【目的】青藏高原作为中国最大,世界海拔最高的高原,地表温度垂直递减率(Land Surface Temperature Lapse Rate,LTLR)的时空分布特征对气候变化、生态系统以及水文过程研究具有重要意义。已有研究无法准确表达复杂地形条件下的山区近地...【目的】青藏高原作为中国最大,世界海拔最高的高原,地表温度垂直递减率(Land Surface Temperature Lapse Rate,LTLR)的时空分布特征对气候变化、生态系统以及水文过程研究具有重要意义。已有研究无法准确表达复杂地形条件下的山区近地表气温直减率在时空分布与变化上的精细特征。因此本研究利用地表温度日变化模型估算出青藏高原逐小时地表温度,进而计算出逐小时月均LTLR,以获得青藏高原地区高时空分辨率的LTLR分布。【方法】本研究基于2022年中国西部逐日1 km全天候地表温度数据集TRIMS,利用地表温度日变化模型对青藏高原逐小时地表温度进行估算,进而采用滑动窗口法计算逐小时月均LTLR,分析了研究区LTLR在季节尺度上的时空分布与差异特征。弥补了青藏高原地区缺少高时空分辨率LTLR研究的现状。【结果】(1)4个季节平均LTLR分别为-6.12、-7.63、-5.89和-3.23℃/km,春夏季节整体高于秋冬季节,但横断山脉区域相反,冬季平均LTLR较夏季高出约0.57℃/km;(2)春夏季最大LTLR分别为-14.45℃/km、-13.92℃/km,相对于秋、冬季最大LTLR的-13.60℃/km、-11.61℃/km,更高,因高海拔和干旱晴朗天气影响,羌塘高原区不同季节的最大LTLR差异显著,其中冬季最大LTLR最小,为-13.67℃/km;(3)夏季最小LTLR最为大,高出其他季节约3.05℃/km,其中横断山脉四季最小LTLR均较大,其中春季最小LTLR为-1.16℃/km,比其他3个季节更高,最小的秋季最小LTLR为0.03℃/km,而羌塘高原区四季最小LTLR最小;(4)日变化曲线显示,春秋冬3个季节的LTLR在11:00—14:00最大,春季最小LTLR出现在20:00—23:00,秋季最小LTLR出现时间较春季提前了约1 h,而夏季一天中出现2次最大LTLR,分别在4:00—7:00和15:00—18:00,在21:00—23:00呈现出日最小LTLR特征。【结论】本研究对深入揭示青藏高原地表温度垂直递减率在季节尺度上的时空变化特征与相关影响机制有重要作用。展开更多
The interactions between clouds and aerosols represent one of the largest uncertainties in assessing the Earth's radiation budget, highlighting the importance of research on the transition zone(TZ) within the clou...The interactions between clouds and aerosols represent one of the largest uncertainties in assessing the Earth's radiation budget, highlighting the importance of research on the transition zone(TZ) within the cloud-aerosol continuum.This study assesses the global distribution of TZ conditions, analyzes its optical characteristics, and determines the cloud or aerosol types most commonly associated with them, using the cloud-aerosol discrimination(CAD) score of the CloudAerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization(CALIOP) instrument on the CALIPSO satellite. The CAD score classifies clouds and aerosols by the probability density functions of attenuated backscatter, total color ratio, volume depolarization ratio, altitude, and latitude. After applying several filters to avoid artifacts, the TZ was identified as those atmospheric layers that cannot be clearly classified as clouds or aerosols, layers within the no-confidence range(NCR) of the CAD score, and cirrus fringes. The optical characteristics of NCR layers exhibit two main clusters: Cluster 1, with properties between high-altitude ice clouds and aerosols(e.g., wispy cloud fragments), and Cluster 2, with properties between water clouds and aerosols at lower altitudes(e.g., large hydrated aerosols). Our results highlight the significant ubiquity of TZ conditions, which appear in 9.5% of all profiles and comprise 6.4% of the detected layers. Cluster 1 and cirrus-fringe layers predominate near the ITCZ and in mid-latitudes, whereas Cluster 2 layers are more frequent over the oceans along the central West African and East Asian coasts, where elevated smoke and dusty marine aerosols are common.展开更多
Precipitable water vapor(PWV)is a key component of the Earth’s climate system,playing a vital role in weather,climate,and hydrological cycling.Passive microwave remote sensing offers a promising approach to measure a...Precipitable water vapor(PWV)is a key component of the Earth’s climate system,playing a vital role in weather,climate,and hydrological cycling.Passive microwave remote sensing offers a promising approach to measure all-sky PWV,though it remains challenging over land.Building on our previous development of a machine learning algorithm,we have created a global terrestrial PWV dataset using measurements from the MicroWave Radiation Imager(MWRI)aboard three FY-3 satellite series(FY-3B,FY-3C and FY-3D).The dataset spans from 2012 to 2020 at a spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25°.It was validated against SuomiNet GPS and IGRA2(Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive Version 2)PWV products,achieving root-mean-square errors(RMSEs)of 4.47 and 3.89 mm,respectively,with RMSE values ranging from 2.90 to 5.49 mm across diverse surface conditions.As an all-weather PWV product with high-precision,the MWRI PWV dataset addresses gaps in global passive microwave-based terrestrial PWV observations,offering significant value for atmospheric research,climate modeling,hydrological studies,and beyond.展开更多
