The International Radiation Symposium(IRS) is a quadrennial symposium of the International Radiation Commission(IRC), one of the 11 commissions under the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Scienc...The International Radiation Symposium(IRS) is a quadrennial symposium of the International Radiation Commission(IRC), one of the 11 commissions under the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS).The role of the IRC is to promote fundamental research in atmospheric radiation and its applications to practical problems.展开更多
The study of shortwave(SW) radiation and its interactions with our planet has proven critical for advancing the understanding of the Earth–atmosphere system. Here, the author shares an accessible and high-level persp...The study of shortwave(SW) radiation and its interactions with our planet has proven critical for advancing the understanding of the Earth–atmosphere system. Here, the author shares an accessible and high-level perspective on recent progress, surprises encountered, and promising future research directionsa. A brief context for the study of SW radiation is provided, after which three specific aspects are focused upon that the author considers particularly important. First, the significance of three-dimensional(3D) SW radiative effects is highlighted via impacts on surface downward SW radiation in complex cloud fields. Crucially, it is shown that probability distributions of surface radiation can only be reliably simulated when accounting for 3D effects, which has implications for various applications and next-generation atmospheric modeling. Second, the significance of the often overlooked diurnal cycle in global top-of-atmosphere upward SW radiation is underscored by quantifying the controlling properties and processes. Opportunities for improved future satellite observations of the global diurnal cycle are noted. Third, the wealth of information provided by the spectral dimension of SW radiation is demonstrated through the extraction and attribution of SW spectral signatures. It is argued that further exploration of the spectral dimension, aided by the recently launched and upcoming suite of spectrally resolved SW satellite observations, promises a new era of SW radiation research.展开更多
The Tibetan Plateau(TP),characterized by its elevated topography,plays a crucial role in regional environmental and climate dynamics,where the understanding of radiation energy budgets is essential.However,accurately ...The Tibetan Plateau(TP),characterized by its elevated topography,plays a crucial role in regional environmental and climate dynamics,where the understanding of radiation energy budgets is essential.However,accurately estimating the spatiotemporal variations of radiation budget components and surface albedo across the diverse landscapes of the TP remains a significant challenge for the scientific community.To address this issue,numerous atmospheric experiments and research initiatives have been conducted since the 1960s,focusing on quantitatively assessing the spatial distribution and temporal variations of radiation fluxes through both observational data and remote sensing techniques.This paper systematically reviews the key advancements in radiation energy studies over the past 35 years,with a particular focus on measurements derived from tens of radiation flux stations and satellite observations across the TP.Additionally,the development of parameterization schemes in topographical effects on radiation fluxes is also summarized.Finally,the paper discusses potential future research directions in this field.展开更多
The International Radiation Commission held its quadrennial International Radiation Symposium(IRS) in Hangzhou,China, from 17-21 June 2024. A lively meeting of 276 scientists from 18 countries occurred at the Zhejiang...The International Radiation Commission held its quadrennial International Radiation Symposium(IRS) in Hangzhou,China, from 17-21 June 2024. A lively meeting of 276 scientists from 18 countries occurred at the Zhejiang Sanli New Century Grand Hotel. There were ten oral and two poster sessions covering a wide range of topics, from radiative transfer theory and modeling to particle radiative properties, solar UV radiation, and ground-based measurements. This summary is not an exhaustive overview but rather a broad sample of the many talks delivered at IRS.展开更多
This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation(SSR)in southern China,revealing different spatial distributions and und...This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation(SSR)in southern China,revealing different spatial distributions and underlying mechanisms.The results show that,during the developing winter of EP El Niño,significant SSR reductions occur in southwestern China and the east coast of southern China due to a strong,zonally extended Northwest Pacific anticyclone that transports moisture from the tropical Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean,while the northeast of southern China experiences a weak increase in SSR.In contrast,during the developing winter of CP El Niño,SSR decreases in the east of southern China with a significant decrease in the lower basin of the Yangtze River but an increase in the west of southern China with a remarkable increase in eastern Yunnan.The pronounced east-west dipole pattern in SSR anomalies is driven by a meridionally elongated Northwest Pacific anticyclone,which enhances northward moisture transport to the east of southern China while leaving western areas drier.Further research reveals that distinct moisture anomalies during the developing winter of EP and CP events result in divergent SSR distributions across southern China,primarily through modulating the total cloud cover.These findings highlight the critical need to differentiate between El Niño types when predicting medium and long-term variability of radiation in southern China.展开更多
