本文首先回顾了空间红外天文观测的必要性以及前期发展情况,然后指出在近、中红外波段推动其进一步发展的两大科学主题是宇宙学研究和系外行星探测。接着介绍当前最重要的近、中红外空间天文任务——詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(James W...本文首先回顾了空间红外天文观测的必要性以及前期发展情况,然后指出在近、中红外波段推动其进一步发展的两大科学主题是宇宙学研究和系外行星探测。接着介绍当前最重要的近、中红外空间天文任务——詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(James Webb Space Telescope,JWST),例举了它的主要技术特点以及在这两大研究方向已取得的重要突破。以宇宙学参数巡天为主要科学目标的欧几里得(Euclid)空间望远镜和南希·格雷斯·罗曼空间望远镜(Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope,RST)拥有超大视场的拼接式近红外焦面,系外行星大气遥感红外大型巡天(Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey,ARIEL)望远镜则专用于获取系外行星的大气近、中红外光谱。另外还逐一论述了宇宙历史与再电离期分光光度计及冰探测器(Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe,Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer,SPHEREx),系外行星气候红外望远镜(EXoplanet Climate Infrared Telescope,EXCITE),Pandora,JASMINE,GaiaNIR以及NEO Surveyor等其它新近运行、研制中或有望立项的近、中红外空间天文任务(宜居世界天文台(Habitable Worlds Observatory,HWO)也将覆盖近红外波段)。最后指出,尽管远红外技术发展较慢,宇宙学与天体物理空间红外望远镜(Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics,SPICA)和Origins未能论证成功,但天体物理远红外探测任务(PRobe far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics,PRIMA)有望填补“远红外空白”。展开更多
2MASS(Two Micron All Sky Survey)以相当高的内部一致性和精确度在近红外波段对整个天空进行了巡天观测,并通过数据处理把原始数据转变为对天文学有用的图像、星等和位置的列表。较详细介绍了2MASS的科学意义、巡天成果、数据特征以及...2MASS(Two Micron All Sky Survey)以相当高的内部一致性和精确度在近红外波段对整个天空进行了巡天观测,并通过数据处理把原始数据转变为对天文学有用的图像、星等和位置的列表。较详细介绍了2MASS的科学意义、巡天成果、数据特征以及利用2MASS观测数据所开展的部分工作。展开更多
近中红外波段蕴含了丰富的天体物理信息,对研究低温恒星、星系演化以及太阳系小天体等具有重要意义。为克服地球大气吸收、散射和热噪声对地面红外观测的限制,空间红外巡天任务已成为不可或缺的观测手段。自首个全天红外巡天任务——红...近中红外波段蕴含了丰富的天体物理信息,对研究低温恒星、星系演化以及太阳系小天体等具有重要意义。为克服地球大气吸收、散射和热噪声对地面红外观测的限制,空间红外巡天任务已成为不可或缺的观测手段。自首个全天红外巡天任务——红外天文卫星(Infrared Astronomical Satellite,IRAS)以来,“光”(AKARI)卫星、广域红外巡天探测器(Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer,WISE)等任务通过大视场观测积累了海量数据,在褐矮星普查、活动星系核识别、小行星物理特性测量等领域取得了突破性进展。新发射的宇宙历史、再电离时代和冰探测器分光光度计(Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe,Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer,SPHEREx)望远镜将首次实现全天近红外光谱巡天,有望在宇宙大尺度结构、银河系和星系形成历史、星际冰分布以及太阳系小天体和系外行星系统等研究方面提供新的洞察。本文系统回顾了近中红外空间巡天的发展历程,重点分析了WISE与SPHEREx任务的科学目标、成就和技术特点,并展望了该领域的未来发展方向。展开更多
IRAS low-resolution spectra are presented for 36 HAEBE stars. It is found that silicate dust in amorphous or glassy form is common material in the circumstellar disks or/and shells of HAEBE stars. It is also found tha...IRAS low-resolution spectra are presented for 36 HAEBE stars. It is found that silicate dust in amorphous or glassy form is common material in the circumstellar disks or/and shells of HAEBE stars. It is also found that the PAH feature is often appeared as well.展开更多
The high-resolution absorption spectra of the （2,0）,（3,1）,and （8,5） bands of the A^2Π^u-X^2∑g^＋ system of ^15N2^＋ have been recorded by using velocity modulation spectroscopy technique in the near infrared r...The high-resolution absorption spectra of the （2,0）,（3,1）,and （8,5） bands of the A^2Π^u-X^2∑g^＋ system of ^15N2^＋ have been recorded by using velocity modulation spectroscopy technique in the near infrared region.The rotational constants of the X^2∑g^＋ and A^2Πu states of ^15N2^＋ were derived from the spectroscopic data.The isotope shifts of these bands of the A^2Πu-X^2∑g^＋ system of ^14N2^＋ and ^15N2^＋ were also analyzed and discussed.展开更多
We performed a multiwavelength study towards the infrared dark cloud （IRDC） G31.23＋0.05 with new CO observations from Purple Mountain Observatory and archival data （the GLIMPSE, MIPSGAL, HERSCHEL, ATLASGAL, BGPS a...We performed a multiwavelength study towards the infrared dark cloud （IRDC） G31.23＋0.05 with new CO observations from Purple Mountain Observatory and archival data （the GLIMPSE, MIPSGAL, HERSCHEL, ATLASGAL, BGPS and NVSS surveys）. From these observations, we iden- tified three IRDCs with systemic velocities of 108.36 ± 0.06 （cloud A）, 104.22 ± 0.11 （cloud B） and 75.73 ± 0.07 km s-1 （cloud C） in the line of sight towards IRDC G31.23. Analyses of the molecular and dust emission suggest that cloud A is a filamentary structure containing a young stellar object; clouds B and C both include a starless core. Clouds A and B are gravitationally bound and have a chance to form stars. In addition, the velocity information and the position-velocity diagram suggest that clouds A and B are adjacent in space and provide a clue hinting at a possible cloud-cloud collision. Additionally, the distribution of dust temperature shows a temperature bubble. The compact core in cloud A is associated with an UCHII region, an IRAS source, H20 masers, CH3OH masers and OH masers, suggesting that massive star formation is active there. We estimate the age of the HII region to be （0.03-0.09）Myr, indicating that the star inside is young.展开更多
