地球辐射带是近地空间高能带电粒子的聚集区域.由于辐射带中的高能粒子对在轨航天器和宇航员的安全构成严重威胁,深入理解辐射带粒子的时空动态演化过程显得至关重要.数据同化方法能够将卫星观测与数值模拟结果有机结合,实现对辐射带粒...地球辐射带是近地空间高能带电粒子的聚集区域.由于辐射带中的高能粒子对在轨航天器和宇航员的安全构成严重威胁,深入理解辐射带粒子的时空动态演化过程显得至关重要.数据同化方法能够将卫星观测与数值模拟结果有机结合,实现对辐射带粒子时空演化过程的重构.本文系统总结了近年来在地球辐射带电子数据同化建模方面的研究成果.首先,详细介绍了基于卡尔曼滤波方法的外辐射带电子三维数据同化模型(three-dimensional data assimilative model of outer radiation belt electrons,TDAMORE).依托TDAMORE模型,开展了基于Van Allen Probes、Arase和FY-4A等不同轨道类型卫星观测数据的辐射带电子同化建模研究.该同化模型充分发挥了卫星观测与数值模型的各自优势,成功重构了外辐射带区域(L=3~7)不同能量与投掷角电子的短期与长期动态演化过程及其对地磁活动的响应特征.基于同化结果,进一步开展了磁暴期间辐射带电子通量的预测研究,并对模型的预测性能进行了评估.最后,本文对辐射带同化模型的未来发展方向和潜在应用场景进行了探讨和展望.展开更多
交换不稳定性广泛存在于工程和自然界中,被认为是木星磁盘内径向物质输运的主要机制之一.本文基于理想磁流体力学理论,考虑了木星内磁层基本物理参数(Feng et al.,2025),获得了未考虑局域近似(扰动波长远小于特征长度)条件下的木星内磁...交换不稳定性广泛存在于工程和自然界中,被认为是木星磁盘内径向物质输运的主要机制之一.本文基于理想磁流体力学理论,考虑了木星内磁层基本物理参数(Feng et al.,2025),获得了未考虑局域近似(扰动波长远小于特征长度)条件下的木星内磁层交换不稳定性色散关系和不稳定判据;通过理论分析获得了木星内磁层交换不稳定性的主要增长模式与增长率.分析结果显示,在当前的参数条件下,在木卫一环内侧区域交换模式稳定;在木卫一环外侧存在交换模式不稳定区间,理论给出了不稳定性发生的空间位置.结果还表明,在木卫一环外侧的离心力与密度梯度共同驱动了交换不稳定性,而偶极磁场曲率与熵梯度对交换模式起致稳作用.当环向模数小于10时,交换不稳定性增长率随环向模数增大而增长;当环向模数大于10时,增长率趋于饱和.交换不稳定性增长率随径向模数增大而减小.理论分析获得的主导模式与数值模拟中增长率最大模式的环向模数(环向模数为m=13)接近.与文献Newcomb(1961)和Ferrière等(1999)的理论结果对比显示,本文推导获得的理论结果与Ferrière理论模型的不稳定区域基本一致,但是与Newcomb理论模型给出的木卫一外侧全区域不稳定的结果有差异.上述差异主要是因为Newcomb理论模型采用平板构型,未考虑弯曲磁场曲率制稳的影响.对比分析显示,理论结果获得的交换不稳定性主导模式(环向模数13)的增长率与Ferrière理论模型增长率接近,这说明局域近似理论能较好地描述木星内磁层交换不稳定性增长过程.与数值模拟结果相比,理论分析获得的主导模式增长率偏高约一个量级.展开更多
In this study,we analyze the impact of the May 2024 geomagnetic storm on the thermospheric mass density by using TianMu-1 constellation satellite(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM11,TM15)observations.These observations reveal intense...In this study,we analyze the impact of the May 2024 geomagnetic storm on the thermospheric mass density by using TianMu-1 constellation satellite(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM11,TM15)observations.These observations reveal intense large-scale traveling atmospheric disturbances(TADs)originating at high latitudes and propagating equatorward.Observations by TM02 captured the evolution of a TAD structure:An initial amplitude of~3.89×10^(-12)kg/m^(3)at hundred-kilometer scale subsequently intensified to 4.78×10^(-12)kg/m^(3),with the spatial extent expanding to the thousand-kilometer level.Significant hemispheric asymmetry was observed:the absolute density was higher predominantly in the northern hemisphere(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM11),whereas the difference in the relative density consistently showed greater enhancements in the southern hemisphere across all satellites,with the maximum north-south density differences exceeding 195%-640%above 60°latitude.In conjunction with SuperDARN(Super Dual Auroral Radar Network)observations,this striking hemispheric asymmetry can likely be attributed to disparities in plasma convection patterns between the two hemispheres.Furthermore,density perturbation characteristics exhibited strong local time(LT)dependence:Near noon(~10.7 LT,TM02 descending),the northern hemisphere onset preceded the southern onset.Conversely,near dusk(~17.6 LT,TM15 descending),the southern onset led the northern onset by approximately 3 hours.Ascending orbits(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM15)typically yielded larger global density enhancements compared with smaller southern-confined enhancements during descending orbits.Satellite TM11 showed comparable perturbations in both ascending and descending orbits.By leveraging its unique orbital architecture,the TianMu-1 constellation enables global near-simultaneous multi-LT sampling,providing a robust data foundation for both scientific research and engineering applications.展开更多
