危险性评价是我国西南山区防灾减灾的重要手段,目前大部分评价体系采用的评价模型层次浅显且指标单一,针对该问题,提出层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)-证据权耦合模型,对马尔康地质灾害危险性展开评价研究。结合ArcGIS水...危险性评价是我国西南山区防灾减灾的重要手段,目前大部分评价体系采用的评价模型层次浅显且指标单一,针对该问题,提出层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)-证据权耦合模型,对马尔康地质灾害危险性展开评价研究。结合ArcGIS水文分析和人机交互实现了斜坡单元划分的优化,将研究区划分为5695个斜坡单元,选取了年均降雨量、地层岩性、坡度、坡向、距水系距离、距断层距离、距道路距离、斜坡高差8个指标因子,采用AHP-证据权耦合模型分别求解指标因子权重值及下属区间对地质灾害事件的贡献度,得到研究区地质灾害危险性分区图。结果表明,高危险区和极高危险区分别占研究区总面积的14.96%和8.46%,主要集中在水系两侧的居民聚集区,受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic,AUC)为0.78,模型整体预测精度较好。研究成果可为区域地质灾害的危险性评价提供参考,对于西南山区地质灾害排查的前期工作开展具有指导意义。展开更多
Knowledge of the mechanical behavior of planetary rocks is indispensable for space explorations.The scarcity of pristine samples and the irregular shapes of planetary meteorites make it difficult to obtain representat...Knowledge of the mechanical behavior of planetary rocks is indispensable for space explorations.The scarcity of pristine samples and the irregular shapes of planetary meteorites make it difficult to obtain representative samples for conventional macroscale rock mechanics experiments(macro-RMEs).This critical review discusses recent advances in microscale RMEs(micro-RMEs)techniques and the upscaling methods for extracting mechanical parameters.Methods of mineralogical and microstructural analyses,along with non-destructive mechanical techniques,have provided new opportunities for studying planetary rocks with unprecedented precision and capabilities.First,we summarize several mainstream methods for obtaining the mineralogy and microstructure of planetary rocks.Then,nondestructive micromechanical testing methods,nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy(AFM),are detailed reviewed,illustrating the principles,advantages,influencing factors,and available testing results from literature.Subsequently,several feasible upscaling methods that bridge the micro-measurements of meteorite pieces to the strength of the intact body are introduced.Finally,the potential applications of planetary rock mechanics research to guiding the design and execution of space missions are environed,ranging from sample return missions and planetary defense to extraterrestrial construction.These discussions are expected to broaden the understanding of the microscale mechanical properties of planetary rocks and their significant role in deep space exploration.展开更多
1.Introduction In recent years,there have been significant advancements in the scope and depth of space exploration.Challenging missions,such as returning to the Moon and exploring Mars,are gradually being implemented...1.Introduction In recent years,there have been significant advancements in the scope and depth of space exploration.Challenging missions,such as returning to the Moon and exploring Mars,are gradually being implemented.In deep space exploration,understanding the mechanical behavior of planetary geomaterials is crucial for various missions,including mission planning.展开更多
文摘危险性评价是我国西南山区防灾减灾的重要手段,目前大部分评价体系采用的评价模型层次浅显且指标单一,针对该问题,提出层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)-证据权耦合模型,对马尔康地质灾害危险性展开评价研究。结合ArcGIS水文分析和人机交互实现了斜坡单元划分的优化,将研究区划分为5695个斜坡单元,选取了年均降雨量、地层岩性、坡度、坡向、距水系距离、距断层距离、距道路距离、斜坡高差8个指标因子,采用AHP-证据权耦合模型分别求解指标因子权重值及下属区间对地质灾害事件的贡献度,得到研究区地质灾害危险性分区图。结果表明,高危险区和极高危险区分别占研究区总面积的14.96%和8.46%,主要集中在水系两侧的居民聚集区,受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic,AUC)为0.78,模型整体预测精度较好。研究成果可为区域地质灾害的危险性评价提供参考,对于西南山区地质灾害排查的前期工作开展具有指导意义。
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023TQ0247)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220530140602005)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2042023kfyq03)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515111071)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade B)of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.GZB20230544).
文摘Knowledge of the mechanical behavior of planetary rocks is indispensable for space explorations.The scarcity of pristine samples and the irregular shapes of planetary meteorites make it difficult to obtain representative samples for conventional macroscale rock mechanics experiments(macro-RMEs).This critical review discusses recent advances in microscale RMEs(micro-RMEs)techniques and the upscaling methods for extracting mechanical parameters.Methods of mineralogical and microstructural analyses,along with non-destructive mechanical techniques,have provided new opportunities for studying planetary rocks with unprecedented precision and capabilities.First,we summarize several mainstream methods for obtaining the mineralogy and microstructure of planetary rocks.Then,nondestructive micromechanical testing methods,nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy(AFM),are detailed reviewed,illustrating the principles,advantages,influencing factors,and available testing results from literature.Subsequently,several feasible upscaling methods that bridge the micro-measurements of meteorite pieces to the strength of the intact body are introduced.Finally,the potential applications of planetary rock mechanics research to guiding the design and execution of space missions are environed,ranging from sample return missions and planetary defense to extraterrestrial construction.These discussions are expected to broaden the understanding of the microscale mechanical properties of planetary rocks and their significant role in deep space exploration.
文摘1.Introduction In recent years,there have been significant advancements in the scope and depth of space exploration.Challenging missions,such as returning to the Moon and exploring Mars,are gradually being implemented.In deep space exploration,understanding the mechanical behavior of planetary geomaterials is crucial for various missions,including mission planning.
