火山活动长期以来被视为驱动恐龙演化及灭绝过程的重要地质因素之一,探究二者的时空关联关系,对于进一步理解恐龙的适应性演化、空间迁移模式乃至集群灭绝事件有着重要意义。当前对火山活动与恐龙演化的时空关联研究仍存在明显不足,尤...火山活动长期以来被视为驱动恐龙演化及灭绝过程的重要地质因素之一,探究二者的时空关联关系,对于进一步理解恐龙的适应性演化、空间迁移模式乃至集群灭绝事件有着重要意义。当前对火山活动与恐龙演化的时空关联研究仍存在明显不足,尤其是在地质大数据快速发展的背景下,缺乏基于多源数据库整合与定量空间分析的系统性研究,这在一定程度上制约了对二者协同演变规律的深入解析。本研究在数据驱动框架下,整合了古生物学数据库(The Paleobiology Database,PBDB)和深骨数据库(Deepbone Database,DBD)的恐龙化石记录以及大陆和海洋岩石的地球化学数据库(Geochemistry of Rocks of the Oceans and Continents,GEOROC)的火山岩数据。在此基础上,结合古地理重建、核密度估计及K-D树最近邻搜索等方法,系统解析了晚三叠世至晚白垩世恐龙演化与火山活动的时空关联特征。结果表明:在中生代整体温暖气候背景下,恐龙分布呈现以中纬度地区为分布峰值的纬度梯度格局;中大西洋大火成岩省喷发和卡鲁费拉尔大火成岩省喷发显著影响恐龙演化,在时间和空间上二者表现出高度相关性;空间距离分析进一步揭示,恐龙化石与火山岩的距离分布呈现递减趋势与双峰特征,第一峰值位于0~200 km,第二峰值位于约450 km处。该空间分布模式可能是火山喷发引发的短期环境灾害效应、火山物质输入带来的长期生态增益作用以及构造活动塑造的古地理格局共同作用的结果。展开更多
Five new small theropod teeth and one manual ungual have recently been recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin.The specimens were examined for their morphological characteristics,l...Five new small theropod teeth and one manual ungual have recently been recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin.The specimens were examined for their morphological characteristics,leading to the identification of four distinct taxa.The first taxon consists of three foliodont teeth characterized by a pronounced basal constriction and large hook-like distal denticles,which can be attributed to Troodontidae.The second taxon is represented by an elongated tooth featuring prominent longitudinal ridges,allowing for its assignment to Paronychodon.The third taxon is a bladelike tooth with notably small distal denticles,corresponding to Richardoestesia.The fourth taxon comprises a manual ungual characterized by a transversely wide and nearly symmetrical proximal articular surface,fully enclosed ventral foramina,a flattened ventral surface,and the absence of a flexor tubercle,resembling Alvarezsauridae.These specimens significantly enhance the known dinosaur diversity of the Nenjiang Formation and provide crucial insights for understanding the terrestrial ecosystem in Northeast Asia during the Late Cretaceous.展开更多
文摘火山活动长期以来被视为驱动恐龙演化及灭绝过程的重要地质因素之一,探究二者的时空关联关系,对于进一步理解恐龙的适应性演化、空间迁移模式乃至集群灭绝事件有着重要意义。当前对火山活动与恐龙演化的时空关联研究仍存在明显不足,尤其是在地质大数据快速发展的背景下,缺乏基于多源数据库整合与定量空间分析的系统性研究,这在一定程度上制约了对二者协同演变规律的深入解析。本研究在数据驱动框架下,整合了古生物学数据库(The Paleobiology Database,PBDB)和深骨数据库(Deepbone Database,DBD)的恐龙化石记录以及大陆和海洋岩石的地球化学数据库(Geochemistry of Rocks of the Oceans and Continents,GEOROC)的火山岩数据。在此基础上,结合古地理重建、核密度估计及K-D树最近邻搜索等方法,系统解析了晚三叠世至晚白垩世恐龙演化与火山活动的时空关联特征。结果表明:在中生代整体温暖气候背景下,恐龙分布呈现以中纬度地区为分布峰值的纬度梯度格局;中大西洋大火成岩省喷发和卡鲁费拉尔大火成岩省喷发显著影响恐龙演化,在时间和空间上二者表现出高度相关性;空间距离分析进一步揭示,恐龙化石与火山岩的距离分布呈现递减趋势与双峰特征,第一峰值位于0~200 km,第二峰值位于约450 km处。该空间分布模式可能是火山喷发引发的短期环境灾害效应、火山物质输入带来的长期生态增益作用以及构造活动塑造的古地理格局共同作用的结果。
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.41202012)Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(No.123120600034-2)。
文摘Five new small theropod teeth and one manual ungual have recently been recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin.The specimens were examined for their morphological characteristics,leading to the identification of four distinct taxa.The first taxon consists of three foliodont teeth characterized by a pronounced basal constriction and large hook-like distal denticles,which can be attributed to Troodontidae.The second taxon is represented by an elongated tooth featuring prominent longitudinal ridges,allowing for its assignment to Paronychodon.The third taxon is a bladelike tooth with notably small distal denticles,corresponding to Richardoestesia.The fourth taxon comprises a manual ungual characterized by a transversely wide and nearly symmetrical proximal articular surface,fully enclosed ventral foramina,a flattened ventral surface,and the absence of a flexor tubercle,resembling Alvarezsauridae.These specimens significantly enhance the known dinosaur diversity of the Nenjiang Formation and provide crucial insights for understanding the terrestrial ecosystem in Northeast Asia during the Late Cretaceous.
