中国空间站巡天望远镜(Chinese Space Survey Telescope,CSST)无缝光谱组件将安装在巡天模块主焦面探测器前面,用于开展大视场、宽波段的无缝光谱观测.无缝光谱组件作为巡天模块的重要色散元件,由24块光栅和12块滤光片拼接而成.光谱效...中国空间站巡天望远镜(Chinese Space Survey Telescope,CSST)无缝光谱组件将安装在巡天模块主焦面探测器前面,用于开展大视场、宽波段的无缝光谱观测.无缝光谱组件作为巡天模块的重要色散元件,由24块光栅和12块滤光片拼接而成.光谱效率是无缝光谱组件的重要技术指标之一,在研制过程中,需要对无缝光谱组件的光谱效率进行检测.由于无缝光谱组件外形包络较大,无法使用商业光谱效率测量设备进行检测.针对无缝光谱组件光谱效率测试的问题,首先介绍了实验室搭建的无缝光谱组件光谱效率检测装置的基本结构和测量原理,接着给出了无缝光谱组件鉴定件光谱效率测量的步骤和结果,最后利用误差合成理论分析并计算了测量结果的精度.测量和计算结果表明,无缝光谱组件鉴定件平均光谱效率分别为GU波段51.9%、GV波段67.9%、GI波段71.6%(其中900-1000 nm波段为67.7%),满足技术指标要求.展开更多
空间碎片高精度定轨、碰撞预警和清除等技术问题对高精度空间碎片测量数据提出了迫切需求。激光测距技术是目前精度最高的空间碎片观测手段,然而大部分空间碎片轨道预报精度差,降低了空间碎片测距的成功率。文中提出了一种基于时间偏差...空间碎片高精度定轨、碰撞预警和清除等技术问题对高精度空间碎片测量数据提出了迫切需求。激光测距技术是目前精度最高的空间碎片观测手段,然而大部分空间碎片轨道预报精度差,降低了空间碎片测距的成功率。文中提出了一种基于时间偏差修正的空间碎片轨道预报优化方法,旨在提高测距过程中对碎片的稳定跟踪能力,进而获得更多的观测数据。通过选取Starlette、Larets和Lares三颗精密定轨卫星,基于两行根数(Two Line Element,TLE)轨道时间偏差修正与SP3精密星历的对比验证了方法的有效性,三颗卫星的视位置偏差较初始值分别减少51.7%、76.0%和95.0%。进而提出把预报方位角俯仰角时间序列看作整体的时间偏差计算方法,实现了三颗卫星时间偏差的仿真计算。实验依托中国科学院云南天文台1.2 m望远镜实际跟踪TLE预报的大量空间碎片,从实验上分析文中提出方法的有效性。空间碎片观测实验结果为,方位角偏差的平均修正量为83.5%,俯仰角偏差的平均修正量为79.8%,时间偏差修正方法可大幅修正碎片预报位置偏差,该方法可为不可见空间碎片的跟踪提供技术支撑,提升激光测距系统全天时观测能力。展开更多
塞曼效应是目前测量太阳磁场最主要的方法,但使用塞曼效应观测存在两个问题:测量到的矢量磁场中,垂直于视线方向的磁场(横场)方向存在180°不确定性;同时,横场的测量精度也要比沿视线方向的磁场(纵场)低一个量级.可以通过在不同的...塞曼效应是目前测量太阳磁场最主要的方法,但使用塞曼效应观测存在两个问题:测量到的矢量磁场中,垂直于视线方向的磁场(横场)方向存在180°不确定性;同时,横场的测量精度也要比沿视线方向的磁场(纵场)低一个量级.可以通过在不同的视线方向立体观测磁场去除180°不确定性并且提高太阳磁场横场的测量精度.重点讨论联合日地L5点和日地连线方向的观测提高横场测量精度的问题,同时通过模型建构与数据定量分析,得出横场误差的减小量.通过球面三角公式,求得地球和L5点磁场的坐标关系,由标准偏差传递公式得到修正后的地球处的测量误差;统计日震和磁场成像仪(Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager,HMI)观测到的太阳磁场误差的数据分布,模拟出两幅符合太阳磁场分布的数据,分别作为地球和L5点的误差图;结合地球和L5点数据,得出地球横场误差的修正数据并与原始横场数据进行对比,发现可以使地球处观测的黄道面上的横场误差降低为原来的17%左右.展开更多
The BETA application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)is a fully programmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier(SiPM)channels,with a power consumption of approx...The BETA application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)is a fully programmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier(SiPM)channels,with a power consumption of approximately~1 mW/channel.Owing to its dual-path gain,the BETA chip is capable of resolving single photoelectrons(phes)with a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)>5 while simultaneously achieving a dynamic range of~4000 phes.Thus,BETA can provide a cost-effective solution for the readout of SiPMs in space missions and other applications with a maximum rate below 10 kHz.In this study,we describe the key characteristics of the BETA ASIC and present an evaluation of the performance of its 16-channel version,which is implemented using 130 nm technology.The ASIC also contains two discriminators that can provide trigger signals with a time jitter down to 400 ps FWHM for 10 phes.The linearity error of the charge gain measurement was less than 2%for a dynamic range as large as 15 bits.展开更多
The Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)marked China's first comprehensive solar mission in space.Drawing upon the previous reports covering 2018-2020 and 2020-2022,we present here an update on the ASO-S ...The Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)marked China's first comprehensive solar mission in space.Drawing upon the previous reports covering 2018-2020 and 2020-2022,we present here an update on the ASO-S made from 2022 to 2024.In August 2022,ASO-S completed its Phase D study and was successfully launched on October 9,2022.The commissioning phase was carried out and concluded within the first nine months following the launch.The data and associated analysis software have been opened to the community and the research on the early ASO-S data has been well developed.We anticipate also the achievements in data research pertaining to ASO-S in the near future.展开更多
文摘中国空间站巡天望远镜(Chinese Space Survey Telescope,CSST)无缝光谱组件将安装在巡天模块主焦面探测器前面,用于开展大视场、宽波段的无缝光谱观测.无缝光谱组件作为巡天模块的重要色散元件,由24块光栅和12块滤光片拼接而成.光谱效率是无缝光谱组件的重要技术指标之一,在研制过程中,需要对无缝光谱组件的光谱效率进行检测.由于无缝光谱组件外形包络较大,无法使用商业光谱效率测量设备进行检测.针对无缝光谱组件光谱效率测试的问题,首先介绍了实验室搭建的无缝光谱组件光谱效率检测装置的基本结构和测量原理,接着给出了无缝光谱组件鉴定件光谱效率测量的步骤和结果,最后利用误差合成理论分析并计算了测量结果的精度.测量和计算结果表明,无缝光谱组件鉴定件平均光谱效率分别为GU波段51.9%、GV波段67.9%、GI波段71.6%(其中900-1000 nm波段为67.7%),满足技术指标要求.
