为提高泾阳茯茶蛋白降血脂肽(Jingyang fu tea protein hypolipidemic peptide,JFPHP)的稳定性,以明胶和阿拉伯胶作为壁材,JFPHP为芯材,采用复凝聚法制备JFPHP微胶囊.以包埋率为指标,在单因素实验基础上,采用响应面实验优化JFPHP微胶囊...为提高泾阳茯茶蛋白降血脂肽(Jingyang fu tea protein hypolipidemic peptide,JFPHP)的稳定性,以明胶和阿拉伯胶作为壁材,JFPHP为芯材,采用复凝聚法制备JFPHP微胶囊.以包埋率为指标,在单因素实验基础上,采用响应面实验优化JFPHP微胶囊制备工艺,通过氨基酸组成分析、扫描电镜、粒径分析、傅里叶红外光谱、热重分析和圆二色谱表征其性能.结果表明:复凝聚法制备JFPHP微胶囊最佳工艺条件为pH值4.10,壁材比(明胶/阿拉伯胶)为1∶1.2,壁芯比为1∶1.5,壁材浓度为1.1%,在此条件下包埋率为87.50%,负载率达77.64%.JFPHP微胶囊中含有16种氨基酸,包括31.01%的疏水性氨基酸和25.07%的酸性氨基酸,体积平均直径D_(4,3)为38.32μm,大小较均匀.冷冻干燥后的JFPHP微胶囊为不规则的块状结构,表面粗糙且有较多的孔洞,JFPHP与明胶和阿拉伯胶组成的壁材主要以物理吸附方式结合在一起,热稳定性较高.研究结果可为高稳定性的JFPHP微胶囊的制备以及JFPHP的高值化利用提供参考.展开更多
Peptides play important roles in chemistry,medicinal chemistry and life science,due to their high efficiency and specificity,unusual biological and therapeutic properties.As naturally occurring peptides often face wit...Peptides play important roles in chemistry,medicinal chemistry and life science,due to their high efficiency and specificity,unusual biological and therapeutic properties.As naturally occurring peptides often face with their intrinsic limitations including metabolic instability and low membrane permeability,the strategies for synthesizing unnatural amino acids and peptides are explored.Among the methods for modifying amino acids and peptides,chemo-and site-selective approaches are preferred because of the ability to fine-tuning structural features.Recently,transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation has been employed for the functionalization of amino acids and peptides.Through domino C–H activation/annulation,a series of structurally complex and diverse amino acids and peptides is constructed.This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of unnatural amino acids and peptides via transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation.展开更多
Non-naturalα-amino acids(α-AAs)are pivotal in drug and catalysis,yet their synthesis remains challenges.A photocatalytic strategy for the direct construction of N-heteroaryl-containingα-AAs from heteroaryl aldehyde...Non-naturalα-amino acids(α-AAs)are pivotal in drug and catalysis,yet their synthesis remains challenges.A photocatalytic strategy for the direct construction of N-heteroaryl-containingα-AAs from heteroaryl aldehydes via acyl radical intermediates is reported.This method exhibits exceptional functional group tolerance and enables late-stage diversification of peptides and carbonyl-group derivatization.Mechanistic studies confirm a radical-based pathway,while applications in peptide modification highlight its utility in bioorganic chemistry.展开更多
