草地变化一直是全球备受关注的问题之一,准确量化干旱区新疆草地的变化趋势及其对关键驱动因子的响应,对于生态脆弱区的新疆植被管理具有重要意义.研究采用2001-2020年生长季叶面积指数(leaf area index,LAI)数据作为草地监测指标,结合...草地变化一直是全球备受关注的问题之一,准确量化干旱区新疆草地的变化趋势及其对关键驱动因子的响应,对于生态脆弱区的新疆植被管理具有重要意义.研究采用2001-2020年生长季叶面积指数(leaf area index,LAI)数据作为草地监测指标,结合Sen趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验、变异系数、Hurst指数和结构方程模型等方法,分析了新疆草地的时空变化格局以及新疆草地对地形、气候和人类活动的响应关系.新疆草地LAI存在明显的空间分异性,2001-2020年多年平均LAI为0.37 m^(2)·m^(-2),呈现出北高南低、西高东低的分布特征.研究期间LAI呈现波动上升的趋势(年均增长率为0.004 a^(-1)),趋势分析表明约67.3%的地区发生改善,19.2%的地区发生退化,且退化地区主要分布在伊犁河和塔城地区周边.结构方程模型结果表明,地形、气候和畜牧因素对新疆草地LAI的空间分布有显著影响.从影响系数上看,降水和风速是影响LAI的主导因子,总路径系数分别达到了0.34和-0.32.地形通过与气候和牲畜数量多个路径综合影响LAI,最终产生不可忽视的积极影响.整体来看,降水和海拔综合表现为正向促进影响,而风速、温度和太阳辐射量表现为负影响.2001-2020年间新疆草地LAI变化波动较大,主要受到自然环境和人类活动因素的综合影响.研究结果可为新疆草地长时间合理规划与生态可持续发展提供理论支持.展开更多
This paper is focused on discussing the case of Las Loras UNESCO Global Geopark,in Spain,as an example to show the contribution of Geoparks to the dissemination of science and the relevance of preserving geoheritage b...This paper is focused on discussing the case of Las Loras UNESCO Global Geopark,in Spain,as an example to show the contribution of Geoparks to the dissemination of science and the relevance of preserving geoheritage by implementing simple measures based on communication and prevention.Natural and anthropic hazards derived from climate change are endangering heritage and the well-ness of the society.Geoheritage is vulnerable.Nowadays we are witnessing the destruction of monuments with high emotional significance due to wars,but climate change is also contributing to the loss of the same cultural heritage.Prevention is often the best way to protect geoheritage from disappearing and society is the best agent to implement preventive measures.Citizens are often unaware of the important treasures they have around them.Geoparks have been a great tool to bring awareness in society,since by involving the public in the whole process of recognition and promotion,they protect the space and the cultural and economic values associated with them.It is important to communicate the initiatives taking place in the Geoparks to explain the importance of geology and the risk of losing the geoheritage if natural hazards increase.Las Loras study is a good practice to implement in other Geoparks.展开更多
文摘草地变化一直是全球备受关注的问题之一,准确量化干旱区新疆草地的变化趋势及其对关键驱动因子的响应,对于生态脆弱区的新疆植被管理具有重要意义.研究采用2001-2020年生长季叶面积指数(leaf area index,LAI)数据作为草地监测指标,结合Sen趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验、变异系数、Hurst指数和结构方程模型等方法,分析了新疆草地的时空变化格局以及新疆草地对地形、气候和人类活动的响应关系.新疆草地LAI存在明显的空间分异性,2001-2020年多年平均LAI为0.37 m^(2)·m^(-2),呈现出北高南低、西高东低的分布特征.研究期间LAI呈现波动上升的趋势(年均增长率为0.004 a^(-1)),趋势分析表明约67.3%的地区发生改善,19.2%的地区发生退化,且退化地区主要分布在伊犁河和塔城地区周边.结构方程模型结果表明,地形、气候和畜牧因素对新疆草地LAI的空间分布有显著影响.从影响系数上看,降水和风速是影响LAI的主导因子,总路径系数分别达到了0.34和-0.32.地形通过与气候和牲畜数量多个路径综合影响LAI,最终产生不可忽视的积极影响.整体来看,降水和海拔综合表现为正向促进影响,而风速、温度和太阳辐射量表现为负影响.2001-2020年间新疆草地LAI变化波动较大,主要受到自然环境和人类活动因素的综合影响.研究结果可为新疆草地长时间合理规划与生态可持续发展提供理论支持.
文摘This paper is focused on discussing the case of Las Loras UNESCO Global Geopark,in Spain,as an example to show the contribution of Geoparks to the dissemination of science and the relevance of preserving geoheritage by implementing simple measures based on communication and prevention.Natural and anthropic hazards derived from climate change are endangering heritage and the well-ness of the society.Geoheritage is vulnerable.Nowadays we are witnessing the destruction of monuments with high emotional significance due to wars,but climate change is also contributing to the loss of the same cultural heritage.Prevention is often the best way to protect geoheritage from disappearing and society is the best agent to implement preventive measures.Citizens are often unaware of the important treasures they have around them.Geoparks have been a great tool to bring awareness in society,since by involving the public in the whole process of recognition and promotion,they protect the space and the cultural and economic values associated with them.It is important to communicate the initiatives taking place in the Geoparks to explain the importance of geology and the risk of losing the geoheritage if natural hazards increase.Las Loras study is a good practice to implement in other Geoparks.
