为了从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中分离筛选具有除氨效果的微生物,为有机废弃物转化利用提供微生物资源。采用富集驯化、初筛、复筛相结合的方式从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中筛选出2株除氨菌种N1、N2,结合形态、生理生化、16S r DNA分子鉴定菌株类...为了从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中分离筛选具有除氨效果的微生物,为有机废弃物转化利用提供微生物资源。采用富集驯化、初筛、复筛相结合的方式从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中筛选出2株除氨菌种N1、N2,结合形态、生理生化、16S r DNA分子鉴定菌株类别,对菌株的生理性状和生长曲线进行测定;并通过硼酸吸收凯氏定氮法测定单菌株和复配菌株在25 d内对NH_(3)释放的影响。结果表明:N1和N2均表现出了明显的除氨能力,复配菌株的除氨效果高于单菌株。经鉴定N1为小麦苍白杆菌,N2为苍白杆菌属。N1和N2生长曲线各具特点。两菌株在30~37℃pH=5~9时生长情况最好。从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中分离的2株菌株能有效降低NH3释放量,2株菌株复配的除氨效果高于单菌株,可作为有机废弃物在发酵腐熟期间有效的除氨微生物。展开更多
Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues...Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues caused by nicotine have become increasingly severe.Traditional methods have proven ineffective in efficiently degrading residual nicotine.To address this issue,scientists both domestically and internationally have turned to biodegradation methods to tackle the environmental and health problems caused by residual nicotine.In this study,an enrichment method was used to screen bacteria with nicotine-degrading capabilities from the soil of tobacco planting sites at the Tobacco Research Institute of Heilongjiang in Bin County,Harbin City.Through phenotypic observations and 16S rDNA identification,a bacterial strain identified as Pseudomonas hunanensis MGJ-2 was isolated,capable of utilizing nicotine as a carbon and nitrogen source for growth.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-1 analysis revealed that within 25 h,strain MGJ-2 could degrade nicotine 500 mg·L^(-1) with an efficiency exceeding 99.9%.Strain MGJ-2 was applied to tobacco,and after 15 days of incubation and fermentation,it degraded 10.57%of nicotine in tobacco.Overall,the discovery of strain MGJ-2 enriched the resources of nicotine-degrading strains.Its remarkable biodegradation performance held immense potential for future biodegradation of nicotine in tobacco.展开更多
该研究采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术对襄阳市石花酒大曲中微生物多样性进行分析。结果表明,4个样品中优势细菌门(>0.1%)为变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria),且均为核心菌门;优势...该研究采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术对襄阳市石花酒大曲中微生物多样性进行分析。结果表明,4个样品中优势细菌门(>0.1%)为变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria),且均为核心菌门;优势细菌属(>1%)为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)、明串珠菌属(Leuconostoc)和Kroppenstedtia。优势真菌门(>0.1%)为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和Mucoromycota,其中子囊菌门为核心菌门;优势真菌属(>1%)为复膜孢酵母属(Saccharomycopsis)、红曲菌属(Monascus)、热子囊菌属(Thermoascus)、青霉菌属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)和Leiothecium。样品中假单胞菌属和曲霉属呈现显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上,4个石花酒大曲样品中共有大量的核心菌群,且样品中细菌与真菌有一定的相关性。展开更多
为了研究植物乳杆菌WW(Lactobacillus plantarum WW)对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响,将32只5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组(A)喂食基础饲料+无菌水、高脂模型组(B)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌水、脱脂乳对照组(C)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌脱脂乳、菌...为了研究植物乳杆菌WW(Lactobacillus plantarum WW)对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响,将32只5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组(A)喂食基础饲料+无菌水、高脂模型组(B)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌水、脱脂乳对照组(C)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌脱脂乳、菌液干预组(D)饲喂高脂饲料+菌悬液(1×10^(10) CFU/mL),灌胃量为10 mL/kg m_b,12周后测定相关指标。结果显示:4组大鼠肾脏、脾脏和心脏指数差异不显著(P>0.05),而B组和C组肝脏指数显著高于A组和D组(P<0.05),说明L. plantarum WW无毒副作用,并且能够减少脂肪在肝脏的堆积;B组血清和肝脏血脂水平显著高于A组(P<0.05),说明造模成功;与B组相比,D组血清和肝脏各指标水平显著降低(P<0.05),粪便中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和总胆汁酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),说明L. plantarum WW能够促进胆固醇的排泄,进而降低大鼠体内胆固醇。这些结果表明植物乳杆菌WW可能是缓解高脂血症并用于功能性食品的潜在益生菌。展开更多