The Triple Ionosphere Photometer(TRIPM)is a scientific payload aboard the Fengyun-3E(FY-3E)satellite,which operates in a dawn−dusk orbit.It is primarily designed for nadir observations of airglow emissions at OI 135.6...The Triple Ionosphere Photometer(TRIPM)is a scientific payload aboard the Fengyun-3E(FY-3E)satellite,which operates in a dawn−dusk orbit.It is primarily designed for nadir observations of airglow emissions at OI 135.6 nm and N_(2)Lyman-Birge-Hopfield(LBH)bands.Due to the satellite’s dawn−dusk orbital characteristics,most of TRIPM’s field of view remains in a semi-illuminated condition.Therefore,compared with airglow data of the same bands acquired under purely daytime or nighttime conditions,applying TRIPM data poses greater challenges.This study presents the first attempt to use TRIPM data for retrieving solar extreme ultraviolet(EUV)flux.Our results demonstrate that by utilizing TRIPM data in regions where photoelectron excitation dominates as the primary radiation source,the solar EUV flux(denoted as Q_(EUV))can be retrieved.Comparisons with data from the SOHO/SEM instrument reveal excellent consistency,with a seasonal correlation coefficient(R)of at least 0.95.This work thus offers a new avenue for solar EUV flux acquisition and expands the application range of TRIPM data.展开更多
Auroral kilometric radiation(AKR),a fundamental plasma emission in Earth's magnetosphere,exhibits three characteristic modes:the right-handed extraordinary(R-X),left-handed ordinary(L-O)and left-handed extraordina...Auroral kilometric radiation(AKR),a fundamental plasma emission in Earth's magnetosphere,exhibits three characteristic modes:the right-handed extraordinary(R-X),left-handed ordinary(L-O)and left-handed extraordinary(L-X)modes.The role of AKR in magnetosphere−ionosphere−atmosphere coupling depends sensitively on its wave mode.While previous studies have primarily focused on the dominant R-X mode,we present the first systematic identification of all three modes using a practical polarization analysis method based on Arase satellite observations.This method employs a spin-axis-relative Ratio:when the satellite's spin axis aligns with the background magnetic field,a positive(negative)Ratio indicates the right-handed(left-handed)polarization,with reversal under anti-parallel conditions.Combined polarization-frequency analysis reveals that R-X,L-O,and L-X modes can exist in both dayside and nightside regions,with power spectral densities up to 10^(-6)mV^(2)m^(-2)Hz^(-1).This study resolves long-standing ambiguities in AKR mode classification and has implications for understanding AKR-induced electron dynamics.展开更多
文摘地球辐射带是近地空间高能带电粒子的聚集区域.由于辐射带中的高能粒子对在轨航天器和宇航员的安全构成严重威胁,深入理解辐射带粒子的时空动态演化过程显得至关重要.数据同化方法能够将卫星观测与数值模拟结果有机结合,实现对辐射带粒子时空演化过程的重构.本文系统总结了近年来在地球辐射带电子数据同化建模方面的研究成果.首先,详细介绍了基于卡尔曼滤波方法的外辐射带电子三维数据同化模型(three-dimensional data assimilative model of outer radiation belt electrons,TDAMORE).依托TDAMORE模型,开展了基于Van Allen Probes、Arase和FY-4A等不同轨道类型卫星观测数据的辐射带电子同化建模研究.该同化模型充分发挥了卫星观测与数值模型的各自优势,成功重构了外辐射带区域(L=3~7)不同能量与投掷角电子的短期与长期动态演化过程及其对地磁活动的响应特征.基于同化结果,进一步开展了磁暴期间辐射带电子通量的预测研究,并对模型的预测性能进行了评估.最后,本文对辐射带同化模型的未来发展方向和潜在应用场景进行了探讨和展望.
