近年来自主神经与心律失常、血管迷走性晕厥(vasovagal syncope,VS)、心脏性猝死(sudden cardiac death,SCD)和离子通道病(ion channelopathy,ICP or ion channel disease ICD)等心血管疾病的关系越来越受到人们的重视。本文从离子通道...近年来自主神经与心律失常、血管迷走性晕厥(vasovagal syncope,VS)、心脏性猝死(sudden cardiac death,SCD)和离子通道病(ion channelopathy,ICP or ion channel disease ICD)等心血管疾病的关系越来越受到人们的重视。本文从离子通道和心脏M受体的角度对迷走神经的心脏效应予以回顾,这对于揭示迷走神经心脏效应的深层机制及深化对上述疾病的认识是有必要的。展开更多
This study measured the vagus and phrenic nerves from 12 adult cadavers. We found that the width and thickness of the vagus and phrenic nerves were different in the chest. The distance from the point of the vagus nerv...This study measured the vagus and phrenic nerves from 12 adult cadavers. We found that the width and thickness of the vagus and phrenic nerves were different in the chest. The distance from the point of the vagus nerve and phrenic nerve on the plane of the inferior border of portal pulmonary arteries （T point） was approximately 7 cm to the diaphragm and was approximately 10 cm to the clavicle level. The number of motor fibers in the vagus nerves was 1 716 ± 362, and the number of nerve fibers was 4 473 ± 653. The number of motor fibers in the phrenic nerves ranged from 3 078 ± 684 to 4 794 ± 638, and the number of nerve fibers ranged from 3 437 ± 642 to 5 071 ± 723. No significant difference was found in the total number of nerve fibers. The results suggest that width, thickness, and total number of nerve fibers are similar between the vagus and phrenic nerves, but the number of motor fibers is different between them.展开更多
We describe the prenatal diagnosis and fetal phenotype of partial trisomy 12 （pl2-pter） transmitted from a maternal reciprocal translocation 6;12. Genetic analysis of umbilical cord blood of a 27-year-old woman, gra...We describe the prenatal diagnosis and fetal phenotype of partial trisomy 12 （pl2-pter） transmitted from a maternal reciprocal translocation 6;12. Genetic analysis of umbilical cord blood of a 27-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 1 at 35 weeks＇ gestation due to a tricuspid regurgitation and orbital hypertelorism by sonography revealed an unusual karyotype of 46, XY, der （6） t （6;12） （p24;p12） mat. The pregnancy was terminated at 37 gestational weeks. The proband postnatally displayed by dysmorphic features of a round flat face with prominent cheeks and high forehead, hypertelorism, a short nose, a broad and depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, a deformed philtrum, an open mouth, thin upper vermilion and broad everted lower lip, low-set ears and aural atresia, broad hands with simian creases, and a short neck. By anatomy, the fetal was found to have right artery catheter vagus, congenital cataract, no turbinate and external auditory canal. Through the karoytpye-phynotpye analysis on the present patient and a review of other reported cases, we believed that the case was the first report, which expanded the database of partial trisomy 12p, and was of benefit for future clinical genetic counseling. At the same time, this study supported the viewpoint that phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy展开更多
Background Clinical observations have shown that the complex fractionated atrial electrogram （CFAE） associates with ganglionated plexus activity in the cardiac autonomic nervous system. This study aimed to investiga...Background Clinical observations have shown that the complex fractionated atrial electrogram （CFAE） associates with ganglionated plexus activity in the cardiac autonomic nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CFAE ablation on vagal modulation to atria and vulnerability to develop atrial fibrillation （AF）. Methods Ten adult mongrel dogs were involved. Cervical sympathovagal trunks were decentralized and sympathetic effects were blocked. CFAE was color tagged on the atrial 3-dimensional image and ablated during AF induced by S1S2 programmed stimulation plus sympathovagal trunk stimulation. Atrial effective refractory period （ERP） and vulnerability window （VW） of AF were measured on baseline and at vagal stimulation at 4 atrium sites. Serial tissue sections from ablative and control specimens received hematoxylin and eosin staining for microscopic examination. Results Most CFAE areas were localized at the right superior pulmonary quadrant, distal coronary sinus （CS~） quadrant, and proximal coronary sinus （CSp） quadrant （21.74%, separately）. Sinus rhythm cycle length （SCL） shortening did not decrease significantly after ablation at the sites, including right atrial appendage, left atrial appendage, CSd, and CSp （P 〉0.05）. ERP shortening during vagal stimulation significantly decreased after ablation （P 〈0.01）; the VW to vagal stimulation significantly decreased after ablation （P 〈0.05）. The architecture of individual ganglia altered after ablation. Conclusions CFAE has an autonomic basis in dogs. The decreased SCL and ERP shortening to vagal stimulation after CFAE ablation demonstrate that CFAE ablation attenuates vagal modulation to the atria, thereby suppressing AF mediated by enhanced vagal activity. CFAE ablation could suppress AF mediated by enhanced vagal activity.展开更多
基金This work was supposed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470633,30270554)Doctorial Subject(No.20050698012)Key Item of Scientific and Technology for Ministry of Education(No.01161)the Doctorial Foundation of Xi’an Jiaotong University(No.2003-13).
基金This work was supported by the Shanghai Education and Development Foundmion(No.03SG06)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470690).