This study proposes a novel forecasting framework that simultaneously captures the strong periodicity and irregular meteorological fluctuations inherent in solar radiation time series.Existing approaches typically def...This study proposes a novel forecasting framework that simultaneously captures the strong periodicity and irregular meteorological fluctuations inherent in solar radiation time series.Existing approaches typically define inter-regional correlations using either simple correlation coefficients or distance-based measures when applying spatio-temporal graph neural networks(STGNNs).However,such definitions are prone to generating spurious correlations due to the dominance of periodic structures.To address this limitation,we adopt the Elastic-Band Transform(EBT)to decompose solar radiation into periodic and amplitude-modulated components,which are then modeled independently with separate graph neural networks.The periodic component,characterized by strong nationwide correlations,is learned with a relatively simple architecture,whereas the amplitude-modulated component is modeled with more complex STGNNs that capture climatological similarities between regions.The predictions from the two components are subsequently recombined to yield final forecasts that integrate both periodic patterns and aperiodic variability.The proposed framework is validated with multiple STGNN architectures,and experimental results demonstrate improved predictive accuracy and interpretability compared to conventional methods.展开更多
Worldwide radiation records suggest that the amount of sunlight received at the Earth's surface(surface solar radiation, SSR) has not been stable over the years, but underwent significant decadal variations, popul...Worldwide radiation records suggest that the amount of sunlight received at the Earth's surface(surface solar radiation, SSR) has not been stable over the years, but underwent significant decadal variations, popularly also known as “global dimming and brightening”. These variations have been particularly evident in China, where the SSR substantially declined from the 1960s to the 1990s(dimming), with indications for a trend reversal in the 2000s and a slight recovery(brightening) in recent years. This perspective/review paper will discuss recent updates and remaining challenges regarding our knowledge of the magnitudes, causes, and implications of these variations in SSR worldwide, with a particular emphasis on the developments in China.展开更多
文摘The International Radiation Symposium(IRS) is a quadrennial symposium of the International Radiation Commission(IRC), one of the 11 commissions under the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS).The role of the IRC is to promote fundamental research in atmospheric radiation and its applications to practical problems.
基金the NOAA Atmospheric Science for Renewable Energy (ASRE) programthe Earth Venture Continuity 1 (EVC-1) Libera project under NASA Contract 80LARC20D0006the NOAA cooperative agreement with CIRES,NA22OAR4320151。
文摘The study of shortwave(SW) radiation and its interactions with our planet has proven critical for advancing the understanding of the Earth–atmosphere system. Here, the author shares an accessible and high-level perspective on recent progress, surprises encountered, and promising future research directionsa. A brief context for the study of SW radiation is provided, after which three specific aspects are focused upon that the author considers particularly important. First, the significance of three-dimensional(3D) SW radiative effects is highlighted via impacts on surface downward SW radiation in complex cloud fields. Crucially, it is shown that probability distributions of surface radiation can only be reliably simulated when accounting for 3D effects, which has implications for various applications and next-generation atmospheric modeling. Second, the significance of the often overlooked diurnal cycle in global top-of-atmosphere upward SW radiation is underscored by quantifying the controlling properties and processes. Opportunities for improved future satellite observations of the global diurnal cycle are noted. Third, the wealth of information provided by the spectral dimension of SW radiation is demonstrated through the extraction and attribution of SW spectral signatures. It is argued that further exploration of the spectral dimension, aided by the recently launched and upcoming suite of spectrally resolved SW satellite observations, promises a new era of SW radiation research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42230610 and U2442213)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2022069)。
文摘The Tibetan Plateau(TP),characterized by its elevated topography,plays a crucial role in regional environmental and climate dynamics,where the understanding of radiation energy budgets is essential.However,accurately estimating the spatiotemporal variations of radiation budget components and surface albedo across the diverse landscapes of the TP remains a significant challenge for the scientific community.To address this issue,numerous atmospheric experiments and research initiatives have been conducted since the 1960s,focusing on quantitatively assessing the spatial distribution and temporal variations of radiation fluxes through both observational data and remote sensing techniques.This paper systematically reviews the key advancements in radiation energy studies over the past 35 years,with a particular focus on measurements derived from tens of radiation flux stations and satellite observations across the TP.Additionally,the development of parameterization schemes in topographical effects on radiation fluxes is also summarized.Finally,the paper discusses potential future research directions in this field.