文摘交换不稳定性广泛存在于工程和自然界中,被认为是木星磁盘内径向物质输运的主要机制之一.本文基于理想磁流体力学理论,考虑了木星内磁层基本物理参数(Feng et al.,2025),获得了未考虑局域近似(扰动波长远小于特征长度)条件下的木星内磁层交换不稳定性色散关系和不稳定判据;通过理论分析获得了木星内磁层交换不稳定性的主要增长模式与增长率.分析结果显示,在当前的参数条件下,在木卫一环内侧区域交换模式稳定;在木卫一环外侧存在交换模式不稳定区间,理论给出了不稳定性发生的空间位置.结果还表明,在木卫一环外侧的离心力与密度梯度共同驱动了交换不稳定性,而偶极磁场曲率与熵梯度对交换模式起致稳作用.当环向模数小于10时,交换不稳定性增长率随环向模数增大而增长;当环向模数大于10时,增长率趋于饱和.交换不稳定性增长率随径向模数增大而减小.理论分析获得的主导模式与数值模拟中增长率最大模式的环向模数(环向模数为m=13)接近.与文献Newcomb(1961)和Ferrière等(1999)的理论结果对比显示,本文推导获得的理论结果与Ferrière理论模型的不稳定区域基本一致,但是与Newcomb理论模型给出的木卫一外侧全区域不稳定的结果有差异.上述差异主要是因为Newcomb理论模型采用平板构型,未考虑弯曲磁场曲率制稳的影响.对比分析显示,理论结果获得的交换不稳定性主导模式(环向模数13)的增长率与Ferrière理论模型增长率接近,这说明局域近似理论能较好地描述木星内磁层交换不稳定性增长过程.与数值模拟结果相比,理论分析获得的主导模式增长率偏高约一个量级.
基金the National Space Science Center (NSSC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for full support of this research workfunded by the Tian Mu-1 Constellation Atmospheric Density Detector (Grant No. E3C1162110)
文摘In this study,we analyze the impact of the May 2024 geomagnetic storm on the thermospheric mass density by using TianMu-1 constellation satellite(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM11,TM15)observations.These observations reveal intense large-scale traveling atmospheric disturbances(TADs)originating at high latitudes and propagating equatorward.Observations by TM02 captured the evolution of a TAD structure:An initial amplitude of~3.89×10^(-12)kg/m^(3)at hundred-kilometer scale subsequently intensified to 4.78×10^(-12)kg/m^(3),with the spatial extent expanding to the thousand-kilometer level.Significant hemispheric asymmetry was observed:the absolute density was higher predominantly in the northern hemisphere(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM11),whereas the difference in the relative density consistently showed greater enhancements in the southern hemisphere across all satellites,with the maximum north-south density differences exceeding 195%-640%above 60°latitude.In conjunction with SuperDARN(Super Dual Auroral Radar Network)observations,this striking hemispheric asymmetry can likely be attributed to disparities in plasma convection patterns between the two hemispheres.Furthermore,density perturbation characteristics exhibited strong local time(LT)dependence:Near noon(~10.7 LT,TM02 descending),the northern hemisphere onset preceded the southern onset.Conversely,near dusk(~17.6 LT,TM15 descending),the southern onset led the northern onset by approximately 3 hours.Ascending orbits(TM02,TM06,TM07,TM15)typically yielded larger global density enhancements compared with smaller southern-confined enhancements during descending orbits.Satellite TM11 showed comparable perturbations in both ascending and descending orbits.By leveraging its unique orbital architecture,the TianMu-1 constellation enables global near-simultaneous multi-LT sampling,providing a robust data foundation for both scientific research and engineering applications.