文摘为了从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中分离筛选具有除氨效果的微生物,为有机废弃物转化利用提供微生物资源。采用富集驯化、初筛、复筛相结合的方式从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中筛选出2株除氨菌种N1、N2,结合形态、生理生化、16S r DNA分子鉴定菌株类别,对菌株的生理性状和生长曲线进行测定;并通过硼酸吸收凯氏定氮法测定单菌株和复配菌株在25 d内对NH_(3)释放的影响。结果表明:N1和N2均表现出了明显的除氨能力,复配菌株的除氨效果高于单菌株。经鉴定N1为小麦苍白杆菌,N2为苍白杆菌属。N1和N2生长曲线各具特点。两菌株在30~37℃pH=5~9时生长情况最好。从白星花金龟幼虫虫粪中分离的2株菌株能有效降低NH3释放量,2株菌株复配的除氨效果高于单菌株,可作为有机废弃物在发酵腐熟期间有效的除氨微生物。
基金Supported by the Research on Biofermentation Technology of Domestic Cigar Tobacco(202115010534-JS-178)(2021)。
文摘Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues caused by nicotine have become increasingly severe.Traditional methods have proven ineffective in efficiently degrading residual nicotine.To address this issue,scientists both domestically and internationally have turned to biodegradation methods to tackle the environmental and health problems caused by residual nicotine.In this study,an enrichment method was used to screen bacteria with nicotine-degrading capabilities from the soil of tobacco planting sites at the Tobacco Research Institute of Heilongjiang in Bin County,Harbin City.Through phenotypic observations and 16S rDNA identification,a bacterial strain identified as Pseudomonas hunanensis MGJ-2 was isolated,capable of utilizing nicotine as a carbon and nitrogen source for growth.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-1 analysis revealed that within 25 h,strain MGJ-2 could degrade nicotine 500 mg·L^(-1) with an efficiency exceeding 99.9%.Strain MGJ-2 was applied to tobacco,and after 15 days of incubation and fermentation,it degraded 10.57%of nicotine in tobacco.Overall,the discovery of strain MGJ-2 enriched the resources of nicotine-degrading strains.Its remarkable biodegradation performance held immense potential for future biodegradation of nicotine in tobacco.
文摘该研究采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术对襄阳市石花酒大曲中微生物多样性进行分析。结果表明,4个样品中优势细菌门(>0.1%)为变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria),且均为核心菌门;优势细菌属(>1%)为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)、明串珠菌属(Leuconostoc)和Kroppenstedtia。优势真菌门(>0.1%)为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和Mucoromycota,其中子囊菌门为核心菌门;优势真菌属(>1%)为复膜孢酵母属(Saccharomycopsis)、红曲菌属(Monascus)、热子囊菌属(Thermoascus)、青霉菌属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)和Leiothecium。样品中假单胞菌属和曲霉属呈现显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上,4个石花酒大曲样品中共有大量的核心菌群,且样品中细菌与真菌有一定的相关性。
文摘为了研究植物乳杆菌WW(Lactobacillus plantarum WW)对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响,将32只5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组(A)喂食基础饲料+无菌水、高脂模型组(B)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌水、脱脂乳对照组(C)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌脱脂乳、菌液干预组(D)饲喂高脂饲料+菌悬液(1×10^(10) CFU/mL),灌胃量为10 mL/kg m_b,12周后测定相关指标。结果显示:4组大鼠肾脏、脾脏和心脏指数差异不显著(P>0.05),而B组和C组肝脏指数显著高于A组和D组(P<0.05),说明L. plantarum WW无毒副作用,并且能够减少脂肪在肝脏的堆积;B组血清和肝脏血脂水平显著高于A组(P<0.05),说明造模成功;与B组相比,D组血清和肝脏各指标水平显著降低(P<0.05),粪便中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和总胆汁酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),说明L. plantarum WW能够促进胆固醇的排泄,进而降低大鼠体内胆固醇。这些结果表明植物乳杆菌WW可能是缓解高脂血症并用于功能性食品的潜在益生菌。