文摘The International Radiation Commission held its quadrennial International Radiation Symposium(IRS) in Hangzhou,China, from 17-21 June 2024. A lively meeting of 276 scientists from 18 countries occurred at the Zhejiang Sanli New Century Grand Hotel. There were ten oral and two poster sessions covering a wide range of topics, from radiative transfer theory and modeling to particle radiative properties, solar UV radiation, and ground-based measurements. This summary is not an exhaustive overview but rather a broad sample of the many talks delivered at IRS.
基金funded by a Project from China Southern Power Grid Company Ltd.(Nos.ZBKJXM20232481 and ZBKJXM20232482)。
文摘This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation(SSR)in southern China,revealing different spatial distributions and underlying mechanisms.The results show that,during the developing winter of EP El Niño,significant SSR reductions occur in southwestern China and the east coast of southern China due to a strong,zonally extended Northwest Pacific anticyclone that transports moisture from the tropical Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean,while the northeast of southern China experiences a weak increase in SSR.In contrast,during the developing winter of CP El Niño,SSR decreases in the east of southern China with a significant decrease in the lower basin of the Yangtze River but an increase in the west of southern China with a remarkable increase in eastern Yunnan.The pronounced east-west dipole pattern in SSR anomalies is driven by a meridionally elongated Northwest Pacific anticyclone,which enhances northward moisture transport to the east of southern China while leaving western areas drier.Further research reveals that distinct moisture anomalies during the developing winter of EP and CP events result in divergent SSR distributions across southern China,primarily through modulating the total cloud cover.These findings highlight the critical need to differentiate between El Niño types when predicting medium and long-term variability of radiation in southern China.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(RS-2023-00249743).
文摘This study proposes a novel forecasting framework that simultaneously captures the strong periodicity and irregular meteorological fluctuations inherent in solar radiation time series.Existing approaches typically define inter-regional correlations using either simple correlation coefficients or distance-based measures when applying spatio-temporal graph neural networks(STGNNs).However,such definitions are prone to generating spurious correlations due to the dominance of periodic structures.To address this limitation,we adopt the Elastic-Band Transform(EBT)to decompose solar radiation into periodic and amplitude-modulated components,which are then modeled independently with separate graph neural networks.The periodic component,characterized by strong nationwide correlations,is learned with a relatively simple architecture,whereas the amplitude-modulated component is modeled with more complex STGNNs that capture climatological similarities between regions.The predictions from the two components are subsequently recombined to yield final forecasts that integrate both periodic patterns and aperiodic variability.The proposed framework is validated with multiple STGNN architectures,and experimental results demonstrate improved predictive accuracy and interpretability compared to conventional methods.
基金supported by a sequence of Swiss National Science Foundation Grants (Grant Nos.200021_135395,200020_159938,200020_188601)funding from the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology Meteo Swiss within the framework of GCOS Switzerland in support of the Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) hosted at ETH Zurich。
文摘Worldwide radiation records suggest that the amount of sunlight received at the Earth's surface(surface solar radiation, SSR) has not been stable over the years, but underwent significant decadal variations, popularly also known as “global dimming and brightening”. These variations have been particularly evident in China, where the SSR substantially declined from the 1960s to the 1990s(dimming), with indications for a trend reversal in the 2000s and a slight recovery(brightening) in recent years. This perspective/review paper will discuss recent updates and remaining challenges regarding our knowledge of the magnitudes, causes, and implications of these variations in SSR worldwide, with a particular emphasis on the developments in China.
