对流激发的重力波能够向中层大气输送动量和能量,准确获取重力波主要特征对于研究中层大气的动力学和热力学结构非常重要。本文利用COSMIC(constellation observing system for meteorology,ionosphere and climate)资料,结合中尺度数...对流激发的重力波能够向中层大气输送动量和能量,准确获取重力波主要特征对于研究中层大气的动力学和热力学结构非常重要。本文利用COSMIC(constellation observing system for meteorology,ionosphere and climate)资料,结合中尺度数值预报模式WRF(weather research and forecasting),对2010年8月4日发生在华北地区上空的一次对流激发的重力波事件进行分析。结果表明:此次事件激发的重力波在平流层以中低频重力波为主,且在平流层中垂直波长、水平波长分别为9~11 km和650~800 km,约62%的动量聚集在15~25 km高度的低平流层。在对流活动发生期间,低平流层重力波势能密度一直维持较大数值,而上平流层重力波势能密度则在对流减弱后迅速减小,且伴随着下一次对流活动的出现再次迅速增大。平流层不同高度上重力波势能密度对对流活动的响应主要与对流发展高度和背景风场有关,当对流发展较浅时,其激发的重力波在低层西风中易耗散;当对流发展较深到16 km甚至更高时,其激发的重力波接近零风层,并在东风中迅速上传,使得高层重力波势能密度增加较快。展开更多
Stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles are retrieved from Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography(SCIAMACHY) limb scatter measurements.In the process of retrieval,the SCIATRAN radiative...Stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles are retrieved from Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography(SCIAMACHY) limb scatter measurements.In the process of retrieval,the SCIATRAN radiative transfer model is used to simulate the limb scattering radiation received by the SCIAMACHY instrument,and an optimal estimation algorithm is used to calculate the aerosol extinction profiles.Sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the impact of the surface albedo on the accuracy of the retrieved aerosol extinction profiles in the northern midlatitudes.It is found that the errors resulting from the bias of the assumed surface albedo in the retrieval are generally below 6%.The retrieved SCIAMACHY aerosol extinction profiles are compared with corresponding Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment(SAGE) II measurements,and the results indicate that for the zonal mean profiles,the SCIAMACHY retrievals show good agreement with SAGE II measurements,with the absolute differences being less than 2.3×10-5 km-1 from 14–25 km,and less than 5.9×10-6 km-1 from 25–35 km;and the relative differences being within 20% over the latitude range of 14–35 km.展开更多
基金The Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41127901)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41475001,11404344)Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KJCX2-EWN07)
文摘对流激发的重力波能够向中层大气输送动量和能量,准确获取重力波主要特征对于研究中层大气的动力学和热力学结构非常重要。本文利用COSMIC(constellation observing system for meteorology,ionosphere and climate)资料,结合中尺度数值预报模式WRF(weather research and forecasting),对2010年8月4日发生在华北地区上空的一次对流激发的重力波事件进行分析。结果表明:此次事件激发的重力波在平流层以中低频重力波为主,且在平流层中垂直波长、水平波长分别为9~11 km和650~800 km,约62%的动量聚集在15~25 km高度的低平流层。在对流活动发生期间,低平流层重力波势能密度一直维持较大数值,而上平流层重力波势能密度则在对流减弱后迅速减小,且伴随着下一次对流活动的出现再次迅速增大。平流层不同高度上重力波势能密度对对流活动的响应主要与对流发展高度和背景风场有关,当对流发展较浅时,其激发的重力波在低层西风中易耗散;当对流发展较深到16 km甚至更高时,其激发的重力波接近零风层,并在东风中迅速上传,使得高层重力波势能密度增加较快。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41275047)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2013CB955801)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDA05100300)
文摘Stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles are retrieved from Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography(SCIAMACHY) limb scatter measurements.In the process of retrieval,the SCIATRAN radiative transfer model is used to simulate the limb scattering radiation received by the SCIAMACHY instrument,and an optimal estimation algorithm is used to calculate the aerosol extinction profiles.Sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the impact of the surface albedo on the accuracy of the retrieved aerosol extinction profiles in the northern midlatitudes.It is found that the errors resulting from the bias of the assumed surface albedo in the retrieval are generally below 6%.The retrieved SCIAMACHY aerosol extinction profiles are compared with corresponding Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment(SAGE) II measurements,and the results indicate that for the zonal mean profiles,the SCIAMACHY retrievals show good agreement with SAGE II measurements,with the absolute differences being less than 2.3×10-5 km-1 from 14–25 km,and less than 5.9×10-6 km-1 from 25–35 km;and the relative differences being within 20% over the latitude range of 14–35 km.
