Droplet-based microfluidics is a transformative technology with applications across diverse scientific and industrial domains.However,predicting the droplet size generated by individual microchannels before experiment...Droplet-based microfluidics is a transformative technology with applications across diverse scientific and industrial domains.However,predicting the droplet size generated by individual microchannels before experiments or simulations remains a significant challenge.In this study,we focus on a double T-junction microfluidic geometry and employ a hybrid modeling approach that combines machine learning with metaheuristic optimization to address this issue.Specifically,particle swarm optimization(PSO)is used to optimize the hyperparameters of a decision tree(DT)model,and its performance is compared with that of a DT optimized through grid search(GS).The hybrid models are developed to estimate the droplet diameter based on four parameters:the main width,side width,thickness,and flow rate ratio.The dataset of more than 300 cases,generated by a three-dimensional numerical model of the double T-junction,is used for training and testing.Multiple evaluation metrics confirm the predictive accuracy of the models.The results demonstrate that the proposed DT-PSO model achieves higher accuracy,with a coefficient of determination of 0.902 on the test data,while simultaneously reducing prediction time.This methodology holds the potential to minimize design iterations and accelerate the integration of microfluidic technology into the biological sciences.展开更多
Efficient thermal management in porous media is essential for advanced engineering applications,including solar energy systems,electronic cooling,and aerospace thermal control.This study presents a comprehensive analy...Efficient thermal management in porous media is essential for advanced engineering applications,including solar energy systems,electronic cooling,and aerospace thermal control.This study presents a comprehensive analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluids,TiO_(2)-CdTe-MoS_(2) dispersed in water,flowing over a vertical stretching or shrinking surface in a Darcy-Brinkman porous medium.The investigation accounts for the combined effects of magnetohydrodynamics,thermal radiation,viscous dissipation,and internal heat generation.In contrast to previous studies that predominantly focused on single or binary nanofluids,the present work systematically examines the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of ternary hybrid nanofluids,highlighting their enhanced heat transport capabilities in porous structures.The governing momentum and energy equations are formulated in nondimensional form and solved numerically using the shifted Legendre collocation method.The results show that increasing the magnetic parameter,M=0-4,suppresses the fluid velocity by up to 28%,while stronger thermal radiation,R=0-5,raises the near-surface temperature by approximately 32%.Viscous dissipation and internal heat generation further enhance the Nusselt number,indicating improved heat transfer performance.Overall,the findings demonstrate the synergistic influence of the three nanoparticles in optimizing flow behavior and thermal characteristics,offering valuable insights for the design of high-performance thermal management systems in energy and aerospace applications.展开更多
Thiswork explores aMagnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flowin a triangular cavitywith a thermally insulated baffle.Enclosure’s inclined wall is hotter,whereas the vertical border is adiabatic and the bottom is cooler.The study a...Thiswork explores aMagnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flowin a triangular cavitywith a thermally insulated baffle.Enclosure’s inclined wall is hotter,whereas the vertical border is adiabatic and the bottom is cooler.The study aims to clarify how geometric changes affect thermal performance and offers new perspectives on how to improve heat dissipation mechanisms.A COMSOL Multiphysics version 6.2 has been used to solve numerical solutions.Streamlines and thermal distributions are examined systematically in order to understand how the unique geometry and baffle size of triangular cavities can influence the fluid flow.This influence can result in optimized flow patterns,promoting efficient heat transfer by directing the fluid to specific areas that require more cooling.In comparison with conventional designs,this optimization results in more efficient convective heat transfer,which raises cooling efficiency and lowers thermal resistance.Furthermore,by strengthening heat transfer characteristics in heat transfer systems,these geometries increase thermal efficiency,which helps several sectors,including the production of electricity,HVAC,and the automobile industry.展开更多
在建立整车磁流变减振器（MRD）半主动悬架模型基础上,利用八板块方法设计了整车的变论域控制策略。基于重构的标准B级和C级路面激励信号,分别在10、20和30 m/s 3个车速下进行了整车在直线和转向行驶工况下的仿真研究。在完成试验车辆...在建立整车磁流变减振器（MRD）半主动悬架模型基础上,利用八板块方法设计了整车的变论域控制策略。基于重构的标准B级和C级路面激励信号,分别在10、20和30 m/s 3个车速下进行了整车在直线和转向行驶工况下的仿真研究。在完成试验车辆改装基础上,进行了大量台架和道路工况下的试验。仿真和试验结果显示,所设计的半主动悬架和控制策略可以有效地提高车辆行驶的平顺性,磁流变半主动悬架与被动悬架相比振动强度可降低9%~22%,结果表明所建立的模型和控制策略是可行的。展开更多