基金supported financially by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42174226,42474239)National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFF0503901)China Meteorological Administration‘Ionospheric Forecast and Alerting’Youth Innovation Team(CMA2024QN09).
文摘The Triple Ionosphere Photometer(TRIPM)is a scientific payload aboard the Fengyun-3E(FY-3E)satellite,which operates in a dawn−dusk orbit.It is primarily designed for nadir observations of airglow emissions at OI 135.6 nm and N_(2)Lyman-Birge-Hopfield(LBH)bands.Due to the satellite’s dawn−dusk orbital characteristics,most of TRIPM’s field of view remains in a semi-illuminated condition.Therefore,compared with airglow data of the same bands acquired under purely daytime or nighttime conditions,applying TRIPM data poses greater challenges.This study presents the first attempt to use TRIPM data for retrieving solar extreme ultraviolet(EUV)flux.Our results demonstrate that by utilizing TRIPM data in regions where photoelectron excitation dominates as the primary radiation source,the solar EUV flux(denoted as Q_(EUV))can be retrieved.Comparisons with data from the SOHO/SEM instrument reveal excellent consistency,with a seasonal correlation coefficient(R)of at least 0.95.This work thus offers a new avenue for solar EUV flux acquisition and expands the application range of TRIPM data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 42374215,42230209,42374199,42304183,42422406,42174185,72061147004 and 72342001)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File no.0042/2024/RIA1 and 0008/2024/AKP)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant 2023JJ20038)the Research Project of Science and Technology of Hunan Province(2025JJ10009,2022RC4025,2025QK1004,2023JJ50312,2023JJ50010 and 2024RC9012).
文摘Auroral kilometric radiation(AKR),a fundamental plasma emission in Earth's magnetosphere,exhibits three characteristic modes:the right-handed extraordinary(R-X),left-handed ordinary(L-O)and left-handed extraordinary(L-X)modes.The role of AKR in magnetosphere−ionosphere−atmosphere coupling depends sensitively on its wave mode.While previous studies have primarily focused on the dominant R-X mode,we present the first systematic identification of all three modes using a practical polarization analysis method based on Arase satellite observations.This method employs a spin-axis-relative Ratio:when the satellite's spin axis aligns with the background magnetic field,a positive(negative)Ratio indicates the right-handed(left-handed)polarization,with reversal under anti-parallel conditions.Combined polarization-frequency analysis reveals that R-X,L-O,and L-X modes can exist in both dayside and nightside regions,with power spectral densities up to 10^(-6)mV^(2)m^(-2)Hz^(-1).This study resolves long-standing ambiguities in AKR mode classification and has implications for understanding AKR-induced electron dynamics.
文摘利用全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)双频差分信号进行电离层电子含量反演是一种常用的电离层探测手段,但GNSS信号在强电磁干扰环境下,被淹没于电磁噪声中而无法被提取,影响电离层总电子含量(total electron content,TEC)反演系统的可靠性。采用传统调零抗干扰阵列天线方案能解决干扰源剥离的问题,但调零信号的天线相位中心不稳定导致高精度的相位平滑伪距和精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)算法无法收敛。针对强干扰环境下的电离层监测需求,本文提出一种抗干扰TEC数据反演手段,通过对阵列天线通道幅相一致性进行校正,保证相位中心的稳定性,从而推算出准确的电离层TEC信息,提高了系统的可靠性和抗干扰能力。
