Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of salinity fluctuation frequency on the osmolarity, Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity and HSP70 of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis ruth initial wet body weight of 1....Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of salinity fluctuation frequency on the osmolarity, Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity and HSP70 of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis ruth initial wet body weight of 1.460g±0.091 g. The salinity in the control group （DO） was 28 throughout the experiment, whereas treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 were subjected to different salinity fluctuation frequencies of 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively. The salinity in treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 was kept at 28 for 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively, decreased abruptly to salinity 24, lasted for another 2 d, and then was raised to its initial value 28. This was a complete salinity fluctuation cycle that afterwards repeated itself. After 32 days, the osmolarity in treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 was significantly lower than that in treatment DO （P〈0.05）. There were significant differences in both muscle and eyestalks HSP70 expression among groups. The HSP70 expressions in muscle and eyestalks in group D4 were 61.4% and 57.0% higher, respectively, than that in the control group DO （P〈0.05）. There were, however, no significant differences in gill or hepatopancreas Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity between the treatments and the control.展开更多
热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70, HSP70)在生物细胞或组织免受热或氧化应激等方面起着关键作用,是已知高度保守的蛋白质之一。由于全球环境持续升温,珊瑚大面积白化、死亡,珊瑚如何应对持续升温的抗逆机制是科学研究热点。本研究...热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70, HSP70)在生物细胞或组织免受热或氧化应激等方面起着关键作用,是已知高度保守的蛋白质之一。由于全球环境持续升温,珊瑚大面积白化、死亡,珊瑚如何应对持续升温的抗逆机制是科学研究热点。本研究从高温胁迫短指软珊瑚测序蛋白序列数据库分析鉴定出了28个HSP70蛋白家族成员,均为酸性亲水蛋白,大部分蛋白质结构较为稳定。亚细胞定位表明HSP70蛋白主要分布在珊瑚细胞核、细胞质中,在线粒体、内质网上也有少量分布。信号肽预测表明, 28个HSP70蛋白成员中26个没有信号肽,大部分不属于分泌蛋白,不存在跨膜结构。系统进化树结果表明短指软珊瑚HSP70蛋白家族成员聚成5大类。短指软珊瑚HSP70蛋白家族结构和保守基序分析中预测到了10条保守基序motif分为5个亚族。短指软珊瑚HSP70蛋白家族二级结构主要以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主,α-螺旋的含量占比大。28个HSP70家族蛋白中有25个预测到了N-糖基化位点,且位点个数在1~9范围内。28个HSP70家族蛋白均预测到磷酸化位点和O-糖基化位点,总个数分别在41~96和1~23范围内。本研究HSP70家族蛋白结果为今后珊瑚在应对全球升温胁迫中的适应机制等方面研究奠定了基础。展开更多
前人研究认为,受海因里希1(Heinrich Stadial 1,HS1)早期(约18.3—16.3cal ka BP)北半球降温的影响,热带辐合带(intertropical convergence zone,ITCZ)雨带的平均位置会向南移动。但是,最新结果发现,HS1早期北半球低纬度地区(3oN—9oN)...前人研究认为,受海因里希1(Heinrich Stadial 1,HS1)早期(约18.3—16.3cal ka BP)北半球降温的影响,热带辐合带(intertropical convergence zone,ITCZ)雨带的平均位置会向南移动。但是,最新结果发现,HS1早期北半球低纬度地区(3oN—9oN)呈现湿润水文条件,而其南北部却同步出现干旱。可见HS1早期ITCZ对北大西洋降温事件的响应方向及位移幅度仍存争议。孟加拉湾的海洋炭屑记录保存了周边陆地大量气候成因古火事件的信息。研究发现,在HS1早期(18.3—16.3 cal ka BP),位于9°54′N的YDY09孔的炭屑总浓度与木本型炭屑百分比均降至最低,而草本型炭屑百分比则有所上升,这表明火灾发生强度急剧降低。这一变化,结合有孔虫和石笋δ^(18)O记录所揭示的降水减少信号,可能源于当时气候干旱与温度降低共同导致的植被退化。该结论说明炭屑、孢粉与有孔虫等其他指标重建的印度夏季风降水结果一致,也与来自10°N的YDY10岩芯和15°N的E87-32B岩芯中常绿阔叶林花粉低值所反映的干旱情形相符。同期,苏门答腊岛2个孔(分别位于6°N和6°S)的炭屑和孢粉含量也分别显示湿润和干旱,反映其炭屑和孢粉源区当时处于ITCZ雨带范围内部与外部区域。炭屑与孢粉记录共同揭示,HS1早期在10°N至6°S范围之外存在干旱证据;结合苏门答腊岛6°N孔的湿润证据,间接支持了该时期ITCZ位置在6°N两侧。展开更多
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30571441)the Project of The Talented Youth Scientist of Shandong Province (No. 2006BS07002)the National Eleventh Five-Year Scientific and Technological Key Project (No.2006BAD09A07).
文摘Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of salinity fluctuation frequency on the osmolarity, Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity and HSP70 of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis ruth initial wet body weight of 1.460g±0.091 g. The salinity in the control group （DO） was 28 throughout the experiment, whereas treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 were subjected to different salinity fluctuation frequencies of 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively. The salinity in treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 was kept at 28 for 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively, decreased abruptly to salinity 24, lasted for another 2 d, and then was raised to its initial value 28. This was a complete salinity fluctuation cycle that afterwards repeated itself. After 32 days, the osmolarity in treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 was significantly lower than that in treatment DO （P〈0.05）. There were significant differences in both muscle and eyestalks HSP70 expression among groups. The HSP70 expressions in muscle and eyestalks in group D4 were 61.4% and 57.0% higher, respectively, than that in the control group DO （P〈0.05）. There were, however, no significant differences in gill or hepatopancreas Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity between the treatments and the control.
文摘前人研究认为,受海因里希1(Heinrich Stadial 1,HS1)早期(约18.3—16.3cal ka BP)北半球降温的影响,热带辐合带(intertropical convergence zone,ITCZ)雨带的平均位置会向南移动。但是,最新结果发现,HS1早期北半球低纬度地区(3oN—9oN)呈现湿润水文条件,而其南北部却同步出现干旱。可见HS1早期ITCZ对北大西洋降温事件的响应方向及位移幅度仍存争议。孟加拉湾的海洋炭屑记录保存了周边陆地大量气候成因古火事件的信息。研究发现,在HS1早期(18.3—16.3 cal ka BP),位于9°54′N的YDY09孔的炭屑总浓度与木本型炭屑百分比均降至最低,而草本型炭屑百分比则有所上升,这表明火灾发生强度急剧降低。这一变化,结合有孔虫和石笋δ^(18)O记录所揭示的降水减少信号,可能源于当时气候干旱与温度降低共同导致的植被退化。该结论说明炭屑、孢粉与有孔虫等其他指标重建的印度夏季风降水结果一致,也与来自10°N的YDY10岩芯和15°N的E87-32B岩芯中常绿阔叶林花粉低值所反映的干旱情形相符。同期,苏门答腊岛2个孔(分别位于6°N和6°S)的炭屑和孢粉含量也分别显示湿润和干旱,反映其炭屑和孢粉源区当时处于ITCZ雨带范围内部与外部区域。炭屑与孢粉记录共同揭示,HS1早期在10°N至6°S范围之外存在干旱证据;结合苏门答腊岛6°N孔的湿润证据,间接支持了该时期ITCZ位置在6°N两侧。
