The Antarctic geodetic datum constitutes a specialized implementation of the modern geodetic reference system within the extreme polar environment.A high-precision,unified,and dynamic Antarctic geodetic datum serves a...The Antarctic geodetic datum constitutes a specialized implementation of the modern geodetic reference system within the extreme polar environment.A high-precision,unified,and dynamic Antarctic geodetic datum serves as critical infrastructure for polar scientific research and engineering safety.This study reviews the composition,current status,and implementation pathways of the Antarctic geodetic datum through four dimensions:coordinate datum,height datum,gravity datum and sounding datum.Preliminary analysis reveals that the development of the Antarctic geodetic datum framework is severely lagging,thereby failing to meet the demands of both scientific expeditions and polar research.To address these challenges,this study proposes an implementation pathway leveraging the 5th International Polar Year(IPY-5)to pioneer regional high-precision geodetic datum in the China’s key research sector covering the area between Amery Ice Shelf and Princess Elizabeth Land,specially highlighting the Prydz Bay–Amery Ice Shelf–Lambert Glacier–Dome A(PANDA)transect,by deploying multi-technique stations andμGal-level superconducting gravimeter networks;and then to integrate multinational observation resources to ultimately establish a high-precision,unified,and dynamic geodetic datum framework.This framework will deliver a spatiotemporal infrastructure for Antarctica to advance the strategic goals of“understanding,protecting,and utilizing Antarctica”.展开更多
Prydz Bay,East Antarctica,is a critical region for studying ocean–sea ice–ice shelf interactions and their role in the global climate system.This review synthesizes the advancements in numerical modeling of physical...Prydz Bay,East Antarctica,is a critical region for studying ocean–sea ice–ice shelf interactions and their role in the global climate system.This review synthesizes the advancements in numerical modeling of physical oceanographic processes in Prydz Bay,highlighting the evolution from early one-dimensional thermodynamic models to contemporary high-resolution,three-dimensional coupled ocean–sea ice–ice shelf frameworks.We discuss key milestones in understanding processes such as frazil ice dynamics and its impact on the basal mass balance of the Amery Ice Shelf,the pathways and mechanisms of Modified Circumpolar Deep Water intrusions,and the dynamic influences of large icebergs on regional circulation.Despite significant progress,challenges remain in integrating multi-component interactions and achieving long-term,high-resolution climate projections.Future efforts should focus on developing fully coupled models that incorporate atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–ice shelf–iceberg interactions,supported by enhanced observational networks and improved computational efficiency.This review underscores the importance of continued modeling advancement to better predict the responses of Antarctic ice shelves and polar climate to global change.展开更多
The Prydz Bay-Prince Charles Mountains region in East Antarctica constitutes an exceptional geological transect for investigating continental evolution from the Archean to the Phanerozoic and its relationship with sup...The Prydz Bay-Prince Charles Mountains region in East Antarctica constitutes an exceptional geological transect for investigating continental evolution from the Archean to the Phanerozoic and its relationship with supercontinent cycles.This region preserves a complex record of magmatism,metamorphism,and tectonic reworking.Studies by the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expeditions in this region have yielded critical insights into the geological evolution of Antarctica.Key advances over the past decades encompass the elucidation of the Pan-African and Grenvillian tectono-metamorphic history,the delineation of the continent’s crustal and lithospheric architecture,and the identification of extensive ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism and rare mineral assemblages.Despite these advances,many fundamental questions remain unresolved.The spatial and temporal extents of ancient orogenesis are poorly constrained across different crustal blocks,and the tectonic drivers of extreme metamorphism continue to be debated.The role of deep lithospheric architecture in controlling