。(2)检测到32471个密码子,其中编码半胱氨酸(Cys)最少(1.18%)、异亮氨酸(Ile)密码子占比最多(8.24%),29种密码子的RSCU值均大于1。(3)IR区分析显示,rps19和ndhF均向IRB扩张。(4)系统发育分析表明,唐古红景天与四裂红景天(R.quadrifida)的亲缘最近,分歧时间估计显示红景天属(Rhodiola)物种的起源时间平均为15.50 Mya(95%HPD:6.0~21.0 Mya)。该研究结果明晰了唐古红景天的叶绿体基因组特征,获得了红景天属物种较为合理的系统发育关系,为红景天属遗传多样性研究、适应性进化机制讨论以及种质资源保护等提供了理论依据。展开更多
Polyploidy is a major factor in the evolution of plants,yet we know little about the origin and evolution of polyploidy in intertidal species.This study aimed to identify the evolutionary transitions in three truemang...Polyploidy is a major factor in the evolution of plants,yet we know little about the origin and evolution of polyploidy in intertidal species.This study aimed to identify the evolutionary transitions in three truemangrove species of the genus Acanthus distributed in the Indo-West Pacific region.For this purpose,we took an integrative approach that combined data on morphology,cytology,climatic niche,phylogeny,and biogeography of 493 samples from 42 geographic sites.Our results show that the Acanthus ilicifolius lineage distributed east of the Thai-Malay Peninsula possesses a tetraploid karyotype,which is morphologically distinct from that of the lineage on the west side.The haplotype networks and phylogenetic trees for the chloroplast genome and eight nuclear genes reveal that the tetraploid species has two sub-genomes,one each from A.ilicifolius and A.ebracteatus,the paternal and maternal parents,respectively.Population structure analysis also supports the hybrid speciation history of the new tetraploid species.The two sub-genomes of the tetraploid species diverged from their diploid progenitors during the Pleistocene.Environmental niche models revealed that the tetraploid species not only occupied the near-entire niche space of the diploids,but also expanded into novel environments.Our findings suggest that A.ilicifolius species distributed on the east side of the Thai-Malay Peninsula should be regarded as a new species,A.tetraploideus,which originated from hybridization between A.ilicifolius and A.ebracteatus,followed by chromosome doubling.This is the first report of a true-mangrove allopolyploid species that can reproduce sexually and clonally reproduction,which explains the long-term adaptive potential of the species.展开更多
Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specim...Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specimen,and geographical distribution of the species are described.The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam,but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN),Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).展开更多
文摘为明确西北地区重要药用植物唐古红景天(Rhodiola tangutica)的叶绿体基因组结构特点、基因信息和系统发育关系,该研究利用Illumina NovaSeq6000对基因组进行了测序,运用GeSeq、PGA、NOVOPlasty、IRscope、MISA等多种生物信息学分析软件对其结构、基因功能和亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明:(1)唐古红景天的叶绿体基因组呈四分体环状结构,由82121 bp LSC、16996 bp SSC和25873 bp IR区构成,全长150863 bp,总GC含量为37.8%,IR区GC含量最高(42.9%);编码131个基因,包括85个PCGs、38个tRNAs和8个rRNAs。(2)检测到32471个密码子,其中编码半胱氨酸(Cys)最少(1.18%)、异亮氨酸(Ile)密码子占比最多(8.24%),29种密码子的RSCU值均大于1。(3)IR区分析显示,rps19和ndhF均向IRB扩张。(4)系统发育分析表明,唐古红景天与四裂红景天(R.quadrifida)的亲缘最近,分歧时间估计显示红景天属(Rhodiola)物种的起源时间平均为15.50 Mya(95%HPD:6.0~21.0 Mya)。该研究结果明晰了唐古红景天的叶绿体基因组特征,获得了红景天属物种较为合理的系统发育关系,为红景天属遗传多样性研究、适应性进化机制讨论以及种质资源保护等提供了理论依据。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.32160051,42076117,and 41776166)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant Nos.2022A1515012015,2023A1515012772)the Foreign Cultural and Educational Experts Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (No.QNJ2021162001L)。
文摘Polyploidy is a major factor in the evolution of plants,yet we know little about the origin and evolution of polyploidy in intertidal species.This study aimed to identify the evolutionary transitions in three truemangrove species of the genus Acanthus distributed in the Indo-West Pacific region.For this purpose,we took an integrative approach that combined data on morphology,cytology,climatic niche,phylogeny,and biogeography of 493 samples from 42 geographic sites.Our results show that the Acanthus ilicifolius lineage distributed east of the Thai-Malay Peninsula possesses a tetraploid karyotype,which is morphologically distinct from that of the lineage on the west side.The haplotype networks and phylogenetic trees for the chloroplast genome and eight nuclear genes reveal that the tetraploid species has two sub-genomes,one each from A.ilicifolius and A.ebracteatus,the paternal and maternal parents,respectively.Population structure analysis also supports the hybrid speciation history of the new tetraploid species.The two sub-genomes of the tetraploid species diverged from their diploid progenitors during the Pleistocene.Environmental niche models revealed that the tetraploid species not only occupied the near-entire niche space of the diploids,but also expanded into novel environments.Our findings suggest that A.ilicifolius species distributed on the east side of the Thai-Malay Peninsula should be regarded as a new species,A.tetraploideus,which originated from hybridization between A.ilicifolius and A.ebracteatus,followed by chromosome doubling.This is the first report of a true-mangrove allopolyploid species that can reproduce sexually and clonally reproduction,which explains the long-term adaptive potential of the species.
文摘Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specimen,and geographical distribution of the species are described.The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam,but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN),Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).
