In the present study,we concentrate on finding the dual solutions of biomagnetic fluid namely blood flow and heat transfer along with magnetic particles over a two dimensional shrinking cylinder in the presence of a m...In the present study,we concentrate on finding the dual solutions of biomagnetic fluid namely blood flow and heat transfer along with magnetic particles over a two dimensional shrinking cylinder in the presence of a magnetic dipole.To make the results physically realistic,stability analysis is also carried out in this study so that we realized which solution is stable and which is not.The governing partial equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations and the numerical solution is calculated by applying bvp4c function technique in MATLAB software.The effects of different physical parameters are plotted graphically and discussed according to the outcomes of results.From the present study we observe that ferromagnetic interaction parameter had a great influenced on fluid velocity and temperature distributions.It is also found from the current analysis that the first and second solutions of shrinking cylinder obtained only when we applied particular ranges values of suction parameter.The most important characteristics part of study is to analyze the skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer which also covered in this analysis.It reveals that both skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer are reduced with rising values of ferromagnetic number.A comparison has also been made to make the solution feasible.展开更多
This work investigates water-based micropolar hybrid nanofluid(MHNF) flow on an elongating variable porous sheet.Nanoparticles of diamond and copper have been used in the water to boost its thermal conductivity. The m...This work investigates water-based micropolar hybrid nanofluid(MHNF) flow on an elongating variable porous sheet.Nanoparticles of diamond and copper have been used in the water to boost its thermal conductivity. The motion of the fluid is taken as two-dimensional with the impact of a magnetic field in the normal direction. The variable, permeable, and stretching nature of sheet's surface sets the fluid into motion. Thermal and mass diffusions are controlled through the use of the Cattaneo–Christov flux model. A dataset is generated using MATLAB bvp4c package solver and employed to train an artificial neural network(ANN) based on the Levenberg–Marquardt back-propagation(LMBP) algorithm. It has been observed as an outcome of this study that the modeled problem achieves peak performance at epochs 637, 112, 4848, and 344 using ANN-LMBP. The linear velocity of the fluid weakens with progression in variable porous and magnetic factors.With an augmentation in magnetic factor, the micro-rotational velocity profiles are augmented on the domain 0 ≤ η < 1.5 due to the support of micro-rotations by Lorentz forces close to the sheet's surface, while they are suppressed on the domain 1.5 ≤ η < 6.0 due to opposing micro-rotations away from the sheet's surface. Thermal distributions are augmented with an upsurge in thermophoresis, Brownian motion, magnetic, and radiation factors, while they are suppressed with an upsurge in thermal relaxation parameter. Concentration profiles increase with an expansion in thermophoresis factor and are suppressed with an intensification of Brownian motion factor and solute relaxation factor. The absolute errors(AEs) are evaluated for all the four scenarios that fall within the range 10^(-3)–10^(-8) and are associated with the corresponding ANN configuration that demonstrates a fine degree of accuracy.展开更多
This article explores the optimization of heat transport in a magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow with mixedMarangoni convection by using the Response SurfaceMethodology.The convective flow is studied with external mag...This article explores the optimization of heat transport in a magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow with mixedMarangoni convection by using the Response SurfaceMethodology.The convective flow is studied with external magnetism,radiative heat flux,and buoyancy.An internal heat absorption through the permeable surface is also taken into account.The governing system includes the continuity equation,Navier-Stokes momentum equation,and the conservation of energy equations,approximated by the Prandtl boundary layer theory.The entropy generation in the thermodynamic system is evaluated.Experimental data(Corcione models)is used to model the single-phase aluminawater nanofluid.The numerical solution for the highly nonlinear differential systemis obtained via Ralston’s algorithm.It is observed that the applied magnetic field leads to a higher entropy generation which is engendered by the Lorentz force within the fluid system.The thermal radiation leads to a higher Bejan number,indicating the importance of the irreversibility of heat transport.Also,the heat absorption process via a permeable surface can be employed to regulate the thermal field.An optimizedNusselt number of 13.4 is obtained at the high levels of radiation,injection,and heat sink parameters.The modeled fluid flow scenario is often seen in drying,coating,and heat exchange processes,especially in microgravity environments.展开更多