文摘【目的】青藏高原作为中国最大,世界海拔最高的高原,地表温度垂直递减率(Land Surface Temperature Lapse Rate,LTLR)的时空分布特征对气候变化、生态系统以及水文过程研究具有重要意义。已有研究无法准确表达复杂地形条件下的山区近地表气温直减率在时空分布与变化上的精细特征。因此本研究利用地表温度日变化模型估算出青藏高原逐小时地表温度,进而计算出逐小时月均LTLR,以获得青藏高原地区高时空分辨率的LTLR分布。【方法】本研究基于2022年中国西部逐日1 km全天候地表温度数据集TRIMS,利用地表温度日变化模型对青藏高原逐小时地表温度进行估算,进而采用滑动窗口法计算逐小时月均LTLR,分析了研究区LTLR在季节尺度上的时空分布与差异特征。弥补了青藏高原地区缺少高时空分辨率LTLR研究的现状。【结果】(1)4个季节平均LTLR分别为-6.12、-7.63、-5.89和-3.23℃/km,春夏季节整体高于秋冬季节,但横断山脉区域相反,冬季平均LTLR较夏季高出约0.57℃/km;(2)春夏季最大LTLR分别为-14.45℃/km、-13.92℃/km,相对于秋、冬季最大LTLR的-13.60℃/km、-11.61℃/km,更高,因高海拔和干旱晴朗天气影响,羌塘高原区不同季节的最大LTLR差异显著,其中冬季最大LTLR最小,为-13.67℃/km;(3)夏季最小LTLR最为大,高出其他季节约3.05℃/km,其中横断山脉四季最小LTLR均较大,其中春季最小LTLR为-1.16℃/km,比其他3个季节更高,最小的秋季最小LTLR为0.03℃/km,而羌塘高原区四季最小LTLR最小;(4)日变化曲线显示,春秋冬3个季节的LTLR在11:00—14:00最大,春季最小LTLR出现在20:00—23:00,秋季最小LTLR出现时间较春季提前了约1 h,而夏季一天中出现2次最大LTLR,分别在4:00—7:00和15:00—18:00,在21:00—23:00呈现出日最小LTLR特征。【结论】本研究对深入揭示青藏高原地表温度垂直递减率在季节尺度上的时空变化特征与相关影响机制有重要作用。
基金funded through project NUBOLOSYTI (PID2023149972NB-100) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN)supported by an IFUdG 2022 fellowship。
文摘The interactions between clouds and aerosols represent one of the largest uncertainties in assessing the Earth's radiation budget, highlighting the importance of research on the transition zone(TZ) within the cloud-aerosol continuum.This study assesses the global distribution of TZ conditions, analyzes its optical characteristics, and determines the cloud or aerosol types most commonly associated with them, using the cloud-aerosol discrimination(CAD) score of the CloudAerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization(CALIOP) instrument on the CALIPSO satellite. The CAD score classifies clouds and aerosols by the probability density functions of attenuated backscatter, total color ratio, volume depolarization ratio, altitude, and latitude. After applying several filters to avoid artifacts, the TZ was identified as those atmospheric layers that cannot be clearly classified as clouds or aerosols, layers within the no-confidence range(NCR) of the CAD score, and cirrus fringes. The optical characteristics of NCR layers exhibit two main clusters: Cluster 1, with properties between high-altitude ice clouds and aerosols(e.g., wispy cloud fragments), and Cluster 2, with properties between water clouds and aerosols at lower altitudes(e.g., large hydrated aerosols). Our results highlight the significant ubiquity of TZ conditions, which appear in 9.5% of all profiles and comprise 6.4% of the detected layers. Cluster 1 and cirrus-fringe layers predominate near the ITCZ and in mid-latitudes, whereas Cluster 2 layers are more frequent over the oceans along the central West African and East Asian coasts, where elevated smoke and dusty marine aerosols are common.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42075079 and U2442214).
文摘Precipitable water vapor(PWV)is a key component of the Earth’s climate system,playing a vital role in weather,climate,and hydrological cycling.Passive microwave remote sensing offers a promising approach to measure all-sky PWV,though it remains challenging over land.Building on our previous development of a machine learning algorithm,we have created a global terrestrial PWV dataset using measurements from the MicroWave Radiation Imager(MWRI)aboard three FY-3 satellite series(FY-3B,FY-3C and FY-3D).The dataset spans from 2012 to 2020 at a spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25°.It was validated against SuomiNet GPS and IGRA2(Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive Version 2)PWV products,achieving root-mean-square errors(RMSEs)of 4.47 and 3.89 mm,respectively,with RMSE values ranging from 2.90 to 5.49 mm across diverse surface conditions.As an all-weather PWV product with high-precision,the MWRI PWV dataset addresses gaps in global passive microwave-based terrestrial PWV observations,offering significant value for atmospheric research,climate modeling,hydrological studies,and beyond.