文摘空间碎片高精度定轨、碰撞预警和清除等技术问题对高精度空间碎片测量数据提出了迫切需求。激光测距技术是目前精度最高的空间碎片观测手段,然而大部分空间碎片轨道预报精度差,降低了空间碎片测距的成功率。文中提出了一种基于时间偏差修正的空间碎片轨道预报优化方法,旨在提高测距过程中对碎片的稳定跟踪能力,进而获得更多的观测数据。通过选取Starlette、Larets和Lares三颗精密定轨卫星,基于两行根数(Two Line Element,TLE)轨道时间偏差修正与SP3精密星历的对比验证了方法的有效性,三颗卫星的视位置偏差较初始值分别减少51.7%、76.0%和95.0%。进而提出把预报方位角俯仰角时间序列看作整体的时间偏差计算方法,实现了三颗卫星时间偏差的仿真计算。实验依托中国科学院云南天文台1.2 m望远镜实际跟踪TLE预报的大量空间碎片,从实验上分析文中提出方法的有效性。空间碎片观测实验结果为,方位角偏差的平均修正量为83.5%,俯仰角偏差的平均修正量为79.8%,时间偏差修正方法可大幅修正碎片预报位置偏差,该方法可为不可见空间碎片的跟踪提供技术支撑,提升激光测距系统全天时观测能力。
文摘塞曼效应是目前测量太阳磁场最主要的方法,但使用塞曼效应观测存在两个问题:测量到的矢量磁场中,垂直于视线方向的磁场(横场)方向存在180°不确定性;同时,横场的测量精度也要比沿视线方向的磁场(纵场)低一个量级.可以通过在不同的视线方向立体观测磁场去除180°不确定性并且提高太阳磁场横场的测量精度.重点讨论联合日地L5点和日地连线方向的观测提高横场测量精度的问题,同时通过模型建构与数据定量分析,得出横场误差的减小量.通过球面三角公式,求得地球和L5点磁场的坐标关系,由标准偏差传递公式得到修正后的地球处的测量误差;统计日震和磁场成像仪(Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager,HMI)观测到的太阳磁场误差的数据分布,模拟出两幅符合太阳磁场分布的数据,分别作为地球和L5点的误差图;结合地球和L5点数据,得出地球横场误差的修正数据并与原始横场数据进行对比,发现可以使地球处观测的黄道面上的横场误差降低为原来的17%左右.
基金support from Grant PID2020-116075GB-C21funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033+1 种基金by“ERDF A way of making Europe”under Grant PID2020-116075GB-C21They also acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the“Unit of Excellence Maria de Maeztu 2020-2023”award to the Institute of Cosmos Sciences(CEX2019-000918-M)。
文摘The BETA application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)is a fully programmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier(SiPM)channels,with a power consumption of approximately~1 mW/channel.Owing to its dual-path gain,the BETA chip is capable of resolving single photoelectrons(phes)with a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)>5 while simultaneously achieving a dynamic range of~4000 phes.Thus,BETA can provide a cost-effective solution for the readout of SiPMs in space missions and other applications with a maximum rate below 10 kHz.In this study,we describe the key characteristics of the BETA ASIC and present an evaluation of the performance of its 16-channel version,which is implemented using 130 nm technology.The ASIC also contains two discriminators that can provide trigger signals with a time jitter down to 400 ps FWHM for 10 phes.The linearity error of the charge gain measurement was less than 2%for a dynamic range as large as 15 bits.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0560000,XDA15320000)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022 YFF0503002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12233012,12333010,11921003)。
文摘The Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)marked China's first comprehensive solar mission in space.Drawing upon the previous reports covering 2018-2020 and 2020-2022,we present here an update on the ASO-S made from 2022 to 2024.In August 2022,ASO-S completed its Phase D study and was successfully launched on October 9,2022.The commissioning phase was carried out and concluded within the first nine months following the launch.The data and associated analysis software have been opened to the community and the research on the early ASO-S data has been well developed.We anticipate also the achievements in data research pertaining to ASO-S in the near future.