In this study,an analytical investigation is carried out to assess the impact of magnetic field-dependent(MFD)viscosity on the momentum and heat transfers inside the boundary layer of a Jeffrey fluid flowing over a ho...In this study,an analytical investigation is carried out to assess the impact of magnetic field-dependent(MFD)viscosity on the momentum and heat transfers inside the boundary layer of a Jeffrey fluid flowing over a horizontally elongating sheet,while taking into account the effects of ohmic dissipation.By applying similarity transformations,the original nonlinear governing equations with partial derivatives are transformed into ordinary differential equations.Analytical expressions for the momentum and energy equations are derived,incorporating the influence of MFD viscosity on the Jeffrey fluid.Then the impact of different parameters is assessed,including magnetic viscosity,magnetic interaction,retardation time,Deborah number,and Eckert number,on the velocity and temperature profiles in the boundary layer.The findings reveal that an increase in magnetic viscosity leads to a decrease in the local Nusselt number,thereby impairing heat transfer.Moreover,a higher retardation time enhances the local Nusselt number by thinning the momentum and thermal boundary layers,while a higher Deborah number decreases the local Nusselt number due to the reduction in fluid viscosity.展开更多
The unsteady magnetohydrodynamical(MHD)free convection flow of an incompressible,electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid within a vertical cylindrical geometry is investigated,incorporating the effects of thermal rad...The unsteady magnetohydrodynamical(MHD)free convection flow of an incompressible,electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid within a vertical cylindrical geometry is investigated,incorporating the effects of thermal radiation,viscous dissipation,and internal heat generation.The system is subjected to a time-periodic boundary temperature condition.The Laplace and finite Hankel transforms are used to derive the exact solutions for the velocity and temperature distributions.The effects of various key physical parameters,including the Richardson number,the Eckert number,the radiation parameter,the heat source parameter,and the nanoparticle volume fraction,are considered.The numerical results reveal that increasing the volume fraction significantly enhances the thermal conductivity and temperature,while the magnetic field intensity and viscous dissipation strongly influence the fluid motion and heat transport.Additionally,the pulsating boundary conditions produce distinct oscillatory behaviors in both the velocity and temperature fields.These findings provide important insights into optimizing the heat transfer performance in cylindrical systems such as electronic cooling modules and energy storage devices operating under dynamic thermal conditions.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)direct numerical simulations on the dynamics of three identical ferrofluid droplets suspended in a non-magnetic ambient fluid under a rotating uniform magnetic field are conducted,and the motion and...Two-dimensional(2D)direct numerical simulations on the dynamics of three identical ferrofluid droplets suspended in a non-magnetic ambient fluid under a rotating uniform magnetic field are conducted,and the motion and deformation of the three ferrofluid droplets are studied in this paper.Results show that there are four modes(i.e.,the three droplets'direct coalescence(TC),the coalescence of two droplets and the subsequent planetary motion with the third droplet(CAP),the three droplets'planetary motion(TP),and the independent spin(IS))for the three ferrofluid droplets,dependent on the magnetic Bond number(Bom)and the initial distance(d0)between two of the droplets.It is found that the decrease in d0and the increase in Bomcan make the droplets'mode change from the IS to the planetary motion,and then turn to the CAP.Furthermore,reducing Bomor d0is helpful for the droplets to become merged.展开更多