为了更好地研究直流电弧等离子体炬内的流动与传热,根据磁流体动力学(MHD)理论建立了等离子体电弧区的数学物理模型,采用磁矢量势A的方法来计算磁感应强度B的大小,利用通用软件FLUENT并进行二次开发,采用用户自定义函数(user defined fu...为了更好地研究直流电弧等离子体炬内的流动与传热,根据磁流体动力学(MHD)理论建立了等离子体电弧区的数学物理模型,采用磁矢量势A的方法来计算磁感应强度B的大小,利用通用软件FLUENT并进行二次开发,采用用户自定义函数(user defined function,UDF)加入磁流体动力学方程组中的源项和物性参数,并利用用户自定义标量方程(user defined scalar,UDS)的方法加入Maxwell方程组,采用SIMPLE算法对电弧区域进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明:等离子体炬内的弧电压随着气体质量流量的增加而增加;等离子体炬内的温度随着气体质量流量的增加而减小,而速度随着气体质量流量的增加而增加;出口处的温度和速度随径向距离的增加而减小,但温度减小的速率增加。这一结果可为实验提供理论指导和参考。展开更多
文摘Droplet-based microfluidics is a transformative technology with applications across diverse scientific and industrial domains.However,predicting the droplet size generated by individual microchannels before experiments or simulations remains a significant challenge.In this study,we focus on a double T-junction microfluidic geometry and employ a hybrid modeling approach that combines machine learning with metaheuristic optimization to address this issue.Specifically,particle swarm optimization(PSO)is used to optimize the hyperparameters of a decision tree(DT)model,and its performance is compared with that of a DT optimized through grid search(GS).The hybrid models are developed to estimate the droplet diameter based on four parameters:the main width,side width,thickness,and flow rate ratio.The dataset of more than 300 cases,generated by a three-dimensional numerical model of the double T-junction,is used for training and testing.Multiple evaluation metrics confirm the predictive accuracy of the models.The results demonstrate that the proposed DT-PSO model achieves higher accuracy,with a coefficient of determination of 0.902 on the test data,while simultaneously reducing prediction time.This methodology holds the potential to minimize design iterations and accelerate the integration of microfluidic technology into the biological sciences.
文摘Efficient thermal management in porous media is essential for advanced engineering applications,including solar energy systems,electronic cooling,and aerospace thermal control.This study presents a comprehensive analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluids,TiO_(2)-CdTe-MoS_(2) dispersed in water,flowing over a vertical stretching or shrinking surface in a Darcy-Brinkman porous medium.The investigation accounts for the combined effects of magnetohydrodynamics,thermal radiation,viscous dissipation,and internal heat generation.In contrast to previous studies that predominantly focused on single or binary nanofluids,the present work systematically examines the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of ternary hybrid nanofluids,highlighting their enhanced heat transport capabilities in porous structures.The governing momentum and energy equations are formulated in nondimensional form and solved numerically using the shifted Legendre collocation method.The results show that increasing the magnetic parameter,M=0-4,suppresses the fluid velocity by up to 28%,while stronger thermal radiation,R=0-5,raises the near-surface temperature by approximately 32%.Viscous dissipation and internal heat generation further enhance the Nusselt number,indicating improved heat transfer performance.Overall,the findings demonstrate the synergistic influence of the three nanoparticles in optimizing flow behavior and thermal characteristics,offering valuable insights for the design of high-performance thermal management systems in energy and aerospace applications.
文摘Thiswork explores aMagnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flowin a triangular cavitywith a thermally insulated baffle.Enclosure’s inclined wall is hotter,whereas the vertical border is adiabatic and the bottom is cooler.The study aims to clarify how geometric changes affect thermal performance and offers new perspectives on how to improve heat dissipation mechanisms.A COMSOL Multiphysics version 6.2 has been used to solve numerical solutions.Streamlines and thermal distributions are examined systematically in order to understand how the unique geometry and baffle size of triangular cavities can influence the fluid flow.This influence can result in optimized flow patterns,promoting efficient heat transfer by directing the fluid to specific areas that require more cooling.In comparison with conventional designs,this optimization results in more efficient convective heat transfer,which raises cooling efficiency and lowers thermal resistance.Furthermore,by strengthening heat transfer characteristics in heat transfer systems,these geometries increase thermal efficiency,which helps several sectors,including the production of electricity,HVAC,and the automobile industry.
文摘在建立整车磁流变减振器（MRD）半主动悬架模型基础上,利用八板块方法设计了整车的变论域控制策略。基于重构的标准B级和C级路面激励信号,分别在10、20和30 m/s 3个车速下进行了整车在直线和转向行驶工况下的仿真研究。在完成试验车辆改装基础上,进行了大量台架和道路工况下的试验。仿真和试验结果显示,所设计的半主动悬架和控制策略可以有效地提高车辆行驶的平顺性,磁流变半主动悬架与被动悬架相比振动强度可降低9%~22%,结果表明所建立的模型和控制策略是可行的。
文摘为了更好地研究直流电弧等离子体炬内的流动与传热,根据磁流体动力学(MHD)理论建立了等离子体电弧区的数学物理模型,采用磁矢量势A的方法来计算磁感应强度B的大小,利用通用软件FLUENT并进行二次开发,采用用户自定义函数(user defined function,UDF)加入磁流体动力学方程组中的源项和物性参数,并利用用户自定义标量方程(user defined scalar,UDS)的方法加入Maxwell方程组,采用SIMPLE算法对电弧区域进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明:等离子体炬内的弧电压随着气体质量流量的增加而增加;等离子体炬内的温度随着气体质量流量的增加而减小,而速度随着气体质量流量的增加而增加;出口处的温度和速度随径向距离的增加而减小,但温度减小的速率增加。这一结果可为实验提供理论指导和参考。