文摘谷氨酸能和GABA能支配是心迷走节前神经元(cardiac vagal neuron,CVN)的主要兴奋性和抑制性突触传入。在CVN 的活动调节中,这两种支配是否有相互作用、以及如何相互作用目前尚不清楚。本研究用神经元逆行荧光染料标记法和电压膜片钳方法证明,谷氨酸NMDA型和非NMDA型受体拈抗剂AP5和CNQX在全脑片应用条件下,对疑核(nucleus ambiguus, NA)内CVN的GABA能突触前活动无明显影响,而对迷走神经运动背核(dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus,DMNX)内CVN的 GABA能突触前活动有显著的抑制作用。这些观察结果提示:支配迷走神经运动背核内CVN的GABA能神经元可能接受紧张性谷氨酸能支配,而支配疑核内CVN的GABA能神经元则没有这种紧张性谷氨酸能支配。疑核内和迷走神经运动背核内 CVN的这种调节差异,是两个核团的CVN在心率和心功能调节中功能分工的可能机制之一。
文摘近年来自主神经与心律失常、血管迷走性晕厥(vasovagal syncope,VS)、心脏性猝死(sudden cardiac death,SCD)和离子通道病(ion channelopathy,ICP or ion channel disease ICD)等心血管疾病的关系越来越受到人们的重视。本文从离子通道和心脏M受体的角度对迷走神经的心脏效应予以回顾,这对于揭示迷走神经心脏效应的深层机制及深化对上述疾病的认识是有必要的。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30571886
文摘This study measured the vagus and phrenic nerves from 12 adult cadavers. We found that the width and thickness of the vagus and phrenic nerves were different in the chest. The distance from the point of the vagus nerve and phrenic nerve on the plane of the inferior border of portal pulmonary arteries （T point） was approximately 7 cm to the diaphragm and was approximately 10 cm to the clavicle level. The number of motor fibers in the vagus nerves was 1 716 ± 362, and the number of nerve fibers was 4 473 ± 653. The number of motor fibers in the phrenic nerves ranged from 3 078 ± 684 to 4 794 ± 638, and the number of nerve fibers ranged from 3 437 ± 642 to 5 071 ± 723. No significant difference was found in the total number of nerve fibers. The results suggest that width, thickness, and total number of nerve fibers are similar between the vagus and phrenic nerves, but the number of motor fibers is different between them.
文摘We describe the prenatal diagnosis and fetal phenotype of partial trisomy 12 （pl2-pter） transmitted from a maternal reciprocal translocation 6;12. Genetic analysis of umbilical cord blood of a 27-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 1 at 35 weeks＇ gestation due to a tricuspid regurgitation and orbital hypertelorism by sonography revealed an unusual karyotype of 46, XY, der （6） t （6;12） （p24;p12） mat. The pregnancy was terminated at 37 gestational weeks. The proband postnatally displayed by dysmorphic features of a round flat face with prominent cheeks and high forehead, hypertelorism, a short nose, a broad and depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, a deformed philtrum, an open mouth, thin upper vermilion and broad everted lower lip, low-set ears and aural atresia, broad hands with simian creases, and a short neck. By anatomy, the fetal was found to have right artery catheter vagus, congenital cataract, no turbinate and external auditory canal. Through the karoytpye-phynotpye analysis on the present patient and a review of other reported cases, we believed that the case was the first report, which expanded the database of partial trisomy 12p, and was of benefit for future clinical genetic counseling. At the same time, this study supported the viewpoint that phenotypic variability depends on the type and extent of the associated partial monosomy
基金This study was supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30770866, 30971272）.
文摘Background Clinical observations have shown that the complex fractionated atrial electrogram （CFAE） associates with ganglionated plexus activity in the cardiac autonomic nervous system. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CFAE ablation on vagal modulation to atria and vulnerability to develop atrial fibrillation （AF）. Methods Ten adult mongrel dogs were involved. Cervical sympathovagal trunks were decentralized and sympathetic effects were blocked. CFAE was color tagged on the atrial 3-dimensional image and ablated during AF induced by S1S2 programmed stimulation plus sympathovagal trunk stimulation. Atrial effective refractory period （ERP） and vulnerability window （VW） of AF were measured on baseline and at vagal stimulation at 4 atrium sites. Serial tissue sections from ablative and control specimens received hematoxylin and eosin staining for microscopic examination. Results Most CFAE areas were localized at the right superior pulmonary quadrant, distal coronary sinus （CS~） quadrant, and proximal coronary sinus （CSp） quadrant （21.74%, separately）. Sinus rhythm cycle length （SCL） shortening did not decrease significantly after ablation at the sites, including right atrial appendage, left atrial appendage, CSd, and CSp （P 〉0.05）. ERP shortening during vagal stimulation significantly decreased after ablation （P 〈0.01）; the VW to vagal stimulation significantly decreased after ablation （P 〈0.05）. The architecture of individual ganglia altered after ablation. Conclusions CFAE has an autonomic basis in dogs. The decreased SCL and ERP shortening to vagal stimulation after CFAE ablation demonstrate that CFAE ablation attenuates vagal modulation to the atria, thereby suppressing AF mediated by enhanced vagal activity. CFAE ablation could suppress AF mediated by enhanced vagal activity.