Direct numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the evolution process of liquid metal laminar to turbulent flow in a rectangular duct under the influence of a non-uniform magnetic field.The Reynolds nu...Direct numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the evolution process of liquid metal laminar to turbulent flow in a rectangular duct under the influence of a non-uniform magnetic field.The Reynolds number is Re=6299,and the inlet Hartmann number is Ha=2900,with the magnetic field strength decreasing along the flow direction.The results indicate that the dynamic reversal of the three-dimensional(3D)Lorentz force direction near the inflection point of the magnetic field dominates the flow reconstruction,driving the wall jet acceleration and forming an M-type velocity distribution.Moreover,the high-speed shear layer of the jet triggers Kelvin-Helmholtz instability,resulting in the generation of secondary vortex structures near the parallel layer in the non-uniform magnetic field region.In the cross-section perpendicular to the flow direction,the secondary flow gradually evolves into a four-vortex structure,while the velocity fluctuations and turbulent kinetic energy reach the peak.Based on the characteristics of the vortex rotation direction near the shear layer,the intrinsic mechanism behind the unique bimodal distribution of the root-mean-square of velocity fluctuations in the parallel layers is revealed.Furthermore,by comparing the evolution of turbulence under different magnetic field gradients,it is revealed that the distributions of shear stress,Reynolds stress,and turbulent kinetic energy exhibit significant parameter dependence.The strong 3D magnetohydrodynamic effects at the magnetic field gradientγ=0.6 have an immediate impact on the pressure distribution.The transverse Lorentz force LFz further promotes the fluid to accumulate at the wall,leading to a significant increase in the pressure drop and transverse pressure difference in the flow.展开更多
主要研究纳米流体在压力梯度和外加电场作用下通过多孔管道的流动特性。首先,在Debye-Hückel近似下利用Poisson-Boltzmann方程求解电势场的分布。其次,利用物理相关的边界条件,求解动量方程得到纳米流体的速度的解析解。此外通过...主要研究纳米流体在压力梯度和外加电场作用下通过多孔管道的流动特性。首先,在Debye-Hückel近似下利用Poisson-Boltzmann方程求解电势场的分布。其次,利用物理相关的边界条件,求解动量方程得到纳米流体的速度的解析解。此外通过计算还得到了通道中纳米流体的流动电势和电动能量转换(Electrokinetic energy conversion,EKEC)效率的解析解。进一步用图像分析了流速、流动电势、EKEC效率和体积流率随偶应力参数、达西数、纳米颗粒体积分数和无量纲压力梯度参数变化的变化规律。展开更多
本文采用CTU(corner transport upwind)+CT(constrained transport)算法求解理想可压缩磁流体动力学(magneto-hydro-dynamic,MHD)方程,仿真研究了不同方向磁场控制下高斯分布轻质气柱界面受平面冲击波扰动后的演化过程,揭示了磁场方向...本文采用CTU(corner transport upwind)+CT(constrained transport)算法求解理想可压缩磁流体动力学(magneto-hydro-dynamic,MHD)方程,仿真研究了不同方向磁场控制下高斯分布轻质气柱界面受平面冲击波扰动后的演化过程,揭示了磁场方向对界面不稳定性的影响机理.仿真结果探讨了有/无磁场作用下流场特性与波系结构的发展,对比分析了磁场方向对气柱的长度、高度、射流宽度和体积压缩率的影响,并结合流场上半区环量、能量分量、速度和磁场力分布,多角度分析了磁场方向对界面不稳定性的影响机理.结果表明,磁压力推动涡量远离界面,降低了涡量在密度界面上的沉积而附着在分裂后的涡层上,从而有效抑制Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性对界面的影响;由于磁张力附着在被分离的涡层上,且其作用方向与界面因速度剪切而卷起涡的方向相反,因此抑制了界面因Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性而形成涡串.另外,纵向磁场控制下的磁张力反作用于中轴射流方向,同样抑制了Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性的发展.展开更多
We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked sheet.With the use of partial differential equations and the correspon...We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked sheet.With the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is illustrated.The resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity transformations.The transformed differential equations are solved analytically.Impacts of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted graphically.The skin friction and Nusselt number were also evaluated.In addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching one.Further,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O nanofluid.Furthermore,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.展开更多
文摘In the present study,we concentrate on finding the dual solutions of biomagnetic fluid namely blood flow and heat transfer along with magnetic particles over a two dimensional shrinking cylinder in the presence of a magnetic dipole.To make the results physically realistic,stability analysis is also carried out in this study so that we realized which solution is stable and which is not.The governing partial equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations and the numerical solution is calculated by applying bvp4c function technique in MATLAB software.The effects of different physical parameters are plotted graphically and discussed according to the outcomes of results.From the present study we observe that ferromagnetic interaction parameter had a great influenced on fluid velocity and temperature distributions.It is also found from the current analysis that the first and second solutions of shrinking cylinder obtained only when we applied particular ranges values of suction parameter.The most important characteristics part of study is to analyze the skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer which also covered in this analysis.It reveals that both skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer are reduced with rising values of ferromagnetic number.A comparison has also been made to make the solution feasible.
