On April 3,2024,a magnitude Mw 7.4 earthquake struck the city of Hualien,Taiwan,China,causing casualties and immense damage.This earthquake triggered a tsunami,which was recorded by the nearby tide gauges and Deep-Oce...On April 3,2024,a magnitude Mw 7.4 earthquake struck the city of Hualien,Taiwan,China,causing casualties and immense damage.This earthquake triggered a tsunami,which was recorded by the nearby tide gauges and Deep-Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis(DART)buoys.These recordings are valuable for evaluating the tsunami source and quantifying the tsunami characteristics.In this study,we conduct tsunami simulations based on three earthquake source models,and analyze their reliability by comparing the computed results with observed waveforms.The evaluated source models are the United States Geological Survey(USGS)finite-fault model,and two uniform slip models using different scaling relations.The tsunami waves generated by each source are simulated with a nonhydrostatic tsunami model,which accounts for the effects of wave dispersion.The computed tsunami arrival times and wave heights are compared to the observed data and show high consistency,indicating that the magnitude and location of the earthquake source are well estimated.Also,the three source models with different rupture area and average slip lead to almost the same tsunami waves at each station,which suggests that earthquake rupture details have limited impact on far-filed tsunami records.It is also found that wave dispersion effects in this event are negligible at most stations.The findings are useful for tsunami warning.For fast warning purposes,it is practically useful to adopt simplified uniform slip models,which are able to predict the tsunami arrival time and wave height relatively well without knowing the earthquake source details.展开更多
海啸灾害是最致命的海洋灾害之一,地震与火山活动引发的越洋海啸多次冲击太平洋沿岸国家(Atwater,1987)。受海啸发生物理条件的限制,对中国沿海影响较大的地震海啸主要来自马尼拉俯冲带产生的地震海啸(陈颙等,2007)。研究表明,北宋年间...海啸灾害是最致命的海洋灾害之一,地震与火山活动引发的越洋海啸多次冲击太平洋沿岸国家(Atwater,1987)。受海啸发生物理条件的限制,对中国沿海影响较大的地震海啸主要来自马尼拉俯冲带产生的地震海啸(陈颙等,2007)。研究表明,北宋年间马尼拉俯冲带地震引发的海啸波传播到南海沿岸地区(Sun et al.,2013;杨文卿等,2019;王喻鸣等,2023)。展开更多
基金The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No.2024YFF0506800the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.T2122012.
文摘On April 3,2024,a magnitude Mw 7.4 earthquake struck the city of Hualien,Taiwan,China,causing casualties and immense damage.This earthquake triggered a tsunami,which was recorded by the nearby tide gauges and Deep-Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis(DART)buoys.These recordings are valuable for evaluating the tsunami source and quantifying the tsunami characteristics.In this study,we conduct tsunami simulations based on three earthquake source models,and analyze their reliability by comparing the computed results with observed waveforms.The evaluated source models are the United States Geological Survey(USGS)finite-fault model,and two uniform slip models using different scaling relations.The tsunami waves generated by each source are simulated with a nonhydrostatic tsunami model,which accounts for the effects of wave dispersion.The computed tsunami arrival times and wave heights are compared to the observed data and show high consistency,indicating that the magnitude and location of the earthquake source are well estimated.Also,the three source models with different rupture area and average slip lead to almost the same tsunami waves at each station,which suggests that earthquake rupture details have limited impact on far-filed tsunami records.It is also found that wave dispersion effects in this event are negligible at most stations.The findings are useful for tsunami warning.For fast warning purposes,it is practically useful to adopt simplified uniform slip models,which are able to predict the tsunami arrival time and wave height relatively well without knowing the earthquake source details.
文摘海啸灾害是最致命的海洋灾害之一,地震与火山活动引发的越洋海啸多次冲击太平洋沿岸国家(Atwater,1987)。受海啸发生物理条件的限制,对中国沿海影响较大的地震海啸主要来自马尼拉俯冲带产生的地震海啸(陈颙等,2007)。研究表明,北宋年间马尼拉俯冲带地震引发的海啸波传播到南海沿岸地区(Sun et al.,2013;杨文卿等,2019;王喻鸣等,2023)。