文摘本文首先回顾了空间红外天文观测的必要性以及前期发展情况,然后指出在近、中红外波段推动其进一步发展的两大科学主题是宇宙学研究和系外行星探测。接着介绍当前最重要的近、中红外空间天文任务——詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(James Webb Space Telescope,JWST),例举了它的主要技术特点以及在这两大研究方向已取得的重要突破。以宇宙学参数巡天为主要科学目标的欧几里得(Euclid)空间望远镜和南希·格雷斯·罗曼空间望远镜(Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope,RST)拥有超大视场的拼接式近红外焦面,系外行星大气遥感红外大型巡天(Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey,ARIEL)望远镜则专用于获取系外行星的大气近、中红外光谱。另外还逐一论述了宇宙历史与再电离期分光光度计及冰探测器(Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe,Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer,SPHEREx),系外行星气候红外望远镜(EXoplanet Climate Infrared Telescope,EXCITE),Pandora,JASMINE,GaiaNIR以及NEO Surveyor等其它新近运行、研制中或有望立项的近、中红外空间天文任务(宜居世界天文台(Habitable Worlds Observatory,HWO)也将覆盖近红外波段)。最后指出,尽管远红外技术发展较慢,宇宙学与天体物理空间红外望远镜(Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics,SPICA)和Origins未能论证成功,但天体物理远红外探测任务(PRobe far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics,PRIMA)有望填补“远红外空白”。
文摘近中红外波段蕴含了丰富的天体物理信息,对研究低温恒星、星系演化以及太阳系小天体等具有重要意义。为克服地球大气吸收、散射和热噪声对地面红外观测的限制,空间红外巡天任务已成为不可或缺的观测手段。自首个全天红外巡天任务——红外天文卫星(Infrared Astronomical Satellite,IRAS)以来,“光”(AKARI)卫星、广域红外巡天探测器(Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer,WISE)等任务通过大视场观测积累了海量数据,在褐矮星普查、活动星系核识别、小行星物理特性测量等领域取得了突破性进展。新发射的宇宙历史、再电离时代和冰探测器分光光度计(Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe,Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer,SPHEREx)望远镜将首次实现全天近红外光谱巡天,有望在宇宙大尺度结构、银河系和星系形成历史、星际冰分布以及太阳系小天体和系外行星系统等研究方面提供新的洞察。本文系统回顾了近中红外空间巡天的发展历程,重点分析了WISE与SPHEREx任务的科学目标、成就和技术特点,并展望了该领域的未来发展方向。
文摘IRAS low-resolution spectra are presented for 36 HAEBE stars. It is found that silicate dust in amorphous or glassy form is common material in the circumstellar disks or/and shells of HAEBE stars. It is also found that the PAH feature is often appeared as well.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11674096)
文摘The high-resolution absorption spectra of the （2,0）,（3,1）,and （8,5） bands of the A^2Π^u-X^2∑g^＋ system of ^15N2^＋ have been recorded by using velocity modulation spectroscopy technique in the near infrared region.The rotational constants of the X^2∑g^＋ and A^2Πu states of ^15N2^＋ were derived from the spectroscopic data.The isotope shifts of these bands of the A^2Πu-X^2∑g^＋ system of ^14N2^＋ and ^15N2^＋ were also analyzed and discussed.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2015CB857100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11403052,11363004 and 11403042)
文摘We performed a multiwavelength study towards the infrared dark cloud （IRDC） G31.23＋0.05 with new CO observations from Purple Mountain Observatory and archival data （the GLIMPSE, MIPSGAL, HERSCHEL, ATLASGAL, BGPS and NVSS surveys）. From these observations, we iden- tified three IRDCs with systemic velocities of 108.36 ± 0.06 （cloud A）, 104.22 ± 0.11 （cloud B） and 75.73 ± 0.07 km s-1 （cloud C） in the line of sight towards IRDC G31.23. Analyses of the molecular and dust emission suggest that cloud A is a filamentary structure containing a young stellar object; clouds B and C both include a starless core. Clouds A and B are gravitationally bound and have a chance to form stars. In addition, the velocity information and the position-velocity diagram suggest that clouds A and B are adjacent in space and provide a clue hinting at a possible cloud-cloud collision. Additionally, the distribution of dust temperature shows a temperature bubble. The compact core in cloud A is associated with an UCHII region, an IRAS source, H20 masers, CH3OH masers and OH masers, suggesting that massive star formation is active there. We estimate the age of the HII region to be （0.03-0.09）Myr, indicating that the star inside is young.