both past orogenic processes and present-day glacial isostatic adjustment remains underexplored.Furthermore,the origins of ancient cratonic nuclei and their constraints on early Earth geodynamics warrant further investigation.Future research should prioritize integrated,multi-disciplinary approaches that combine geological and geophysical analyses.Key objectives include delineating the architecture and evolution of subglacial basement,reconstructing the Phanerozoic uplift and erosion history of the orogens,and evaluating feedback mechanisms among lithospheric evolution,ice-sheet dynamics,and long-term climate.Holistic cross-disciplinary investigations will be essential to unravel the connections between deep Earth processes and surface systems in one of the planet’s most enigmatic and geologically significant regions.展开更多
Predicting Antarctic sea ice is of substantial academic and practical significance.However,current prediction models,including deep learning(DL)-based models,show notable bias in the marginal ice zone.In this study,we...Predicting Antarctic sea ice is of substantial academic and practical significance.However,current prediction models,including deep learning(DL)-based models,show notable bias in the marginal ice zone.In this study,we developed a pure data-driven DL model for predicting the Antarctic austral summer monthly-to-seasonal sea ice concentration(SIC)by incorporating a novel hybrid sea ice edge constraint loss function(HybridLoss).The model is referred to as ASICNet.Independent testing based on the last five years(2019–23)demonstrates that ASICNet with HybridLoss achieves significantly higher skill metrics than without,with a reduced mean absolute error of 0.021 from 0.022,a reduced integrated ice edge error of 1.714×10^(6)from 1.794×10^(6)km^(2),but an increased pattern correlation coefficient of 0.40 from 0.38,although both ASICNet versions outperform dynamical and statistical models.Furthermore,enhanced heat maps were developed to interpret the predictability sources of sea ice within DL-based models,and the results suggest that the predictability of Antarctic sea ice is attributable to factors like the Antarctic Dipole(ADP),Amundsen Sea Low(ASL),and Southern Ocean sea surface temperature(SST),as revealed in previous studies.Thus,ASICNet is an efficient tool for austral summer Antarctic SIC prediction.展开更多
为鼓励原创性研究、发掘和培育从事极地研究的青年人才,从2010年开始每年评选极地研究青年优秀论文并予以嘉奖。本次评选范围包括2024年6月至2025年6月在《极地研究》和Advances in Polar Science上正式发表,且第一作者年龄为35周岁以...为鼓励原创性研究、发掘和培育从事极地研究的青年人才,从2010年开始每年评选极地研究青年优秀论文并予以嘉奖。本次评选范围包括2024年6月至2025年6月在《极地研究》和Advances in Polar Science上正式发表,且第一作者年龄为35周岁以下的研究论文。经资格初审、专家函评和线上答辩3个环节进行评选,最终评选出4篇获奖论文。论文第一作者分别为陈阿凤、方晓悦、刘明昊和蔡晓仙。以下为4篇优秀论文题目及摘要。展开更多
文摘The Antarctic geodetic datum constitutes a specialized implementation of the modern geodetic reference system within the extreme polar environment.A high-precision,unified,and dynamic Antarctic geodetic datum serves as critical infrastructure for polar scientific research and engineering safety.This study reviews the composition,current status,and implementation pathways of the Antarctic geodetic datum through four dimensions:coordinate datum,height datum,gravity datum and sounding datum.Preliminary analysis reveals that the development of the Antarctic geodetic datum framework is severely lagging,thereby failing to meet the demands of both scientific expeditions and polar research.To address these challenges,this study proposes an implementation pathway leveraging the 5th International Polar Year(IPY-5)to pioneer regional high-precision geodetic datum in the China’s key research sector covering the area between Amery Ice Shelf and Princess Elizabeth Land,specially highlighting the Prydz Bay–Amery Ice Shelf–Lambert Glacier–Dome A(PANDA)transect,by deploying multi-technique stations andμGal-level superconducting gravimeter networks;and then to integrate multinational observation resources to ultimately establish a high-precision,unified,and dynamic geodetic datum framework.This framework will deliver a spatiotemporal infrastructure for Antarctica to advance the strategic goals of“understanding,protecting,and utilizing Antarctica”.
基金supported by the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(Grant nos.SML2021SP306,SML2023SP201)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2024YFF0506603)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.42576020)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Grant nos.2024A1515012717,2026A1515012241).