基金the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through large Research Group Project (Grant No. RGP2/198/45)Project supported by Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (Grant No. PSAU/2025/R/1446)。
文摘This work investigates water-based micropolar hybrid nanofluid(MHNF) flow on an elongating variable porous sheet.Nanoparticles of diamond and copper have been used in the water to boost its thermal conductivity. The motion of the fluid is taken as two-dimensional with the impact of a magnetic field in the normal direction. The variable, permeable, and stretching nature of sheet's surface sets the fluid into motion. Thermal and mass diffusions are controlled through the use of the Cattaneo–Christov flux model. A dataset is generated using MATLAB bvp4c package solver and employed to train an artificial neural network(ANN) based on the Levenberg–Marquardt back-propagation(LMBP) algorithm. It has been observed as an outcome of this study that the modeled problem achieves peak performance at epochs 637, 112, 4848, and 344 using ANN-LMBP. The linear velocity of the fluid weakens with progression in variable porous and magnetic factors.With an augmentation in magnetic factor, the micro-rotational velocity profiles are augmented on the domain 0 ≤ η < 1.5 due to the support of micro-rotations by Lorentz forces close to the sheet's surface, while they are suppressed on the domain 1.5 ≤ η < 6.0 due to opposing micro-rotations away from the sheet's surface. Thermal distributions are augmented with an upsurge in thermophoresis, Brownian motion, magnetic, and radiation factors, while they are suppressed with an upsurge in thermal relaxation parameter. Concentration profiles increase with an expansion in thermophoresis factor and are suppressed with an intensification of Brownian motion factor and solute relaxation factor. The absolute errors(AEs) are evaluated for all the four scenarios that fall within the range 10^(-3)–10^(-8) and are associated with the corresponding ANN configuration that demonstrates a fine degree of accuracy.
文摘This article explores the optimization of heat transport in a magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow with mixedMarangoni convection by using the Response SurfaceMethodology.The convective flow is studied with external magnetism,radiative heat flux,and buoyancy.An internal heat absorption through the permeable surface is also taken into account.The governing system includes the continuity equation,Navier-Stokes momentum equation,and the conservation of energy equations,approximated by the Prandtl boundary layer theory.The entropy generation in the thermodynamic system is evaluated.Experimental data(Corcione models)is used to model the single-phase aluminawater nanofluid.The numerical solution for the highly nonlinear differential systemis obtained via Ralston’s algorithm.It is observed that the applied magnetic field leads to a higher entropy generation which is engendered by the Lorentz force within the fluid system.The thermal radiation leads to a higher Bejan number,indicating the importance of the irreversibility of heat transport.Also,the heat absorption process via a permeable surface can be employed to regulate the thermal field.An optimizedNusselt number of 13.4 is obtained at the high levels of radiation,injection,and heat sink parameters.The modeled fluid flow scenario is often seen in drying,coating,and heat exchange processes,especially in microgravity environments.
基金supported by the United Arab Emirates University,Al Ain,United Arab Emirates,under Grant No.12R283.
文摘In this study,an analytical investigation is carried out to assess the impact of magnetic field-dependent(MFD)viscosity on the momentum and heat transfers inside the boundary layer of a Jeffrey fluid flowing over a horizontally elongating sheet,while taking into account the effects of ohmic dissipation.By applying similarity transformations,the original nonlinear governing equations with partial derivatives are transformed into ordinary differential equations.Analytical expressions for the momentum and energy equations are derived,incorporating the influence of MFD viscosity on the Jeffrey fluid.Then the impact of different parameters is assessed,including magnetic viscosity,magnetic interaction,retardation time,Deborah number,and Eckert number,on the velocity and temperature profiles in the boundary layer.The findings reveal that an increase in magnetic viscosity leads to a decrease in the local Nusselt number,thereby impairing heat transfer.Moreover,a higher retardation time enhances the local Nusselt number by thinning the momentum and thermal boundary layers,while a higher Deborah number decreases the local Nusselt number due to the reduction in fluid viscosity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12250410244)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent of China(No.2023ZB884)+2 种基金the Foreign Expert Project funding of China(No.WGXZ2023017L)the Shuang-Chuang(SC)Doctor Program of Jiangsu Provincethe Longshan Scholar Program of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology。