Peptide-based assemblies have gained increasing attention in different areas of nanotechnology,drug delivery and molecular biology.Among these,non-natural β-peptide scaffolds are particularly promising,as their progr...Peptide-based assemblies have gained increasing attention in different areas of nanotechnology,drug delivery and molecular biology.Among these,non-natural β-peptide scaffolds are particularly promising,as their programmable and diverse secondary structures,high metabolic stability and strong self-association propensity can be easily exploited to create variable constructs.We have recently demonstrated that heterochiral,acyclic β^(3)-peptides assembled into striped lamellar nanostructures that induced antibacterial activity.The process of this assembly formation could be exploited in diverse areas,however identifying oligomerisation stages,and more importantly,controlling the spontaneous process at different levels is still lacking.In this study,a set of analogues heterochiral hexameric β^(3)-peptide sequences was investigated to understand how systematic,small variations of the sequences,such as single point mutation or N-terminal chemical modification,can influence the resulting assemblies and allow the control of formed morphologies.TEM and cryo-EM combined with molecular dynamics simulation enabled the identification and differentiation of morphological stages throughout the entire multi-step process.Depending on the position of the sequence modifications,the self-assembled structures formed small oligomers,individual protofibrils,extended,flat lamellae,bundles and macroscopic clusters.These results outline how the self-assembly process of short heterochiral β-peptides can be qualitatively fine-tuned by sequence modifications,which contribute to understanding the general peptide assembly processes for their fibrillar morphologies.展开更多
为确定凝胶电泳后条带中DNA的长度和浓度,该文提出了一种通过DNA荧光强度精确分析DNA长度及浓度的有效方法。对D2000 DNA ladder进行凝胶电泳,采集图像并进行处理。利用荧光强度与DNA浓度之间的线性关系以及迁移距离与DNA长度的线性关...为确定凝胶电泳后条带中DNA的长度和浓度,该文提出了一种通过DNA荧光强度精确分析DNA长度及浓度的有效方法。对D2000 DNA ladder进行凝胶电泳,采集图像并进行处理。利用荧光强度与DNA浓度之间的线性关系以及迁移距离与DNA长度的线性关系进行数据分析。结果显示:采用SYBR Green I作为荧光染料电泳DNA时,图像中各像素点中的绿色与红色灰度值可以反映DNA的特征信息,且绿色灰度值明显高于红色灰度值;对于小于2000 bp的DNA片段,其分子量与迁移距离呈反比例函数关系,当二者分别取对数时,其相关系数达0.971,可用于建立DNA分子量与迁移距离的数学模型以计算DNA分子量;通过计算电泳峰峰值及电泳峰积分面积,发现对于浓度比为2∶1的两个DNA条带,二者的比值为2.16与1.96、2.11与1.94、2.16与1.93,表明电泳峰积分面积能更有效地反映DNA的真实浓度值。该研究对于核酸凝胶电泳仪的开发具有重要应用价值。展开更多
文摘为提高泾阳茯茶蛋白降血脂肽(Jingyang fu tea protein hypolipidemic peptide,JFPHP)的稳定性,以明胶和阿拉伯胶作为壁材,JFPHP为芯材,采用复凝聚法制备JFPHP微胶囊.以包埋率为指标,在单因素实验基础上,采用响应面实验优化JFPHP微胶囊制备工艺,通过氨基酸组成分析、扫描电镜、粒径分析、傅里叶红外光谱、热重分析和圆二色谱表征其性能.结果表明:复凝聚法制备JFPHP微胶囊最佳工艺条件为pH值4.10,壁材比(明胶/阿拉伯胶)为1∶1.2,壁芯比为1∶1.5,壁材浓度为1.1%,在此条件下包埋率为87.50%,负载率达77.64%.JFPHP微胶囊中含有16种氨基酸,包括31.01%的疏水性氨基酸和25.07%的酸性氨基酸,体积平均直径D_(4,3)为38.32μm,大小较均匀.冷冻干燥后的JFPHP微胶囊为不规则的块状结构,表面粗糙且有较多的孔洞,JFPHP与明胶和阿拉伯胶组成的壁材主要以物理吸附方式结合在一起,热稳定性较高.研究结果可为高稳定性的JFPHP微胶囊的制备以及JFPHP的高值化利用提供参考.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220409)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22401153)+2 种基金the FWO[Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders(Belgium)]for financial support(recipient Erik V.Van der Eycken)the Research Council of the KU Leuven(recipient Erik V.Van der Eycken)the support of the"RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program"(recipient Erik V.Van der Eycken).