文摘Prydz Bay,East Antarctica,is a critical region for studying ocean–sea ice–ice shelf interactions and their role in the global climate system.This review synthesizes the advancements in numerical modeling of physical oceanographic processes in Prydz Bay,highlighting the evolution from early one-dimensional thermodynamic models to contemporary high-resolution,three-dimensional coupled ocean–sea ice–ice shelf frameworks.We discuss key milestones in understanding processes such as frazil ice dynamics and its impact on the basal mass balance of the Amery Ice Shelf,the pathways and mechanisms of Modified Circumpolar Deep Water intrusions,and the dynamic influences of large icebergs on regional circulation.Despite significant progress,challenges remain in integrating multi-component interactions and achieving long-term,high-resolution climate projections.Future efforts should focus on developing fully coupled models that incorporate atmosphere–ocean–sea ice–ice shelf–iceberg interactions,supported by enhanced observational networks and improved computational efficiency.This review underscores the importance of continued modeling advancement to better predict the responses of Antarctic ice shelves and polar climate to global change.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.U2444210,42172068)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(CAGS)(Grant no.JKYZD202321)geological survey program(Grant no.DD20221810).
文摘The Prydz Bay-Prince Charles Mountains region in East Antarctica constitutes an exceptional geological transect for investigating continental evolution from the Archean to the Phanerozoic and its relationship with supercontinent cycles.This region preserves a complex record of magmatism,metamorphism,and tectonic reworking.Studies by the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expeditions in this region have yielded critical insights into the geological evolution of Antarctica.Key advances over the past decades encompass the elucidation of the Pan-African and Grenvillian tectono-metamorphic history,the delineation of the continent’s crustal and lithospheric architecture,and the identification of extensive ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism and rare mineral assemblages.Despite these advances,many fundamental questions remain unresolved.The spatial and temporal extents of ancient orogenesis are poorly constrained across different crustal blocks,and the tectonic drivers of extreme metamorphism continue to be debated.The role of deep lithospheric architecture in controlling both past orogenic processes and present-day glacial isostatic adjustment remains underexplored.Furthermore,the origins of ancient cratonic nuclei and their constraints on early Earth geodynamics warrant further investigation.Future research should prioritize integrated,multi-disciplinary approaches that combine geological and geophysical analyses.Key objectives include delineating the architecture and evolution of subglacial basement,reconstructing the Phanerozoic uplift and erosion history of the orogens,and evaluating feedback mechanisms among lithospheric evolution,ice-sheet dynamics,and long-term climate.Holistic cross-disciplinary investigations will be essential to unravel the connections between deep Earth processes and surface systems in one of the planet’s most enigmatic and geologically significant regions.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42376250)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA19070402).
文摘Predicting Antarctic sea ice is of substantial academic and practical significance.However,current prediction models,including deep learning(DL)-based models,show notable bias in the marginal ice zone.In this study,we developed a pure data-driven DL model for predicting the Antarctic austral summer monthly-to-seasonal sea ice concentration(SIC)by incorporating a novel hybrid sea ice edge constraint loss function(HybridLoss).The model is referred to as ASICNet.Independent testing based on the last five years(2019–23)demonstrates that ASICNet with HybridLoss achieves significantly higher skill metrics than without,with a reduced mean absolute error of 0.021 from 0.022,a reduced integrated ice edge error of 1.714×10^(6)from 1.794×10^(6)km^(2),but an increased pattern correlation coefficient of 0.40 from 0.38,although both ASICNet versions outperform dynamical and statistical models.Furthermore,enhanced heat maps were developed to interpret the predictability sources of sea ice within DL-based models,and the results suggest that the predictability of Antarctic sea ice is attributable to factors like the Antarctic Dipole(ADP),Amundsen Sea Low(ASL),and Southern Ocean sea surface temperature(SST),as revealed in previous studies.Thus,ASICNet is an efficient tool for austral summer Antarctic SIC prediction.
文摘为鼓励原创性研究、发掘和培育从事极地研究的青年人才,从2010年开始每年评选极地研究青年优秀论文并予以嘉奖。本次评选范围包括2024年6月至2025年6月在《极地研究》和Advances in Polar Science上正式发表,且第一作者年龄为35周岁以下的研究论文。经资格初审、专家函评和线上答辩3个环节进行评选,最终评选出4篇获奖论文。论文第一作者分别为陈阿凤、方晓悦、刘明昊和蔡晓仙。以下为4篇优秀论文题目及摘要。