文摘The unsteady magnetohydrodynamical(MHD)free convection flow of an incompressible,electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid within a vertical cylindrical geometry is investigated,incorporating the effects of thermal radiation,viscous dissipation,and internal heat generation.The system is subjected to a time-periodic boundary temperature condition.The Laplace and finite Hankel transforms are used to derive the exact solutions for the velocity and temperature distributions.The effects of various key physical parameters,including the Richardson number,the Eckert number,the radiation parameter,the heat source parameter,and the nanoparticle volume fraction,are considered.The numerical results reveal that increasing the volume fraction significantly enhances the thermal conductivity and temperature,while the magnetic field intensity and viscous dissipation strongly influence the fluid motion and heat transport.Additionally,the pulsating boundary conditions produce distinct oscillatory behaviors in both the velocity and temperature fields.These findings provide important insights into optimizing the heat transfer performance in cylindrical systems such as electronic cooling modules and energy storage devices operating under dynamic thermal conditions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372263)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)direct numerical simulations on the dynamics of three identical ferrofluid droplets suspended in a non-magnetic ambient fluid under a rotating uniform magnetic field are conducted,and the motion and deformation of the three ferrofluid droplets are studied in this paper.Results show that there are four modes(i.e.,the three droplets'direct coalescence(TC),the coalescence of two droplets and the subsequent planetary motion with the third droplet(CAP),the three droplets'planetary motion(TP),and the independent spin(IS))for the three ferrofluid droplets,dependent on the magnetic Bond number(Bom)and the initial distance(d0)between two of the droplets.It is found that the decrease in d0and the increase in Bomcan make the droplets'mode change from the IS to the planetary motion,and then turn to the CAP.Furthermore,reducing Bomor d0is helpful for the droplets to become merged.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-087)and the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1204100)。
文摘Direct numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the evolution process of liquid metal laminar to turbulent flow in a rectangular duct under the influence of a non-uniform magnetic field.The Reynolds number is Re=6299,and the inlet Hartmann number is Ha=2900,with the magnetic field strength decreasing along the flow direction.The results indicate that the dynamic reversal of the three-dimensional(3D)Lorentz force direction near the inflection point of the magnetic field dominates the flow reconstruction,driving the wall jet acceleration and forming an M-type velocity distribution.Moreover,the high-speed shear layer of the jet triggers Kelvin-Helmholtz instability,resulting in the generation of secondary vortex structures near the parallel layer in the non-uniform magnetic field region.In the cross-section perpendicular to the flow direction,the secondary flow gradually evolves into a four-vortex structure,while the velocity fluctuations and turbulent kinetic energy reach the peak.Based on the characteristics of the vortex rotation direction near the shear layer,the intrinsic mechanism behind the unique bimodal distribution of the root-mean-square of velocity fluctuations in the parallel layers is revealed.Furthermore,by comparing the evolution of turbulence under different magnetic field gradients,it is revealed that the distributions of shear stress,Reynolds stress,and turbulent kinetic energy exhibit significant parameter dependence.The strong 3D magnetohydrodynamic effects at the magnetic field gradientγ=0.6 have an immediate impact on the pressure distribution.The transverse Lorentz force LFz further promotes the fluid to accumulate at the wall,leading to a significant increase in the pressure drop and transverse pressure difference in the flow.
文摘主要研究纳米流体在压力梯度和外加电场作用下通过多孔管道的流动特性。首先,在Debye-Hückel近似下利用Poisson-Boltzmann方程求解电势场的分布。其次,利用物理相关的边界条件,求解动量方程得到纳米流体的速度的解析解。此外通过计算还得到了通道中纳米流体的流动电势和电动能量转换(Electrokinetic energy conversion,EKEC)效率的解析解。进一步用图像分析了流速、流动电势、EKEC效率和体积流率随偶应力参数、达西数、纳米颗粒体积分数和无量纲压力梯度参数变化的变化规律。
文摘本文采用CTU(corner transport upwind)+CT(constrained transport)算法求解理想可压缩磁流体动力学(magneto-hydro-dynamic,MHD)方程,仿真研究了不同方向磁场控制下高斯分布轻质气柱界面受平面冲击波扰动后的演化过程,揭示了磁场方向对界面不稳定性的影响机理.仿真结果探讨了有/无磁场作用下流场特性与波系结构的发展,对比分析了磁场方向对气柱的长度、高度、射流宽度和体积压缩率的影响,并结合流场上半区环量、能量分量、速度和磁场力分布,多角度分析了磁场方向对界面不稳定性的影响机理.结果表明,磁压力推动涡量远离界面,降低了涡量在密度界面上的沉积而附着在分裂后的涡层上,从而有效抑制Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性对界面的影响;由于磁张力附着在被分离的涡层上,且其作用方向与界面因速度剪切而卷起涡的方向相反,因此抑制了界面因Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性而形成涡串.另外,纵向磁场控制下的磁张力反作用于中轴射流方向,同样抑制了Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性的发展.
基金LMP acknowledges financial support from ANID through Convocatoria Nacional Subvención a Instalación en la Academia Convocatoria Año 2021,Grant SA77210040。
文摘We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked sheet.With the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is illustrated.The resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity transformations.The transformed differential equations are solved analytically.Impacts of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted graphically.The skin friction and Nusselt number were also evaluated.In addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching one.Further,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O nanofluid.Furthermore,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.