文摘Peptides play important roles in chemistry,medicinal chemistry and life science,due to their high efficiency and specificity,unusual biological and therapeutic properties.As naturally occurring peptides often face with their intrinsic limitations including metabolic instability and low membrane permeability,the strategies for synthesizing unnatural amino acids and peptides are explored.Among the methods for modifying amino acids and peptides,chemo-and site-selective approaches are preferred because of the ability to fine-tuning structural features.Recently,transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation has been employed for the functionalization of amino acids and peptides.Through domino C–H activation/annulation,a series of structurally complex and diverse amino acids and peptides is constructed.This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of unnatural amino acids and peptides via transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation.
文摘Non-naturalα-amino acids(α-AAs)are pivotal in drug and catalysis,yet their synthesis remains challenges.A photocatalytic strategy for the direct construction of N-heteroaryl-containingα-AAs from heteroaryl aldehydes via acyl radical intermediates is reported.This method exhibits exceptional functional group tolerance and enables late-stage diversification of peptides and carbonyl-group derivatization.Mechanistic studies confirm a radical-based pathway,while applications in peptide modification highlight its utility in bioorganic chemistry.
基金funded by the National Research,Development and Inno-vation Office,Hungary(TKP2021-EGA-31,2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI-2020-00021,KKP_22 Project no.144180 and FK_23 Project no.146081).Support from Hungarian Research Network(Eötvös Loránd Research Network)grant no.SA-87/2021 and KEP-5/2021 are also acknowledged.Project no.RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00015+1 种基金supported by the European Union,Recovery and Resilience Facility.The János Bolyai Research Fellowship(A.W.)of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences is greatly acknowledged.The authors acknowledge CF CryoEM of CIISB,Instruct-CZ Centre,supported by Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports,Czech Republic(MEYS CR)(no.LM2023042)European Regional Development Fund-Project"UP CIISB"(n0.CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0015974).
文摘Peptide-based assemblies have gained increasing attention in different areas of nanotechnology,drug delivery and molecular biology.Among these,non-natural β-peptide scaffolds are particularly promising,as their programmable and diverse secondary structures,high metabolic stability and strong self-association propensity can be easily exploited to create variable constructs.We have recently demonstrated that heterochiral,acyclic β^(3)-peptides assembled into striped lamellar nanostructures that induced antibacterial activity.The process of this assembly formation could be exploited in diverse areas,however identifying oligomerisation stages,and more importantly,controlling the spontaneous process at different levels is still lacking.In this study,a set of analogues heterochiral hexameric β^(3)-peptide sequences was investigated to understand how systematic,small variations of the sequences,such as single point mutation or N-terminal chemical modification,can influence the resulting assemblies and allow the control of formed morphologies.TEM and cryo-EM combined with molecular dynamics simulation enabled the identification and differentiation of morphological stages throughout the entire multi-step process.Depending on the position of the sequence modifications,the self-assembled structures formed small oligomers,individual protofibrils,extended,flat lamellae,bundles and macroscopic clusters.These results outline how the self-assembly process of short heterochiral β-peptides can be qualitatively fine-tuned by sequence modifications,which contribute to understanding the general peptide assembly processes for their fibrillar morphologies.
文摘为确定凝胶电泳后条带中DNA的长度和浓度,该文提出了一种通过DNA荧光强度精确分析DNA长度及浓度的有效方法。对D2000 DNA ladder进行凝胶电泳,采集图像并进行处理。利用荧光强度与DNA浓度之间的线性关系以及迁移距离与DNA长度的线性关系进行数据分析。结果显示:采用SYBR Green I作为荧光染料电泳DNA时,图像中各像素点中的绿色与红色灰度值可以反映DNA的特征信息,且绿色灰度值明显高于红色灰度值;对于小于2000 bp的DNA片段,其分子量与迁移距离呈反比例函数关系,当二者分别取对数时,其相关系数达0.971,可用于建立DNA分子量与迁移距离的数学模型以计算DNA分子量;通过计算电泳峰峰值及电泳峰积分面积,发现对于浓度比为2∶1的两个DNA条带,二者的比值为2.16与1.96、2.11与1.94、2.16与1.93,表明电泳峰积分面积能更有效地反映DNA的真实浓度值。该研究对于核酸凝胶电泳仪的开发具有重要应用价值。
